A mutation in human ATPase 6, which corresponds to E. coli subunit a, from leucine to arginine at position 156 may allow the movement of protons across the membrane, but not the rotation of the ring of c subunits. How might this possible mechanism affect the function of ATP synthase

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

H+ protons will not be delivered from the cytoplasm towards the extracellular side of the cell membrane

Explanation:

ATP synthases are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphate bonds in the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or the formation of ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and phosphate. The hydrolysis of ATP produces the rotation of a ring composed of six or more structurally different ATPase C subunits. The rotation of this ring enables the delivery of H+ protons towards the extracellular membrane surface and this gradient is used to generate energy by producing ATP. In consequence, when the ATPase ring can not move, H+ will accumulate in the cytoplasm, the proton gradient through the membrane will not occur, and ATP will not be produced.


Related Questions

Which best explains a desirable outcome for energy efficiency? A) a low second law efficiency due to use of a low efficiency furnace B) a high second law efficiency due to use of a low efficiency furnace C) a high second law efficiency due to use of solar panels on the house D) a low second law efficiency due to use of solar panels on the house

Answers

Answer:

C. a high second law efficiency due to use of solar panels on the house.

Explanation:

Second Law efficiency is the rational efficiency that computes the effectiveness of the system relative to its performance. The efficiency measure is the increase in output with the same level of input. Energy efficient system are high second law efficiency. They save electricity and use alternative sources like, solar panels, wind energy and others.

what is the meaning of Alkaline medium in life processes ​

Answers

Answer:

an alkali also can be defined as a base that dissolves in water. a solution of soluble base has a pH greater than 7.0. the adjective alkaline is commonly, an alkalescent less often, used in English as a synonym for basic, especially for bases soluble in water.

Describe the direction of DNA replication. Why is that important?

Answers

Answer:

DNA replication is the process by that DNA make a copy to the cell division.

Explanation:

DNA replication is the double structure to the DNA molecule,it is biological process.DNA replication molecule the serve that template for the production to referred conservative replication.DNA replication occurs living the biological property of division and they performed complementary stand.DNA replication to that begin the specific location and origins in the genome, and growing from the origin.DNA replication is performed to the outside and artificially to the cell,in the DNA molecule.DNA replication is single strand by the DNA chain of nucleotide function, DNA contain the sugar .DNA replication is the basis of single strand to 3 prime and 5 prime  end, these refer to the carbon atom in the chain attaches.DNA replication allow the strand to the one another strand to used in partner strand.DNA replication is to matched in the template strand at one time with the creation of bonds,they high energy bonds.  

How do postprocessual archaeologists approach an artifact? A. They try to discover the time period the artifact came from. B. They seek to derive meaning from the artifact. C. They recreate the artifact in order to study it. D. They try to identify how the artifact has changed over time.

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

c

Postprocessual archaeologists approach an artifact by the fact that they recreate the artifact in order to study it. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.

What is meant by Archaeologists?

Archaeologists may be defined as a type of person who significantly studies and modifies some sorts of the buildings, graves, tools, and other objects of people who lived in the past. They work basically on human history and prehistory through the uncovering of sites.

Postprocessual archaeologists determine the complete movement of the archaeological theory that basically emphasizes the theory that deals with the subjectivity of the interpretation that is made by other kinds of archaeological branches.

Therefore, postprocessual archaeologists approach an artifact by the fact that they recreate the artifact in order to study it. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.

To learn more about Archaeologists, refer to the link:

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what action is a reflex action

Answers

Answer:

A reflex action is an involuntary , quick  response to a stimulus, which minimises any damage to the body from potentially harmful conditions, such as touching something hot.

Explanation:

please please help!!

Answers

Answer:

First peak which touches the A line

Plants are autotrophs because they can prepare their own food. Photosynthesis takes place in leaves. Leaves contain that allow for the exchange of gases during the process, and also help with the process of

Answers

Leaves contain stomata that allow for the exchange of gases during the process, and also help with the process of transpiration.

What is photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants manufacture their own food in the presence of sunlight.

Factors that affects photosynthesis are:

Presence of sunlightStomata, which controls the rate of gas exchange in plant

Thus, leaves contain stomata that allow for the exchange of gases during the process, and also help with the process of transpiration.

To Learn more about stomata click here

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Answer:

Stomata and Transpiration on edmentum

Explanation:

What effect does insulin have on the body? It raises blood-sugar levels. It lowers blood-sugar levels. It raises glucagon levels. It lowers glucagon levels.

Answers

it regulates blood sugar level.

