Answer:
a.
Break even in units = 20000 units
b.
Revenue at 35000 units = $350000
c.
Total cost (35000 units) = $305000
d.
Units required for target profit = 40000 units
Explanation:
a.
The break even in units is the number of units that must be sold in order to earn enough total revenue as to cover total costs. The break even in units can be calculated as follows,
Break even in units = Fixed cost / Contribution margin per unit
Where,
Contribution margin per unit = Selling price per unit - Variable cost per unit
Contribution margin per unit = 10 - 7 =$3
Break even in units = 60000 / 3
Break even in units = 20000 units
b.
Revenue = Price * Quantity
Revenue at 35000 units = 10 * 35000
Revenue at 35000 units = $350000
c.
Total cost = Variable cost + Fixed cost
Total cost (35000 units) = 7 * 35000 + 60000
Total cost (35000 units) = $305000
d.
To calculate the units required to earn a target profit, we simply add the target profit amount to the fixed costs in the break even in units equation.
Thus, the number of units required to earn a target profit of $60000 is,
Units required for target profit = (60000 + 60000) / 3
Units required for target profit = 40000 units
In its first year, a project is expected to generate earnings before interest and taxes of $237,884 and its depreciation expense is expected to be $87,882. If the company’s tax rate is 35%, what is the project’s expected net operating profit after taxes for the year?
Answer:
Net operating income= $242,506.6
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Earnings before interest and taxes= $237,884
Depreciation expense= $87,882.
Tax rate= 35%
To calculate the net operating profit, we need to use the following structure:
EBIT= 237,884
Tax= (237,884*0.35)= (83,259.4)
Depreciation= 87,882
Net operating income= 242,506.6
E-tailers, such as Amazon and Expedia, that sell products and services directly to final buyers exclusively over the Internet are known as ________.
Answer:
E-tailers
Explanation:
E-tailers are also known as e-retailers. Where you can purchase things via the internet.
Glad I could help you!
In what way did Henry Ford’s use of the assembly-line method of production represent an advance in technology in automobile manufacturing?
Answer: a. It allowed workers to specialize on specific tasks and become more productive.
Explanation:
The Assembly line method of production that Henry Ford initiated at his plant was a technological game changer as it enabled workers to assemble cars faster and this mass produce Ford cars at a cheaper rate for the masses.
The Assembly line worked by putting workers at various stages of the assembly line where they would focus on installing only one or a few parts into the prospective vehicle. This way they were able to focus on that specific task, become more adept at it and thus become more productive.
For an automobile company, the total overhead applied was $48,000,000 at the end of the year. Actual overhead was $52,850,000. Closing over/under applied overhead into cost of goods sold would cause net income to:
Answer:
Net income decreased by $4,850,000.
Explanation:
Given total overhead applied = $48000000
The actual overhead = $52850000
Over/under Applied overhead = total overhead applied - Actual overhead at the end of the year.
Over / under Applied overhead = 48000000-52850000
Over / under Applied overhead = -$4850000
From the calculation, it can be seen that the overhead is underapplied therefore when under applied overhead allocated to cost of goods sold then cost of goods sold decreased by $4850000.
Joe must pay liabilities of 1,000 due 6 months from now and another 1,000 due one year from now. There are two available investments: \,1. Bond I: a 6-month bond with face amount of 1,000, a 8% nominal annual coupon rate convertible semiannually, and a 6% nominal annual yield rate convertible semiannually; and \,2. Bond II: a one year bond with face amount of 1,000, a 5% nominal annual coupon rate convertible semiannually, and a 7% nominal annual yield rate convertible semiannually Calculate the amount of each bond Joe should purchase in order to exactly match the liabilities.
Answer:
future liabilities:
$1,000 in 6 months
$1,000 in 1 year
Present value of bond I (due in 6 months):
PV = $1,000 / (1 + 3%) = $970.87
Present value of bond II (due in 1 year):
PV = $1,000 / (1 + 3.5%)² = $933.51
The price of the bonds is determined by the annual yield rate (YTM), not the coupon rate. Joe will pay $970.87 for bond I and $933.51 for bond II.
