Answer:
The correct option is;
The gas particles move faster, have the same molecular composition, and have weaker attractions between them than the liquid particles
Explanation:
The properties of the gas molecules in comparison to liquids are
1) The gas molecules are widely spread out
2) After evaporation and while in conditions favorable to the gaseous state, the kinetic energy of a gas is larger than the inter molecular attractive forces
3) A gas fills the container in which it is placed
For liquids
1) There are strong intermolecular forces holding the molecules together in a liquid
2) Liquid attractive forces in a liquid are strong enough to hold neighboring molecules
3) The volume of a liquid is definite.
Scientists have changed the model of the atom as they have gathered new evidence. One of the atomic models is shown below. A purple ball in the center surrounded by overlapping concentric black ovals, each with a small green ball on each of the 6 ovals. What experimental evidence led to the development of this atomic model from the one before it? A few of the positive particles aimed at a gold foil seemed to bounce back. The colors of light emitted from heated atoms had very specific energies. Experiments with water vapor showed that elements combine in specific proportions. Cathode rays were bent in the same way whenever a magnet was brought near them.
Answer:
A few of the positive particles aimed at a gold foil seemed to bounce back.
Explanation:
Rutherford's experiment took the search for the structure of the atom a step further. In this experiment, a narrow beam of alpha particles emitted from a source was used to bombard a thin gold foil.
The scattering of the alpha particles was detected by a movable ZnS screen. It was found that most of the alpha particles followed a straight path through the gold foil but some were scattered through large angles and some even scattered backwards.
Following this experiment, Rutherford decided on his planetary model of the atom in which the nucleus is at the core of the atom with electrons moving round the nucleus in orbits. Rutherford was awarded a Nobel prize for this work.
Answer:
a
Explanation:
edge 2020
Metal A reacts with oxygen to form an oxide.The oxide is dissolved in water to form a soluble hydroxide.What is the solution formed called and what is metal A
Answer:
The solution formed is called Barium hydroxide Ba(OH)2 and metal A is Barium
Explanation:
All basic oxides except BaO are insoluble in water
the overall take away of an experiment’s results is the______. A. hypothesis B. introduction C. conclusion
Answer:
conclusion
Explanation:
it can't be a hypothesis since tests are carried out to verify so it is not a theory
an introduction to an experiment only gives the basis of what we are investigating therefore nothing has been proven and the question is still unanswered
The overall takeaway of an experiment’s results is the conclusion. Hence, option C is correct.
What is a hypothesis?A hypothesis is a testable statement about the relationship between two or more variables or a proposed explanation for some observed experiment.
The overall takeaway of an experiment’s results can't be a hypothesis since tests are carried out to verify so it is not a theory
An experiment only gives an idea about the investigation therefore nothing has been proven and the question is still unanswered.
Hence, the overall takeaway of an experiment’s results is the conclusion.
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oxidation number of Fe in Fe2(CO3)2
Answer:
+2
Explanation:
Oxidation number of an element, also called its oxidation state, is the number of electrons its atoms lost or gain in the process of forming a chemical compound.
To determine the oxidation state of an element or compound;
- The sum of all the oxidation numbers in a neutral compound must equal zero (0).
In the compound: Fe2(CO3)2
This compound is a neutral one, hence, its oxidation state is equal to zero (0).
It contains a polyatomic ion (carbonate ion) i.e. CO3 2-, whose net charge is -2.
Hence, to find the oxidation number of Iron (Fe), which is represented by X, in the compound, we say;
X(2) + -2(2) = 0
2X + -4 = 0
2X - 4 = 0
2X = 4
X = +2
Therefore, the oxidation number of Fe in Fe2(CO3)2 is (+2)
The compound Fe2(CO3)2 is called Iron (II) carbonate
Oxidation number of Fe in [tex]\rm Fe_2(CO_3)_2[/tex] is 2. An atom's oxidation number is a positive or negative number.
A notion used in chemistry to characterise the relative electron distribution and the level of oxidation or reduction of atoms in a compound or ion is known as the "oxidation number," sometimes known as the "oxidation state." Based on the presumption that electrons in chemical bonds are entirely transmitted to the more electronegative atom, it is a method of bookkeeping that assigns a notional charge to each individual atom in a molecule or ion.
