Professionals really do is store, organize and analyze information and solving real problems.
What are the main purposes of using MIS in an organization?To assess, create, implement, and manage computerized information systems in an organizational setting, management information systems (MIS) blends computer technology with managerial decision-making techniques.The three processes that an information system uses to create the information an organization needs are input, processing, and output.MIS also refers to computer software that is used to store, organise, and analyze information in addition to being a department inside a firm. Systems for managing information are used to monitor sales, inventories, equipment, and other business-related data.Process control, office automation, enterprise resource planning, financial systems, and management reporting are some further examples of management information systems used in an organization.Learn more about management information systems refer to :
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Economists involved in discussions of healthcare, climate change, immigration and other topics have no consensus in how to address them because
a. they revolve around discussions of equality versus environment.
b. there are too many correct outcomes and economists are not good at making decisions.
c.policies to address these issues involve trade offs for society and influence the efficiency of markets.
d.economists have been studying these issues for many years.
Economists involved in discussions about healthcare, climate change, immigration, and other issues address them because policies to address these issues involve trade-offs for society and affect market efficiency. Hence option C is correct .
What is Market ?In economics, a market is defined as a collection of systems, institutions, processes, social relationships, or infrastructures that allow parties to exchange goods and services.
Even though parties can exchange goods and services for cash, the vast majority of markets rely on vendors offering their goods or services—including labor—to customers in exchange for money. In this sense, a market is the system that determines the prices of goods and services. Markets facilitate trade by distributing and allocating resources within a community.
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pertains to performance and the quality and quantity of task outputs as defined by team goals. a. commitment b. norm c. productive output d. capacity to adapt e. satisfaction
Productive output pertains to performance and the quality and quantity of task outputs as defined by team goals. option c
What is meant by productive output?The number of units actually produced by a single facility or operation over the course of a single continuous 12-month period is referred to as productive output.
Productivity is the amount of output that can be generated from a given set of inputs. When more output is generated using the same number of inputs or when the same amount of output is produced using fewer inputs, productivity increases. There are two productivity ideas that are frequently employed.
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you open a new window and pull that up. you put $2,000 into an account with apr of 4%. which compound interval will yield the most money?
The math for compound interest is simple: Principal x interest = new balance. Which is $4,871.
What is compound interval?Any interval longer than an octave is referred to as a compound interval. Nineteenth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, and so on are the names of compound intervals. They can be compared to simple intervals, which are their counterparts an octave below. Interest is added to your account more frequently than once a year in the real world. For instance, a checking account with 5% yearly interest may generate interest daily. As a result, interest is deposited into your account at a rate of 1/365 of 5% per day. A compound interval is any interval that is greater than an octave (8va); simple intervals are intervals that are less than an octave. Any compound interval, which most often occurs in musical situations, can be converted into a simple interval.
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paradox theory states the key paradox in management is that there is no final optimal status for an organization. true false
True, paradox theory states the key paradox in management is that there is no final optimal status for an organization.
What is organizational behavior?
Organizational behavior is an area of study that looks at how individuals, groups and structures interact within an organization. It examines topics such as employee motivation, leadership, communication, decision-making, job satisfaction and job design. It also looks at how organisations can use these factors to improve performance, increase job satisfaction and create a positive working environment. OB seeks to understand and predict how individuals, teams, and organizations will behave in different situations. It also looks at how organizations can be managed to foster better performance and productivity.
The paradox theory of management states that organizations cannot achieve a final optimal status, as there is always a need to continually adapt to changes in the environment. The theory suggests that organizations are in a constant state of change, with each change leading to a new set of challenges and opportunities. Organizations must be able to recognize and respond to these changes in order to remain competitive and successful.
Therefore, true is the correct answer.
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your broker requires an initial margin of $4,000 per futures contract on soybeans and a maintenance margin of $3,000 per contract. soybean futures contracts are based on 5,000 bushels and quoted in cents per bushel. yesterday, you bought six soybean futures contracts at the closing settlement price of 1380. today, the settlement quote is 1335. all margin calls restore margin levels to their initial margin level. will you receive a margin call and, if so, for what amount?
