Although slow start with congestion avoidance is an effective technique for coping with congestion, it can result in long recovery times in high-speed networks, as this problem demonstrates.

A) Assume a round-trip delay of 60 msec (about what might occur across the continent) and a link with an available bandwidth of 1 Gbps and a segment size of 576 octets. Determine the window size needed to keep the pipeline full and the a worst case estimate of the time it will take to reach that window size after a timeout occurs on a new connection using Jacobson’s slow start with congestion avoidance approach.

B) Repeat part (a) for a segment size of 16 kbytes.

Answer and Explanation:

The sequential data or sequence data is described as data that come in an ordered sequence. It may also be termed data that is produced from tasks that occurs in sequential order The sequential pattern mining is a critical subject in data mining that has do with applying sequential data to derive a statistically relevant pattern from it.

Sequential pattern mining is a part of data mining. Data mining involves utilizing data from databases to understand and make decisions that better the organization or society as a whole based on this. Common data mining tasks include: clustering, classification, outlier analysis, and pattern mining.

Pattern mining is a kind of data mining task that involves explaining data through finding useful patterns from data in databases. Sequential pattern mining is pattern mining that uses sequential data as a source of data in finding data patterns. Sequential pattern mining applies various criteria(which maybe subjective) in finding "subsequence" in data. Criteria could be :frequency, length, size, time gaps, profit etc. Sequential pattern mining is commonly applicable in reality since a sizeable amount of data mostly occur in this form. A popular type of sequential data is the time series data.

Answer:

Explanation: Research has proven that ;

The memory cell is also known as the  fundamental building block of computer memory.

It stores one bit of binary information and it must be set to store a logic 1 (high voltage level) and reset to store a logic 0 (low voltage level).

Answer:

def case_convertfile( file_name):

    with open(" new_file","x") as file:

         file.close( )

    with open("file_name", "r") as txt_file:

     while True:

            word = txt_file.readline( )

            word_split= word.split(" ")

            for word in word_split:

                  upper_case = word.uppercase( )

                  file= open("new_file","w+")

                  file= open("new_file","a+")

                  file.write(upper_case)

     txt_file.close( )

     file.close( )

Explanation:

This python function would open an existing file with read privilege and a new file with write and append privileges read and capitalize the content of the old file and store it in the new file.

Answer:

D) Procedural

Explanation:

Answer:

Object-Oriented Programming

Explanation:

Complete Question:

In which type of hacking does the user block access from legitimate users without actually accessing the attacked system?

Group of answer choices

a. Denial of service

b. Web attack

c. Session hijacking

d. None of the above

Answer:

a. Denial of service

Explanation:

Denial of service (DOS) is a type of hacking in which the user (hacker) blocks access from legitimate users without actually accessing the attacked system.

It is a type of cyber attack in which the user (an attacker or hacker) makes a system or network inaccessible to the legitimate end users temporarily or indefinitely by flooding their system with unsolicited traffic and invalid authentication requests.

A denial of service is synonymous to a shop having a single entry point being crowded by a group of people seeking into entry into the shop, thereby preventing the legitimate customers (users) from exercising their franchise.

Under a DOS attack, the system or network gets stuck while trying to locate the invalid return address that sent the authentication requests, thus disrupting and closing the connection. Some examples of a denial of service attack are ping of death, smurf attack, email bomb, ping flood, etc.

Answer:

system unit

Explanation:

A system unit is the part of a computer that contains the brain or central processing unit. The primary device such as central processing unit as contained in the system unit perform operations hence produces result for complex calculations.

The system unit also house other main components of a computer system like hard drive , CPU, motherboard and RAM. The major work that a computer is required to do or performed is carried out by the system unit. Other peripheral devices are the keyboard, monitor and mouse.

Answer: Option D -- Sorting an already sorted array of size n with quicksort takes O(n log n) time.

Explanation:

Sorting an already sorted array of size n with quicksort takes O(n log n) time is true about sorting functions while other options are wrong.

Answer:

The Ampersand Symbol (Option B)

Explanation:

A 'address of operator' specifies that a given value that is read needs to be stored at the address of 'x'.

The address operator is represented by the ampersand symbol. ( & )

Hope this helps.

Answer:

Please refer to the below for answer.

