a. Phenol (C6H5OH) is an aromatic compound and a colourless liquid widely used in household products
and medicine. When it reacts with chlorine liquid (chlorine is a diatomic molecule), in the presence of a
catalyst, one of the aromatic hydrogen atoms attached directly to a C atom is replaced with a chlorine
atom, and liquid chlorophenol is formed. This replacement process is called chlorination
Write a balanced chemical equation for the chlorination reaction and explain how you balanced it. Note
that hydrogen chloride gas (HCI) is also a product of this chemical reaction and you should ignore the
presence of the catalyst in the equation.
Answers
Because there are 2 Cl on the left, we will put a coefficient 2in front of HCl on the right side to balance out the Cl. This would result in an unequal amount of H, with 6 on the right side and 7 in the left, so we have to put a coefficient of 2 in front of C6H5OH and C6H4OH on both sides to balance out the H. By doing this, we would obtain an equal amount of H on both sides. The Carbon is already balanced, and so is the Oxygen.
The balanced chemical reaction equation for the reaction between aromatic phenol and chlorine gas in the presence of FeCl3 as catalyst is as follows;
C6H6O + Cl2 -------> C6H5OCl + HCl
An aromatic compound has 4n + 2 number of pi electrons. This condition is satisfied by phenol. Hence, phenol has the stability associated with aromatic compounds.
The reaction of phenol with chlorine in the presence of a catalyst such as FeCl3 is an aromatic electrophillic substitution reaction.
This reaction yields a chlorinated phenol (one of the aromatic hydrogen atoms attached directly to a C atom is replaced with a chlorine atom and chlorophenol is formed).
A balanced chemical reaction equation is one in which the number of atoms of each element at the reactant side and the product side are equal. This condition is satisfied for the reaction;
C6H6O + Cl2 -------> C6H5OCl + HCl
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Related Questions
limewater turns cloudy or milk when a gas bubbled through it. what is the cause of its cloudiness?
Answers
hi <3
the cloudiness is caused by the production of carbon dioxide
hope this helps :)
Answer:
Lime water is calcium hydroxide with formula
[tex]{ \sf{Ca(OH)_2}}[/tex]
when calcium hydroxide reacts with the gas [ carbon dioxide ]
[tex]{ \sf{Ca(OH)_{2(aq)} + CO_{2(g)} → CaCO_{3(s)} + H_2O_{(l)}}}[/tex]
Calcium carbonate is white cloudy precipitate
What is the chemical formula for peracetic acid?
Answers
The chemical formula for peracetic acid is C2H4O3. This means that there are 2 atoms of carbon, 4 atoms of hydrogen, and 3 atoms of oxygen in a single molecule.
I think that the answer is C2H4O3.
How many atoms are in 0.100 mol of C3H8
Answers
= 0.1 x 6.022 x 10^23
= 6.022 x 10^22
What is 47.35 dL= mL?
