The genetic code is defined degenerate or even redundant because:
A. the same codon codes for different amino acids
B. an amino acid can be encoded by several codons
C is different in all organisms, except in monozygotic twins
D. the sequence of codons is not separated by intervals, but is continuous
E. the structure of the genes is constantly mutating
Answer:
B. an amino acid can be encoded by several codons
Explanation:
The genetic code refers to the set of rules that govern how the four nitrogenous bases (A,U,G,C) is arranged to form amino acids. The genetic code is a collection of all the CODONS formed. There are different characteristics of the genetic code and one of them is its REDUNDANCY.
Since there are 4 nitrogenous bases combined in three's to form a codon i.e. 4³, there are 64 possible codons that could form 20 maximum amino acids. This means that there are more codons in relation to amino acids. Hence, more than one codon can encode an amino acid, and this is referred to as REDUNDANCY of the genetic code.
For example, LEUCINE amino acid is encoded by 6 codons as follows: UUA, UUG, CUU, CUC, CUA, CUG.
Which of the cardiac cell characteristics describes the
ability to initiate an electrical impulse?
Answer:
The correct answer is: automaticity.
Explanation:
Cardiac muscle has several properties. These properties are: automaticity (given by the pacemaker cells), conductivity (meaning that each cardiac cell can transmit the electrical impulse to the next cardiac cells), contractility (like other types of muscles, cardiac muscle cells can contract), and irritability (each cell can contract on its own without the external stimuli).
Cardiac pacemaker cells are the ones with the capacity to initiate the electrical impulse by creating rhythmic impulses called action potentials, and thus directly regulating heart rate.
Pacemaker cells are located in the sinoatrial (SA) node, in the upper portion of the right atrial wall. In these cells, depolarization of the cardiac muscle begins, and the electrical impulse generated by it is transmitted to the atrioventricular (AV) node, the His bundle and then the Purkinje fibers - this order of events is necessary for the correct contraction of the heart to occur. All of these structures are part of the Conduction System of the heart.
Define external digestion
Answer:
Saprobionts eat by secreting enzymes through the cell membrane onto their food, a process known as extracellular phototropic digestion. The enzymes catalyze the breakdown of food into molecules small enough to be absorbed by passive diffusion, transport, osmotrophy, or phagocytosis.
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hope it helps...
have a great day!!
Answer: External digestion is when the bacteria secretes digestive enzymes to break down the food outside of the "body" and then it sucks it up!
Explanation: her ya go
phương pháp tạo vòng halo???
Answer:
lol
xplanation:
Answer:
jîâr erçvñ.
Explanation:
hñkgdà34vkffjGydlkydkeutskdeut
in what direction do winds blow?
a. from the northeast to the southwest
b.from the southwest to the northeast
c. from the low pressure areas to high pressure areas
d.from high pressure areas to low pressure areas
Answer:i don’t know
Explanation:i don’t know
Answer:
a. from the northeast to the southwest
Gram-negative cell wall contains an outer membrane called the lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This LPS is found in the outer leaflet of the outer membrane. The innermost portion of the LPS is called Lipid A, which is an endotoxin. When are endotoxins released from a bacterial cell?
Answer:
The correct answer is - during active cellular growth and after cell lysis
Explanation:
Endotoxins, also known as LPS, are part of the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. These LPS especially Lipid A LPA released into the circulation when there is a disruption of the intact bacteria or after cell lysis. These are present in cell-associated bacteria such as Gram-negative pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Pseudomonas, and others.
protid không phải là thành phần của
The protein salmon has an isoelectric point of 12.1. Suppose you did a pH titration of a solution containing salmon. At what pH will the protein aggregate
Answer:
The correct answer is - 12.1.
Explanation:
In the case of the same isoelectric point of protein and the pH value of the solution, it is the only condition when aggregation of proteins takes place.
When there is intrinsically disordered proteins or misfolded proteins aggregates known as the protein aggregate. So for the first aggregation takes place at pH= 12.1.
