4. Given that the enthalpy of reaction for a system at 298 K is -292 kJ/mol and the entropy for that system is 224 J/mol K, what's the free energy for the system?
A.-87,793 kJ
B.-358 kJ
C.-225 kJ
D. -66,751 kJ​

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

[tex]\Delta G=-359\frac{kJ}{mol}[/tex]

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, we must remember that the Gibbs free energy is defined in terms of the enthalpy, temperature and entropy as shown below:

[tex]\Delta G=\Delta H -T\Delta S\\[/tex]

In such a way, for the given data, we obtain it, considering the conversion from J to kJ for the entropy in order to conserve the proper units:

[tex]\Delta G=-292\frac{kJ}{mol} -(298)(224\frac{J}{mol}*\frac{1kJ}{1000J} )\\\\\Delta G=-359\frac{kJ}{mol}[/tex]

Best regards.

Answer 2

Answer:

B- 358 kj

Explanation: I took the test


Related Questions

Q 13.3: Which of the following is the least stable radical choice? Tertiary radical. B : Allyl radical. C : Secondary radical. D : Methyl radical. E : Primary radical.

Answers

Answer:

Methyl radical

Explanation:

A radical is any specie that contains an odd number of electrons. We must note that the greater the number of alkyl groups which are attached to a carbon atom that bears the odd electrons, the more the degree of delocalization of the odd electrons and consequently the more stable we expect the free radical to be.

Hence the order of free radical stability is; Methyl < Primary < Secondary < Tertiary. Hence, we can easily see that the methyl radical is the least stable free radical.

Answer: Methyl radical

Explanation:

Calculate the pH of a solution formed by mixing 250.0 mL of 0.15 M NH4Cl with 200.0 mL of 0.12 M NH3. The Kb for NH3 is 1.8 × 10-5.

Answers

Answer:

The pH of the solution is 9.06.

Explanation:

The reaction of the dissociation of NH₃ in water is:

NH₃(aq) + H₂O(l)  ⇄  NH₄⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq)     (1)

[NH₃] - x                     [NH₄⁺] + x     x  

The concentration of NH₃ and NH₄⁺ is:

[tex] [NH_{3}] = \frac{n_{NH_{3}}}{V_{T}} = \frac{C_{i}_{(NH_{3})}*Vi_{NH_{3}}}{V_{NH_{3}} + V_{NH_{4}^{+}}} = \frac{0.12 M*0.2 L}{0.2 L + 0.25 L} = 0.053 M [/tex]

[tex] [NH_{4}^{+}] = \frac{C_{i}_{(NH_{4}^{+})*V_{NH_{4}^{+}}}}{V_{NH_{3}} + V_{NH_{4}^{+}}} = \frac{0.15 M*0.25 L}{0.2 L + 0.25 L} = 0.083 M [/tex]

From equation (1) we have:

[tex]Kb = \frac{[NH_{4}^{+}][OH^{-}]}{[NH_{3}]}[/tex]

[tex] 1.8 \cdot 10^{-5} = \frac{(0.083 + x)*x}{0.053 - x} [/tex]

[tex] 1.8 \cdot 10^{-5}(0.053 - x) - (0.083 + x)*x = 0 [/tex]

By solving the above equation for x we have:

x =  1.15x10⁻⁵ = [OH⁻]

The pH of the solution is:

[tex] pOH = -log([OH^{-}]) = -log(1.15 \cdot 10^{-5}) = 4.94 [/tex]

[tex] pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 4.94 = 9.06 [/tex]

Therefore, the pH of the solution is 9.06.

I hope it helps you!

Ammonium phosphate is an important ingredient in many fertilizers. It can be made by reacting phosphoric acid with ammonia . What mass of ammonium phosphate is produced by the reaction of of ammonia?