Yes, you will receive a margin call and the amount call is $13,500.
What is margin call?Margin is the security that a financial instrument holder must deposit with a counterparty (often their broker or an exchange) to cover all or part of the credit risk the holder poses for the counterparty. The following actions by the holder could put them at risk:
borrowed money from the counterparty to buy securities,
borrowed financial products to be short sold,
a derivative contract was entered into.
A margin account's collateral, which represents the funds available to the account holder for additional share trading, can be either the money deposited in the account or the securities offered. Prior to becoming known as margins, performance bonds were the term used on American futures exchanges. The majority of today's exchanges are in SPAN.
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Fill in the missing values in the following table, selecting the answers closest to the values you calculate.
Year
Quantity of Money
Velocity of Money
Price Level
Quantity of Output
Nominal GDP
(Dollars)
(Dollars)
(Cell phones)
(Dollars)
2017 200 ??
5.00 400 ?
2018 202 10 ?? 400 ??
The money supply grew at a rate of (.5%, 1%, 1.25%, 101%) from 2017 to 2018. Since cell phone output did not change from 2017 to 2018 and the velocity of money (increased, decreased, remained the same), the change in the money supply was reflected (partially, entirely) in changes in the price level. The inflation rate from 2017 to 2018 was (.5%,1%,1.25%,101%).
The velocity of money in 2017 is 10.
The nominal GDP in 2017 is $2000.
The price level in 2018 is $5.05.
The nominal GDP is $2020.
The money supply grew at a rate of 1% from 2017 to 2018. Since cell phone output did not change from 2017 to 2018 and the velocity of money remained the same, the change in the money supply was reflected entirely in changes in the price level. The inflation rate from 2017 to 2018 was 1%.
What is the nominal GDP and the velocity of money?Nominal GDP is the total value of goods and services produced by a country using current year prices. Nominal GDP is the product of the price level and the quantity of output.
Nominal GDP = price x quantity of output
Nominal GDP in 2017 = $5 x 400 = $2000
Velocity measures how fast money changes hands in the economy. According to the quantity theory of money, the product of velocity and the quantity of money is equal to nominal GDP.
Velocity x quantity of money = price level x quantity of output
Velocity x quantity of money = nominal GDP
Velocity = nominal GDP / quantity of money
Velocity in 2017 = $2000 / $200 = 10
Changes in price levels is used to measure the rate of inflation in the economy.
Price level = (Velocity x quantity of money) / quantity of output
Price level in 2018 = (202 x 10) / 400 = 5.05
Nominal GDP in 2018 = 5.05 x 400 = 2020
Inflation rate increase from 2017 to 2018 = (price level in 2018 / price level in 2017) - 1
Inflation rate increase from 2017 to 2018 = (5.05 / 5) - 1 = 0.01 = 1%
Increase in money supply from 2017 to 2018 = (quantity of money in 2018 / quantity of money in 2017) - 1
Increase in money supply from 2017 to 2018 = (202 / 200) - 1 = 0.01 = 1%
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a guaranteed residual multiple choice question. increases the present value of lease payments. can increase or decrease the present value of lease payments depending on the lease term. decreases the present value of lease payments. does not affect the present value of lease payments.
A guaranteed residual increases the present value of lease payments.
The guaranteed residual value is a commitment made by the lessee that the lessor will be able to sell the leased asset for a specific price at the conclusion of the lease. The present value of the future lease payments due by the lessee must take into account this commitment since it might result in a payment in the future.
The lessee has the option to guarantee or not guarantee the residual value. At times, the lessor and the lessee will agree to pay any shortfall in residual value that the lessor realizes at the conclusion of the lease period below a certain sum. That specified sum in this situation serves as the assured residual value.
