Given that,
Radius of curvature = 1.4 m
Wavelength = 520 nm
Refraction indexes = 1.6
We know tha,
The condition for constructive interference as,
[tex]t=(m+\dfrac{1}{2})\dfrac{\lambda}{2}[/tex]
Where, [tex]\lambda=wavelength[/tex]
We need to calculate the radius of first bright fringes
Using formula of radius
[tex]r_{1}=\sqrt{2tR}[/tex]
Put the value of t
[tex]r_{1}=\sqrt{2\times(m+\dfrac{1}{2})\dfrac{\lambda}{2}\times R}[/tex]
Put the value into the formula
[tex]r_{1}=\sqrt{2\times(0+\dfrac{1}{2})\dfrac{520\times10^{-9}}{2}\times1.4}[/tex]
[tex]r_{1}=0.603\ mm[/tex]
We need to calculate the radius of second bright fringes
Using formula of radius
[tex]r_{2}=\sqrt{2\times(m+\dfrac{1}{2})\dfrac{\lambda}{2}\times R}[/tex]
Put the value into the formula
[tex]r_{1}=\sqrt{2\times(1+\dfrac{1}{2})\dfrac{520\times10^{-9}}{2}\times1.4}[/tex]
[tex]r_{1}=1.04\ mm[/tex]
Hence, The radius of first bright fringe is 0.603 mm
The radius of second bright fringe is 1.04 mm.
When the adjustable mirror on the Michelson interferometer is moved 20 wavelengths, how many fringe pattern shifts would be counted
Answer:
The number of fringe pattern shift is m = 40
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The Michelson interferometer is moved 20 wavelengths i.e [tex]20 \lambda[/tex]
Generally the distance which the Michelson interferometer is moved is mathematically represented as
[tex]d = \frac{m * \lambda}{2}[/tex]
Here [tex]m[/tex] is the number of fringe pattern shift
So
[tex]20 \lambda = \frac{m * \lambda}{2}[/tex]
[tex]40 \lambda = m * \lambda[/tex]
m = 40
If a convex lens were made out of very thin clear plastic filled with air, and were then placed underwater where n = 1.33 and where the lens would have an effective index of refraction n = 1, the lens would act in the same way
a. as a flat refracting surface between water and air as seen from the water side.
b. as a concave mirror in air.
c. as a concave lens in air.
d. as the glasses worn by a farsighted person.
e. as a convex lens in air.
Answer:
D. A convex lens in air
Explanation:
This is because the air tight plastic under water will reflect light rays in the same manner as a convex lens
A hot cup of coffee is placed on a table. Which will happen because of conduction? Answer options with 4 options A. The temperature of the coffee will decrease while the temperature of the table decreases. B. The temperature of the coffee will increase while the temperature of the table increases. C. The temperature of the coffee will decrease while the temperature of the table increases. D. The temperature of the coffee will increase while the temperature of the table decreases.
Answer:
C.Explanation:
C. The temperature of the coffee will decrease while the temperature of the table increases.
Astronomers think planets formed from interstellar dust and gases that clumped together in a process called? A. stellar evolution B. nebular aggregation C. planetary accretion D. nuclear fusion
Answer:
C. planetary accretion
Explanation:
Astronomers think planets formed from interstellar dust gases that clumped together in a process called planetary accretion.
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\sf C. \ planetary \ accretion }[/tex]
Explanation:
Astronomers think planets formed from interstellar dust and gases that clumped together in a process called planetary accretion.
Planetary accretion is a process in which huge masses of solid rock or metal clump together to produce planets.
A locomotive is pulling three train cars along a level track with a force of 100,000N. The car next to the locomotive has a mass of 80,000kg, next one, 50,000kg, and the last one, 70,000 kg. you can neglect the friction on the cars being pulled.
A) what if the magnitude of the force between that the 80,000-kg car exerts on the 50,000-kg car?
B) what is the magnitude of the force that the 50,000-kg car exerts on the 70,000-kg car?