Answers

Answer:

The mass of ammonium phosphate produced is 14.3g

Explanation:

Full question contains: "What mass of ammonium phosphate is produced by the reaction of 4.9g of ammonia"

Ammonium phosphate ((NH₄)₃PO₄) can be produced by the reaction of phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) with ammonia (NH₃) as follows:

H₃PO₄ + 3NH₃ → (NH₄)₃PO₄

Where 1 mole of phosphoric acid reacts with 3 moles of ammonia producing 1 mole of ammonium phosphate.

To know how many grams of ammonium phosphate we need to find moles of ammonia that react, and, with the chemical equation we can find moles of ammonium phosphate and its mass as follows:

Moles ammonia (Molar mass: 17.031g/mol):

4.9g × (1mol / 17.031g) = 0.288 moles of ammonia you have in 4.9g

Moles of ammonium phosphate (149.09g/mol) and its mass:

As 0.288 moles of NH₃ are reacting and 3 moles of ammonia produce 1 mole of ammonium phosphate, moles produced are:

Moles (NH₄)₃PO₄:

0.288 moles NH₃ ₓ (1 mol (NH₄)₃PO₄  / 3 mol NH₃) = 0.0959 moles (NH₄)₃PO₄

These moles are, in grams:

0.0959 moles (NH₄)₃PO₄ ₓ (149.09g / mol) = 14.3g ammonium phosphate.

The mass of ammonium phosphate produced is 14.3g

In a fixed cylinder are 3moles of oxygen gas at 300Kelvin and 1.25atm. What is the volume of the container?

Answers

Answer:

The volume of the container is 59.112 L

Explanation:

Given that,

Number of moles of Oxygen, n = 3

Temperature of the gas, T = 300 K

Pressure of the gas, P = 1.25 atm

We need to find the volume of the container. For a gas, we know that,

PV = nRT

V is volume

R is gas constant, R =  0.0821 atm-L/mol-K

So,

[tex]V=\dfrac{nRT}{P}\\\\V=\dfrac{3\ mol\times 0.0821\ L-atm/mol-K \times 300\ K}{1.25\ atm}\\\\V=59.112\ L[/tex]

So, the volume of the container is 59.112 L

Which gas will have the most collisions between its particles?

Answers

Answer:

The gas is Methane at 340K

Chelsi has talked to her artist friends about how much money they earn each year from working in the arts. She gathers these values from seven people: [$1,500; $6,700; $2,200; $8,100; $50,500; $12,000; $2,200].

What is the median of this data set?

Answers

Answer:

The median would be 6700

Explanation:

Arrange data values from lowest to highest value

The median is the data value in the middle of the set

.

Ordering a data set x1 ≤ x2 ≤ x3 ≤ ... ≤ xn from lowest to highest value, the median x˜ is the data point separating the upper half of the data values from the lower half.

If the size of the data set n is odd the median is the value at position p where

Formula for the median

p=n+12

x˜=xp

If n is even the median is the average of the values at positions p and p + 1 where

p=n2

x˜=xp+xp+12

If there are 2 data values in the middle the median is the mean of those 2 values.

Automotive air bags inflate when sodium azide decomposes explosively to its constituent elements: 2NaN3 (s) → 2Na (s) + 3N2 (g) How many grams of sodium azide are required to produce 30.5 g of nitroge

Answers

Answer:

NaN3 = 47.2 g

Explanation:

Given:

2 NaN3 ⇒ 2 Na  + 3 N2

Find:

Amount of NaN3

Computation:

N2 moles = Product of N2 / molar mass of N2

N2 moles =30.5/28

N2 moles = 1.0893

2NaN3 makes 3(N2 )

So,

NaN3 moles = (2/3) moles of N2  

NaN3 moles = ( 2/3) × 1.0893

NaN3 moles = = 0.7262

NaN3 mass = 0.7262 x 65

NaN3 = 47.2 g

Answer:

NaN3 = 47.2 g

Explanation:

Given:

2 NaN3 ⇒ 2 Na  + 3 N2

Find:

Amount of NaN3

Computation:

N2 moles = Product of N2 / molar mass of N2

N2 moles =30.5/28

N2 moles = 1.0893

2NaN3 makes 3(N2 )

So,

NaN3 moles = (2/3) moles of N2  

NaN3 moles = ( 2/3) × 1.0893

NaN3 moles = = 0.7262

NaN3 mass = 0.7262 x 65

NaN3 = 47.2 g

Explanation:

During which phase do the centromeres split, allowing the two linked chromatids to separate?