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One consideration in choosing a marketing channel is profitability, which is determined by the margins earned for each channel member and for the channel as a whole. Based on this information, which of the following statements would be most accurate?- The more responsibilities a channel member takes in terms of distribution, advertising, and selling expenses, the greater the potential for manufacturer profitability.- The more responsibilities the manufacturer assumes relative to its channel members, the greater the potential for profitability.- The extent to which channel members share costs determines the margins received by each member and by the channel as a whole.- While channel members can increase profitability by taking on distribution and selling expenses, advertising expenses should always remain with the manufacturer if a firm is looking for the greatest profitability.- Profitability is not related to the length or nature of the distribution chain but determined by the manufacturer.
Option (c), The margins that each channel member and the channel as a whole obtain depend on how much they share costs.
How much money does the channel of distribution make?The channel margin is, to put it simply, the difference between what the client pays and what the supplier must pay at that particular point in the distribution channel. Channel margins can be computed as a percentage of the selling price or as a per-unit sum.
What four types of distribution are used in supply chain management?There are four main distribution channels that a business can choose from when deciding how to advertise its products most effectively. Direct sales, wholesale, brokerage, and dual distribution are some of the options. Choose your distribution partners for your supply chain carefully to follow best practices.
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The hands-off view of the classical school rests on which of the following two simple propositions about markets? a. Demand creates its own supply and markets are basically competitive. b. Industrial policy is inevitable and all prices are flexible. c. Market failure occurs and prices are rigid. d. Wages are sticky downward and market failure is inevitable. e. Markets are basically competitive and prices are flexible.
The hands-off view of the classical school rests on Markets are basically competitive and prices are flexible.
Hence, option E is correct.
How does this occur?
A lClassical economic theory was created not long after western capitalism first emerged. It alludes to the predominant school of economic theory in the eighteenth and nineteenth century. Classical economic theory aided nations in their transition from monarchical to self-regulatory capitalistic democracies.
All marketing efforts that are conducted the conventional method, away from the internet, are referred to as traditional marketing (or classical marketing). It makes use of conventional media, particularly broadcasting, including television, radio, print newspapers and magazines, telephony, and billboards for outdoor advertising.
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harry is thinking about meeting connie. he writes a text message to connie, inviting her for a drink at the local bar. this is an example of
The procedure that Harry followed to meet connie is an example of - Encoding.
What is encoding?Encoding is the process of converting ideas into language. The message is transmitted by the encoder using a "medium" such a phone call, email, text message, in-person meeting, or other communication method.
In various domains, encoding might have different implications-
Encoding is the procedure used in computer technology to apply a certain code, such as letters, symbols, and numbers, to data in order to transform it into a comparable cipher.
Encoding in electronics is the conversion of analog signals into digital ones.
Example of encoding-
A youngster can encode a sound, for instance, if they hear the sound /t/ and then write the letter 't'.
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if the nominal interest rate is 10% and the inflation rate is expected to be about 4%, what is the approximate real interest rate?
If the real interest rate is yearly, then 10% and the anticipated rate of inflation is 4%,The nominal interest rate would be about.14% (10% + 4% = 14%).
What do you mean by interest?Your interests are indeed the things that you like to do and the things that you prefer to learn about. of curiosity. When something is interesting, it keeps your interest and piques your curiosity: There was not much of interest discussed.
What is an example of simple interest?Simple Interest (Innovative capabilities) is a way for figuring out how much interest will accrue on a specific principal sum of money at a certain rate of interest. For instance, if someone borrows Rs. 5000 at the a rate of Ten p.a. for 2 years, they will pay S.I. on the money borrowed for those two years.
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Which of the following is a voluntary lien?
A. Mortgage lien
B. Estate tax lien
C. Real estate tax lien
D. Judgment lien
A is the best choice because the mortgage lien is a voluntary lien. The primary lien on the majority of properties, your mortgage, is actually extremely advantageous.
What exactly is a mortgage lien on real estate?A lien is a legal right that grants an individual or organization a claim to a collateral asset until the debt is paid in full. If the obligation is not paid in full, the lien holder has the right to take the borrower's property. Even though this essay is mostly about houses, you might also have liens on your car or other things that you pay off over time.
In general, it is bad to have a lien on your house or other property. However, liens are present on the homes of a lot of people.