Answer:
a) 60000 N
b) 35000 N
Explanation:
Force from locomotive = 100000 N
mass of first car = 80000 kg
mass of second car = 50000 kg
mass of third car = 70000 kg
friction is neglected in this system
Total mass of the cars = 80000 + 50000 + 70000 = 200000 kg
All the car in the system will accelerate at the same rate since they are pulled by the same force
We know that force F = ma
where
a is the acceleration of the cars
m is the total mass in the system
from this we can say that
a = F/m
a = 100000/200000 = 0.5 m/s^2
a) The total mass involved in this case = mass of the last two cars after the 80000 kg car = 50000 + 70000 = 120000 kg
therefore force exerted F = ma
F = 0.5 x 120000 = 60000 N
b) The total mass in this case = mass of the third car only = 70000 kg
F = ma
F = 70000 x 0.5 = 35000 N
You have a lightweight spring whose unstretched length is 4.0 cm. First, you attach one end of the spring to the ceiling and hang a 1.8 g mass from it. This stretches the spring to a length of 5.1 cm . You then attach two small plastic beads to the opposite ends of the spring, lay the spring on a frictionless table, and give each plastic bead the same charge. This stretches the spring to a length of 4.3 cm .
Requried:
What is the magnitude of the charge (in nC) on each bead?
Answer:
2.2nC
Explanation:
Call the amount by which the spring’s unstretched length L,
the amount it stretches while hanging x1
and the amount it stretches while on the table x2.
Combining Hooke’s law with Newton’s second law, given that the stretched spring is not accelerating,
we have mg−kx1 =0, or k = mg /x1 , where k is the spring constant. On the other hand,
applying Coulomb’s law to the second part tells us ke q2/ (L+x2)2 − kx2 = 0 or q2 = kx2(L+x2)2/ke,
where ke is the Coulomb constant. Combining these,
we get q = √(mgx2(L+x2)²/x1ke =2.2nC
Somebody please help it’s urgent!!!!
In the tug of war game, none of the teams won. What can you conclude about the forces of the two teams ? Write all the evidence to support your answer.
Answer:
Explanation:
We can conclude that the forces of the two teams are equal and opposite and hence they cancel each other. Therefore none of the teams won as the rope did not move.
hope this helps
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Calcular la resistencia de una varilla de grafito de 170 cm de longitud y 60 mm2. Resistividad grafito 3,5 10-5 Ωm
Answer:
R = 0.992 Ω
Explanation:
En esta pregunta, dada la información que contiene, debemos calcular la resistencia de la varilla de grafito.
Matemáticamente,
Resistencia = (resistividad * longitud) / Área De la pregunta;
Resistividad = 3,5 * 10 ^ -5 Ωm
longitud = 170 cm = 1,7 m
Área = 60 mm ^ 2 = 60/1000000 = 6 * 10 ^ -5 m ^ 2
Conectando estos valores a la ecuación anterior, tenemos;
Resistencia = (3.5 * 10 ^ -5 * 1.7) / (6 * 10 ^ -5) =
(3.5 * 1.7) / 6 = 0.992 Ω
As a skydiver falls, his potential energy ___ and his kinetic energy __
increases,increases
increases,decreases
decreases,increases
decreases, decreases
Answer:
Hey there!
PE=mgh, so as height decreases, so does the potential energy.
KE=mv^2, so as velocity increases, kinetic energy increases.
Thus, the correct answer would be Decreases, Increases.
Let me know if this helps :)
6. You push an object, initially at rest, across a frictionless floor with a constant force for a time interval t, resulting in a final speed of v for the object. You then repeat the experiment, but with a force that is twice as large. What time interval is now required to reach the same final speed v?
Answer:
t = t₀ / 2
Explanation:
In this exercise we must use Newton's second law
F = m a
a = F / m
now we can use kinematics
as in object part of rest (v₀ = 0)
v =a t₀
t₀ = v / a
these results are with the first experiment
now repeat the experiment, but F = 2F₀
a = 2F₀ / m = 2 a₀
v = 2 a₀ t
t = v / 2a₀
t = t₀ / 2
The time interval that is required to reach the same final speed (V) is equal to [tex]t=\frac{\Delta t}{2}[/tex].