The -4 stands for the overall charge that the carbonate ions provided, and the x is the Fe's oxidation number.
2x + (-4) = 0
2x - 4 = 0
2x = 4
x = 4/2
x = 2
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If 25.0 g of carbon monoxide react with 8.50 g of ammonia and 10.0 g of hydrogen to produce water and acetonitrile (CH3CN), what mass of each excess reactant is left over after the reaction is complete?
Answer:
The mass of NH₃ left over = 0.91 g of NH₃
The mass of H₂ left over = 8.2 g of H₂
Explanation:
The given information are;
The mass of the carbon monoxide present in the reaction = 25.0 g
The mass of the ammonia present in the reaction = 8.50 g
The mass of the hydrogen present in the reaction = 10.0 g
The above masses reacts to produce water and acetonitrile (CH₃CN)
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is given as follows;
2CO + NH₃ + 2H₂ → CH₃CN + 2H₂O
Therefore, two moles of CO reacts with one mole of NH₃ and two moles of H₂ to produce one mole of CH₃CN and two moles of H₂O
The molar mass of CO = 28.01 g/mol
The molar mass of NH₃ = 17.031 g/mol
The molar mass of H₂ = 2.0159 g/mol
The molar mass of H₂O = 18.015 g/mol
The molar mass of CH₃CN = 41.05 g/mol
The number of moles of CO present = 25/28.01 = 0.893 moles
The number of moles of NH₃ present = 8.5/17.031 = 0.5 moles
The number of moles of H₂ present = 10/2.0159 = 4.96 moles
Therefore, 0.893 moles of CO reacts with 0.893/2 mole of NH₃ and 0.893 moles of H₂ to produce 0.893/2 mole of CH₃CN and 0.893 moles of H₂O
The excess reactants left are;
0.5 - 0.893/2 = 0.0535 moles of NH₃ with mass 0.0535 × 17.031 = 0.91 g
4.96 - 0.893 = 4.067 moles of H₂ with mass 4.067 × 2.0159 = 8.2 g
The mass of NH₃ left over = 0.91 g of NH₃
The mass of H₂ left over = 8.2 g of H₂.
Which of the following is not equal to 485 L?
0.485 kL
4.85 x 104 mL
48,500 cL
4.85 x 108 µL
Answer:
[tex]4.85 * 10^4\ mL[/tex]
Explanation:
Given
485 L
Required
Determine the measurement not equal to 485L
[tex]0.485\ kL[/tex]
From standard unit of conversion;
1 KL = 1000 L
Multiply both sides by 485
[tex]485 * 1 KL = 485 * 1000 L[/tex]
[tex]485KL = 485000L[/tex]
Divide both sides by 1000
[tex]\frac{485KL}{1000} = \frac{485000L}{1000}[/tex]
[tex]0.485KL = 485L[/tex] ---- This is equivalent
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[tex]4.85 * 10^4\ mL[/tex]
From standard unit of conversion;
1000 mL = 1 L
Multiply both sides by 485
[tex]485 * 1000 mL = 1 L * 485[/tex]
[tex]485000\ mL = 485\ L[/tex]
Convert to standard form
[tex]4.85 * 10^5\ mL = 485\ L[/tex]
Hence; [tex]4.85 * 10^4\ mL[/tex] is not equivalent to 485L
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[tex]48500 \ cL[/tex]
From standard unit of conversion;
100 cL = 1 L
Multiply both sides by 485
[tex]485 * 100 cL = 1 L * 485[/tex]
[tex]48500\ cL = 485\ L[/tex]
Convert to standard form
[tex]4.85 * 10^4\ cL = 485\ L[/tex] ---- This is equivalent
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[tex]4.85 * 10^8 \[/tex] μL
From standard unit of conversion;
1000000 μL = 1 L
Multiply both sides by 485
[tex]485 * 1000000uL = 1 L * 485[/tex]
[tex]485000000uL = 485\ L[/tex]
Convert to standard form
[tex]4.85 * 10^8\ uL = 485\ L[/tex] ---- This is equivalent
From the list of given options;
[tex]4.85 * 10^4\ mL[/tex] is not equivalent to 485L
A gas has a volume of 25.0 mL at 2.50 atm. What is the volume at 457 mmHg if the temperature remains constant?