Explanation:

Insulin helps control blood glucose ( sugar) levels by signaling the liver and muscle and fat cells to take in glucose ( sugar) from the blood. Insulin therefore helps cells to take in glucose (sugar) to be used for energy. If the body has sufficient energy, insulin signals the liver to take up glucose ( sugar) and store it as glycogen.

can DNA be extracted from dead cells

Answers

The short answer is yes. Based on your DNA, your body is better suited for some foods than others. This company found that 45% of people’s genes need a high carb diet, 47% need moderate and only 8% need low.

Hope this helped! <3

Which is most likely a source of air pollution? littering CFCs oil spill runoff

Answers

Answer: CFCs

Explanation: The other options aren’t as relevant to air pollution.

Answer:

cfcs

Explanation:

what does Ecology mean

Answers

The branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surrounding

Answer:

a branch of science concerned with the relationships between living things and their environment or the pattern of relationships between living things and their environment.

Explanation:

Tara placed a grape in a solution, after sometime she noticed that the grape started to shrink.
a. Name the solution and explain.
b. Then Tara placed the raisin in a solution and noticed it started to swell up. Name the solution and explain

Answers

Answer:

a. Hypertonic solution

b. Hypotonic solution

Explanation:

There are basically 3 types of solutions in biology,

1) Isotonic-Same concentration of solute and solvent inside  the grape and in the solution.

2)Hypotonic solution-More concentration of solvent in the solution than in the grape.

3)Hypertonic solution-More concentration of solvent in the grape than in the solution.

Now,

a. Tara had kept the grape in a hypertonic solution. The solvent will start draining from the grape to equalize the concentrations of solvent inside and outside. So, the grape shrank due to loss of water.

b. Tara kept it in a hypotonic solution. The solvent will start entering the grape to equalize the concentrations of solvent. So, the grape started swelling.

here are times where you will be provided with BUD dates. When you do not have access to the BUD dates, you will have to determine that date yourself. What is the appropriate BUD date for a water containing oral formulation? Not later than 14 days Not later than 30 days

Answers

Answer:

Explanation: Not later than 14 days.

Beyond Use Date (BUD) is the date after which a compounded sterile preparation may not be stored or transported. This time is calculated from the date of compounding, and it is different from expiration date. This is because the BUDs are assigned with a different approach from those applied to assigning expiration dates to  manufactured drug products. Also, compounded preparations are intended for administration following short-term storage. So, the BUD is the date after which a compounded preparation shall not be  used. A reliable BUD is established to ensure that the preparation  has an accepted quality and purity at least  until the labeled BUD.

BUD is calculated by:

Type of container in which it is packagedHow long the medication will be takenType of drugHow fast is the drug degradatedStorage conditionsDosage of the medicationNature of the drug and its degradation mechanism Potential for microbial proliferation in the preparation

For Nonaqueous Formulation, the BUD is not later than 6 months or the time  remaining until the earliest expiration date of any API (Active pharmaceutical ingredient), whichever is earlier.  

For Water-Containing Oral Formulation, the BUD is not later than 14  days when it is stored at controlled cold temperatures.

For Dermal and Mucosal Liquid, Semisolid Formulations/Water-Containing Topical, the BUD is not later than 30 days.


which of the following is not irrational number?
(1)√2
(2)2/√6
(3)√36/1296
(4)-√6+6

Answers

Explanation:

hi !!

here i think all areirrational expect root 36/1296,

1. root 2= root 2= 1.414213562

2. 2/root 6= root 6 /3 = 0.8164965809

3. root 36/1296=1/6=1.66666667

4. - root 6+6= -2 root 3 = -3.464101615

so, they are extended and dont have exact value so all are irrational expect no. 3 because it can be expressed in 1/6 fraction form but others will come on root form.

Hope it helps...

Answer:

[tex]\frac{\sqrt{36} }{1296}[/tex]

Explanation:

[tex]\sf A \ rational \ number \ can \ be \ expressed \ as \ a \ quotient \ of \ two \ whole \ integers.[/tex]

[tex]\sqrt{2} = 1.41421356237...[/tex]

[tex]\frac{2}{\sqrt{6} } = 0.816497...[/tex]

[tex]\frac{\sqrt{36} }{1296} =\frac{6}{1296} =\frac{1}{216}[/tex]

[tex]-\sqrt{6} +6= 3.55051...[/tex]

[tex]\sf The \ rational \ number \ from \ the \ list \ is \ \frac{\sqrt{36} }{1296}[/tex]

What percentage of the Earth's surface do forests cover? 20% 30% 40% 10%

Answers

30% of the earth's surface is covered by forests.