Given the following data:
Initial speed = 0 m/s (since the object is at rest)Final speed = VTime = [tex]\Delta t[/tex]Speed = VTo find the time interval that is now required to reach the same final speed (V), we would apply Newton's Second Law of Motion:
Mathematically, Newton's Second Law of Motion is given by this formula;
[tex]F = \frac{M(V-U)}{t}[/tex]
Where:
F is the force.V is the final velocity.U is the initial velocity.t is the time.Substituting the given parameters into the formula, we have;
[tex]F = \frac{M(V-0)}{\Delta t}\\\\F = \frac{MV}{\Delta t}[/tex]
When the experiment is repeated, the magnitude of the force is doubled:
[tex]F = 2F[/tex]
Now, we can find the time interval that is required to reach the same final speed (V):
[tex]F = \frac{M(V-0)}{t}\\\\t=\frac{MV}{F}[/tex]
Substituting the value of F, we have:
[tex]t=\frac{MV}{2F} \\\\t=\frac{MV}{\frac{2MV}{\Delta t}} \\\\t=MV \times \frac{\Delta t}{2MV} \\\\t=\frac{\Delta t}{2}[/tex]
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What is the de Broglie wavelength of an object with a mass of 2.50 kg moving at a speed of 2.70 m/s? (Useful constant: h = 6.63×10-34 Js.)
Answer:
9.82 × [tex]10^{-35}[/tex] Hz
Explanation:
De Broglie equation is used to determine the wavelength of a particle (e.g electron) in motion. It is given as:
λ = [tex]\frac{h}{mv}[/tex]
where: λ is the required wavelength of the moving electron, h is the Planck's constant, m is the mass of the particle, v is its speed.
Given that: h = 6.63 ×[tex]10^{-34}[/tex] Js, m = 2.50 kg, v = 2.70 m/s, the wavelength, λ, can be determined as follows;
λ = [tex]\frac{h}{mv}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{6.63*10^{-34} }{2.5*2.7}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{6.63 * 10^{-34} }{6.75}[/tex]
= 9.8222 × [tex]10^{-35}[/tex]
The wavelength of the object is 9.82 × [tex]10^{-35}[/tex] Hz.
Are Quantum Physics, Quantum mechanics,Quantum Engagement same?
or, Do they branch of each others
Answer:
The topic of quantum entanglement is at the heart of the disparity between classical and quantum physics: entanglement is a primary feature of quantum mechanics lacking in classical mechanics. ... In the case of entangled particles, such a measurement will affect the entangled system as a wholeExplanation:
Answer:
quantum entanglement is thought to be one of the trickiest concepts in science, but the core issues are simple. And once understood, entanglement opens up a richer understanding of concepts such as the “many worlds” of quantum theory.
Explanation:
Find the focal length of contact lenses that would allow a nearsighted person with a 130 cmcm far point to focus on the stars at night.
Answer:
130cmExplanation:
The lens equation is expressed as;
1/f = 1/u+1/v where;
f is the focal length of the lens
u is the object distance
v is the image distance
Since the near sighted person wants focus the starts at nigt, the stars at night are the images located that infinity. Hence the image distance v = ∞.
The object distance u = 130cm
Substituting the given parameters in the formula to get the focal length f
[tex]\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{\infty} + \frac{1}{130} \\\\As \ x \ tends \ to \ \infty, \, \frac{a}{x} \ tends \ to \ 0 \ where\ 'a' \ is \ a\ constant \\\\} \\\\[/tex]
[tex]\frac{1}{f} = 0+ \frac{1}{130}\\\\[/tex]
[tex]\frac{1}{f} =\frac{1}{130}\\cross\ multiply\\\\f = 130*1\\\\f = 130cm[/tex]
Hence the focal length of contact lenses that would allow a nearsighted person with a 130 cm far point to focus on the stars at night is 130cm
A weightlifter works out at the gym each day. Part of her routine is to lie on her back and lift a 43 kg barbell straight up from chest height to full arm extension, a distance of 0.53 m .
Part A: How much work does the weightlifter do to lift the barbell one time?
Part B: If the weightlifter does 23 repetitions a day, what total energy does she expend on lifting, assuming a typical efficiency for energy use by the body?
Part C: How many 500 Calorie donuts can she eat a day to supply that energy?
Answer:
A) Workdone = 223.57 N-m
B) 22357 J of energy
C) Number of donuts = 10.7 donuts
Explanation:
A) The work done is calculated from the formula;. Work done = Force × Distance
We are given;
Mass; m = 43 kg
Distance = 0.53 m
Force(weight) = mg = 43 × 9.81
Thus;
Work done = 43 × 9.81 × 0.53
Workdone = 223.57 N-m
B) We are told she does 23 repetitions a day.