The ABC Company is preparing its financial statements on December 31. During the year, they purchased IBM stock for $20,000. On December 31, the market value of the IBM stock is $8,000. The journal entry on December 31 will include a debit to:_______.
Answer:
Debit to unrealized loss for for $12,000
Explanation:
Based on the information given about ABC Company we were told that the company made a purchased of IBM stock for the amount of $20,000 in which the market value of the stock was the amount of $8,000 this means that the journal entry on December 31 will include a:
Debit to unrealized loss for for $12,000
Calculated as :
Unrealized loss=Market value - IBM stock
Unrealized loss=$8,000-$20,000
Unrealized loss=-$12,000
In Year 1 Jorge buys a home for $200,000, making a down payment of $40,000 and taking out a loan from the bank for $160,000 to finance the balance. In Year 5 the remaining loan balance is $130,000 while the home has increased in value to $270,000. Jorge refinances with a loan company that agrees to lend 125% of the value of the home, or $337,500, using $130,000 to repay the bank loan and providing $207,500 in cash. Jorge immediately spends $10,000 of the cash on a lavish vacation to the Bahamas, and $20,000 to pay down credit cards.
How much of the $337,500 home equity loan balance is allowable for calculating the home mortgage interest deduction on Jorge’s Year 5 tax return?
a. $270,000
b. $240,000
c. $230,000
d. $220,000
Answer:
Under current tax law, no option is correct. Before 2018, option C would have been right.
Explanation:
Currently under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (from Jan. 2018 until Dec. 2025) you can only deduct interests on mortgages used to purchase, build or improve your home. In this case, Jorge will only be able to deduct the interests paid on the $130,000 he owed for the first mortgage.
Interests on home equity loans will again be deductible (up to $100,000) starting Jan. 2026.
Factors of production, such as physical capital, human capital, and technological knowledge, are crucial to economic growth. Therefore, institutions that foster strong incentives and create an environment favorable to the development of such factors of production are vital to economic growth. Which of the following are examples of such institutions?
A. Competitive and open markets.B. Free-riding culture.C. A dependable legal system.D. Political stability.E. Government expropriation.
Answer:
A. Competitive and open markets.
C. A dependable legal system.
D. Political stability.
Explanation:
A Competitive and open Market ensures that people have enough incentives to invest in the development of factors of production because it rewards that investment with a healthy return. In a Competitive market, unfair competition will not be present therefore people will get equal opportunities to make returns.
A dependable Legal System and Political Stability go hand in hand to ensure that investors will have enough faith in the system to want to invest in Factors of Production. If a country is stable politically and abides by the rule of law, an investor will be assured that when they invest, these investments will be protected by the powers that be and their returns will not be impacted by political upheavals and breaches of contract that cannot be rectified.
Household members tend to have different preferences, but empirical evidence shows that overall, most households are Pareto efficient.
a. True
b. False
Liam had an extension built onto his home. He financed it for 48 months with a loan at % APR. His monthly payments were . How much was the loan amount for this extension?
Answer:
The loan is $31,694.73
Explanation:
The complete question is as follows;
Liam had an extension built onto his home. He financed it for 48 months with a loan at 5.75.7% APR. His monthly payments were $740. How much was the loan amount for this extension?
solution
We proceed as follows;
From the question, we have the following terms:
Rate = 5.7%
The monthly rate is thus;
Monthly rate = 5.7% / 12 = 0.475%
Mathematically;
Loan = Annuity * [1 - 1 / (1 + r)^n] / r
Loan = 740 * [1 - 1 / (1 + 0.00475)^48] / 0.00475
Loan = 740 * [1 - 0.796554] / 0.00475
Loan = 740 * 42.830712
Loan = $31,694.73
________ means that service quality depends on the quality of buyer-seller interaction during the service encounter.
Answer: interactive marketing
Explanation:
Interactive marketing is also referred to as event-driven marketing or trigger based marketing and it simply has to do with using an effective communication which is two-ways to enable the consumers connect directly with a company.
Interactive marketing means service quality depends on the quality of buyer-seller interaction during the service encounter.
