Answer:
The value of the stock today is $20
Explanation:
Using the CAPM equation, we first calculate the required rate of retunr on the stock.
The equation for CAPM is,
r = rRF + Beta * rpM
Where,
rRF is the risk free raterpM is the risk premium on marketBeta * rpM is the risk premium on stockr = 0.05 + 0.04
r = 0.09 or 9%
The value of the stock can be calculated using the zero growth model of DDM. The DDM values the stock based on the present value of the expected future dividends from the stock. As the dividend from the stock is expected to remain constant through out to an indefinite period, the value of the stock today is,
P0 = Dividend / r
P0 = 1.8 / 0.09
P0 = $20
Norwood, Inc. signs a , %, sixmonth note dated November 1, 2018. The interest expense recorded for this note in 2018 will be ________. (Do not round any intermediate calculations, and round your final answer to the nearest dollar.)
Answer:
Norwood Company
Norwood Company signs a $11,000, 8.5%, six-month note dated November 1, 2018. The interest expense recorded for this note in 2018 will be ___$156_____. (Do not round any intermediate calculations, and round your final answer to the nearest dollar.)
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Note Payable = $11,000
Interest rate = 8.5%
Interest expense for a year = 8.5% of $11,000 = $935
Interest expense for 2 months (from November to December) = $935/12 * 2 = $156
b) Interest expense represents the annual expense that must be incurred for the use of resources which the Norwood, Inc. obtained through the signing of the six month note. Interest on notes are computed based on an annual basis unless otherwise stated. The 8.5% is per annum. So, when the interest and principal are being repaid in six month's time, Norwood, Inc. should have accrued interest for six months, which will amount to $467.
Do your shopping behavior and purchase criteria differ between purchases made for yourself and purchases made as gifts? How?
Explanation:
Yes, as purchasing behavior and purchasing criteria tend to vary according to the reason for the purchase.
The consumer purchase decision process begins by identifying a need, searching for available information about the purchase need found, evaluating the options available for purchase and finally buying decision. And this process varies according to the type of purchase, if it is for yourself, you can consider different benefits and options, when a purchase is made to be a gift, you can have different criteria in relation to the price you want to pay, the preferences and needs of the person who will receive the gift, etc.
Which means that sellers must create different strategies for each purchase situation, in order to positively influence the purchase process for a gift, if that is the case.
The following information is available for Blossom Corporation for 2020.1. Depreciation reported on the tax return exceeded depreciation reported on the income statement by $124,000. This difference will reverse in equal amounts of $31,000 over the years 2021–2024.2. Interest received on municipal bonds was $9,300.3. Rent collected in advance on January 1, 2020, totaled $64,200 for a 3-year period. Of this amount, $42,800 was reported as unearned at December 31, 2020, for book purposes.4. The tax rates are 40% for 2020 and 35% for 2021 and subsequent years.5. Income taxes of $297,000 are due per the tax return for 2020.6. No deferred taxes existed at the beginning of 2020.Requried:Prepare the income tax expense section of the income statement for 2020.
Answer:
first we must determine taxable income = due income taxes / tax rate = $297,000 / 0.4 = $742,500
interest received on municipal bonds $9,300
unearned rent revenue = $42,800
deferred tax asset = $42,800 x 0.4 = $17,120
total pretax financial income = $742,500 + $9,300 + $124,000 - $42,800 = $833,000
deferred tax liability = $124,000 x .4 = $49,600
Income tax expense section
For the year ended December 31, 2020
Total pretax financial income $833,000
Income tax expense:
Income taxes $297,000Deferred tax liability $49,600Deferred tax asset -$17,120 -$329,480Net income $503,520
A coworker of Connor's recommends that she maximize the shelf space devoted to those drinks with the highest contribution margin per case. Do you agree with this recommendation? Explain briefly.
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
Ultimately I agree with the recommendation that has been given by Connor's coworker. By maximizing the shelf space specifically devoted to these drinks it will cause two things to happen. First, customers will mostly notice those drinks which will entice them to buy those drinks instead of the ones they cannot see. The second is that since customers are buying more of these drinks, the increase in sales will also increase profits, but since these items contribution margins are significantly higher than the others, it will cause profits to drastically increase.