Answers

Answer:

Anaphase

Explanation:

The centromere splits during the anaphase of the cell division. Thus, allowing the two linked chromatids to separate.

A typical chromosome is made up of two sister chromatids joined together by a structure known as the centromere. During cell division - at the metaphase stage - the chromosomes align at the equator of the cell, forming the metaphase plate. The spindle from the opposing ends of the cell engages each chromosome at the kinetochore of the centromere.

At the anaphase stage, the centromere splits, leading to the separation of the sister chromatids of each chromosome. The sister chromatids of the same then start migrating in the opposite direction as a result of the shortening of the spindle fiber.

If I make a solution by adding 83 grams of sodium hydroxide to 750 mL of water. a. What is the molality of sodium hydroxide in this solution

Answers

Answer:

2.77 mol/kg

Explanation:

Molality is a sort of concentration that indicates the moles of solute in 1kg of solvent. In this case our solvent is water and, if we consider water's density as 1g/mL, we determine that the mass of solvent is 750 g.

We convert the mass to kg → 750 g . 1kg /1000g = 0.750 kg

Our solute is the NaOH → 83 g.

We convert the mass to moles → 83 g . 1mol /40g = 2.075 mol

Molality (mol/kg) = 2.075 mol / 0.75kg = 2.77 m

What's the mass in grams of 0.442 moles of calcium bromide, CaBr2? The atomic
weight of Ca is 40.1 and the atomic weight of Br is 79.9.
A) 452.3 g
B) 53.04 g
C) 44.2 g
D) 88.4 g

Answers

Answer:

Below

Explanation:

Let n be the quantity of matter in the Calcium Bromide

● n = m/ M

M is the atomic weight and m is the mass

M of CaBr2 is the sum of the atomic wieght of its components (2 Bromes atoms and 1 calcium atom)

M = 40.1 + 2×79.9

● 0.422 = m/ (40.1+2×79.9)

●0.422 = m/ 199.9

● m = 0.422 × 199.9

● m = 84.35 g wich is 88.4 g approximatively

88.4 g approximatively is  the mass in grams of 0.442 moles of calcium bromide, CaBr2 ,therefore option (d) is correct.

What do you mean by mass ?

Mass is the amount of matter that a body possesses. Mass is usually measured in grams (g) or kilograms (kg) .

To calculate mass in grams of 0.442 moles of calcium bromide, CaBr2,

Let n be the quantity of matter in the Calcium Bromide

M is the atomic weight and m is the mass

n = m/ M

M of CaBr2 is the sum of the atomic weight of its components

Mass of  Ca = 40.1 , Mass of Br = 79.9

M = 40.1 + 2×79.9

  0.422 = m/ (40.1+2×79.9)

  0.422 = m/ 199.9

  m = 0.422 × 199.9

  m = 84.35 g which is 88.4 g approximatively .

Thus ,88.4 g approximatively is  the mass in grams of 0.442 moles of calcium bromide, CaBr2 , hence option (d) is correct .

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A flask contains 6g hydrogen gas and 64 g oxygen at rtp the partial pressure of hydrogen gas in the flask of the total pressure (p)will be
A.2/3p
B.3/5p
C.2/5p
D.1/3p
Answer this with reason

Answers

Answer:

B.3/5p

Explanation:

For this question, we have to remember "Dalton's Law of Partial Pressures". This law says that the pressure of the mixture would be equal to the sum of the partial pressure of each gas.

Additionally, we have a proportional relationship between moles and pressure. In other words, more moles indicate more pressure and vice-versa.