Determine the present values if $5,000 is received in the future (i.e., at the end of each indicated time period) in each of the following situations:
percent for ten years
percent for seven years
percent for four years
Assume you are planning to invest $5,000 each year for six years and will earn 10 percent per year. Determine the future value of this annuity if your first $5,000 is invested at the end of the first year.
Determine the present value now of an investment of $3,000 made one year from now and an additional $3,000 made two years from now if the annual discount rate is 4 percent.
What is the present value of a loan that calls for the payment of $500 per year for six years if the discount rate is 10 percent and the first payment will be made one year from now? How would your answer change if the $500 per year occurred for ten years?
Determine the annual payment on a $500,000, 12 percent business loan from a commercial bank that is to be amortized over a five-year period.
Determine the annual payment on a $15,000 loan that is to be amortized over a four-year period and carries a 10 percent interest rate. Also prepare a loan amortization schedule for this loan.
Assume a bank loan requires an interest payment of $85 per year and a principal payment of $1,000 at the end of the loan's eight-year life.
At what amount could this loan be sold for to another bank if loans of similar quality carried an 8.5 percent interest rate? That is, what would be the present value of this loan?
Now, if interest rates on other similar-quality loans are 10 percent, what would be the present value of this loan?
What would be the present value of the loan if the interest rate is 8 percent on similar-quality loans?
Answer:
1)
the %s were missing so I looked for a similar question:
we must use the present value formula:
present value = future value / (1 + interest rate)ⁿ
5% ⇒ $5,000 / 1.05¹⁰ = $3,069.57
7% ⇒ $5,000 / 1.07⁷ = $3,113.75
9% ⇒ $5,000 / 1.09⁴ = $3,542.13
2)
we can use the future value of an annuity formula:
future value = annual payment x annuity factor
FV = $5,000 x 7.7156 (FV annuity factor, 10%, 6 years) = $38,578
3)
PV = $3,000/1.04 + $3,000/1.04² = $2,884.62 + $2,773.67 = $5,658.29
4)
present value of an annuity = $500 x 4.3553 (PV annuity factor, 10%, 6 periods) = $2,177.65
present value of an annuity = $500 x 6.1446 (PV annuity factor, 10%, 10 periods) = $3,072.30
5)
annual payment = present value / annuity factor = $500,000 / 3.6048 (PV annuity factor, 12%, 5 years) = $138,703.95
6)
annual payment = present value / annuity factor = $15,000 / 3.1699 (PV annuity factor, 10%, 4 years) = $4,732.01
7)
the value of the loan = PV of the principal + PV of the interest payments
PV of the principal = $1,000 / 1.085⁸ = $520.67
PV of interest payments = $85 x 5.63918 (PV annuity factor, 8.5%, 8 periods) = $479.33
market value of the debt = $1,000
8)
the value of the loan = PV of the principal + PV of the interest payments
PV of the principal = $1,000 / 1.085¹⁰ = $442.29
PV of interest payments = $85 x 5.3349 (PV annuity factor, 10%, 8 periods) = $453.47
market value of the debt = $895.76
9)
the value of the loan = PV of the principal + PV of the interest payments
PV of the principal = $1,000 / 1.08⁸ = $540.27
PV of interest payments = $85 x 5.7466 (PV annuity factor, 8.5%, 8 periods) = $488.46
market value of the debt = $1,028.73
Bronn tells Jaime, "I really like your armor." Jaime responds, "I will sell it to you for $800." Bronn states, "Sure, and throw in your sword too." Jaime then writes out the contract, detailing only that he will sell Bronn his armor and the sword. He also lists the delivery date for next Wednesday. The next week on the day of performance, Jaime fails to deliver the armor and sword. Bronn sues him for breach of contract, but Jaime claims the contract is not enforceable because it was missing the price. When Bronn filed his lawsuit, which of the following needed to be included in the written contract for enforceability?
a. signature of both parties
b. price subject
c. matter
d. delivery
e. performance
Answer:
B. price subject
Explanation:
For this contract to be enforceable, it must include price, matter and delivery date. These aspects are all best essential and should be included in the contract. From the question when Jaime wrote the contract he failed to detail the price they agreed upon. Even though the rest were included. Therefore this contract cannot be enforced since it is missing this important aspect. Option b is the answer to the question
The bookkeeper prepared a check for $48 but accidently recorded it as $95. When preparing the bank reconciliation, this should be corrected by:
Answer:
Adding $47 to the book balance.