Answer:
≈ 0.104 liters
Explanation:
We can use Boyle's Law: [tex]P_{1}V_{1} = P_{2}V_{2}[/tex]
P₁ = 2.50 atm
V₁ = 25.0 mL
P₂ = 457 mmHg
V₂ = ?
Because pressure should be in atm we will convert 457 mmHg to units in atm:
1 atm = 760mmHg so we can divide 457 by 760 and we get ≈ 0.601atm
Next we can plug in the units to the equation for Boyle's Law:
(2.50)(25.0) = (0.601)(V₂)
Solve for V₂
V₂ will give you ≈ 104mL or 0.104L
Either is correct depending on which unit they are asking you to use
am gonna cry plz answer Which is not an inter molecular force? Select one: a. Inter atomic bonds b. van der waals forces c. hydrogen bonds
Answer:
inter atomic bonds
Explanation:
because it is loosely held
Select the correct answer. Which state of matter is highly compressible, is made of particles moving independently of each other, and is present in large quantities near Earth's surface? A. solid B. liquid C. gas D. plasma
what is an example of mechanical energy converting to heat energy?
Answer:
Rubbing your hands together converts mechanical energy to thermal energy. Turning on a light switch converts mechanical energy to electrical and radiant energy.
Which statement best describes a compound formed by an ionic bond?
A) negatively charged
B) neutral
C) contains multiple charges
D) positively charged
Answer is D
Explanation:
Answer:
B. Neutral
Explanation:
When there is a ionic bond, one element steals or takes away an electron from the other element.
An example is NaCl
In this compound, Chlorine atom steals an extra electron from Sodium to fill its outer shell. So, this is a Ionic bond. Since, the Sodium compound gives away an atom, it is positively charged. Since, Chlorine steals an atom, it is negatively charged. Opposite charges attract, so they become a compound.
When positive and negative mix, it becomes neutral.
calculate the atomic number of an element whose neutral atom has four electrons in its valence shell and its valence shell is the m shell
Answer:
The atomic number of the atom is 14.
Explanation:
The following data were obtained from the question:
Valence electrons = 4
Atomic number =.?
From the question given, we were told that the valence electron is in the m shell. Thus, we can say:
M shell = 4 electrons
The number of shells of the atom can be written in the order K, L, M with M as the last shell because we were told that the valence electrons i.e electrons in the outer shell is located at the M shell.
From a detailed knowledge of atom,
K shell = 1st shell
L shell = 2nd shell
M shell = 3rd shell
The first shell, K of an atom can only accommodate 2 electrons while others can accommodate a maximum of 8 electrons.
Note: we can only put electrons in another shell if a shell is already having 8 electrons. This rule only applies to the 2nd shell and above.
Thus, the atom in question has the following electrons:
K shell = 1st shell = 2 electrons
L shell = 2nd shell = 8 electrons
M shell = 3rd shell = 4 electrons
To get the atomic number of the atoms, we simply add all the electrons together.
This is illustrated below:
Atomic number = 2 + 8 + 4
Atomic number = 14
Therefore, the atomic number of the atom is 14.
Answer:
The answer on Edge is,
C. the number of valence electrons an atom has
A mixture of reactants and products for the reaction shown below is at
equilibrium in a 2.0 L container. What would most likely happen to the
equilibrium if the volume of the container were increased to 4.0 L?
N.(g) + 3H2(g)
22NH3(g)
Answer:
The system will shift to the left producing more moles of gases trying to maintain the original pressure of the system
Explanation:
Based on LeChatelier's principle, a change in temperature, pressure, volume or concentration on a system result in an opposing change trying to maintain the initial equilibrium conditions.
In the reaction:
N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) ⇄ 2NH₃(g)
4 moles of gas reacts producing 2 moles of gas.