In response to the financial crisis, the Fed and the U.S. Treasury took all of the following policy actions except _______.
a. lowering tax rates on commercial bank profits
b. The Troubled Asset Relief Program
Answer: lowering tax rates on commercial bank profits
Explanation:
The financial crisis which is also widely called the global meltdown was caused as a result of the financial indutry deregulation.
The goal of TARP was to strengthen the banks, and improve market stability. Lowering tax rates on commercial bank profits wasn't part of the action used by the government.
Harry and Sally formed the Evergreen partnership by contributing the following assets in exchange for a 50 percent capital and profits interest in the partnership.
Basis Fair Market Value Harry:
Cash $30,000 $30,000
Land $100,000 $120,000
Totals $130,000 $150,000
Sally:
Equipment used in business $200,000 $150,000
Totals $200,000 $150,000
a. How much gain or loss will Harry recognize on the contribution?
b. How much gain or loss will Sally recognize on the contribution?
c. Should Sally consider selling the property to the partnership rather than contributing it?
A. Yes
B. No
Answer:
a) $0
Generally, partners recognize gain on property contributed to a partnership only when the cash they are deemed to receive from debt relief exceeds their basis in the partnership prior to the deemed distribution. Harry did not have any debt relief.
b) $0.
Partners may never recognize loss when property is contributed to a partnership even when they are relieved of debt.
c) Sally should consider selling the property to the partnership rather than contributing it. By selling the property, she could recognize the $50,000 built-in loss on the equipment.
Morganton Company makes one product and it provided the following information to help prepare the master budget:The budgeted selling price per unit is $70. Budgeted unit sales for June, July, August, and September are 8,500, 16,000, 18,000, and 19,000 units What is the accounts receivable balance at the end of July?
Answer:
$672,000
Explanation:
The computation of the account receivable balance at the end of July month is shown below:
Particular June July August September
Unit sales 8,500 16,000 18,000 19,000
Unit selling
price $70 $70 $70 $70
Sales $595,000 $1,120,000 $1,260,000 $1,330,000
Credit sales collection
40% in this
month sale $238,000 $448,000 $504,000 $532,000
60% in the
following month $357,000 $672,000 $756,000
Total collection $238,000 $805,000 $1,176,000 $1,288,000
For the account receivable at the end of July we considered the 60% oustanding amount i.e $672,000
Long Market Value: $48,000 Short Market Value: $18,000 Debit: $25,000 Credit: $25,000 SMA: $3,000 Interest charges on the account are based on a balance of:____.A. 0.B. $3,000.C. $25,000.D. $50,000.
Answer:
C. $25,000
Explanation:
The interest charges on the account(margin) are based on the debit balance in the account. Also, credits that came as a result of short sales are usually not matched off against debits in the account, hence interest charges is based on the $25,000 debit balance.
A person who enters into a contract when he or she is intoxicated can void the contract if the terms are obviously favorable to the other party.
a. true
b. false
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
A contract can be defined as an agreement between two or more parties (group of people) which gives rise to a mutual legal obligation or enforceable by law.
A person who enters into a contract when he or she is intoxicated cannot void the contract even if the terms are obviously favorable to the other party.
By law, an individual can void a contract entered into while under the influence of alcohol or intoxicated, only if he or she doesn't understand or comprehend the legal consequences binding on the parties involved in the contract.
Hence, a contract is legally binding and enforceable even if one of the parties was intoxicated at the time of its formation.
Media selection problems can maximize exposure quality and use number of customers reached as a constraint, or maximize the number of customers reached and use exposure quality as a constraint.
A. True
B. False
Media selection problems can maximize exposure quality and use the number of customers reached as a constraint, or maximize the number of customers reached and use exposure quality as a constraint. Thus the statement is True.
What is Media?Media is referred to as a medium of communication used to exchange information about events happening in the world. This provides information about the issues and challenges rising in the world and creates awareness among the public.