Explanation:
The above is an example of transposition error, which is caused by substituting two or more sequential digits ; mistake would be corrected by adding $47 ($95 -$48) to the book balance.
If United Airlines acted as a "price leader" and all other airlines simply charged the same prices
that United Airlines charged, then could this action be illegal because it is a form of "silent collusion?"
A. There is no such term in microeconomics known as "tacit" or "silent collusion."
B. Matching the prices of the price leader firm is a good example of a competitive market.
C. The U.S. Anti-Trust Department has always considered this business behavior as suspicious
and it does consider this pricing strategy to be illegal.
D. The famous 1982 anti-monopoly IBM court case said that this pricing strategy within an
industry is legal as long as the firms fill out quarterly reports to keep the U.S. Anti-Trust
Answer:
D
Explanation:
The airline industry is an example of an oligopoly
An Oligopoly is when there are few large firms operating in an industry. While, a monopoly is when there is only one firm operating in an industry.
Oligopolies are characterised by :
price setting firms
product differentiation
profit maximisation
high barriers to entry or exit of firms
downward sloping demand curve
the action taken by the other airlines is known as tacit collusion.
Tacit collusion is when other companies adopt the price of the price leader
Tacit collusion is not illegal while the explicit collision is illegal.
Jiminy’s Cricket Farm issued a bond with 30 years to maturity and a semiannual coupon rate of 4 percent 2 years ago. The bond currently sells for 107 percent of its face value. The company’s tax rate is 21 percent. The book value of the debt issue is $60 million. In addition, the company has a second debt issue on the market, a zero coupon bond with 10 years left to maturity; the book value of this issue is $35 million, and the bonds sell for 76 percent of par.
Required:
a. What is the company’s total book value of debt?
b. What is the company’s total market value of debt?
c. What is your best estimate of the aftertax cost of debt?
Answer:
a. What is the company’s total book value of debt?
total book value of debt = $60,000,000 + $35,000,000 = $95,000,000
b. What is the company’s total market value of debt?
total market value of debt = ($60,000,000 x 1.07) + ($35,000,000 x 0.76) = $64,200,000 + $26,600,000 = $90,800,000
c. What is your best estimate of the after tax cost of debt?
weight of debt (using market value):
$64,200,000 / $90,800,000 = 70.7%
$26,600,000 / $90,800,000 = 29.3%
YTM bond I = {1,200,000 + [(60,000,000 - 64,200,000)/56]} / [(60,000,000 + 64,200,000)/2] = 1,125,000 / 62,100,000 = 1.8115 x 2 = 3.62%
YTM bond II = (35 / 26.6)¹/¹⁰ - 1 = 2.78%
after tax cost of debt = (0.707 x 3.62% x 0.79) + (0.293 x 2.78% x 0.79) = 2.02% + 0.64% = 2.66%
Thomas Kratzer is the purchasing manager for the headquarters of a large insurance company chain with a central inventory operation. Thomas's fastest-moving inventory item has a demand of 5,900 units per year. The cost of each unit is $102, and the inventory carrying cost is $9 per unit per year. The average ordering cost is $29 per order. It takes about 5 days for an order to arrive, and the demand for 1 week is 118 units. (This is a corporate operation, and there are 250 working days per year).
Required:
a. What is the EOQ?
b. What is the average inventory if the EOQ is used?
c. What is the optimal number of orders per year?
d. What is the optimal number of days in between any two orders?
e. What is the annual cost of ordering and holding inventory?
f. What is the total annual inventory cost, including cost of the 6,000 units?