[tex]P_i=P_t_o_t_a_l*X_i[/tex]

Where:

[tex]P_i[/tex]=Partial pressure

[tex]P_t_o_t_a_l[/tex]=Total pressure

[tex]X_i[/tex]=mole fraction

With this in mind, we can work with the moles of each compound if we want to analyze the pressure. With the molar mass of each compound we can calculate the moles:

moles of hydrogen gas

The molar mass of hydrogen gas ([tex]H_2[/tex]) is 2 g/mol, so:

[tex]6g~H_2\frac{1~mol~H_2}{2~g~H_2}=~3~mol~H_2[/tex]

moles of oxygen gas

The molar mass of oxygen gas ([tex]O_2[/tex]) is 32 g/mol, so:

[tex]64g~H_2\frac{1~mol~H_2}{32~g~H_2}=~2~mol~O_2[/tex]

Now, total moles are:

Total moles = 2 + 3 = 5

With this value, we can write the partial pressure expression for each gas:

[tex]P_H_2=\frac{3}{5}*P_t_o_t_a_l[/tex]

[tex]P_O_2=\frac{2}{5}*P_t_o_t_a_l[/tex]

So, the answer would be 3/5P.

I hope it helps!

clacium hydroxide is slightly soluable in water about 1 gram will dissolve in 1 liter what are the spectator ions in the reaction ions in the reaction of such a dilute solution of calcium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid

Answers

Answer:

Ca²⁺ and Cl⁻

Explanation:

In a chemical reaction, spectator ions are ions that are not involved in the reaction, that means are the same before and after the reaction.

In water, calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)₂ is dissociated in Ca²⁺ and OH⁻. Also, hydrochloric acid, HCl, dissociates in H⁺ and Cl⁻. The reaction is:

Ca²⁺ + 2OH⁻ + 2H⁺ + 2Cl⁻ → 2H₂O + Ca²⁺ + 2Cl⁻

The ions that react are H⁺ and OH⁻ (Acid and base producing water)

And the ions that are not reacting, spectator ions, are:

Ca²⁺ and Cl⁻

What is the concentration in ppm of 4 g of NaCl dissolved in 100 mL of water?

Answers

1mL= 1g

That means that 100mL= 100g

Solute: 4g (smaller) + Solvent: 100g (larger) = Solution : 104g

PPM= solute/solution * 106
PPM= 4/104 * 106
PPM= 4.0769ppm
PPM is approximately 4.08ppm

what is the colour before and after when bromine reacts with chlorine ??​

Answers

ANSWER

I need great answers

EXPLANATION

please rate my answer as great

Calculate the concentration of H3O+ in a solution that contains 5.5 × 10-5 M OH- at 25°C. Identify the solution as acidic, basic, or neutral.

Answers

Explanation:

To calculate [H3O+] in the solution we must first find the pH from the [ OH-]

That's

pH + pOH = 14

pH = 14 - pOH

To calculate the pOH we use the formula

pOH = - log [OH-]

And [OH-] = 5.5 × 10^-5 M

So we have

pOH = - log 5.5 × 10^ - 5

pOH = 4.26

Since we've found the pOH we can now find the pH

That's

pH = 14 - 4.26

pH = 9.74

Now we can find the concentration of H3O+ in the solution using the formula

pH = - log H3O+

9.74 = - log H3O+

Find the antilog of both sides

H3O+ = 1.8 × 10^ - 10 M

The solution is basic since it's pH lies in the basic region.

Hope this helps you

A chemist prepares a solution of sodium chloride by measuring out 25.4 grams of sodium chloride into a 100. mL volumetric flask and filling the flask to the mark with water. Calculate the concentration in mol/L of the chemist's sodium chloride solution. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.

Answers

Answer:

The concentration in mol/L =  4.342 mol/L

Explanation:

Given that :

mass of sodium chloride = 25.4 grams

Volume of the volumetric flask = 100 mL

We all know that the molar mass of sodium chloride NaCl = 58.5 g/mol

and number of moles = mass/molar mass

The number of moles of sodium chloride = 25.4 g/58.5 g/mol

The number of moles of sodium chloride = 0.434188 mol

The concentration in mol/L = number of mol/ volume of the solution

The concentration in mol/L = 0.434188 mol/ 100 × 10⁻³ L

The concentration in mol/L =  4.34188 mol/L

The concentration in mol/L =  4.342 mol/L

For a sample of stomach acid that is 2.02×10−2 M in HCl, how many moles of HCl are in 14.6 mL of the stomach acid?