Thus, we assume 23% efficiency.
So, Work = Energy
Thus;
At 100% efficiency;
Energy = (223.57/100%) × 23 repetitions = 5142.11 J
Now, since she is only 23% efficient, she will expend; 5142.11/0.23 J = 22357 J of energy to do 5390 J of work.
C) from conversions; 4.18 J = 1 calorie
Thus;
22357 J ÷ 4.18 J/cal = 5348.565 calories
We how many 500 calorie donuts she can eat in a day to supply that energy.
Thus;
Number of donuts = 5348.565 cal ÷ 500 cal /donut
Number of donuts = 10.7 donuts
A stone is dropped from the upper observation deck of a tower, 50 m above the ground. (Assume g = 9.8 m/s2.) (a) Find the distance (in meters) of the stone above ground level at time t. h(t) = (b) How long does it take the stone to reach the ground? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) s (c) With what velocity does it strike the ground? (Round your answer to one decimal place.) m/s (d) If the stone is thrown downward with a speed of 9 m/s, how long does it take to reach the ground? (Round your answer to two decimal places.)
Answer:
A. Using displacement =Ut + 1/2gt²
=> 0 + 1/2 (-9.8)t²
= -4.9t²
So
h(t) = 50+ displacement
= 50 - 4.9t²
B. To reach the ground
h(t) = 0
So
50-4.9t²= 0
t = √ (50/4.9)
= 3.2s
C. Using
V = u+ gt
U= 0
V= - 9.8(3.2)
= 31.4m/s
D. If u = -9m/s
Then s = ut + 1/2gt²
5t- 1/2gt²
But distance from the ground is
=.> 50-5t- 4.8t²= 0
So t solving the quadratic equation
t= 3.58s
(a) The distance of the stone above the ground level at time t is [tex]h(t) = 50 - 4.9t^2[/tex]
(b) The time taken for the stone to strike the ground is 3.19 s.
(c) The velocity of the stone when it strikes the ground is 31.4 m/s.
(d) The time taken for the stone to reach the ground when thrown at the given speed is 2.41 s.
The given parameters;
height above the ground, h₀ = 50 mThe distance of the stone above the ground level at time t is calculated as;
[tex]h(t) = h_0 - ut - \frac{1}{2} gt^2\\\\h(t) = 50 - 0 -0.5\times 9.8t^2\\\\h(t) = 50 - 4.9t^2[/tex]
The time taken for the stone to strike the ground is calculated as;
[tex]t = \sqrt{\frac{2h}{g} } \\\\t = \sqrt{\frac{2\times 50}{9.8} } \\\\t = 3.19 \ s[/tex]
The velocity of the stone when it strikes the ground is calculated as;
[tex]v =u + gt\\\\v = 0 + 3.2 \times 9.8\\\\v = 31.4 \ m/s[/tex]
The time taken for the stone to reach the ground when thrown at speed of 9 m/s is calculated as;
[tex]50 = 9t + \frac{1}{2} (9.8)t^2\\\\50 = 9t + 4.9t^2\\\\4.9t^2 + 9t - 50 = 0\\\\a = 4.9 \, \ b = 9, \ \ c = -50\\\\solve \ the \ quadratic \ equation\ using \ formula \ method\\\\t = \frac{-b \ \ + /- \ \ \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac} }{2a} \\\\t = \frac{-9 \ \ + /- \ \ \sqrt{(9)^2 - 4(4.9 \times -50)} }{2(4.9)} \\\\t = 2.41 \ s \ \ or \ \ - 4.24 \ s[/tex]
Thus, the time taken for the stone to reach the ground when thrown at the given speed is 2.41 s.
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Select the situation for which the torque is the smallest.
a. A 200 kg piece of silver is placed at the end of a 2.5 m tree branch.
b. A 20 kg piece of marble is placed at the end of a 25 m construction crane arm.
c. A 8 kg quartz rock is placed at the end of a 62.5 m thin titanium rod.
d. The torque is the same for two cases.
e. The torque is the same for all cases.