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Which of the following is found in the 'rungs' of a DNA strand?
A. Uracil
B. Thymine
C. Deoxy Ribose
D. Phosphate

Answers

Answer:

Thymine

Explanation:

a sample of an unknown liquid has a volume of 12.0L and a mass of 6g. what is its density? show your work explain how you determined this value brainly

Answers

Explanation:

12.0L =12000cm^3

[tex]density = \frac{mass}{volume} [/tex]

[tex] = \frac{6}{12000 } \\ = 0.0005 {gcm}^{3} [/tex]

which promotes a more substainable use of resource

Answers

Environmental sustainability doesn't mean living without luxuries but rather being aware of your resource consumption and reducing unnecessary waste.
Reduce household energy use. ...
Eat locally. ...
Dispose with disposables. ...
Plant seeds. ...
Recycle. ...
Resell and donate items. ...
Drink from the tap. ...
Save water.

Answer:

Decreasing overconsumption

Explanation:

During the last years, environmental concerns have increased due to high levels of contamination and destruction of ecosystems. In response to this situation, a worldwide movement has emerged that promotes environmentally friendly practices that aim at reaching sustainability. The term "sustainability" refers to a global trend to find the balance between the conservation of nature and the use of natural resources; one of the most important principles to achieve this is to reduce consumption; this leads to a decrease in the negative impact of human societies as fewer resources are taken from nature and thus, ecosystems are preserved. So, the correct answer is decreasing overconsumption

Arctic sea ice has declined over the past few decades causing water levels to increase. This is an interaction of which two spheres?

Answers

Answer:

Cryosphere and Hydrosphere

Explanation:

The Cryosphere refers to the frozen water bodies on earth. This includes glaciers, icebergs, ice sheets and frozen water surrounding the Arctic and Antarctica.

The Hydrosphere refers to all the water bodies on Earth, including rivers, streams, lakes, and ponds.

Answer:

Cryosphere and Hydrosphere

Explanation:

YOUR WELCOME

what are sex hormones?why are they named so? state their function.

Answers

Answer:

Sex hormones or hormones of the reproductive organs are certain cells in the reproductive organs that produce hormones.

The testis produces testosterone,the male sex hormone,and the ovaries produces oestrogen and progesterone, the female sex hormones.

In a sexually mature male,testosterone influences sexual behaviour, and together with FSH,regulates sperm production in the seminiferous tubules of the testes.

Sexually matured females undergo a regular 4-week reproductive or menstrual cycle during which a mature egg is released.This cycle is regulated by oestrogen and progesterone. During pregnancy, progesterone inhibits egg production (ovulation),brings about the development of the placenta and prevents the uterus from contracting....I hope this answers your question... Thank you for the question.

Metamorphosis is:______.a. changing of one body form to another within a species, such as the change from an aquatic tadpole to a terrestrial frog. b. an intermediate condition, such as length of legs in mice between longer legs of some mice and shorter legs in others, a condition caused by Hox genes. c. the evolutionary transition from fishes to amphibians. d. the developmental changing of a scale to a feather.

Answers

Answer:

changing i think

Explanation:

A group of coordinately regulated structural genes with related metabolic functions, plus the promoter and operator sites that control their transcription, is called a/an ___________.

Answers

Answer:

They are called promoter and regulatory genes.

Explanation:

There are different genes responsible for regulating transcription:

These are the inhibitors, promoters and regulators.

Regulatory genes are in charge of regulating that promoter or inhibitor genes remain intact or do not present mutations.

Promoter genes promote cell replication, hence transcription.

In the case of malignant or benign neoplasms, there must be yes or if the affection of a regulatory gene plus the affection of an inhibitory or promoter gene.

The proximal convoluted tubule is A. lined with epithelial cells that lack microvilli. B. the site of glucose and amino acid reabsorption. C. permeable to water if ADH is present. D. impermeable to water. E. the site of water secretion.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - option B.

Explanation:

The proximal convoluted tubule or PCT is the the part of nephron that lies in between of loop of Henle and bowman's capsule. The PCT is responsible for the most amount reabsorption of sodium, glucose, amino acids, water, potassium and chloride and reabsorbs around 65% to 100% of filtered substance.

Epithelial cells in the PCT reabsorb substances that have nutritional importance by the numerous microvilli on their surface.

Thus, the correct answer is - option B.

Look at the DNA sequence (1st Picture) Which sequence shows a substitution mutation? (2nd Picture)

Also, can you explain how you got the correct answer?

Answers

Answer:

Sequence A

CGTTACTGCAAT to CGTGACTGCAAT

Explanation:

Mutation refers to any change, whether big or small, that occurs in the nucleotide sequence of a DNA/gene. This change can either be caused by replicational errors or induced by mutagens. Mutation can be of different types depending on the effects on the affected organism (mutant).