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cody organized, owns, and operates cypress tours in the simplest form of business organization. this is
Cody organized, owns, and operates cypress tours in the simplest form of business organization. this is a sole proprietorship
Who is a sole proprietor?A sole proprietor is a person who operates an unincorporated business by themselves. However, if a domestic limited liability company (LLC) is treated as a corporation and you are its only member, you are not regarded as the firm's sole owner.
A sole proprietorship, sometimes referred to as a sole trader or a proprietorship, is an unincorporated business with just one owner who is accountable for paying personal income tax on the organization's profits. Many single proprietors conduct their business using their own names because it is not mandatory to register a unique business or trade name.
A sole proprietorship is the most simple sort of business to start or end because there is no government regulation. Sole owners, consultants, and other independent contractors typically run these kinds of businesses. Most small businesses start out as sole proprietorships, expand, and eventually change to a corporation or limited liability entity.
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on july 1, atlantic cruise lines issues a $200,000, eight-month, 6% note. interest is payable at maturity. what is the amount of interest expense that the company would record in a year-end adjusting entry on december 31?
Maturity date = July 1 + 8 months = March 1
Total interest incured on maturity = 200,000(0.0625) 8/12 = $8,333.33
Number of months as at December 31 = 6 months
Therefore, the amount of interest expense that the company would record in a year-end adjustment on december 31 is given by:
Interest expense = 8,333.33/8 * 6= $ 6,250.
What is Interest expense?An interest expense is the cost incurred by an entity for borrowed funds. Interest expense is a non-operating expense shown on the income statement. It represents interest payable on any borrowings—bonds, loans, convertible debt or lines of credit. It is essentially calculated as the interest rate times the outstanding principal amount of the debt. Interest expense on the income statement represents interest accrued during the period covered by the financial statements, and not the amount of interest paid over that period. While interest expense is tax-deductible for companies, in an individual's case, it depends on their jurisdiction and also on the loan's purpose.For most people, mortgage interest is the single-biggest category of interest expense over their lifetimes as interest can total tens of thousands of dollars over the life of a mortgage as illustrated by online calculators.To learn more about mortgage refer to:
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what is the impact on economic capital of a 25 basis point decrease in interest rates if the fi is holding a 20-year, fixed-rate, 11 percent annual coupon bond selling at a par value of $100,000?
Positive $2,024 shows that bond value increased by $2,024 due to decrease in interest rates by 25 basis point as impact on economic capital.
What is interest rate?
The interest rate formula aids in determining the loan repayment amount as well as the interest on investments made in fixed deposits, mutual funds, etc. Calculating the interest on credit cards is made easier by using the interest rate formula.
Decrease of 25 basis point decrease in interest rates ,means 0.25% decrease in YTM yield to maturity or market interest rates , 100 basis points means 1% .
By calculating bond value at a lower YTM or market interest rate and contrasting new bond value with existing bond value, the impact on economic capital will be determined.
Since the bond in the example was sold for par value, the yearly coupon rate, which was previously 11%, has now been cut by 0.25% to 11%-0.25%, or 10.75%, but since the coupon has not changed in our case, it will still be 11%.
Annual coupon = Face value of bond x Coupon Rate = 100,000 x 11% = $11,000
YTM is 10.75% p.a (annual) reduced YTM or interest rate
n= no. of coupon = No. Of years left = 20
bond price = $11000 x 8.09529899 + 100000 x 0.12975535
= $102,024
Impact on economic capital = New Bond value - old Bond value
= $102,024 - $100,000
= $2,024
positive $2,024 shows that bond value increased by $2,024 due to decrease in interest rates by 25 basis point as impact on economic capital.
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in solving a problem, a manager group of answer choices changes the situation in which the problem occurs. settles for less than ideal. selects the optimal response. eliminates the problem situation. chooses a satisfactory solution.
in solving a problem, a manager group of answer choices changes the situation in which the problem occurs- selects the optimal response.
what is optimal response?The reaction rate that optimises the reinforcement rate is what we refer to as the ideal response rate. R is the reinforcing rate. p(r; t, )t-1 = R(t, ). Numerous well-known learning theories have been developed as a result of the examination of reaction rates' significant influence on psychology. However, there is growing interest in interpreting response rates as a choice about how to space replies through time rather than as a general response to relationships or worth. Recent studies have demonstrated that both people and mice are capable of timing a single action to maximise reward. Here, we demonstrate how humans and rats approach the optimal reinforcement rate yet consistently react more quickly than they should. This is done using the well-known DRL timed challenge.