Explanation:

Emerging technology is a term given to the development of new technologies or improvement on existing technologies that are expected to be available in the nearest future.

Examples of emerging technologies includes but not limited to block chain, internet of things, robotics, cognitive science, artificial intelligence (AI) etc.

One of the reasons that makes emerging technology happen is the quest to improving on existing knowledge. People want to further advance their knowledge in terms of coming up with newest technologies that would make task faster and better and also address human issues. For instance, manufacturing companies make use of robotics,design, construction, and machines(robots) that perform simple repetitive tasks which ordinarily should be done by humans.

Other reasons that makes emerging technology happens are economic benefit, consumer demand and human needs, social betterment, the global community and response to social problems.

Impact that emerging technology will have on;

• Individuals. The positive effect of emerging technology is that it will create more free time for individuals in a family. Individuals can now stay connected, capture memories, access information through internet of things.

• Society. Emerging technology will enable people to have access to modern day health care services that would prevent, operate, train and improving medical conditions of people in the society.

• Environment. Before now, there have been global complains on pollution especially on vehicles and emission from industries. However, emerging technology will be addressing this negative impact of pollution from vehicles as cars that are currently being produced does not use petrol which causes pollution.

what makes ''emerging technologies'' happen is the necessity for it, the need for it in the society.

The impact they will have on individuals ,society,and environment is that it will improve areas of life such as communication, Transportation, Agriculture.

Emerging technologies can be regarded as the technologies in which their development as will as practical applications are not yet realized.

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Answer:

To verify transactions have the correct date assigned to them.

To verify that an account balance is within its credit limit.

To verify that all transactions have been recorded for the period.

Explanation:

Answer:

1) Forward the receipt by email to a special receipt capture email

2) You can scan, or take a picture of the receipt and upload it using the QuickBooks mobile app.

3) You can also drag and drop the image, or upload it into QuickBooks Online receipt center.

Explanation:

1) Th first process is simply done using the email address

2) On the app, tap the Menu bar with icon ≡.  Next, tap Receipt snap., and then

tap on the Receipt Camera. Yo can then snap a photo of your receipt, and tap on 'Use this photo.' Tap on done.

3) This method can be done by simply navigating on the company's website.

Answer:

s_string = 1357

Explanation:

character: index

1: 0

3: 1

5: 2

7: 3

 : 4

C: 5

o: 6

u: 7

n: 8

t: 9

r: 10

y: 11

 : 12

L: 13

n: 14

. : 15

s_tring  = special[:4]

s_tring = special[0] + special[1] + special[2] + special[3]

s_string = 1357

Answer:

Following are the code to this question:

In question 1:

tempReadings.push_back(newValue); //using array that store value in at 3 position

In question 2:

ticketList.pop_back(); //defining ticketList that uses the pop_back method to remove last insert value

In question 3:

currentSize = sensorReadings.size(); /defining currentSize variable holds the sensorReadings size value

In question 4:

cout<<"Last mpg reading: "<<mpgTracker.at(mpgTracker.size()-1)<<endl;

//using mpgTracker array with at method that prints last element value

Explanation:

please find the attachment of the questions output:

Using data from interviews with ESCO executives conducted in late 2012, this study examines the market size, growth forecasts, and industry trends in the United States for the ESCO sector.

Thus,  It uses the "currentSize" variable to holds the "sensorReadings" size value, which is "10". In the fourth question, It uses the mpgTracker array with the "at" method, which prints the last element value, which is "20".

There are numerous types of gateways that can operate at various protocol layer depths.

Application layer gateways (ALGs) are also frequently used, albeit most frequently a gateway refers to a device that translates the physical and link layers. It is best to avoid the latter because it complicates deployments and is a frequent source of error.

Thus, Using data from interviews with Gateway executives conducted in late 2012, this study examines the market size, growth Esco size and industry trends in the United States for the Gateway.

Learn more about Gateway, refer to the link:

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Answer:

Redundancy

Req. 1 and Req. 3 are seemed to say the same thing. We need to remove the first sentence in Req. 1

Conflict and understandability

Req. 1 states that access is through web browser while Req. 4 states that access is via html. We have to re-write the Req. 3 to make it clear that users do not actually have to write directly html to communicate with the system.