Answer: Please find answers below
Explanation:
(a) Economic order quantity EOQ = [tex]\sqrt{2 X Annual Demand X Ordering Cost) / Carrying Cost)}[/tex]
= [tex]\sqrt{2 X 5,900 X 29 / 9 }[/tex] = [tex]\sqrt{38,022.222}[/tex]
= 194.99 units
(b) Average number of units = Economic order quantity / 2
= 194.99 / 2
= 97.496 units
(c) Optimal number of orders = Annual Demand / Economic order quantity
= 5,900units / 194.99 units =30.26
(d) Optimal number of days between two orders = Number of working days / Optimal number of orders
= 250 days / 30.26
= 8.26
Total ordering cost = Cost per order X Number of orders
= $29 X 30.26
= $ 877.54
Total holding cost = Average inventory X carrying cost per unit
= 194.99 /2 X $9
= $877.455
(e) Annual cost of ordering and holding inventorY =Total ordering cost + Total carrying cost
= $ 877.54 + $877.455
= $ 1,754.995 ≈ $1,755
(f) Total annual inventory cost =Total ordering cost +Total holding cost + Actual cost of 5900 units at $102 per unit
= $ 877.54 + $877.455 + (5,900 x 102) = $1754.995 +601,800= $603,554.995≈$603,555
Total annual inventory cost =Total ordering cost +Total holding cost + Actual cost of 6000 units at $102 per unit
= $ 877.54 + $877.455 + (6000 x 102) = $1754.995 +612,000= $613,754.995≈$613,755
A product's ________ identifies the product or brand, describes several things about the product, and promotes the brand.
Answer: label
Explanation:
Product labels are the piece of material
that are being attached to a product in order for easy identification by consumers in order to know the brand and also to know the contents.
A product's label identifies the product or brand, describes several things about the product, and promotes the brand.
A product label identifies the product or brand, describes various things about the product, and promotes the brand. Developing product labeling is therefore a strategic task that can help identify the brand and position it in the market.
An example of how labeling can provide extra benefits for companies is through environmental certifications, which can come as a seal on labels and promote the company's environmental responsibility in a widespread and fast way.
Therefore, the labeling must have the design, layout and information aligned with the company's values so that there is promotion of its products and assist in consumer choice.
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XYZ, Inc. has a beta of 0.8. The yield on a 3-month T-bill is 5%, and the yield on a 10-year T-bond is 7%. The market risk premium is 5.5%, and the return on an average stock in the market last year was 20%. What is the estimated cost of common equity using the CAPM? Show your work
Answer:
the estimated cost of common equity using the CAPM is 11.40 %.
Explanation:
Cost of Equity = Return on the Risk Free Security + Beta × Return on Market Portfolio
= 7.00 % + 0.8 × 5.5%
= 11.40 %
The estimated cost of common equity using the CAPM is 11.40 %.
Calculation of the cost of common equity;Since the return on risk-free rate is 7%, beta is 0.8 and, the market risk premium is 5.5%
So here the cost of common equity should be
= Return on the Risk Free + Beta × Market risk premium
= 7.00 % + 0.8 × 5.5%
= 11.40 %
Hence, The estimated cost of common equity using the CAPM is 11.40 %.
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Booher Book Stores has a beta of 1.0. The yield on a 3-month T-bill is 3% and the yield on a 10-year T-bond is 6%. The market risk premium is 4.5%, and the return on an average stock in the market last year was 10.5%. What is the estimated cost of common equity using the CAPM
Answer:
Cost of equity = 10.5%
Explanation:
The capital asset pricing model is a risk-based model. Here, the return on equity is dependent on the level of reaction of the the equity to changes in the return on a market portfolio. These changes are captured as systematic risk. The magnitude by which a stock is affected by systematic risk is measured by beta.
Under CAPM, Ke= Rf + β(Rm-Rf)
Rf-risk-free rate (long-term i.e 10 year treasury bill rate), β= Beta, Rm= Return on market., Ke- Return on equity (cost of equity)
This model can be used to work out the cost of equity as follows:
Ke= Rf + β (Rm-Rf)
Rf- 6%, β= 1.0, Rm- 10.5, E(r)- ?