These issues can utilize the number of customers reached as a limitation and can enhance exposure quality by determining how commonly to use each media source. The value of the objective function will be modified by the dual price sum of the restrictions.
Therefore, the statement is True.
Learn more about Media, here:
https://brainly.com/question/14047162
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A publishing company sells 1,250,000 copies of certain books each year. It costs the company $1 to store each book for a year. Each time it must print additional copies, it costs the company $250 to set up the presses. How many books should the company produce during each printing in order to minimize its total storage and setup costs
Answer:
The Company should produce 25,000 books
Explanation:
The production size that minimizes total storage and setup costs is known as the optimum batch size.
Optimum batch size = √(2 × Annual Production Demand × Set up Cost) / Storage Cost per unit
= √ (2 × 1,250,000 × $250) / $1
= 25,000 books
Conclusion :
The Company should produce 25,000 books during each printing in order to minimize its total storage and setup costs.
Oslo Company prepared the following contribution format income statement based on a sales volume of 1,000 units (the relevant range of production is 500 units to 1,500 units): Sales $ 20,000 Variable expenses 12,000 Contribution margin 8,000 Fixed expenses 6,000 Net operating income $ 2,000 Required: 1. What is the contribution margin per unit
Answer:
Unitary contribution margin= $8
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Sales $ 20,000
Variable expenses 12,000
Contribution margin 8,000
To calculate the unitary contribution margin, we need to use the following formula:
Unitary contribution margin= total contribution margin / total units
Unitary contribution margin= 8,000 / 1,000
Unitary contribution margin= $8
Company A was sued by Company B. The management of Company A feels that it is probable that it will have to pay the full amount to Company 8. What is the effect of this contingent event on Company A's accounting equation?
a. Increase liabilities and decrease stockholders' equity.
b. Increase assets and increase stockholders' equity.
c. No effect on the accounting equation.
d. Decrease assets and decrease liabilities.
Answer: a. Increase liabilities and decrease stockholders' equity.
Explanation:
Contingent Liabilities are obligations that the company may owe if a future event happens such as them being ruled against in a case in court.
Contingent Liabilities are to be recorded in the financial statements only when it is probable that it will happen and that the amount to be paid is reasonably estimable.
Company A's management feels like the loss is probable and that they would have to pay the full amount to company B which means that the loss is both likely and estimable.
Company A should therefore increase their liabilities and debit loss which will come from the Equity thereby reducing it.
Jerry, a partner with 30 percent capital and profits interest, received his Schedule K-1 from Plush Pillows, LP. At the beginning of the year, Jerry's tax basis in his partnership interest was $44,000. His current-year Schedule K-1 reported an ordinary loss of $9,000, long-term capital gain of $4,600, qualified dividends of $3,600, $2,100 of non-deductible expenses, a $26,000 cash contribution, and a reduction of $5,600 in his share of partnership debt. What is Jerry's adjusted basis in his partnership interest (outside basis) at the end of the year
Answer: $61,500
Explanation:
Jerry's adjusted basis in his partnership interest at the end of the year is determined by adding his cash contributions, long-term capital gain, and qualified dividends to the original tax basis.
There will also be deductions of the non-deductible expenses, ordinary loss and his share of the reduction in partnership debt.
Jerry's adjusted basis at the end of the year = ( 44,000 + 26,000 + 3,600 4,600) - ( 2,100 + 9,000 + 5,600)
= 78,200 - 16,700
= $61,500
Legacy issues $640,000 of 8.5%, four-year bonds dated January 1, 2017, that pay interest semiannually on June 30 and December 31. They are issued at $570,443 and their market rate is 12% at the issue date.
Required:
Record the issue of bonds with a par value of $640,000 cash on January 1, 2017 at an issue price of $570,443.
Answer:
Debit Credit
Jan 1 2017
Cash 570,443
Discount on bond 69,557
Bond payable account 640,000
For the issue of bonds on discount
Explanation:
Legacy sold the bonds at a discount .A bond is said to be sold at a discount if it is sold at a price less that its face value. The difference is called the discount.