Completeness

Req. 5 states that print out will “mainly” be documents. What else might be printed? What other inputs will be produced?

Either remove mainly or clarify other print out.

What version of html or web browser is assumed in Req. 1 and Req. 3?

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

A computer system that is meant to mimic the likely targets of cyber attacks is called honeypot. It is used to deflect the attackers from a legitimate target and detect attacks. It also helps to gain info about how the cyber criminals operate. They have been around for decades, it works on the philosophy that instead of searching for attackers, prepare something that would attract them. It is just like cheese-baited mousetraps. Cyber criminals get attracted towards honeypots by thinking that they are legitimate targets.

Answer:

Lack of tone of voice

Explanation:

Remember, online disinhibition refers to the tendency of people to feel open in communication via the internet than on face to face conversations.

A lack of tone voice isn't categorized as a direct cause of online disinhibition because an individual can actually express himself using his tone of voice online. However, online disinhibition is caused by people's desire to be anonymous; their use of smartphones, and a lack of nonverbal cues.

Answer: True

Explanation: Because anyone can post something and it can be non reliable

Answer:

you may need to do this if you need to play video game that may need you to update drivers

it would be appropriate to update the motherboard drivers to fix a problem with video while playing video game.

A motherboard is called as the main printed circuit board (PCB) in a computer or laptop. The motherboard is the backbone of processing in PCs.

All components and external peripherals connect through the motherboard.

Thus, the situation in which it is needed to update the motherboard drivers to fix a problem is while playing video game.

Learn more about motherboard.

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Answer:

Following are the code to this question:

#include<iostream>//import header file

using namespace std;

int main()//defining main method

{

int ar[7];//defining 1_D array that stores value      

int i,x=0,l1=1,j; //defining integer variable

for(i=0;i<7;i++)//defining for loop for input value from user ends  

{

cout<<"Enter a Number: ";//print message

cin>>ar[i];//input value in array

if(l1<=2 && i>0)//using if block that checks the array values  

{

x++;//increment the value of x by 1  

}

if(l1>2 && i>0)//using if block that checks the array values  

{

l1=l1-2;//using l1 variable that decrases the l1 value by 2  

}

j=i-x;//using j variable that holds the index of the root of the subtree

if(i>0 && ar[j]>ar[i])// use if block that checks heap condition  

{

l1++; //increment the value of l1 variable

}

if(i>0 && ar[j]<ar[i])// using the if block that violate the heap rule  

{

cout<<ar[i]<<" "<<"Violate the heap";//print message with value

break;//using break keyword  

}

}

return 0;

}

Output:

1)

Enter a Number: -15

Enter a Number: -5

-5 Violate the heap

2)

Enter a Number: 45

Enter a Number: 0

Enter a Number: 55

55 Violate the heap

Explanation:

Answer:

A Larger Market

Customer Insights Through Tracking And Analytics

Fast Response To Consumer Trends And Market Demand

Lower Cost

More Opportunities To "Sell"

Personalized Messaging

Hope this helps!

Answer:

The correct answer to the question is option A (IaaS)

Explanation:

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) can be used for data storage, backup, recovery, web hosting, and various other uses as it is cost-effective, and it also has secured data centers. It is a service delivery method by a provider for cloud computing as it enables customers to be offered the service the possibility to combine basic computing services to build and direct access to safe servers where networking can also be done. These services rendered by the providers allow users to install operating systems thereby making it possible to build highly adaptable computer systems.

SaaS (Software as a Service): Here, the service provider bears the responsibility of how the app will work as what the users do is to access the applications from running on cloud infrastructure without having to install the application on the computer.

The cloud provider (CP) as the name suggests is anybody or group of persons that provide services for operations within the cloud.

Answer:

Life skills, learning skills, The literacy skills

Explanation:

There are different type of skills that are required in schools, educational societies, organizations. Now these students need more attention to focus on their carrier. There are different of skills such as:

There are another three skills like

These are some skills that help students that keep up the lightening -pace in todays modern society. All skills are unique and used differently by students.