Ke = 6% + 1.0× (10.5 -6)% = 10.5%
Ke = 10.5%
Cost of equity = 10.5%
A customer sells short 1,000 shares of ABC stock at $4 in a margin account. The customer must deposit:________.
A. $2,000
B. $2,500
C. $4,000
D. $5,000
Answer: $4000
Explanation:
A margin account is typically offered by a brokerage firms so that investors can borrow money in order to purchase securities.
A customer sells short 1,000 shares of ABC stock at $4 in a margin account. The customer must deposit:
= $4 × 1000
= $4000
If the Fed increases the discount rate, which of the following accurately describes the sequence of events that will follow in the banking system, finally leading to a decline in money supply?
A. Reserves ↓: Excess reserves ↓; Loans ↓; Deposits ↓; Money supply ↓
B. Loans ↓; Deposits ↓; Reserves ↓; Excess reserves ↓; Money supply ↓
C. Deposits ; Reserves: Excess reserves; Loans ↓; Money supply ↓
D. Excess reserves ↓; Reserves ↓; Loans ↓; Deposits ↓; Money supply ↓
Answer: A. Reserves ↓: Excess reserves ↓; Loans ↓; Deposits ↓; Money supply ↓
Explanation:
The discount rate is the rate at which the Fed lends money to banks and other depository type institutions. Normally banks have a reserve requirement that the Fed requires of them which states how much they are to leave with the Fed as a reserve. Banks tend to fall short of this reserve sometimes and so can borrow from the Fed to balance it off.
If the Fed increase the rate at which these banks can borrow, they will not want to do so thus leaving their Reserves at the Fed lower than it should be. They will then use their excess reserves which is money kept in reserve more than the Fed requires, to balance off their reserve at the Fed.
As a result of this reduction in their Excess reserve, they will have less money to give out as loans. With less loans being made, people will not have as much money to deposit after taking the loans. Money supply will then fall as a whole.
The last dividend paid by Coppard Inc. was $1.25. The dividend growth rate is expected to be constant at 27.5% for 3 years, after which dividends are expected to grow at a rate of 6% forever. If the firm's required return (rs) is 11%, what is its current stock price
Answer:
36.38
Explanation:
The Current stock price can be calculated by identifying Present value of dividends in all three years adding terminal value of dividends in year 3.
Year Dividend Growth Dividend PV factor Present Values
1 1.25 127.5% 1.59 0.900901 1.43
2 1.59 127.5% 2.03 0.811622 1.64
3 2.03 127.5% 2.59 0.731191 1.88
3 42.987(w) 0.731191 31.43
Total PV 36.38
Current Dividend = 2.59
Rate of return = 11.00%
Growth Rate = 6.00%
Terminal value = Current Dividend*(1+Growth rate)/(Rate of return-Growth Rate)
Terminal value = 2.59 x (1+0.06) / (0.11-0.06)
Terminal value =42.987
Current stock price = 1.43 +1.64+1.88+31.43
Current stock price = 36.38
Your estimate of the market risk premium is %. The risk-free rate of return is %, and General Motors has a beta of . According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), what is its expected return?
Answer:
The correct option is option A) 16.4%.
Explanation:
Note: This question is not complete as all the important data are omitted from it. The complete question is therefore provided before answering the question as follows:
Your estimate of the market risk premium is 9%. The risk-free rate of return is 3.8% and General Motors has a beta of 1.4. According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), what is its expected return?
Options:
A) 16.4%
B) 17.2%
C) 14.8%
D) 15.6%
The question is now answered as followed:
Capital asset pricing model (CAPM) can be described as a model that is employed to compute a theoretical required rate of an asset in order decide whether or not to add assets a portfolio of investment that is well-diversified.
According to the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), the expected return can be calculated using the following formula:
Expected return = Risk-free rate + (Beta * Market ris premium) .......... (1)
Where;
Risk-free rate of return = 3.8%
Market risk premium = 9%
Beta = 1.4
Substitute the values into equation (1), we have:
Expected return = 3.8% + (1.4 * 9%) = 16.40%
Therefore, the correct option is option A) 16.4%.