In a gas reaction, the system will try to maintain the total pressure.
If the volume of the container increases, the system will shift to the side of the reaction that has more moles of gases in order to maintain the pressure.
That means if in the reaction the volume of the container increase from 2.0L to 4.0L the system will shift to the left producing more moles of gases trying to maintain the original pressure of the system.
Answer it answer it answer it
Answer:
[tex]\Large \boxed{\mathrm{A}}[/tex]
Explanation:
Rust formed from iron and oxygen combining is a chemical change, because in a chemical change, the resulting substance(s) will have different properties from the substance(s) before the chemical change.
I cant comment... So is it Right?
When might Accurate length measurement be important?
Answer:
When you are going to measure small lengths or objects or when you are going to measure things with great accuracy.
Explanation:
Si se usa 450 gramos de carbonato de calcio para dicho proceso ¿Qué volumen de CO2 se obtendrá, si la presión es de 8 atm y la temperatura 200°C? R=0,082 atm.L/mol.K
Respuesta:
21.8 L
Explicación:
Paso 1: Escribir la reacción balanceada
CaCO₃ ⇒ CaO + CO₂
Paso 2: Convertir 450 g de CaCO₃ a moles
La masa molar de CaCO₃ es 100.09 g.
450 g × (1 mol/100.09 g) = 4.50 mol
Paso 3: Calcular los moles de CO₂ que se forman a partir de 4.50 moles de CaCO₃
La relación molar de CaCO₃ a CO₂ es 1:1. Los moles de CO₂ formados son 1/1 × 4.50 mol = 4.50 mol.
Paso 4: Convertir la temperatura a Kelvin
Usaremos la siguiente expresión.
K = °C + 273.15 = 200°C + 273.15 = 473 K
Paso 5: Calcular el volumen de CO₂
Usaremos la ecuación del gas ideal.
P × V = n × R × T
V = n × R × T / P
V = 4.50 mol × (0.082 atm.L/mol.K) × 473 K / 8 atm
V = 21.8 L
An event planner accidentally leaves a tray of cupcakes in his car for several hours on a sunny day. When he returns, the formerly firm frosting is now runny and wet to the touch. Which answer choice best describes what happened in this scenario? The particles of frosting released energy to their surroundings and changed from the solid to the liquid state. The particles of frosting released energy to their surroundings and changed from the liquid to the solid state. The particles of frosting absorbed energy from their surroundings and changed from the solid to the liquid state. The particles of frosting absorbed energy from their surroundings and changed from the liquid to the solid state.
Answer:
The particles of frosting absorbed energy from their surroundings and changed from the solid to the liquid state.
Explanation:
On a sunny day, the energy of the particles in the surrounding is higher than the energy of the frosting tray of cupcakes.
As a result of the exchange of energy between the tray of cupcakes and the surrounding, the tray of cupcakes absorbs energy from the surrounding. When this occurs, the firm frosting is now converted from solid to liquid which is runny and wet to touch, hence the answer above.
D. Answer these questions.
1. What is chemistry?
2. What is scientific method?
Answer:
1.Chemistry is the scientific discipline involved with elements and compounds composed of atoms, molecules and ions: their composition, structure, properties, behavior and the changes they undergo during a reaction with other substances.
2.The scientific method is an empirical method of acquiring knowledge that has characterized the development of science since at least the 17th century. It involves careful observation, applying rigorous skepticism about what is observed, given that cognitive assumptions can distort how one interprets the observations.
A wittig reaction occurs when 4-methylbenzaldehyde and benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride are stirred together at room temperature in the presence of sodium hydroxide base. Draw the major isomer produced by this reaction.
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
The wittig reaction is an organic reaction in which an aldehyde or a ketone reacts with a phosphonium ylide to give an alkene. This phoshonium ylide that participates in the reaction is usually generated insitu in the system by reaction of an alky or aryl triphenylphosphonium halide salt with a base(sodium hydroxide is mostly used).
In this particular reaction 4-methylbenzaldehyde and benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride were reacted together in the presence of sodium hydroxide and the product with the structure shown in the answer was obtained as the major isomer produced in the reaction.