Answers
Answer:
4.735 litres
Explanation:
10 dL = 1 litre
47.35 dL = 47.35/10 = 4.735 litres
how much energy is contained in 3moles of chlorine
Answers
Answer:
1 mol of cl2 contains 71 g
3 mol of cl2 will contain÷
3×71=213 g
Explanation:
There ;3
Answer:
213 g
Explanation:
multiply 3 moles by relative atomic mass of chlorine which is 35.45×2 because its two chlorines and your answer will be 213g
* The 'emf generated by
a copper-constantan thermometer is 15 mv. If the cold junction is at a temperature of 20 degrees celcius.Calculate the temperature of the hot junction when sensitivity
of the thermocouple is 0.03mv/degree celcius
Answers
Thermometers are used to measure temperatures. The temperature of the hot junction of the thermocouple is [tex]520^oC[/tex]
Given that:
[tex]EMF = 15mv[/tex]
[tex]T_1 =20^oC[/tex] --- Temperature at cold junction
[tex]s = 0.03mv/^oC[/tex] ---- Sensitivity
The temperature [tex]T_2[/tex] at the hot junction is calculated as follows:
[tex]T_2 = \frac{EMF}{s} + T_1[/tex]
So, we have:
[tex]T_2 = \frac{15mv}{0.03mv/^oC} + 20^oC[/tex]
[tex]T_2 = \frac{15}{0.03/^oC} + 20^oC[/tex]
[tex]T_2 = \frac{15}{0.03}^oC + 20^oC[/tex]
[tex]T_2 = 500^oC + 20^oC[/tex]
[tex]T_2 = 520^oC[/tex]
Hence, the temperature of the hot junction of the thermocouple is [tex]520^oC[/tex]
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calculate mass of MnO2 if 1 mole of KMnO4 completely burnt. 2KMnO4 -> K2MnO4+MnO2+O2
Answers
Answer: 80 grams
Explanation:
2KMnO4 -> K2MnO4+MnO2+O2
2 moles of KMnO4 would produce 1 mole of MnO2, so 1 mole of KMnO4 would produce 0.5 moles of MnO4. The molar mass of MnO4 is 160 g/mole. 1/2 mole of KMnO4 would therefore be (160 g/mole)*(0.5 moles) = 80 grams.
Which property altered during a chemical change is not altered during a physical change?
A. composition of the matter
B. temperature of the matter
C. volume of the matter
D. phase of the matter
Answers
The property altered during a chemical change that is not altered during a physical change is composition of the matter.
A physical change is one in which no new substance is formed and it is easily reversible.
A chemical change is one that is not easily reversible and no new substance is formed. It may be accompanied by absorption or evolution of heat.
The composition of a substance changes during a chemical change because bonds between atoms break and new bonds are formed. This does not occur during a physical change.
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How many inches are in 1.00 km
Answers
39370.079 inches
When a liquid is at its boiling point, the vapor pressure of the liquid
Answers
How can the Swartz process be modified to work for bacteria? Explain.
Answers
Answer:
https://swartzbiotechnologylab.sites.stanford.edu/research
Explanation:
Alkyl chlorides and alkyl bromides are typically transformed into alkyl fluorides in the organic reaction known as the Swarts Reaction.
Swartz reaction?Frederick Jean Edmond Swarts first reported this procedure in 1892. Heating the alkyl chloride or alkyl bromide in the presence of heavy metal fluorides like AGF, Hg2F2, CoF2, or SbF3 causes this reaction.
Swartz process can be used to modify work for bacteria. Bacterial biofilms are collections of microorganisms where the cells are immersed in an extracellular polymeric matrix that the bacteria have self-produced.
In contrast to planktonic bacteria, which are in a state of free movement in a bulk solution, this situation is very different.
Applications:
In this process, alkyl fluorides are created.Fluorinated aliphatic organic molecules, or Freons, are produced via a different variation of the same process.Anhydrous hydrogen fluoride is fluorinated to produce Freons in the presence of antimony salts, which exhibit the oxidation states +3 and +5.Therefore, Alkyl chlorides and alkyl bromides are typically transformed into alkyl fluorides in the organic reaction known as the Swarts Reaction.
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how we can separate sand and water with the help of evaporation.
Answers
Answer:
By filtering
Explanation:
Take one cup of mixture of sand and water , filter using a cotton cloth ,
What are precautions to be taken when doing titrations? A-Make sure to always vigorously shake that flask after every drop if the end point is still unknown. It may be that the remaining volume of the titrant needed to reach the end point is just adhering on the wall. This is to ensure accuracy. B-The amounts of solid and liquid should be weighed and pipetted with high accurac This is because all the data that will be produced will mainly depend on this. C- If the end point is unknown, dropwise addition of the titrant is recommended. D- Always make sure that the indicator is added. E- All of the above
Answers
Answer:
E
Explanation:
This is because all steps from A-D are important to obtain an accurate result
aluminum has a density of 2.70 g/mL. Calculate the mass (in grams) of a piece of aluminum having a volume of 344 mL
Answers
Answer:
[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf 928.8 \ grams}}[/tex]
Explanation:
Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance. The following formula is used for calculating density.