Answer:
e. The torque is the same for all cases.
Explanation:
The formula for torque is:
τ = Fr
where,
τ = Torque
F = Force = Weight (in this case) = mg
r = perpendicular distance between force an axis of rotation
Therefore,
τ = mgr
a)
Here,
m = 200 kg
r = 2.5 m
Therefore,
τ = (200 kg)(9.8 m/s²)(2.5 m)
τ = 4900 N.m
b)
Here,
m = 20 kg
r = 25 m
Therefore,
τ = (20 kg)(9.8 m/s²)(25 m)
τ = 4900 N.m
c)
Here,
m = 8 kg
r = 62.5 m
Therefore,
τ = (8 kg)(9.8 m/s²)(62.5 m)
τ = 4900 N.m
Hence, the correct answer will be:
e. The torque is the same for all cases.
Light of wavelength 550 nm is incident on a slit having a width of 0.200 mm. The viewing screen is 1.90 m from the slit. Find the width of the central bright fringe
Answer:
The width of Center bright fringe is 10.2mm
Explanation:
Given that if
Y/ L << 1 then
Sin theta will be approx Y/L
So sin theta approx Y/L = lamda/a
Y= a x lambda/a
By substituting
1.9x 10^ -3m x 550*10^-9/ 0.2 x 10^-3m
= 5.2mm
But
Change in y = 2y = 10.4mm
Which one of the following lists gives the correct order of the electromagnetic spectrum from low to high frequencies?
A) radio waves, infrared, microwaves, ultraviolet, visible, x-rays, gamma rays
B) radio waves, ultraviolet, x-rays, microwaves, infrared, visible, gamma rays
C) radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays
D) radio waves, microwaves, visible, x-rays, infrared, ultraviolet, gamma rays
E) radio waves, infrared, x-rays, microwaves, ultraviolet, visible, gamma rays
Answer:
C) radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays
Explanation:
radio waves have lowest energy , lowest frequency and highest wavelength
gamma rays have highest energy , highest frequency and least wavelength
Answer: C
Explanation:
A wire carries current in the plane of this paper toward the top of the page. The wire experiences a ma netic force toward the right edge of the page. The direction of the magnetic field causing this force is:
A. in the plane of the page and toward the left edge
B. in the plane of the page and toward the bottom edge
C. upward out of the page
D. downward into the page
Answer:
D) True. In this case the thumb goes up the page, the fingers are extended out of the page and the palm points to the left
Explanation:
The magnetic force on a conductor is given by
F = i L x B
bold letters indicate vectors. We can write this expression in the form of magnitudes
F = i L B sin θ
The direction of the force can be found by the rule of the right hand, the thumb points in the direction of the current, the fingers extended in the direction of the magnetic field and the palm gives the direction of the force
Let's apply this expression to the case presented.
A) False. In this case the force is out of the page and is in contradiction with the real force
B) False. In this case the force is zero since the displacement of the current and the field would be parallel
C) False. In this case the force is to the left
D) True. In this case the thumb goes up the page, the fingers are extended out of the page and the palm points to the left
The A block, with negligible dimensions and weight P, is supported by the coordinate point (1.1/2) of the parabolic fixed grounded surface, from equation y = x^2/2 If the block is about to slide, what is the coefficient of friction between it and the surface; determine the force F tangent to the surface, which must be applied to the block to start the upward movement.
Answer:
μ = 1
F = P√2
Explanation:
The parabola equation is: y = ½ x².
The slope of the tangent is dy/dx = x.
The angle between the tangent and the x-axis is θ = tan⁻¹(x).
At x = 1, θ = 45°.
Draw a free body diagram of the block. There are three forces:
Weight force P pulling down,
Normal force N pushing perpendicular to the surface,
and friction force Nμ pushing up tangential to the surface.
Sum of forces in the perpendicular direction:
∑F = ma
N − P cos 45° = 0
N = P cos 45°
Sum of forces in the tangential direction:
∑F = ma
Nμ − P sin 45° = 0
Nμ = P sin 45°
μ = P sin 45° / N
μ = tan 45°
μ = 1
Draw a new free body diagram. This time, friction force points down tangential to the surface, and applied force F pushes up tangential to the surface.