Can a window pane be considered a mineral?
Answer:
Explanation:
The glass (which does not crystallize even though it is accepted) of a window is NOT a mineral, since it is neither a substance of natural origin (although it is manufactured from natural components) nor does it have a defined crystalline structure, that is, the atoms they are not arranged in an orderly and regular way along axes and planes forming flat faces that keep a symmetry.
Remember that a mineral is defined as a solid, inorganic, homogeneous substance, of natural origin, with a crystalline structure and a determined and well-defined chemical composition within narrow margins and that has regular and characteristic physical properties.
Explanation: No, glass is not a mineral. ... Definable chemical composition: SiO2 *Actually, most industrially-produced glass is not pure silica, but having impurities is still a definable chemical composition so this part of the definition is ok. Orderly arrangement of atoms in a lattice: NO.
Which correctly describe a reversible reaction reaching equilibrium in a closed system?
Select two that apply.
-Over time, the rates of the forward and reverse reactions equalize.
-Over time, the rate of the forward reaction becomes zero.
-Initially, the concentration of reactants is low, so the rate of the forward reaction is also low.
-Initially, the concentration of products is low, so the rate of the reverse reaction is also low.
-Over time, the rate of the reverse reaction becomes greater than the forward reaction.
Answer:
-Over time, the rates of the forward and reverse reactions equalize.
-Initially, the concentration of products is low, so the rate of the reverse reaction is also low.
Explanation:
A chemical reaction is said to be reversible when the reactants forms the products, which in turn reacts together again to give rise to the reactants. In a reversible reaction, the formation of products from reactants occurs simultaneously with the reformation of the reactants from the products. For example:
The reversible reaction: A + B ⇆ C + D means;
A + B → C + D and C + D → A + B
The rate at which both forward and reverse reactions are taking place in closed system may be initially different but with time, it gets equal to form an equilibrium reaction. However, at first, only the rate of the forward reaction proceeds because the concentration of the product is low. Hence, the rate of reaction of the reverse reaction (product to reactants) is low as well.
In the reversible reaction above, the rate of the reverse reaction (C + D → A + B) will turn out low initially because the concentration of the products (C and D) are low. With time, the rates of the forward and reverse reaction becomes equal to form an EQUILIBRIUM or STABLE reaction.
which statement is true about this reaction 14/7n + 1/1h ------> 15/8o
A. it is a practical source of energy on earth
B.it occurs only outside the solar system
C.its product is heavier than each of its reactants
D.it shows the critical mass of an element
Answer: answer is C
Explanation:
Its product is heavier than each of its reactants is true about this ₇N¹⁴ + ₁H¹ → ₈O¹⁵ reaction
What is Nuclear reaction ?A nuclear reaction is a reaction in which one or more than one nuclides are generate and it collides between two atomic nuclei or one atomic nucleus.
The reaction is
₇N¹⁴ + ₁H¹ → ₈O¹⁵
Now equating the mass number of both sides
14 + 1 = 15 + a
a = 0
Equating atomic number of both sides
7 + 1 = 8 + x
x = 0
Thus, we can say that its product is heavier than each of its reactants is true about this reaction
Hence, option C is correct answer.
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List down the observations made by Rutherford during the gold foil experiment.
Answer:
1) The volume occupied by an atom is composed of mainly empty space
2) Atoms have a very small, relatively dense, central nucleus that is positively charged
3) The region around the nucleus of an atom are orbited by negatively charged electrons in a the same fashion planets orbit around the Sun.
Explanation:
The selection of gold for the gold foil experiment was due to its ability to be rolled into extremely thin sheets such that it was expected for alpha particle to perforate or pass through the foil.