[tex]\rho= \frac{m}{v}[/tex]
We know the density of aluminum is 2.70 grams per milliliter. The mass is unknown, but we know the piece of aluminum has a volume of 344 milliliters.
ρ= 2.70 g/mL v= 344 mLSubstitute these values into the formula.
[tex]2.70 \ g/mL = \frac {m}{344 \ mL}[/tex]
We are solving for the mass, so we must isolate the variable m. It is being divided by 344 milliliters. The inverse operation of division is multiplication. Multiply both sides of the equation by 344 mL.
[tex]344 \ mL *2.70 \ g/mL = \frac {m}{344 \ mL} * 344 \ mL[/tex]
[tex]344 \ mL *2.70 \ g/mL =m[/tex]
The units of milliliters cancel.
[tex]344 *2.70 \ g=m[/tex]
[tex]928.8 \ g =m[/tex]
The mass of the piece of aluminum is 928.8 grams.
Am element has 18 electrons ,20 neutrons and a charge of -2.what is the mass number?..a.38 b.40 c.32 d.39
Answers
Answer:
Surely you must have a Periodic Table beside you....?
a=38
Explanation:
You gots Z=18, the atomic number, where Z is the number of nuclear protons. The number of protons defines the element....and thus we got calcium....
....and with 20 neutrons we got the 38Ca isotope....the which is rather short-lived...
6. Heat from the sun reaches to us by
(a) radiation
(b) conduction
(c) convection
(d) all of these
PS. the one who gets it correct will be followed by me and also be marked as the brainliest!
Answers
Answer:
radiation
....
.
.
.
.hi how r u
Is my answer correct
Answer:
Radiation
Explanation:
Heat from the sun reaches is by the process of radiation
The specific gravity of a vegetable oil is 0.92. What is the massgrams, of 330 mL of vegetable oil?
Answers
Answer:
HOPE THIS ANSWER WILL HELP YOU
In rutherfords gold foil experiment, most alphas particles passed through the gold foil without deflection and were detected on the screen. What caused the particles to pass through without any deflection?
Answers
Answer:
The vast majority of the volume in an atom consists of the electron orbitals with electrons that have too little mass to deflect the alpha particles. So most pass right through the foil. Only the ones hitting the nucleus are deflected.
Explanation:
The whole reason Rutherford and his students conducted this experiment was to test the then current hypothesis that an atom consists of a homogeneous blend of atomic particles, known as the "plum pudding" model. If so, there should be no, or minimal, deflection of particles. That's not what they found. Since particles were found to be deflected, the group concluded that atoms must contain a large object, which became known as the nucleus.
List of choices for questions 20-24: A. (1) CH3MgBr, (2) H3O , (3) CH3MgBr, (4) H3O B. (1) LDA, (2) CH3I, (3) H3O C. (1) CH3MgBr, (2) H3O , (3) NaBH4, (4) H3O D. (1) DIBAH, (2) H3O E. (1) NaOH, heat, (2) SOCl2, (3) CH
Answers
Answer:
h30
Explanation:
The orbit of a planet is an ellipse with the sunat one of the foci.. This is Kepler's........ second law third law first law
Answers
Answer:
its keplers first law
Explanation:
answer from gauth math
In a year an adult cow produces around 3.571 x 10^27 molecules of methane CH4 a greenhouse gas how many moles of methane does this cow produce in a year
Answers
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\boxed {\sf 5930.0 \ mol \ CH_4}}[/tex]
Explanation:
We are asked to find how many moles of methane (CH₄) a cow produces in a year. We must convert molecules of methane to moles of methane. We will do this using Avogadro's Number or 6.022 × 10²³. This is the number of particles (atoms, molecules, formula units, etc.) in 1 mole of a substance.
In this case, the particles are molecules of methane. There are 6.022 × 10²³ molecules of methane in 1 mole.
We will convert molecules to moles using dimensional analysis. Set up a ratio using Avogadro's Number.