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modern technology has made it possible for individuals who work in traditionally urban jobs, such as stockbrokers, to live in rural areas. what concept is this an example of?
This illustration demonstrates the idea of counterurbanization, which is the movement of people form urban to rural areas.
Which four migration types are there?Moving within just a state, nation, or continent is referred to as internal migration. migrating to a new state, nation, or continent is known as external migration. Influx of refugees is the acts of relocating to another country. Immigrating to another country.
Which migration examples come to mind?For instance, salmon are produced in rivers and migrate to the sea to reproduce and develop.They return to the rivers where they were born to spawn after spending five to 10 years in the ocean. Gecarcoidea natalis red crabs from Christmas Island migrate for comparable reasons.
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given the following financials and a 365-day year, what is the cash-to-cash cycle? sales: $50,002 cost of goods sold: $42,068 beginning inventory: $1,051 ending inventory: $1,301 receivables: $6,493 payables: $11,293
Required 1 Required 2 Use the information above to compute the number of days in the cash conversion cycle for each year.
Cash: What Is It?Currency or coins are considered legal tender and can be used to pay for goods, settle debts, or exchange services. In some cases, the value of assets that can be quickly converted into cash is also included, as provided by a corporation.
Why does cash matter in accounting?Cash accounting is used by companies that only record transactions once money has actually changed hands. Until payment is received or paid, these companies won't report income or expenses. It doesn't matter if the goods and services have been delivered or if the invoice has been sent.
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if government purchases were to decrease by $300 billion or if taxes were increased by $300 billion, the equilibrium level of real gdp would decrease by
Answer: more than $300 billion.
Explanation:
Therefore, as per the multiplier effect, if the government's purchasing worth $ 300 billion were decreased, or taxes were increased by $300 billion, it will directly impact the equilibrium level of real GDP and would decrease by more than $300 billion.
How many francs is the tariff (“protecting duty”) that is added to a product that ends with a product that is priced 40 francs in paris?
Answer:
25
Explanation:
a country has domestic investment of $200 billion. its citizens purchase $600 of foreign assets and foreign citizens purchase $300 of its assets. what is national saving?
a country has domestic investment of $200 billion. $500 billion is national saving.
What is domestic investment?Gross private domestic investment is the measure of physical investment used in computing GDP in the measurement of nations' economic activity. This is an important component of GDP because it provides an indicator of the future productive capacity of the economy. It includes replacement purchases plus net additions to capital assets plus investments in inventories. From 2002 to 2011 it amounted to 14.9% of GDP, and from 1945 to 2011 was 15.7% of GDP (BEA, USDC, 2013). Net investment is gross investment minus depreciation. Of the four categories of GDP (investment, consumption, net exports, and government spending on goods and services) it is by far the least stable.
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a fisherman on the island of fiji manages to feed his family and provide the basic necessities for them. by selling fish in the local market, he also is able to earn cash that allows him to buy modern cooking implements and utensils for his wife. this fisherman can be said to have achieved:
A fisherman on the island of Fiji manages to feed his circle of relatives and offers simple requirements for them. via selling fish inside the nearby marketplace, he also is capable of earning cash that allows him to buy modern-day cooking implements and utensils for his spouse. This fisherman can be stated to have completed: subsistence affluence.
Profits are the income generated through an enterprise. they're derived by means of subtracting the price of goods offered, working expenses, and taxes from revenue. The generation of earnings is a key riding force in the back of the formation and subsequent operation of a business. income can then be used to pay dividends to shareholders.