Se someten a combustion 0,452g de un compuesto de C,H y N de masa molecular 80. Al recoger el CO2 y el H2O producidas obtenemos 0,994 g y 0,203 respectivamente. Determine formula empirica y formula molecular
Answer:
Fórmula empírica: C₂H₂N
Fórmula molecular: C₄H₄N₂
Explanation:
Un compuesto que contiene carbono hidrógeno y nitrógeno con fórmula CₐHₓNₙ es sometido a combustion produciendo:
CₐHₓNₙ + O₂ → aCO₂ + x/2 H₂O + nNO₂
Con la masa de dióxido de carbono y agua podemos encontrar las moles de carbono e hidrógeno y su aporte a los 0.452g de muestra que fueron puestos en combustión, así:
Moles C:
Moles C = Moles CO₂ = 0.994g CO₂ ₓ (1mol / 44g) = 0.0226 moles C
Masa C: 0.0226 moles C ₓ (12.01g / mol) = 0.271g Carbono hay en la muestra
Moles H:
Moles H = 2 Moles H₂O = 0.203g H₂O ₓ (1mol / 18g) = 0.0113 moles H₂O = 0.0226 moles H
Masa H: 0.0226 moles H ₓ (1.01g / mol) = 0.023g Hidrógeno hay en la muestra
Así, la masa de nitrógeno en la muestra y sus moles son:
Masa N = 0.452g - 0.271g C - 0.023g H
Masa N = 0.158g Nitrógeno
Y su moles son:
0.158g ₓ (1 mol / 14.01g) = 0.0113 moles N
Con las moles de C, H y N podemos determinar la formula empírica que se define como: "La relación de números enteros más simple entre la cantidad de átomos presentes en una mólecula. Si usamos como base las moles de nitrógeno (Valor menor):
Relación H/N: 0.0226 mol / 0.0113 mol = 2
Relación C/N: 0.0226 mol / 0.0113 mol = 2
Relación N/N: 0.0113 mol / 0.0113 mol = 1
Así, la fórmula empírica es:
C₂H₂NEsta fórmula empírica tiene una masa molar de:
2C = 2*12 g/mol = 24g/mol
2H = 2*1g/mol = 2g/mol
N = 14g/mol
24+14+2 = 40g/mol
Como la masa molecular del compuesto es 80g/mol (Dos veces la de la fórmula empírica, la fórmula molecular es 2 veces la fórmula empírica:
C₄H₄N₂what is non lustrous ?
Answer:
materials which do not show the quality of lustre i.e. shiney surface
for eg- non metals except Iodine
Explanation:
hope it helps u plz mark as the brainliest
Answer:
These are materials that don't have lustre
Explanation:
They are not shiny.
They include non-metals but not iodine.
Hope it helps.
0.024 is how many significant figures?
Answer:
24×10^-3Explanation:
[tex]Move \: the\:decimal \:point\:,\\3 \:times\:to\:the \:right = 24\\\\When \:the\:decimal\:point \: moves\\\:to\:the \:right\:it\:becomes\:a \:negative\:power\\\\0.024= 24 \times 10^-^3[/tex]
how will you measure the length of a curved line by using a thread?
One to two paragraphs describing the water cycle
Answer:
The water cycle or hydrologic is a continuous cycle where water evaporates, travels into the air and becomes part of a cloud, falls down to earth as precipitation, and then evaporates again. This repeats again and again in a never-ending cycle. Water keeps moving and changing from a solid to a liquid to a gas, over and over again.
Precipitation creates runoff that travels over the ground surface and helps to fill lakes and rivers. It also percolates or moves downward through openings in the soil to replenish aquifers under the ground. Some places receive more precipitation than others do. These areas are usually close to oceans or large bodies of water that allow more water to evaporate and form clouds. Other areas receive less precipitation. Often these areas are far from water or near mountains. As clouds move up and over mountains, the water vapor condenses to form precipitation and freezes. Snow falls on the peaks.
The continual movement of water on, above, and below the Earth's surface is referred to as the water cycle, also known as the hydrological cycle.
What is water cycle ?The water cycle demonstrates how water is constantly moving both inside the Earth and in the atmosphere. It is a complicated system with a wide range of processes.
Water vapor is created when liquid water evaporates, and this water vapor then condenses to form clouds and falls back to earth as rain and snow.
The constant flow of water between the ground and the atmosphere is known as the water cycle. Water travels to land as precipitation, like snow and rain.