[tex]\frac {6.022 \times 10^{23} \ molecules \ CH_4}{ 1 \ mol \ CH_4}[/tex]
We are converting 3.571 × 10²⁷ molecules of methane to moles, so we multiply the ratio by this value.
[tex]3.571 \times 10^ {27} \ molecules \ CH_4 *\frac {6.022 \times 10^{23} \ molecules \ CH_4}{ 1 \ mol \ CH_4}[/tex]
Flip the ratio. It is still the same value, but the units of molecules of methane cancel.
[tex]3.571 \times 10^ {27} \ molecules \ CH_4 *\frac { 1 \ mol \ CH_4}{6.022 \times 10^{23} \ molecules \ CH_4}[/tex]
[tex]3.571 \times 10^ {27} *\frac { 1 \ mol \ CH_4}{6.022 \times 10^{23} }[/tex]
[tex]\frac {3.571 \times 10^ {27}}{6.022 \times 10^{23} } \ mol \ CH_4[/tex]
[tex]5929.923613 \ mol \ CH_4[/tex]
The original measurement of molecules of methane( 3.571 × 10²⁷ molecules) has 4 significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we calculated, that is the ones place. The 9 in the tenth place tells us to round the 9 in the ones place up to a 0, then the 2 in the tens place up to a 3.
[tex]5930 \ mol \ CH_4[/tex]
We must add a placeholder zero in the tenth place to reach 4 sig figs.
[tex]5930.0 \ mol \ CH_4[/tex]
The adult cow produces approximately 5930.0 moles of methane in a year.
Which of the following is a feature of a Type IV flotation device?
Answers
Answer:
A Type IV PFD is an approved device designed to be thrown to a person in the water. It is not designed to be worn. It is designed to have at least 16.5 pounds of buoyancy. The most com- mon Type IV PFD is a buoyant cushion.
why hydrogen has dual nature?
Answers
Answer:
Since hydrogen has a single electron in its valence shell, it exhibits dual nature. of the periodic table, or it can obtain one electron to complete its valency of two, such as halogens from Group 17. Since it only has one electron in its outer shell, hydrogen has a dual existence.
Explanation:
This means that, like a normal halogen, a hydrogen atom can easily gain an electron to form a complete outer shell, or lose an electron to form an alkali metal. Since it already has two electrons in its outer shell, hydrogen can be diatomic, rendering it unreactive.
Water is placed into a sealed jar and has a mass of 22.0 grams. The jar is placed in the freezer and the water turns to ice. The jar of ice is measured. The mass should be:
a. Slightly less than 22.0 grams
b. Exactly 22.0 grams
c. Slightly more than 22.0 grams
Answers
exactly 22.0 grams
because freezing is a physical change not a chemicl change..so nothing is taken away or added
ANSWER;
exactly 22.0 grams
because freezing is a physical change not a chemicl change..so nothing is taken away or added
PLEASE ANSWER ASAP NEED ANSWER!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 75 POINTS
Which statement about pure substances and molecules is correct?
A. Pure substances cannot be molecules.
B. All molecules are pure substances.
C. Molecules cannot be pure substances.
D. All pure substances are molecules.
Answers
Answer:
D. All pure substances are molecules.
The correct statement about pure substances is; "All molecules are pure substances."
A pure substance contains exactly the same type of atoms. In a molecule, there can only be a particular combination of atoms.
For instance, a molecule of HCl can only contain chlorine and hydrogen atoms.
This means that every molecules are also pure substances.
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b. Use the balanced equation to answer the following questions.
CuSO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) —->Cu(OH)2(s) + Na2SO4(aq)
i. What is the ratio of moles of CuSO4 to moles of NaOH?
ii. If 638.44 g CuSO4 reacts with 240.0 NaOH, which is the limiting reagent?
iii. Using the limiting reagent to determine how many grams of Cu(OH)2 should precipitate out in the reaction.
iv. If only 174.6g of Cu(OH)2 precipitate were actually collected from the reaction, what would the percent yield be?