Sum of forces in the tangential direction:
∑F = ma
F − Nμ − P sin 45° = 0
F = Nμ + P sin 45°
F = (P cos 45°) μ + P sin 45°
F = P√2
A stationary coil is in a magnetic field that is changing with time. Does the emf induced in the coil depend
Answer:
Explanation:
The e.m.f induced in the coil depend on the following :
(a) No. of turns in the coil
(b) Cross-sectional Area of the coil
(c) Magnitude of Magnetic field
(d) Angular velocity of the coil
A velocity selector can be used to measure the speed of a charged particle. A beam of particles is directed along the axis of the instrument. A parallel plate capacitor sets up an electric field E which is oriented perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field B. If the plates are separated by 3 mm and the value of the magnetic field is 0.3 T, what voltage between the plates will allow particles of speed 5 x 105 m/s to pass straight through without deflection? A. 70 V B. 140 V C. 450 V D. 1,400 V E. 2,800 V
Answer:
C. 450v
Explanation:
Using
Voltage= B*distance of separation*velocity
3mm x 0.3T x 5E5m/s
= 450v
A uniform meter stick is hung at its center from a thin wire. It is twisted and oscillates with a period of 5 s. The meter stick is then sawed off to a length of 0.76 m, rebalanced at its center, and set into oscillation. With what period does it now oscillate?
Answer:
The new time period is [tex]T_2 = 3.8 \ s[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The period of oscillation is [tex]T = 5 \ s[/tex]
The new length is [tex]l_2 = 0.76 \ m[/tex]
Let assume the original length was [tex]l_1 = 1 m[/tex]
Generally the time period is mathematically represented as
[tex]T = 2 \pi \sqrt{ \frac{ I }{ mgh } }[/tex]
Now I is the moment of inertia of the stick which is mathematically represented as
[tex]I = \frac{m * l^2 }{12 }[/tex]
So
[tex]T = 2 \pi \sqrt{ \frac{ m * l^2 }{12 * mgh } }[/tex]
Looking at the above equation we see that
[tex]T \ \ \ \alpha \ \ \ l[/tex]
=> [tex]\frac{ T_2 }{T_1} = \frac{l_2}{l_1}[/tex]
=> [tex]\frac{ T_2}{5} = \frac{0.76}{1}[/tex]
=> [tex]T_2 = 3.8 \ s[/tex]
What is the separation in meters between two slits for which 594 nm orange light has its first maximum at an angle of 32.8°?
Answer:
1.1micro meter
Explanation:
Given that
Constructive interference is
ma = alpha x sin theta
Alpha = 1 x 594 x10^ -9/ sin 32.8°
= 1.1 x 10^ -6m
Explanation:
Tech A says parallel circuits are like links in a chain. Tech B says total current in a parallel circuit equals the sum of the current flowing in each branch of the circuit. Who is correct?
Answer: Only Tech B is correct.
Explanation:
First, tech A is wrong.
The circuits that can be compared with links in a chain are the series circuit, and it can be related to the links in a chain because if one of the elements breaks, the current can not flow furthermore (because the elements in the circuit are connected in series) while in a parallel circuit if one of the branches breaks, the current still can flow by other branches.
Also in a parallel circuit, the sum of the currents of each path is equal to the current that comes from the source, so Tech B is correct, the total current is equal to the sum of the currents flowing in each branch of the circuit.
To celebrate a victory, a pitcher throws her glove straight upward with an initial speed of 5.0 m/s. How much time does it take for the glove to return to the pitcher
Answer:
The glove takes 1.02s to return to the pitchers hand.
Explanation:
Given;
initial velocity the pitcher's glove, u = 5 m/s
Apply kinematic equation
s = ut - ¹/₂gt²
where;
g is acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s²
t is the time takes the glove to return to the pitchers hand
s is the displacement of the glove, which will be equal to zero when the glove returns to the pitchers hand. (s = 0)
0 = ut - ¹/₂gt²
ut = ¹/₂gt²
u = ¹/₂gt
gt = 2u
t = (2u) / g
t = (2 x 5) / 9.8
t = 1.02 s
Therefore, the glove takes 1.02s to return to the pitchers hand.