Answers

Answer:

0.0002949 moles

Explanation:

Concentration = 2.02×10−2 M

Volume = 14.6 mL = 0.0146 L (Upon converting to litres)

Number of moles = ?

These variables are related by the fllowing equation;

Concentration = Number of moles / Volume

Number of moles = Concentration * Volume

Number of moles = 2.02×10−2 * 0.0146 = 0.0002949 moles

For an ideal gas condition, what is the mass (g) of N2 if the pressure is 2.0 atm, the volume is 25 mL and the temperature is 290 Kelvin.

Answers

Answer:

THE MASS OF NITROGEN GAS IN THIS CONDITIONS IS 0.0589 g

Explanation:

In an ideal condition

PV = nRT or PV = MRT/ MM where:

M = mass = unknown

MM =molar mass = 28 g/mol

P = pressure = 2 atm

V = volume = 25 mL = 0.025 L

R = gas constant = 0.082 L atm/mol K

T = temperature = 290 K

n = number of moles

The gas in the question is nitrogen gas

Molar mass of nitrogen gas = 14 * 2 = 28 g/mol

Then equating the variables and solving for M, we have

M = PV MM/ RT

M = 2 * 0.025 * 28 / 0.082 * 290

M = 1.4 / 23.78

M = 0.0589 g

The mass of the nitrogen gas at ideal conditions of 2 atm, 25 mL volume and 290 K temperature is 0.0589 g

If for a particular process, ΔH=308 kJmol and ΔS=439 Jmol K, in what temperature range will the process be spontaneous?

Answers

Answer:

The process will be spontaneous above 702 K.

Explanation:

Step 1: Given data

Standard enthalpy of the reaction (ΔH°): 308 kJ/molStandard entropy of the reaction (ΔS°): 439 J/mol.K

Step 2: Calculate the temperature range in which the process will be spontaneous

The reaction will be spontaneous when the standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) is negative. We can calculate ΔG° using the following expression.

ΔG° = ΔH° - T × ΔS°

When ΔG° < 0,

ΔH° - T × ΔS° < 0

ΔH° < T × ΔS°

T > ΔH°/ΔS°

T > (308,000 J/mol)/(439 J/mol.K)

T > 702 K

The process will be spontaneous above 702 K.

plsssss help!!! Deep Space 1 was a spacecraft powered by an engine that gave off xenon particles to change velocity. It had a mass of 500 kg. Which expression can be used to find the spacecraft’s acceleration if its engine created a net force of 0.10 N? A) 0.10 N 500 kg B) 500 kg · 0.10 N C) 500 kg 0.10 N D) 500 kg + 0.10 N

Answers

Answer:

Spacecraft’s acceleration (a) = 0.10 N / 500 kg

Explanation:

Given:

Mass of Spacecraft (M) = 500 Kg

Force generate by engine (F) = 0.10 N

Find:

Spacecraft’s acceleration (a)

Computation:

F = Ma

0.10 = 500 (a)

a = 0.10 / 500

Spacecraft’s acceleration (a) = 0.10 N / 500 kg

The expression which can be used to find the spacecraft’s acceleration if its engine created a net force of 0.10 N is  0.10 N/500Kg.

We know that force is the product of the mass a body and its acceleration. The result of motion is the action of an unbalanced force. We have the following information;

Mass of the spacecraft = 500 kg

Force on the engine =  0.10 N

From Newton's law;

F = ma

F = force

m = mass

a = acceleration

a = F/m

acceleration = 0.10 N/500Kg

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A microwave oven heats by radiating food with microwave radiation, which is absorbed by the food and converted to heat. If the radiation wavelength is 12.5 cm, how many photons of this radiation would be required to heat a container with 0.250 L of water from a temperature of 20.0oC to a temperature of 99oC

Answers

Answer:

The total photons required for this radiation = 5.1938 × 10²⁸ photons

Explanation:

Given that:

A microwave oven heats by radiating food with microwave radiation, which is absorbed by the food and converted to heat.