A substitution mutation is a kind of mutation in which one or more nucleotide base is replaced by another in a sequence. This is the case here as the

original sequence: CGTTACTGCAAT

Mutated sequence: CGTGACTGCAAT

The fourth base, T has been replaced by G in the upper strand of the DNA sequence.

Gene Expression Quick Check

Explanation:

1.DNA and RNA hold the code to create proteins that are the key to gene expression.

2.Endoplasmic Reticulum

3.CGTTACTGCAAT to CGTGACTGCAAT

4.The proteins are expressed differently in each cell.

5.mRNA is translated into amino acids.

Consider the following chromosomes and if they are affected by hemophilia. X - unaffected X chromosome, x = X affected by hemophilia, and Y = Y chromosome. If an Xx female and XY male have children, what fraction of their offspring will have an affected chromosome, and what fraction is likely to be affected by the hemophilia? (1 point) A. 1/4 and 1/2 B. 1/2 and 1/4 C. 1/2 and 1/3 D. 1/4 and 1/4 Ive been stuck on this for a while now, can someone please assist?

Answers

Answer:

B. 1/2 and 1/4

Explanation:

Hemophilia is a disease inherited in humans. It is only carried on the X chromosome, hence, it is said to be X-linked. In this question;

X - unaffected X chromosome

x = X chromosome affected by hemophilia,

Y = Y chromosome

Hence, in a cross between a Xx female (carrier) and a XY male (unaffected), the following chromosomes will be present in the gametes produced by each parent:

Xx- X and x gametes

XY- X and Y gametes

Using these gametes in a punnet square (see attached image), offsprings with genotypes: XX, Xx, XY and xY are produced.

XX (1) - unaffected normal female

Xx (1) - unaffected carrier female

XY (1) - unaffected normal male

xY (1) - affected male

Based on the questions;

- 2 out of the possible 4 children have the affected chromosomes i.e. both xY son and Xx daughter have the x chromosome. Hence, the fraction is 1/2

- 1 out of the 4 possible children is affected by hemophilia, which is the xY son. Hence, the fraction is 1/4.

Answer:

1/2 and 1/4

Explanation:

Took the test

An investigation is an example of_____.
A. inquiry
B. pseudoscience
C. the scientific method
D. bias​

Answers

Answer:

C) the scientific method / Maybe A) depending on teacher..

Explanation:

A) inquiry - an act of asking for information.

B) pseudoscience - a collection of beliefs or practices mistakenly regarded as being based on scientific method.

C) the scientific method - a method of investigation in which a problem is first identified and observations, experiments, or other relevant data are then used to construct or test hypotheses that purport to solve it.

D) bias​ - prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.

what are the different types of waste? and what are the methods used in biodegrable waste managment​

Answers

2 ypes of waste liquid and solid

Explanation:

biodegradable waste can be found in municipal soild waste or sometimes called biodegradable municipal waste ,or as green waste ,food waste,paper waste and biodegradable plastic.other biodegradable waste include human waste ,manure,sewage,sewage sludge and slaughterhouse waste .

you can send it for recycling into compost.

you can treat biodegradable waste on an industrial scale by either composting or anaerobic digestion.

composting is more suitable for fibrous materials.

anaerobic digestion is more suitable for wastes and sludgest that degrade easily.



Choose all the answers that apply.

Rapid burial _____.

increases exposure to oxygen
decreases exposure to oxygen
slows down the rate of decay
prevents scavengers from eating organism remains





















































































































































































































Answers

Answer:Organisms decompose more quickly when they are in contact with oxygen. Most environments exposed to the open air are in contact with plenty of oxygen, so the soft tissues of dead organisms, whether plants or animals, decay quickly. ... For an organism to become a fossil, it must not decompose or be eaten.

Explanation:

Identify the error in the following statement: “Photosynthesis is a chemical
reaction that takes place in the chloroplasts of green plant cells, where chemical
energy is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen."
A. No errors
B. "water" and "oxygen" should be switched
C. "chemical" should be "light"
D. "chloroplasts" should be "mitochondria"

Answers

Answer:

It is 'C'

Explanation:

The chemical reaction that occurs in the chloroplast is:

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C6H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

The electromagnetic energy of sunlight is converted to chemical energy in the chlorophyll-containing cells of photosynthetic organisms. The granum stores the photon particles from light and converts its energy into chemical energy to convert carbon and water into glucose and oxygen.

Answer:

c

Explanation:

I have four brothers
"This is what type of
observation?

Answers

Quantatative data since it is physically counting
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