To record the issuance of a bond at discount, the following accounts would be used :
Cash account- to record the amount received from the issuanceDiscount on bonds- this a contra-liability account to record the discount on the issueBond payable account : Another liability account to record the face value or principal amount of the bond.Discount on bond = 640,000 - 570,443 = 69,557
Accounting entries:
Debit Credit
Jan 1 2017
Cash 570,443
Discount on bond 69,557
Bond payable account 640,000
For the issue of bonds on discount
Note that the cash account was debited to increase the asset value and the the bond payable account credit to recognize an increase in liability.
The manager of a savings and loan branch wants to estimate the average amount held in passbook savings accounts by the branch bank depositors. A random sample of 25 depositors is selected, and the results indicate a sample average of $4,750 and a sample standard deviation of $1,200. Given the 95% confidence interval estimates calculated above, if an individual had $4,000 ina passbook savings account, is this considered unusual?
a. Yes
b. Maybe
c. Do not know
d. No
Answer:
Correct answer:
d. No
Explanation:
This is because, from the random sample that was done, it shows that the average money held by customers falls within $3550 - $5950 which averages $4750 (Factoring in the standard deviation of $1200). Therefore, it is not considered unusual if an individual had $4000 since it falls within the range of amount held by most depositors and customers of the said bank.
________is/are designed specifically to help bring customers eyeball-to-eyeball with the product, often at the point of sale or close to it.
Answer: Exhibitive Media
Explanation:
This type of media aims to strike a bond between the potential buyer and the product by engaging them eyeball-to-eyeball, often at the point of sale or close to it. The purpose of Exhibitive media is therefore to showcase the product to the prospective buyer.
Examples include;
Product Packaging - here the package is designed in such a way that it grabs the viewer's attention and makes them interested in tying to find out more about the product. It will also explain the benefits associated with the product briefly. Trade Shows and exhibits - Here sales people talk to prospective customers and demonstrate to them the workings of the product. The prospective customer can then ask questions to know more about the products, and etc.What is the expected return if a firm has a payout ratio of 0.4, a return on equity of 25%, and a dividend yield of 15%
Answer:
The expected return on stock is 30%
Explanation:
Growth rate = Return on Equity * Retention ratio
Growth rate = Return on Equity * (1- Payout ratio)
Growth rate = 25% * (1 - 0.40)
Growth rate = 0.25 * 0.60
Growth rate = 0.15
Growth rate = 15%
Hence, Expected return = Dividend return + Growth rate
Expected return = 15% + 15%
Expected return = 30%
Therefore, the expected return on stock is 30%
You purchased 100 shares of stock for $5 per share. After holding the stock for 8 years and not recieving any dividends, you sell the stock for $42 per share. What are the holding period and annual return on this investment?
a. 185%, 14.42%
b. 920%, 41.63%
c. 740%, 30.48%
d. 625%, 27.66%
Answer:
The answer is C.
Explanation:
The formula for holding period is:
(Future value/present value) - 1
Future value = $42 per share
Present Value = $5 per share
(42/5) - 1
=8.4 - 1
7.4
Expressed as a percentage:
740%
B. Annual return on investment
(1+AHP)^(1/n) - 1
Where AHP is the annual holding period
n is the number of years
[(1+7.4)^(1/8)] - 1
[8.4^ 0.125] - 1
1.3048 - 1
0.3048
Expressed as a percentage
30.48%
________ and currency risks are to key country success factors as land costs and ________ are to key region success factors. Labor costs; exchange rates Exchange rates; environmental impact Location of markets; climate Land costs; air and rail systems Cultural issues; zoning restrictions
Answer:
A.Labor cost; proximity to customers
Explanation:
The key country success factors would be responsible for the country success i.e. labor cost and for the factors related to region success is the customer proximity i.e to become important for business success
Therefore the correct answer is labor cost and the customer proximity
Hence all the other options are incorrect
The following information pertains to Hopson Co.'s pension plan: Actuarial estimate of projected benefit obligation at 1/1/13 $72,000 Assumed discount rate 10% Service costs for 2013 $28,000 Pension benefits paid during 2013 $15,000 If no change in actuarial estimates occurred during 2013, Hopson's projected benefit obligation at December 31, 2013 was
Answer:
$92,200
Explanation:
Calculation for Hopson's projected benefit obligation at December 31, 2015
Using this formula
Projected benefit obligation=Actuarial estimate of projected benefit obligation + Service costs +(Actuarial estimate of projected benefit obligation × Discount rate)- Pension benefit
Let plug in the formula
Projected benefit obligation= $72,000 + $28,000 + ($72,000 × .10) -$15,000
Projected benefit obligation=$72,000 + $28,000 + $7,200-$15,000
Projected benefit obligation= $107,200-$15,000
Projected benefit obligation=$92,200
Therefore Hopson's projected benefit obligation at December 31, 2015 will be $92,200
Radison Enterprises sells a product for $102 per unit. The variable cost is $58 per unit, while fixed costs are $758,912. Determine (a) the break-even point in sales units and (b) the break-even point if the selling price were increased to $107 per unit.