If the radiation wavelength is 12.5 cm,

density of water = 1g/cm³

volume of the container = 0.250 L = 250 cm³

density = mass/volume

mass of the water = density × volume

mass of the water =  1g/cm³  × 250 cm³

mass of the water = 250 g

specific heat capacity of water = 4.182 J/g°C

The change in temperature was from 20.0° C to 99° C

ΔT =( 99 -20.0)° C

ΔT = 79.0° C

The heat absorbed in the process is calculated by using the formula,

q = mcΔT

q = 250 g × 4.182 J/g°C ×  79.0° C

q = 82594.5 Joules

Recall that the radiation wavelength λ = 12.5 cm = 0.125 m

The amount of energy of one photon of the radiation wavelength is determined by using the formula:

E = hv  

since v = c/λ

E = hc/λ

where;

h = Planck's constant = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J.s

c = velocity of light = 3.0 × 10⁸ m/s

E = (6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J.s × 3.0 × 10⁸ m/s)/ 0.125 m

E = 1.59024⁻²⁴ Joules

The total photons required for this radiation = total heat energy/energy of radiation

The total photons required for this radiation = 82594.5 Joules/1.59024⁻²⁴ Joules

The total photons required for this radiation = 5.1938 × 10²⁸ photons

g If the titration of a 10.0-mL sample of sulfuric acid requires 28.15 mL of 0.100 M sodium hydroxide, what is the molarity of the acid

Answers

Answer:

[tex]M_{acid}=0.141M[/tex]

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, the reaction between sulfuric acid and hydroxide is:

[tex]H_2SO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O[/tex]

We can notice a 1:2 molar ratio between the acid and the base respectively, therefore, at the equivalence point we have:

[tex]2*n_{acid}=n_{base}[/tex]

And in terms of volumes and concentrations:

[tex]2*M_{acid}V_{acid}=M_{base}V_{base}[/tex]

So we compute the molarity of sulfuric acid as shown below:

[tex]M_{acid}=\frac{M_{base}V_{base}}{2*V_{acid}} =\frac{0.100M*28.15mL}{2*10.0mL}\\ \\M_{acid}=0.141M[/tex]

Best regards.

Calculate ΔS∘rxn for the balanced chemical equation 2H2S(g)+3O2(g)→2H2O(g)+2SO2(g) Express the entropy change to four significant figures and include the appropriate units.

Answers

Answer:

-170.65

188.8+ 256.8-205.8-(2x205.2)

-170.65 is the entropy change.

What is Entropy Change?

Entropy trade is the phenomenon that is the measure of change of disorder or randomness in a thermodynamic gadget. It is associated with the conversion of heat or enthalpy completed in work. A thermodynamic device that has extra randomness means it has high entropy.

Subtract the sum of the absolute entropies of the reactants from the sum of the absolute entropies of the products, each extended by using their suitable stoichiometric coefficients, to reap ΔS° for the reaction.

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If sulfur gained another electron, would its charge be positive or negative?
Explain your thinking. *

Answers

Answer:

AS WE KNOW THAT , when non-metallic elements gain electrons to form anions, SO sulphur is non metal and have the capacity to gain two electrons as lies in 6th group so it can gain electron and become sulphide ion(S-).