Dark skin ( a result of increased melanin production in equatorial populations), is likely a response to ultraviolet radiation because UV radiation causes:
Answer: Skin cancer
Explanation:
Melanin is a pigment derived from an amino called acid tyrosine. The most common form of melanin is called eumelanin, which is a polymer of dihydroxyindole carboxylic acids and their reduced forms. When a person is exposed to the ultraviolet light (UV) from the sun, the melanocytes will produce eumelanin to prevent the skin from burning and damage to the cell nuclei (where DNA is found) of the epidermis. This melanin production causes the skin to darken. The eumelanin in the skin then acts as a natural sunscreen by blocking the damaging effects of sunlight. So, skin darkens when exposed UV light, thus providing greater protection when needed by producing more eumelanin, but it also becomes more likely to develop melanoma, which is a type of skin cancer. This is because UV rays damage the DNA of skin cells. The DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material that has the instructios to the growth and functioning of an organisms). Skin cancers begin when eumelanin protection is not sufficient and this damage affects the DNA of the genes that control the growth of skin cells. This results in a tumor, which is the uncontrolled growth of cells (in this case, skin cells) because there will be a mutation in DNA that affects the function of the cells.
13: Mycobacteria are stained with
a. Gram's staining
b. Simple staining
c. Both a and b
6. Ziehl - Neelsen's staining
Answer:
d. Ziehl - Neelsen's staining
Explanation:
The mycobacteria is stained with the Ziehl - Neelsen's staining. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
1. The large cell is called secondary oocyte and the small one is called _______.
2. What parts of organ that located at the right side of upper abdomen?
3. It is yellowish gland about 18cm long and 4 cm wide.
4. The ____________ provides the oxygen necessary for cells to metabolize.
5. The _____________ moves the oxygen around the body and to the cells.
6. It a specialized sub-unit within a cell that has a specific function such as; mitochondrion, golgi bodies, lysosome, vacuole, etc.
7. _________ are the tiny building blocks of our tissues and organs.
8. In what process where sex cells undergo meiosis to form sperm cells (spermatogenesis) in male and egg cells (oogenesis) in female.
9. This is a production of sperm by the process of meiosis.
10. It is process of producing egg cells by means of meiosis.
You are carrying a case of 24 bottles of water up the stairs to your third-story apartment. What type of contraction are the muscles in your arms experiencing
Answer:
Concentric contraction.
Explanation:
Concentric contraction is a type of contraction that the muscles in arms experiencing when an individual lifting 24 bottles of water up the stairs. A concentric contraction is a type of muscle activation that creates tension on your muscle as it shortens. As your muscle shortens, it produces enough force to move an object in the upward direction. In weight training we can easily see concentric movement.
Option :
Bacteriacial cell
Plant cell
Animal cell
All of these are correct answer
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
bcoz it helps in every way
Refer to this diagram. Which structure will become the product of translation? 1 2 3 4
Which R group would most likely be found in a hydrophobic area of the tertiary structure of a globular protein?
Answer:
CH2-Aromatic ring
Explanation:
Amino acids with aromatic R groups are relatively hydrophobic and therefore don't interact with water molecules surrounding the protein. Tryptophan (Trp), phenylalanine (Phe) and tyrosine (Tyr) are amino acids with aromatic R groups. Since these amino acids are relatively nonpolar or hydrophobic, they participate in hydrophobic interactions that are strong when there are several residues with aromatic R groups which are stacked on one another. In this regard, it is also important to highlight that Tyr and Trp are more polar than Phe due to the hydroxyl (OH-) group in Tyr and the nitrogen in the Trp ring.
characteristics of Pisces
Answer:
Pisces are known as amazingly imaginative, creative, empathetic, and kind, they can also be overly sentimental, impressionable, and closed off.
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive condition in which blood does not clot properly. Queen Victoria of England had one allele for hemophilia. Most of her male descendants had the disorder, but few females had it. Why did hemophilia occur more frequently in Queen Victoria’s male descendants?