Answer:
Results are below.
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Radison Enterprises sells a product for $102 per unit.
The variable cost is $58 per unit, while fixed costs are $758,912.
To calculate the break-even point in units, we need to use the following formula:
Break-even point in units= fixed costs/ contribution margin per unit
Break-even point in units= 758,912 / (102 - 58)
Break-even point in units= 17,248 units
Now, the selling price is $107:
Break-even point in units= 758,912 / (107 - 58)
Break-even point in units= 15,488 units
Assume the global economy consists of just two trading partners, the United States and Europe. Determine whether each scenario below corresponds to the United States having a trade deficit, balanced trade, or a trade surplus. U.S. Trade deficit.
a. The value of European assets purchased by Americans exceeds that of American assets purchased by Europeans.
b. In the United States, the sum of private savings and government savings is less than private investment.
c. Europeans purchase more goods and services from the United States than Americans purchase from Europe.
d. Net foreign investment for the United States is positive.
e. Net exports for Europe arc zero.
f. Exports from the United States equal imports into the United States.
Answer:
United States and Europe
Determination of United States having a trade deficit, balanced trade, or a trade surplus:
a. Trade surplus (investment surplus)
b. No effect on trade surplus or deficit
c. Trade surplus
d. Investment surplus
e. Balanced trade
f. Balanced trade
Explanation:
The United States experiences a trade surplus when its exports to Europe is higher than the imports from Europe, whether it is for goods, services, or investments.
On the other hand, the United States will experience a trade deficit when its imports from Europe are more than its export to Europe.
The US and Europe will have some advantages and disadvantages to having a trade deficit or surplus. When the US experiences a surplus, the exchange rate between the two continents increases in favor of the US. However, there will a reduction of the competitiveness of the US exports as higher prices will be incurred by Europe for US exports.
on its advertisement, a company claims that it has funds in its possession that are in fact not available for payment of losses or claims. the company is guilty of
Answer:
Misrepresentation.
Explanation:
In this scenario, on its advertisement, a company claims that it has funds in its possession that are in fact not available for payment of losses or claims. The company is guilty of misrepresentation.
Misrepresentation can be defined as an untrue or misleading statement of fact made by a party to an individual or group of people to deceitfully lure or induce them to go into a contract. A company stating in its advert that it has funds in its possession but in the true sense or actual fact do not have the funds for payment of losses or claims; such a company is engaging in a fraudulent act and is liable to prosecution in any court of competent jurisdiction.
Read Case Study 5:2 Gas or Grouse? in Chapter 5 of your textbook Business Ethics Concepts & Cases (8th Edition) by Manuel G. Velasquez and select the best answer for multiple choice questions below.