While making organizational decisions, managers should take into consideration the needs and interests of the employees, suppliers, and customers, who are the organization's _____.
Answer:
Stakeholders.
Explanation:
Stakeholders are the group of people who may be interested in the processes of a particular company. They are formed by the group of employees, suppliers and customers, who are the stakeholders in the organization.
Therefore, it is necessary that strategic actions and business processes are aimed at satisfying the interests and needs of stakeholders, who are the company's public, that is, the reason for the existence of a company.
It is important for the company to identify who its stakeholders are and how they directly impact the business, so that it can shape a strategy that is aligned with its interests and what they expect from the company.
Satisfying stakeholders and adopting corporate governance, contributes to the company having a strong market position and achieving several competitive and strategic advantages in the market, increasing its results and profitability.
Demand characteristics can threaten internal validity because the results ____ can be explained by reactivity instead of the treatment conditions correlate with those that threaten external validity may be specific to the experimenter who has the expectations may not generalize to situations where demand characteristics are different
Answer: can be explained by reactivity instead of the treatment conditions
Explanation:
Internal validity is the degree of confidence that a researcher has when he or she believes that the causal relationship that is not being influenced by other variables and therefore trustworthy.
Demand characteristics can threaten internal validity because the results can be explained by reactivity instead of the treatment conditions.
Prepare journal entries to record the following four separate issuances of stock. A corporation issued 9,000 shares of $10 par value common stock for $108,000 cash. A corporation issued 4,500 shares of no-par common stock to its promoters in exchange for their efforts, estimated to be worth $49,500. The stock has a $1 per share stated value. A corporation issued 4,500 shares of no-par common stock to its promoters in exchange for their efforts, estimated to be worth $49,500. The stock has no stated value. A corporation issued 2,250 shares of $25 par value preferred stock for $105,750 cash.
Answer: Please see answer in explanation column
Explanation:
1. Being issued in excess of par value
Account titles & Explanations Debit Credit
Cash $108,000
Common stock(9,000 x 10) $90,000
paid in capital in excess of par value
Common Stock(108,000 - 90,000) $18,000
2.Being issued to promoters at stated value
Account titles & Explanations Debit Credit
Organisational expense $49,500
common stock (4500 x 1 ) $4,500
paid in capital in excess of stated value
Common stock (49,500 -4,500) $45,000
3 Being issued to promoters at no stated value
Account titles & Explanations Debit Credit
organisational expense $49,500
Common stock of no par value $49,500
4 Being issued of preferred shared in excess of par value
Account titles & Explanations Debit Credit
Cash $105,750
Preferred Stock(2,250 X $25) $56,250
paid in capital in excess of par value
of preferred stock ( $105,750- $56,250) $49,500
What is the present value (PV) of an investment that pays $60,000 every year for four years if the interest rate is 9% APR, compounded quarterly?
Answer:
PV= $798,757.88
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Cf= $60,000
i= 0.09/4= 0.0225
n= 4*4= 16
First, we need to calculate the future value using the following formula:
FV= {A*[(1+i)^n-1]}/i
A= annual cash flow
FV= {60,000*[(1.0225^16) - 1]} / 0.0225
FV= $1,140,323.89
Now, the present value:
PV= FV/(1+i)^n
PV= 1,140,323.89/(1.0225^16)
PV= $798,757.88
Members of the board of directors of have received the following operating income data for the year ended: May 31, 2018:
Members of the board are surprised that the industrial systems product line is not profitable. They commission a study to determine whether the company should drop the line. Company accountants estimate that dropping industrial systems will decrease fixed cost of goods sold by and decrease fixed selling and administrative expenses by $10,000.
Requirements:
1. Prepare a differential analysis to show whether Safety Point Safety Point should drop the industrial systems product line.
2. Prepare contribution margin income statements to show Safety Point's Safety Point's total operating income under the two alternatives: (a) with the industrial systems line and (b) without the line. Compare the difference between the two alternatives' income numbers to your answer to Requirement 1.