You are performing an experiment that requires the highest-possible magnetic energy density in the interior of a very long current-carrying solenoid. Which of the following adjustments increases the energy density?a. Increasing only the length of the solenold while keeping the turns per unit lengh flxed. b. Increasing the number of turns per unit length on the solenold. c. Increasing the cross-sectional area of the solenoid. d. None of these. e. Increasing the current in the solenoid.
Answer:
The correct choice is B & E.
Explanation:
A solenoid is a coil of wire (usually copper) which is used as an electromagnet. Solenoids are used to convert electrical energy to mechanical energy. When this type of device is created it is also called a solenoid. One can increase the energy density within the solenoid or the coil by upping the electric current in the coil.
Cheers!
A woman was told in 2020 that she had exactly 15 years to live. If she travels away from the Earth at 0.8 c and then returns at the same speed, the last New Year's Day the doctors expect her to celebrate is:
Answer:
2035
Explanation:
The doctor does not travel with the woman, and therefore, he won't experience any relativistic effect on his time. The doctor will judge time by the time here on earth. Technically, the last new year's day the doctor, who is here on earth, would expect the woman to celebrate will be in 2020 + 15 years = 2035
Radar is used to determine distances to various objects by measuring the round-trip time for an echo from the object. (a) How far away (in m) is the planet Venus if the echo time is 900 s? m (b) What is the echo time (in µs) for a car 80.0 m from a Highway Patrol radar unit? µs (c) How accurately (in nanoseconds) must you be able to measure the echo time to an airplane 12.0 km away to determine its distance within 11.5 m? ns
Answer:
a) 1.35 x 10^11 m
b) 0.53 µs
c) 8 ns
Explanation:
Radar involves the use of radio wave which has speed c = 3 x 10^8 m/s
a) for 900 s,
The distance for a round trip = v x t
==> (3 x 10^8) x 900 = 2.7 x 10^11 m
The distance of Venus is half this round trip distance = (2.7 x 10^11)/2 = 1.35 x 10^11 m
b) for a 80.0 m distance of the car from the radar source, the radar will travel a total distance of
d = 2 x 80 = 160 m
the time taken = d/c = 160/(3 x 10^8) = 5.3 x 10^-7 s = 0.53 µs
c) accuracy in distance Δd = 11.5 m
Δt = accuracy in time = Δd/c = 11.5/(3 x 10^8) = 3.8 x 10^-8 = 38 ns
How much time will elapse if a radioisotope with a half-life of 88 seconds decays to one-sixteenth of its original mass?
Answer:
352 seconds are needed for the radioisotope to decay to one-sixteenth of its original mass.
Explanation:
The decay of radioisotopes are represented by the following ordinary differential equation:
[tex]\frac{dm}{dt} = -\frac{t}{\tau}[/tex]
Where:
[tex]t[/tex] - Time, measured in seconds.
[tex]\tau[/tex] - Time constant, measured in seconds.
[tex]m[/tex] - Mass of the radioisotope, measured in grams.
The solution of this expression is:
[tex]m(t) = m_{o}\cdot e^{-\frac{t}{\tau} }[/tex]
Where [tex]m_{o}[/tex] is the initial mass of the radioisotope, measured in kilograms.
The ratio of current mass to initial mass is:
[tex]\frac{m(t)}{m_{o}} = e^{-\frac{t}{\tau} }[/tex]
The time constant is now calculated in terms of half-life:
[tex]\tau = \frac{t_{1/2}}{\ln2}[/tex]
Where [tex]t_{1/2}[/tex] is the half-life of the radioisotope, measured in seconds.
Given that [tex]t_{1/2} = 88\,s[/tex], the time constant of the radioisotope is:
[tex]\tau = \frac{88\,s}{\ln 2}[/tex]
[tex]\tau \approx 126.957\,s[/tex]
Now, if [tex]\frac{m(t)}{m_{o}(t)} = \frac{1}{16}[/tex] and [tex]\tau \approx 126.957\,s[/tex], the time is:
[tex]t = -\tau \cdot \ln\frac{m(t)}{m_{o}}[/tex]
[tex]t = -(126.957\,s)\cdot \ln \frac{1}{16}[/tex]
[tex]t \approx 352\,s[/tex]
352 seconds are needed for the radioisotope to decay to one-sixteenth of its original mass.