1. the spending bill was:
a. not necessary for the adjudication of Gas
b. passed by a largely republican congress
c. one of the most important milestones for emissions in the last century
d. the nickname of a politician that overspent funds by the name of William
2. BLM argued that:
a. it is important to treat everybody with respect
b. not everybody deserves an opportunity
c. gas emissions are important inter-globally
d. a significant decline in deer was a cause of action
3. The directional technology to drill was between:
a.$400,000 - $600,000
b. democrats and republicans
c. scientists and physicists
d. the period of 2008-2013
4. Grouse could be affected by:
a. folic acid in the air
b. excavation for silver and coal
c. overpopulation of Grouse
d. things that attract ravens
5. A decline in number of birds resulted because of
a. destruction of grounds for mating
b. 80% of nesting was destroyed
c. poor government internal controls
d. necessary bird control
Answer:
1-b
2-d
3-a
4-d
5-a
Explanation:
Answer:
blm :)
Explanation:
Webb, Inc. uses a flexible budget for manufacturing overhead based on machine hours. Variable manufacturing overhead costs per machine hour are as follows: Indirect labor $5.00 Indirect materials 2.50 Maintenance .50 Utilities .30 Fixed overhead costs per month are: Supervision $1,200 Insurance 400 Property taxes 600 Depreciation 1,800 The company believes it will normally operate in a range of 4,000 to 8,000 machine hours per month. During the month of August, 2019, the company incurs the following manufacturing overhead costs: Indirect labor $28,000 Indirect materials 16,200 Maintenance 2,800 Utilities 1,900 Supervision 1,440 Insurance 400 Property taxes 600 Depreciation 1,860 Prepare a flexible budget report, assuming that the company used 6,000 machine hours during August.
Answer:
Variable overhead costs per machine hour:
Indirect labor $5.00 Indirect materials $2.50 Maintenance $0.50 Utilities $0.30Total $8.30Fixed overhead costs:
Supervision $1,200 Insurance $400 Property taxes $600 Depreciation $1,800 Total $4,000Flexible Actual Spending
budget expenses variances
Variable costs:
Indirect labor $30,000 $28,000 $2,000 FIndirect materials $15,000 $16,200 $1,200 UMaintenance $3,000 $2,800 $200 FUtilities $1,800 $1,900 $100 UTotal $49,800 $48,900 $900 FFixed costs:
Supervision $1,200 $1,440 $240 UInsurance $400 $400 $0Property taxes $600 $600 $0Depreciation $1,800 $1,860 $60 UTotal $4,000 $4,300 $300 UTotal costs $53,800 $52,300 $600 F
Rule 103 of Regulation M requires that a market maker in a stock that is also a syndicate member in an "add-on" offering of that issue, during the 20-day cooling off period:__________
The available options are:
A. can only place a stabilizing bid at, or below the Public Offering Price
B. can only position trade the stock
C. cannot fill any orders for that security
D. can either resign as a market maker or can act as a passive market maker
Answer:
can either resign as a market maker or can act as a passive market maker
Explanation:
Rule 103 of Regulation which deals with Limits On Syndicate Members who are Market Makers requires that a market maker in a stock that is also a syndicate member in an "add-on" offering of that issue, during the 20-day cooling off period "can either resign as a market maker or can act as a passive market maker."
Hence, in this case, the correct answer is "can either resign as a market maker or can act as a passive market maker."
Justin and Lauren are equal partners in the PJenn Partnership. The partners formed the partnership seven years ago by contributing cash. Prior to any distributions, the partners have the following bases in their partnership interests:
Partner Outside Basis
Justin $22,000
Lauren 22,000
On December 31 of the current year, the partnership makes a pro rata operating distribution of:
Partner Distribution
Justin Cash $25,000
Lauren Cash $18000
Property 9,000 (FMV)
($2,000 to partnership)
Requried:
a. What is the amount and character of Justin's recognized gain or loss?
b. What is Justin's remaining basis in his partnership interest?
c. What is the amount and character of Lauren's recognized gain or loss?
d. What is Lauren's basis in the distributed assets?
e. What is Lauren's remaining basis in her partnership interest?