The cycle is then completed by the water evaporating, condensing into clouds in the atmosphere, and precipitating once more on earth. The water cycle is composed mostly of four processes: evaporation, convection, precipitation, and collection.
Thus, The continual movement of water on, above, and below the Earth's surface is referred to as the water cycle.
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Consider the following: Li(s) + ½ I₂(g) --> LiI(s) ΔH = –292 kJ. LiI(s) has a lattice energy of –753 kJ/mol. The ionization energy of Li(g) is 520 kJ/mol, the bond energy of I₂(g) is 151 kJ/mol, and the electron affinity of I(g) is –295 kJ/mol. Use these data to determine the heat of sublimation of Li(s).
Answer:
Heat of sublimation of Li(s) = 160.5 kJ/mol
Explanation:
Given that:
[tex]\mathtt{2Li(s) + \dfrac{1}{2} I_2(g) \to 2LiI(s)}[/tex]
ΔH = –292 kJ
The heat of formation for the above reaction = –292 kJ × 2 = -584 kJ/mol
[tex]\mathtt{Li^+_{(g)} + I^-_{(g)} \to LiI_{(s)}}[/tex]
The lattice energy of LiI(s) = -753 kJ/mol
[tex]\mathtt{Li(g)\to Li^+(g) + e^- }[/tex]
The ionization energy of LiI(s) = +520 kJ/mol
[tex]\mathtt{I_2_{(g)} \to 2I_{(g)} }[/tex]
The Bond Energy of I₂(g) = 151 kJ/mol
[tex]\mathtt{I_{(g)} + e^- \to I^-_{(g)}}[/tex]
The electron affinity of I(g) = -295 kJ/mol
Heat of sublimation: Sublimation is the process of changing of a solid matter into gas without passing through the liquid stage, Now, the molar heat of sublimation is the amount of energy that must be added to a mole of solid to turn it directly into a gas without any interference through the liquid phase provided the pressure is constant.
From the above reactions: The heat of sublimation of Li(s) can be calculated by the sum total of the following.
[tex]\mathtt{Li_{(s)} + \dfrac{1}{2} I_2_{(g)} \to LiI_{(s)} \ \ -292 kJ/mol} \\ \\\mathtt{I_{(g)} \to \dfrac{1}{2} I2(g) \ \ -75.5 kJ/mol} \\ \\ \mathtt{I^-(g) \to I(g) + e^- \ \ +295 kJ/mol} \\ \\ \mathtt{LiI(s) \to Li^+_{(g)} + I^-_{(g)} \ \ +753 kJ/mol} \\ \\ \mathtt{Li^+_{(g)} + e^- \to Li(s) \ \ -520 kJ/mol} \\ \\[/tex]
[tex]\mathtt{Li(s) \to Li(g)}[/tex] = (-292 +(-75.5)+295+753+(-520)) kJ/mol
[tex]\mathtt{Li(s) \to Li(g)}[/tex] = 160.5 kJ/mol
Heat of sublimation of Li(s) = 160.5 kJ/mol
All carbon ato ms have atomic number 6 but some have mass number 12 and others have mass number 14.what is a) the same b) different about the structure of these two types of carbon atoms
Answer:
a) The similarities in their structure are;
1) The two isotopes have the same number of protons in their nucleus
2) The two isotopes have the same number of electrons in their orbit
3)The basic chemical properties of the two isotopes are the same
b) The differences in their structure are;
1) The number of neutrons in their nucleus are different
6 for carbon 12 and 8 for carbon 14
2) The structure of carbon 12 is stable while the structure of carbon 14 disintegrates
3) The isotopes have different densities, therefore, different packing
Explanation:
The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
The mass number is the sum or total number of protons and neutrons in an atom
Given that the atomic number of all carbon atoms = 6
The number of protons in all carbon atoms = 6
Given that some of the carbon atoms have a mass number of 12 while others have a mass number 14, we have
Therefore, the number of neutrons in some of the carbon atoms = 12 - 6 = 6
The number of neutrons in the remaining of carbon atoms = 14 - 6 = 8
Therefore the carbon atom has two isotopes including ¹²₆C and ¹⁴₆C.