Answer:
Because hemophilia is an X-linked recessive condition.
Explanation:
As the problem states, hemophilia is an X-linked recessive condition.
Meaning that in Queen Victoria's female descendants (coded XX) which inherited the Queen's one allele, for hemophilia to appear in them it would be necessary to inherit another hemophillia-carrying allele from the father.The Queen's male descendants (coded XY) would always manifest hemophilia if they inherited the Queen's hemophilia allele, as they possesed only one X gene.3 Peroxisomes are cellular organelles: A. with their own genome B. present only in protists C. without membrane OR D. collaborating with the nucleus O E site of some oxidation reactions
Answer:
E.site of some oxidation reactions
All of the following factors contribute to the differences in complex trait risk predictions between different laboratories, EXCEPT ____________. differing methods of combining risk from multiple genetic variants selection of different genetic variants for risk determination different assessments of environmental factors genotyping of different variants
Answer:
different assessments of environmental factors
Explanation:
In humans, for predicting the future phenotype of any individual, the PSR is used.
A trait may be defined as the state of a character that is a distinct variation of the phenotypic characteristic of any organism.
The following factors contributes to the differences in the complex trait risk predictions in the different laboratories :
-- differing methods of the combining risk from the multiple genetic variants.
-- genotyping of the different variants.
-- selection of the different genetic variants for such risk determination.
Thus the factor which does not contribute is :
"different assessments of the environmental factors."
*Part 1*:
Interpretation - Identify trends, compare and contrast, draw conclusions.
The following is a plot of the number of bacterial cells vs time in a culture. A culture refers to
cells grown in a man-made environment. For example, even though oceans, streams and
ponds are teaming with microbes, they are not considered a culture because they are part of a
natural environment. Yogurt as well as cells grown on agar plates or liquid cultures are
examples of a man-made environment.
c.
b.
d.
a.
5
Time (hr)
10
*Part 1*: Analyze the image. Be sure to include a conclusion. There are no incorrect
conclusions, only illogical ones.
Answer:
Answer:
First increases, attain highest population and then decreases.
Explanation:
In the culture, the number of bacterial cells increases with the passage of time in a culture. at the beginning, the bacterial cells increases in number or population with the passage of time. At point C, it shows highest population of bacterial cells at the time period of 4 to 5 hours but after more time passed, the population of bacterial cells decreases may be the unavailability of food substances in the medium.
define cell and atom.....
Cell: A cell is the structural and fundamental unit of life. The study of cells from its basic structure to the functions of every cell organelle is called Cell Biology.
Atom: atom is the smallest component of an element, characterized by a sharing of the chemical properties of the element and a nucleus with neutrons, protons and electrons. The protons and the neutrons reside in the nucleus.
whats the difference between atom and cell?
function wise atoms take part in every chemical reaction while cells are responsible for the development and growth of living existences. Atoms do not have life. They do not need food, water, and they do not reproduce. Cells are alive. Cells consume food and water and can reproduce. Atoms construct molecules and Cells make tissues for organs.
differences between a fish and a toad.
Answer:
⬇ See answer below ⬇
Explanation:
A fish is a(n) aquatic animal which has gills and can only find oxygen underwater. Toads are quite different though as they are amphibians who can live on both land and underwater. (Hope this helped you!)
Please help !
Which describes electrons?
Electrons move at very fast speeds around the nucleus of an atom.
Electrons are stationary outside of the nucleus of an atom.
Electrons move at very fast speeds inside the nucleus of an atom.
Electrons are stationary inside the nucleus of an atom.
2. Which of the following is not considered an
organism?
a. an oak leaf
b. a spider
c. an elephant
d. a bacterial cell
Answer:
a. an oak leaf
Explanation:
Bacterial cells would undergo this type of reproduction, Binary Fission. An asexual reproductive process where a single bacterium splits into 2 additional bacteria, each having the same bacterial DNA and or genome as the original bacterium.