Answer:
PJenn Partnership
a. The amount and character of Justin's recognized gain or loss:
Justin has a recognized gain of $3,000 ($25,000 - $22,000). The character of Justin's recognized gain or loss must have substantial economic effect.
b. Justin's remaining basis in his partnership interest = $1,000 ($2,000/2) in the property distribution to the partnership.
c. The amount and character of Lauren's recognized gain or loss:
Lauren has a recognized gain of $3,000 ($25,000 - $22,000). The character of Justin's recognized gain or loss must have substantial economic effect.
d. Lauren's basis in the distributed assets is $22,000, which is her outside basis.
e.Lauren's remaining basis in her partnership interest = $1,000 ($2,000/2) in the property distribution to the partnership.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Partner Outside Basis Partner Distribution
Justin $22,000 $25,000 cash
Lauren 22,000 $18,000 cash + $7,000 in property
Property $2,000 to Partnership
Justin and Lauren's recognized gain or loss is determined by the amount of the sale minus the partner's interest, which is often referred to as the partner's outside basis.
Justin's and Lauren's remaining basis in the partnership is the amount of the fair market value of property remaining after Lauren's share in the property.
Simon Corporation manufactures hydraulic valves. The product life of a valve is 4 years. Target average profit margin for Simon 20.00% The company does not expect the manufacturing cost to vary over the next 4 years. Estimated sales volume and the unit selling price of the valve for the next 4 years is given below: Year Sales volume (units) Unit selling price Year 1 40,000 $80.00 Year 2 50,000 $75.00 Year 3 35,000 $50.00 Year 4 25,000 $45.00 What is the allowable unit cost of a hydraulic valve using the target costing model
Answer:
Allowable unit cost of a hydraulic valve using the target costing model = 52.4
Explanation:
Given that:
Simon Corporation manufactures hydraulic valves. The product life of a valve is 4 years.
Target average profit margin for Simon 20.00%
The company does not expect the manufacturing cost to vary over the next 4 years
Estimated sales volume and the unit selling price of the valve for the next 4 years is given below:
Year Sales volume (units) Unit selling price
Year 1 40,000 $80.00
Year 2 50,000 $75.00
Year 3 35,000 $50.00
Year 4 25,000 $45.00
The objective is to determine the allowable unit cost of a hydraulic valve using the target costing model.
The Cost for each unit selling price can be calculated as:
= unit selling price - (Target average profit margin × unit selling price)
For Year 1
= $80.00- (0.2 × $80.00)
= $80.00 - $16.00
= $64.00
For Year 2
= $75.00 - ( 0.2 × $75.00)
= $75.00 - ( $15.00)
= $60.00
Year 3
= $50.00 - (0.2× $50.00)
= $50.00 - $10.00
= $40.00
Year 4
= $45.00 - (0.2 × $45.00)
=$45.00 - $9.00
= $36.00
Year Sales volume Unit Cost Cost per Unit
(units) selling price
Year 1 40,000 $80.00 $64.00 $2560000
Year 2 50,000 $75.00 $60.00 $3000000
Year 3 35,000 $50.00 $40.00 $1400000
Year 4 25,000 $45.00 $36.00 $900000
Total: 150000 $7860000
Allowable unit cost = Total cost/Total number of unit cost
Allowable unit cost = $7860000/150000
Allowable unit cost = 52.4
Discuss the negative consequences that arise when auditors fail to identify and report going-concern problems.
Answer:
Consequences arising when auditors fail to identify and report on going-concern problems:
1. The purpose of the audit is defeated.
2. Credibility in the audit process and opinion is eroded.
3. Confidence in the efficiency of market information is shattered.
4. Investors and the general public are misinformed and misled.
5. More governmental oversight and regulations will be required.
6. The auditors involved may have their licenses withdrawn and the audit firm could be closed like Arthur Andersen.
Explanation:
For instance, Company A's auditors are always expected to identify and report on going-concern issues of the company. Failure to identify and report on problems affecting going-concern means that Company A could be at the risk of liquidation and auditors still report it as if it were continuing in business for the next foreseeable future. That means that Company A's assets and liabilities are reported in the Balance Sheet as if the business could continue indefinitely, whereas the assets and liabilities should have been reported on a sale-out basis.
The auditors involved in making the wrong conclusion about Company A will be sued with huge damages and their license may be withdrawn, assuming that Company A is unable to survive the next 12 months after being reported on by the auditors.