Thanks for asking question

Explanation:

If 11.2 g of naphthalene, C10H8, is dissolved in 107.8 g of chloroform, CHCl3, what is the molality of the solution

Answers

Answer:

CHC12

Explanation:

i am not really sure i am onna do a quick research 4 u tho

What is the concentration of MgSO4 in a solution prepared by dissolving 30g MgSO4 in 500ml distilled water. Express concentration in
(i)ppm
(ii) %w/v
(iii) %w/w
Assume the solution density is 1.15g/ml.​

Answers

Answer:

Concentration of MgSO4 = 0.0521 × 10⁶ ppmConcentration of MgSO4 = 6% w/vConcentration of MgSO4 = 5.21% w/w

Explanation:

Given:

Mass of solute = 30 gram

Volume of water = 500 ml

Density = 1.15g/ml

Find:

(i)ppm

(ii) %w/v

(iii) %w/w

Computation:

Water in gram = 500 ml × 1.15 g/ml

Water in gram = 575 gram

In ppm

Concentration of MgSO4 = [30 / 575] × 10⁶

Concentration of MgSO4 = 0.0521 × 10⁶ ppm

in % w/v

Concentration of MgSO4 = [30 / 500] × 100

Concentration of MgSO4 = 6% w/v

in % w/w

Concentration of MgSO4 = [30 / 575] × 100

Concentration of MgSO4 = 5.21% w/w

The standard free energy change for a reaction can be calculated using the equation ΔG∘′=−nFΔE∘′ ΔG∘′=−nFΔE∘′ where nn is the number of electrons transferred, FF is Faraday's constant, 96.5 kJ·mol−1·V−1, and ΔE∘′ΔE∘′ is the difference in reduction potential. For each of the given reactions, determine the number of electrons transferred (n)(n) and calculate standard free energy (ΔG∘′)(ΔG∘′) . Consider the half-reactions and overall reaction for reaction 1. half-reactions:fumarate 2−+2H+CoQH2↽−−⇀succinate−↽−−⇀CoQ+2H+ half-reactions:fumarate−+2H+↽−−⇀succinate2−CoQH2↽−−⇀CoQ+2H+ overall reaction:fumarate2−+CoQH2↽−−⇀succinate2−+CoQΔE∘′=−0.009 V

Answers

Answer:

ΔG°′ = 1.737 KJ/mol

Explanation:

The reaction involves the transfer of two electrons in the form of hydride ions from reduced coenzyme Q, CoQH₂ to fumarae to form succinate and oxidized coenzyme Q, CoQ.

The overall equation of reaction is as follows:

fumarate²⁻ + CoQH₂ ↽⇀ succinate²⁻ + CoQ ;    ΔE∘′=−0.009 V

Using the equation  for standard free energy change; ΔG°′ = −nFΔE°′

where n = 2; F = 96.5 KJ.V⁻¹.mol⁻¹; ΔE°′ = 0.009 V

ΔG°′ = - 2 * 96.5 KJ.V⁻¹.mol⁻¹ * 0.009 V

ΔG°′ = 1.737 KJ/mol

If the heat released during condensation goes only to warming the iron block, what is the final temperature (in ∘C) of the iron block? (Assume a constant enthalpy of vaporization for water of 44.0 kJ/mol and a heat capacity for iron of 0.449 J⋅g−1⋅∘C−1.)

Answers

Answer:

[tex]91°C[/tex]

Explanation:

CHECK THE COMPLETE QUESTION BELOW;

Suppose that 0.95 g of water condenses on a 75.0 g block of iron that is initially at 22 °c. if the heat released during condensation is used only to warm the iron block, what is the final temperature (in °c) of the iron block? (assume a constant enthalpy of vaporization for water of 44.0 kj/mol.)

Heat capacity which is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of an object or a substance by one degree

From the question, it was said that that 0.95 g of water condenses on the block thenwe know that Heat evolved during condensation is equal to the heat absorbed by iron block.

Then number of moles =given mass/ molecular mass

Molecular mass of water= 18 g/mol

Given mass= 0.95 g

( 0.95 g/18 g/mol)

= 0.053 moles

Then Heat evolved during condensation = moles of water x Latent heat of vaporization

Q= heat absorbed or released

H=enthalpy of vaporization for water

n= number of moles

Q=nΔH

Q = 0.053 moles x 44.0 kJ/mol

= 2.322 Kj

=2322J

We can now calculate Heat gained by Iron block

Q = mCΔT

m = mass of substance

c = specific heat capacity

=change in temperature

m = 75 g

c = 0.450 J/g/°C

If we substitute into the above formula we have

Q= 75 x 0.450 x ΔT

2322 = 75 x 0.450 x ΔT

ΔT = 68.8°C

Since we know the difference in temperature, we can calculate the final temperature

ΔT = T2 - T1

T1= Initial temperature = 22°C

T2= final temperature

ΔT= change in temperature

T2 = T1+ ΔT

= 68.8 + 22

= 90.8 °C

=91°C

Therefore, final temperature is [tex]91°C[/tex]

The final temperature of the iron block is 91∘C.