Profits and income are regularly used interchangeably, however, they may be exceptional. standard, those terms are usually differentiated by means of the adjectives that precede them. for instance, internet income, or gross earnings. The time period profits is the maximum normally used while discussing the bottom line of a corporation's earnings declaration. income is the amount of money you make from doing a task. you may be plenty extra enthusiastic about babysitting whilst you study your income could be extra than beneficiant.
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when one firm responds to a rival's cheating by cheating and to a rival's cooperation by cooperating, that firm is practicing a:
When is the case here, as more businesses enter an oligopolistic market, collaboration becomes more difficult as revenues. The correct response is D.why firms will not cooperate if they behave strategically.
Decline and businesses begin to act more egotistically. Companies will always be looking to cheat in order to make this profit, so in this scenario the cheating firm has an incentive to do so because the profit is so much bigger than sharing. The other businesses would respond by raising prices.
And they would all suffer the prisoner's dilemma is cited or recognised as a game theory example that tends to show why it can be challenging to organise and keep collaboration, even though it could be extremely beneficial to both parties.
Complete question:
when one firm responds to a rival's cheating by cheating and to a rival's cooperation by cooperating, that firm is practicing a
A. why firms have an incentive to cheat on agreements.
B. how oligopolists engage in implicit collusion under strategic situations.
C. how cooperation in strategic situations leads to the economically efficient market outcome.
D. why firms will not cooperate if they behave strategically.
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in the exploration stage of a sales relationship, while responding to a complaint, after the customer tells his or her story and the facts are determined, what would be the next step for the salesperson?
In the exploration stage of a sales relationship, while responding to a complaint, after the customer tells his or her story and the facts are determined, the next step for the salesperson is to offer a solution
What is a salesperson?Generally, During the exploration stage, you will be gathering information on the capabilities, interests, and requirements of families and parents living in your neighborhood.
Your program may do an analysis of the many available curriculums. During this phase of the process, your program will also assemble the team that will be responsible for directing and carrying out the implementation.
It is the job of the salesman to welcome clients, assist them in locating things they are looking for inside the shop, and ring up their purchases. To be effective as a salesman you must have strong communication abilities. A successful salesman may achieve their sales goals while maintaining a positive attitude and being helpful to consumers.
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upward communication gives employees a chance to air grievances, report progress and provide feedback on management initiatives. a. true b. false
In upward communication employees can communicate directly with upper management to provide feedback, complaints, or suggestions about the company's day-to-day operations, so the given statement is true.
What is upward communication?Meetings at work are an example of upward communication because they allow upper management and lower-level employees to interact in person.Upward communication is the process by which employees communicate directly with upper management in order to provide feedback, share ideas, and raise concerns about their day-to-day work. Historically, downward communication was regarded as the most important type of workplace communication.Upward communication keeps managers informed about how their employees feel about their jobs, policies and procedures, and the company in general. It includes methods such as employee feedback, which aids in the development of mutual trust and assists the organization in determining, implementing, or deciding on new policies.The communication methods available to lower-level employees can impede upward communication.To learn more about upward communication refer to :
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what are two examples of economic forces within a company's general environment? multiple select question. marijuana legalization the unemployment rate bank interest rates hurricane katrina
The correct option is B and C. The two examples of economic forces within a company's general environment of The unemployment rate and bank interest rates.
financial forces are factors that include monetary and monetary policies, hobby charges, employment, inflation fee, demographic adjustments, political changes, electricity, security, and natural disasters. All of these have a right-away effect on how corporations produce and distribute their services or products.
Those elements decide a business enterprise’s volume of calls for its product and affect its advertising techniques and activities. The monetary device is made of 3 fundamental steps. the primary one being manufacturing and then there's a distribution of the produced items and then the closing step is the consumption of the identical. Now all that is viable because of two factors- Human useful resources and herbal resources.
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typically result(s) in the acquiring firm being able to prevent valuable human resources in the acquired firm from leaving. a. financial slack b. private synergy c. high compensation d. friendly acquisitions
Friendly Acquisition is typically result in the acquiring firm being able to prevent valuable human resources in the acquired firm from leaving.
Option D is correct.
What is good Acquisition ?Good acquisitions share value creation on both the buy side and the sell side. Added value can be measured through organizational and cultural change. For example, a hardware company buys a startup and equips its business with a new software lens.