So the answer is D
Hope This helps :) Have a good Day
What happens to proteins with no signal sequence that are made in the cytosol? Question 3 options: They are taken up by lysosomes. They are degraded by proteases. They are returned to their organelle of origin. They are secreted. They remain in the cytosol.
Answer:
The correct answer is: They remain in the cytosol.
Explanation:
Eukaryotic proteins are made through a process called Translation, which always starts at the cytosol (except for the proteins that are made in the mitochondria).
While Translation is taking place, the peptide that is being synthesized is checked for molecular tags that will lead to a re-routing to another destination: proteins that have an amino sequence called 'signal peptide' will be sent to the endoplasmic reticulum for its translation to continue - the proteins that go this route are meant to be part of the endomembrane system, after that they can be bounded to the ER, the Golgi apparatus or the lysosomes.
Unlike the proteins mentioned before, there are proteins that will have no signal peptide - this means that they are meant to finish Translation in the cytosol. Some of these proteins will acquire a signal tag that will lead them to the nucleus or the mitochondria, for example, but if they don't they will stay permanently in the cytosol to perform their tasks in that place.
The ability of the human body to break down the red color in beets is controlled by an autosomal dominant allele. The inability is recessive, detected by red coloration of the urine (we will call this phenotype 'secretor'). If a nonsecretor woman with a secretor father has children with a nonsecretor man who in a previous relationship had a secretor daughter, what is the probability that their first child will be...
Solution :
It is given that a woman is a nonsecretor but the father of that woman is a secretor. It means that the father's genotype is recessive, i.e. "ss".
The genotype of the nonsecretor mother would be Ss, who have received one recessive allele from her father.
Now the nonsecretor man have a secretor daughter from his previous marriage. That means that he is a carrier nd his genotype is Ss.
Now, we can cross between the heterozygous parents (Ss x Ss) will have offspring with the following genotypes :
1 SS -- Nonsecretor
2 Ss -- Nonsecretor
1 ss -- secretor
Thus the probability that their first child will be :
a). a secretor girl
[tex]$=\frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{2}$[/tex]
[tex]$=\frac{1}{8}$[/tex]
b). Non secretor girl
[tex]$=\frac{3}{4} \times \frac{1}{2}$[/tex]
[tex]$=\frac{3}{8}$[/tex]
c). a secretor boy
[tex]$=\frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{2}$[/tex]
[tex]$=\frac{1}{8}$[/tex]
I am stuck please help !!!!!!
how digestion happens in human
Explanation:
The muscles of the small intestine mix food with digestive juices from the pancreas, liver, and intestine, and push the mixture forward for further digestion. The walls of the small intestine absorb water and the digested nutrients into your bloodstream.
Answer :Once foods are broken into small enough parts, your body can absorb and move the nutrients to where they are needed. Your large intestine absorbs water, and the waste products of digestion become stool. Nerves and hormones help control the digestive process.
What is the correct sequence of events for the life cycle of the pork tapeworm, T. solium? Arrange the following statements in chronological order
Answer: See explanation
Explanation:
The correct sequence of events for the life cycle of the pork tapeworm, T. solium in chronological order will be:
• Eggs are produced by adult tapeworms living in definitive host
• Eggs are released in the environment in the faeces
• Pigs eat grass contaminated, or fertilized with human faeces.
• Inside the intermediate hosst, the eggs mature into larvae and encyst in the host muscles.
• The definitive host ingests the larvae and becomes infected.
In the aerobic metabolism of proteins by chemoheterotrophs (e.g., E. coli and you):____.
A. Proteins are broken down into smaller peptides and eventually into amino acids by proteases (peptidases).
B. Certain amino acids may be converted to pyruvate.
C. Certain amino acids may be converted to intermediates (e.g. oxaloacetate) of the Krebs cycle.
D. Certain amino acids may be converted to acetyl-CoA.
E. All of the above are true.