Given that;

Heat lost during condensation of the water = Heat gained by iron block

Mass of water(mw) = 0.95 g

Latent heat of vaporization =  Latent heat of condensation(L) = 44.0 kJ/mol

Mass of iron(mi) = 75.0 g

Initial temperature of iron(T1) =  22∘C

Final temperature of iron(T2) = ?

Heat capacity of iron(ci) =  0.449 J⋅g−1⋅∘C−1

So;

mwL = mici(T2 - T1)

Substituting values;

(0.95g/18g/mol) ×  44.0 × 10^3(J/mol) = 75.0(g) × 0.449 J⋅g−1⋅∘C−1 (T2 - 22∘C)

2322.2 = 33.7T2 - 741.4

2322.2 +  741.4 = 37.4T2

T2 = (2322.2 +  741.4)/ 33.7

T2 =91∘C

Missing parts;

Suppose that 0.95 g of water condenses on a 75.0 g block of iron that is initially at 22 °c. if the heat released during condensation is used only to warm the iron block, what is the final temperature (in °c) of the iron block? (assume a constant enthalpy of vaporization for water of 44.0 kj/mol.)

Learn more: https://brainly.com/question/9352088

A 1.2 L weather balloon on the ground has a temperature of 25°C and is at atmospheric pressure (1.0 atm). When it rises to an elevation where the pressure is 0.73 atm, then the new volume is 1.8 L. What is the temperature (in °C) of the air at this elevation?

Answers

Answer:

The temperature of the air at this given elevation will be 53.32425°C

Explanation:

We can calculate the final temperature through the combined gas law. Therefore we will need to know 1 ) The initial volume, 2 ) The initial temperature, 3 ) Initial Pressure, 4 ) Final Volume, 5 ) Final Pressure.

Initial Volume = 1.2 L ; Initial Temperature = 25°C = 298.15 K ; Initial pressure = 1.0 atm  ; Final Volume = 1.8 L ; Final pressure = 0.73 atm  

We have all the information we need. Now let us substitute into the following formula, and solve for the final temperature ( T[tex]_2[/tex] ),

P[tex]_1[/tex]V[tex]_1[/tex] / T[tex]_1[/tex] = P[tex]_2[/tex]V[tex]_2[/tex] / T[tex]_2[/tex],

T[tex]_2[/tex] = P[tex]_2[/tex]V[tex]_2[/tex]T[tex]_1[/tex] / P[tex]_1[/tex]V[tex]_1[/tex],

T[tex]_2[/tex] = 0.73 atm [tex]*[/tex] 1.8 L [tex]*[/tex] 298.15 K / 1 atm [tex]*[/tex] 1.2 L = ( 0.73 [tex]*[/tex] 1.8 [tex]*[/tex] 298.15 / 1 [tex]*[/tex] 1.2 ) K = 326.47425 K,

T[tex]_2[/tex] = 326.47425 K = 53.32425 C

A particular reaction at constant pressure is spontaneous at 390K. The enthalpy change for this reaction is +23.7kJ. What can you conclude about the sign and magnitude of ΔS for this reaction?a. smallb. largec. + smalld. + largee. 0.0

Answers

Answer:

+ small

Explanation:

The entropy is obtained from;

∆S= ∆H/T

Where;

∆S= entropy of the system

∆H= enthalpy if the system = +23.7 KJ

T= absolute temperature of the system = 390 K

∆S= 23.7 ×10^3/390 = 60.8 JK^-

There is a small positive change in entropy.

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