Answers
Answer:
i. 1 : 2
ii. NaOH is the limiting reagent
iii. 292.5g
iv. 59.69%
Explanation:
I have the detailed and self-explanatory workings. will snap and post later. Battery percent at 15%, flashlight not working.
1. The ratio of CuSO₄ to NaOH is 1 : 2
2. The limiting reactant is NaOH.
3. The mass of Cu(OH)₂ that will precipitate out is 292.5 g.
4. The percentage yield of Cu(OH)₂ is 59.7%
1. Determination of the ratio of CuSO₄ to NaOH.
CuSO₄ + 2NaOH —> Cu(OH)₂ + Na₂SO₄
From the balanced equation above, we can see that the ratio of CuSO₄ to NaOH is 1 : 2
2. Determination of the limiting reactant.
CuSO₄ + 2NaOH —> Cu(OH)₂ + Na₂SO₄
Molar mass of CuSO₄ = 63.5 + 32 + (16×4) = 159.5 g/mol
Mass of CuSO₄ from the balanced equation = 1 × 159.5 = 159.5 g
Molar mass of NaOH = 23 + 16 + 1 = 40 g/mol
Mass of NaOH from the balanced equation = 2 × 40 = 80 g
From the balanced equation above,
159.5 g of CuSO₄ reacted with 80 g of NaOH.
Therefore,
638.44 g of CuSO₄ will react with = (638.44 × 80) / 159.5 = 320.22 g of NaOH.
From the calculations made above, we can see that a higher mass (i.e 320.22 g) of NaOH than what was given (i.e 240 g) is needed to react completely with 638.44 g of CuSO₄.
Therefore, NaOH is the limiting reactant.
3. Determination of the mass of Cu(OH)₂ that will precipitate out.
CuSO₄ + 2NaOH —> Cu(OH)₂ + Na₂SO₄
Molar mass of Cu(OH)₂ = 63.5 + 2(16 + 1) = 97.5 g/mol
Mass of Cu(OH)₂ from the balanced equation = 1 × 97.5 = 97.5 g
From the balanced equation above,
80 g of NaOH reacted to produce 97.5 g of Cu(OH)₂.
Therefore,
240 g of NaOH will react to produce = (240 × 97.5) / 80 = 292.5 g of Cu(OH)₂
Thus, 292.5 g of Cu(OH)₂ precipitated out of the reaction.
4. Determination of the percentage yield.
Actual yield of Cu(OH)₂ = 174.6 gTheoretical yield of Cu(OH)₂ = 292.5 gPercentage yield of Cu(OH)₂ =?Percentage yield = (Actual /Theoretical) × 100
Percentage yield of Cu(OH)₂ = (174.6 / 292.5) × 100
Percentage yield of Cu(OH)₂ = 59.7%
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Which of the following atoms is expected to have two unpaired electrons?
Al
Mg
Na
None of the above
Answers
Answer:
none of the above answers
Oceanography does not include the study of which of the following topics?
A.the relationship between the Sun, Moon, and Earth
B.the relationship between the atmosphere, Earth, and the oceans
C.the Earth's oceans
D.the plants and animals that live in the oceans
Answers
Answer:
A. The relationship between the Sun,Moon,and Earth
Explanation:
compared to those
5. Electrons farther away from the nucleus in an atom have
closer to the nucleus.
O A. lower energy
OB. higher energy
O C. the same energy
O D. higher or lower energy, depending on the element
Answers
Explanation:
higher or lower energy, depending on the element
Answer:
B
Explanation:
A cation of 2 indicates that an element has Group of answer choices lost two neutrons. lost two protons. gained two electrons. lost two electrons. gained two protons.
Answers
Answer:
lost 2 electrons
Explanation:
A cation by definition is a positively charged ion. They are formed when a metal loses its electrons. A cation has more protons than electrons, giving it a net positive charge. So, it had to have lost 2 electrons to give it a positive charge of 2⁺.
