Physics High School

A sphere of radius r0 = 23.0 cm and mass = 1.20 kg starts from rest and rolls without slipping down a 33.0 degree incline incline that is 12.0 m long.
1.Calculate its translational speed when it reaches the bottom.
v=______________m/s
2. Calculate its rotational speed when it reaches the bottom.

Answers

Answer 1

1) The the translational speed of sphere when it reaches the bottom is 4.830 m/s.

v=4.830 m/s

2) The rotational speed of the sphere when it reaches the bottom is 21.0 rad/s.

Let us calculate the translational speed of the sphere when it reaches the bottom using the principle of conservation of energy.

Total energy at the top, E = Potential energy = mgh

Total energy at the bottom, E' = Kinetic energy + rotational kinetic energy + potential energy

V = Translational speed of sphere

ω = Rotational speed of sphere

Kinetic energy, K.E = 1/2 mv²

Rotational kinetic energy, K.E' = 1/2 Iω²

Where, I = Moment of inertia of the sphere

Let us calculate each term one by one

1) We know that

Moment of inertia of solid sphere, I = 2/5 mr²

Where, r is the radius of sphere, m is the mass of sphere

Substitute the given values and calculate

I = 2/5 × 1.20kg × (23.0cm)²

I = 0.686kg m²

Potential energy at the top, E = mgh

Where, g is the acceleration due to gravity

Substitute the given values and calculate

E = 1.20kg × 9.8 m/s² × 12.0mE

= 141.12 J

Kinetic energy at the bottom, K.E = E' - K.E'

Where, E' is the total energy at the bottom

Substitute the given values and calculate

K.E = (1/2) mv² + (1/2) Iω² - mgh

But, here the sphere is rolling without slipping. Therefore, v = rω

v = r0 ω

Substitute the given values and calculate

K.E = (1/2) mv² + (1/2) I (v/r0)² - mgh

141.12 = (1/2) (1.20kg) (r0ω)² + (1/2) (0.686kg m²) (ω/r0)² - (1.20kg) (9.8m/s²) (12.0m)

141.12 = 0.5 × 1.20 × (0.23ω)² + 0.5 × 0.686 × (ω/0.23)² - 137.088ω = 4.830 m/s

2) Now, let us calculate the rotational speed of the sphere when it reaches the bottom by substituting the value of v in the above equation.

ω = v/r0

ω = 4.830m/s / 0.23m

ω = 21.0 rad/s

Learn more about conservation of energy at

https://brainly.com/question/30155524?

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