What is an acquisition strategy?The Acquisition Strategy identifies the acquisition approach and key assumptions and the business, technical, product support, security, and supportability strategies that the PM will employ to manage program risks and achieve program objectives. A comprehensive and integrated plan that describes the strategy.
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describe the options that you have if the goods that you receive as a buyer are nonconforming to the goods described within a written sales contract?
Nonconforming goods are delivered that don't satisfy the specifications (quantities and qualities) of the requested goods defined in a purchase contract.
What are the remedies available to a buyer?1. Lawsuit for Damages for Non-Delivery - If the seller wilfully fails or declines to deliver the products to the buyer, the buyer may bring a lawsuit for damages for non-delivery. Additionally, in the event of non-delivery, the buyer has the right to get their money back, if they have already paid the price.
2. Lawsuit for price - In the event that the buyer has already paid the price but the items are not delivered to him, he may sue to reclaim the money.
3. Suit for specific performance - When the goods are specified or determinable, the buyer may bring legal action against the seller to require him to fulfil the same goods as agreed upon under the terms of the contract. Only in cases where the products are specific or known, does the court issue orders for specific performance and damages.
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bsg - how can companies avoid significant exchange rate cost adjustments of shipping to latin america?
By transporting all of the product from a North American factory to Latin America, businesses can avoid large exchange rate cost changes for shipping there.
What are exchange rates?Simply put, the rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another is known as the exchange rate between two currencies. For instance, if the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Japanese yen is 80, then 1 U.S. dollar will get you 80 Japanese yen, and it is obvious that it will cost 80 Japanese yen to buy 1 U.S. dollar.The rate of economic activity, the level of market interest rates, the gross domestic product, and the unemployment rate in each of the countries involved all have a role in determining the level of the exchange rate between any two currencies. In the global financial market, where banks and other financial institutions trade currencies round-the-clock based on their opinions on the aforementioned elements as well as their own financing requirements and investment objectives, exchange rates are set.Exchange rates are continually changing from day to day, and often even from minute to minute, due to the 24-hour nature of the world's currency exchanges. Changes can be subtle or rather spectacular.Changes in exchange rates have an impact on businesses in two ways: first, by altering the price of goods imported from other nations and, second, by altering how desirable their products are to customers abroad.Hence, By transporting all of the product from a North American factory to Latin America, businesses can avoid large exchange rate cost changes for shipping there.
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alexander's athletic apparel has 1,100 shares of 5%, $100 par value preferred stock the company issued at the beginning of 2023. all remaining shares are common stock. the company was not able to pay dividends in 2023, but plans to pay dividends of $13,000 in 2024. required: 1. & 2. how much of the $13,000 dividend will be paid to preferred stockholders and how much will be paid to common stockholders in 2024, assuming the preferred stock is cumulative? what if the preferred stock were noncumulative?
a) If the preferred stock is cumulative, the dividends for 2024 paid to preferred and common stockholders are:
Preferred - $11,000Common - $2,000.b) If the preferred stock is noncumulative, the dividends for 2024 paid to preferred and common stockholders are:
Preferred - $5,500Common - $7,500.What are cumulative and noncumulative preferred dividends?Cumulative preferred stock attracts cumulative dividends. Any year when dividends are not declared, the dividends payable account records a liability that must be paid in any year when sufficient dividends are declared.
For noncumulative preferred stock, dividends are not accumulated or paid to preferred stockholders when dividends are not declared.
1,100 shares of 5% Preferred stock at $100 par value = $110,000 (1,100 x $100)
Dividends declared in 2024 = $13,000
Annual Preferred stock dividends = $5,500 ($110,000 x 5%)
Dividends for preferred stockholders in 2024 if preferred stock is cumulative = $11,000 ($5,500 x 2)
Common stock dividends = $2,000 ($13,000 - $11,000)
Dividends for preferred stockholders in 2024 if preferred stock is noncumulative = $5,500
Common stock dividends = $7,500 ($13,000 - $5,500)
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