3. What have you learned from the comparison in Requirement 2?
Product Line
Industrial Household
Systems Total
Net Sales Revenue $340,000 $370,000 $710,000
Cost of Goods Sold:
Variable 36,000 46,000 82,000
Fixed 250,000 69,000 319,000
Total Cost of Goods
Sold 286,000 115,000 401,000
Gross Profit 54,000 255,000 309,000
Selling and Administrative Expenses:
Variable 65,000 72,000 137,000
Fixed 45,000 22,000 67,000
Total Selling and Administrative
Expenses 110,000 94,000 204,000
Operating Income
(Loss) ($56,000) $161,000 $105,000
Question Completion:
Safety Point Company accountants estimate that dropping industrial systems will decrease fixed cost of goods sold by $50,000 and decrease fixed selling and administrative expenses by $10,000.
Answer:
Safety Point Company1. Differential Analysis, showing Safety Point Dropping the Industrial Systems Product Line:
Net Sales Revenue $370,000
Cost of Goods Sold:
Variable 46,000
Fixed 269,000
Total Cost of Goods Sold 315,000
Gross Profit 55,000
Selling and Administrative Expenses:
Variable 72,000
Fixed 57,000
Total Selling and Administrative
Expenses 129,000
Operating Income (Loss) ($74,000)
2. Safety Point Company's Contribution Margin Income Statements for the year ended May 31, 2018, under the two alternatives:
Without With
Industrial Systems
Net Sales Revenue $370,000 $710,000
Variable costs:
Cost of Goods Sold 46,000 82,000
Selling and Administrative 72,000 137,000
Total Cost of Goods Sold 118,000 219,000
Contribution Margin 252,000 491,000
Fixed Expenses:
Cost of goods sold 269,000 319,000
Selling and Administrative 57,000 67,000
Total Fixed Expenses 326,000 386,000
Operating Income (Loss) ($74,000) $105,000
3. The comparison in requirement 2 shows that eliminating the Industrial Systems Product Line makes Safety Point Company unprofitable with an operating loss of $74,000. This loss cannot be compared to the total operating income of $105,000 which is made with the industrial systems. So, it is not the Industrial System Product line that is causing Safety Point Company to record a loss of $56,000. It is the fixed cost of $60,000 which cannot be eliminated with the elimination of the Industrial System product line that causes the loss and reduces total operating for the company.
Explanation:
a) Data:
Safety Point
Income Statement for the year ended May 31, 2018:
Product Line
Industrial Household
Systems Systems Total
Net Sales Revenue $340,000 $370,000 $710,000
Cost of Goods Sold:
Variable 36,000 46,000 82,000
Fixed 250,000 69,000 319,000
Total Cost of Goods Sold 286,000 115,000 401,000
Gross Profit 54,000 255,000 309,000
Selling and Administrative Expenses:
Variable 65,000 72,000 137,000
Fixed 45,000 22,000 67,000
Total Selling and Administrative
Expenses 110,000 94,000 204,000
Operating Income (Loss) ($56,000) $161,000 $105,000
Muy Bueno Bakery sells three different products. Currently they are not able to meet all of their customers' demand. Using the following information, determine the price of the cake needed to meet the same contribution margin as the cookies. Cake Pie Cookies Contribution margin $18 $11 $3 Production hours 2 1.5 .25 Variable cost $12 $7 $1 Contribution margin/hr. $9 $7.33 $12 Current selling price $30 $18 $5 a.$45 b.$30 c.$42 d.$36
Answer:
d. $36
Explanation:
The Contribution margin is the net of selling price and variable cost of a product. It is calculated by deducting the variable cost from the selling price of a product.
Cake Pie Cookies
Current selling price $30 $18 $5
Variable cost $12 $7 $1
Contribution margin $18 $11 $3
Production hours 2 1.5 0.25
Contribution margin/hr. $9 $7.33 $12
Required Contribution margin per hour of cake = $12
Required Contribution margin = $12 x 2 = $24
Required Selling Price = Contribution margin + variable cost = $24 + $12 = $36
Note there is a mistake in the calculation of Contribution margin of Cookies as it is given $3 but after deducting the variable cost from selling price is should be $4 ( $5 - $1 ), I used the given contribution margin for the calculation.