Answer:

class PatientData():    #declaration of PatientData class

   height_inches=0  #attribute of class is declared and initialized to 0

   weight_pounds=0 #attribute of class is declared and initialized to 0

Explanation:

Here is the complete program:

#below is the class PatientData() that has two attributes height_inches and weight_pounds and both are initialized to 0

class PatientData():  

   height_inches=0

   weight_pounds=0  

patient = PatientData()  #patient object is created of class PatientData

#below are the print statements that will be displayed on output screen to show that patient data before

print('Patient data (before):', end=' ')

print(patient.height_inches, 'in,', end=' ')

print(patient.weight_pounds, 'lbs')

#below print  statement for taking the values height_inches and  weight_pounds as input from user

patient.height_inches = int(input())  

patient.weight_pounds = int(input())  

#below are the print statements that will be displayed on output screen to show that patient data after with the values of height_inches and weight_pounds input by the user

print('Patient data (after):', end=' ')

print(patient.height_inches, 'in,', end=' ')

print(patient.weight_pounds, 'lbs')      

Another way to write the solution is:

def __init__(self):

       self.height_inches = 0

       self.weight_pounds = 0

self keyword is the keyword which is used to easily access all the attributes i.e. height_inches and weight_pounds defined within a PatientData class.

__init__ is a constructor which is called when an instance is created from the PatientData, and access is required to initialize the attributes height_inches and weight_pounds of PatientData class.

The program along with its output is attached.

In this exercise we have to use the knowledge of computational language in python to describe a code, like this:

The code can be found in the attached image.

To make it easier the code can be found below as:

class PatientData():  

  height_inches=0

  weight_pounds=0  

patient = PatientData()

print('Patient data (before):', end=' ')

print(patient.height_inches, 'in,', end=' ')

print(patient.weight_pounds, 'lbs')

patient.height_inches = int(input())  

patient.weight_pounds = int(input())  

print('Patient data (after):', end=' ')

print(patient.height_inches, 'in,', end=' ')

print(patient.weight_pounds, 'lbs')

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Answer:

When we add another bit, the amount of numbers we can make multiplies by 2. So a two-bit number can make 4 numbers, but a three-bit number can make 8.

The amount of numbers that can be made is multiplied by two for each bit to be added.

The bit is the most basic unit for storing information. Bits can either be represented as either 0 or 1. Data is represented by using this multiple bits.

The amount of numbers that can be gotten from n bits is given as 2ⁿ.

Therefore we can conclude that for each bit added the amount of numbers is multiplied by two (2).

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Answer:

Without it information flow is impossible

Explanation:

The word 'pivotal' also means crucial or vital, and so we need to consider what an operating system actually does.

Remember, merely having all the hardware of a computer would not allow you to run (install and use) programs. It is by means of an operating system that teaching programs can be installed, and it is also by means of an operating system learning can take place.

For example, a student can decode (learn) instructions/lessons from his teacher via a software program; and the software program needs an operating system to open (run) the program.

[tex]\Huge{\fbox{\red{Answer:}}}[/tex]

A public cloud infrastructure is made available to the general public or a large industrygroup and is owned by an organization selling cloud services.

[tex]<font color=orange>[/tex]

a. community cloud

b. hybrid cloud

c. public cloud ✔

d. private cloud

Answer:

Open ended investigation

Explanation:

The above is an example of an open ended investigation. In understanding what an open ended investigation is, we first of all need to understand what open endedness means. Open endedness means whether one solution or answer is possible. In other words it means that there may be various ways and alternatives to solve or answer a question or bring solution to an investigation.

From the definition, we can deduce that an open ended investigation is a practical investigation that requires students to utilize procedural and substantive skills in arriving at conclusion through evidence gathered from open ended research or experiment(as in not close ended, not limited to ready made options, freedom to explore all possibilities). This is seen in the example question where students are asked to explore the different examples of physical controls and displays and also discuss their observations. Here students are not required to produce a predefined answer but are free to proffer their own solutions

Answer:

Here is the corrected code: The screenshot of the program along with its output is attached. The comments are written with each line of the program for better understanding of the code.

CarRental.java

public class CarRental  {  //class name

//below are the data members name, zipcode, size, dFee, days and total

String name;  

int zipcode;

String size;

double dFee;

int days;

double total;  

public String getName()  {  //accessor method to get the name

return name; }

public int getZipcode()  { //accessor method to get the zipcode

return zipcode; }

public String getSize() {  //accessor method to get the size

return size; }

public int getDays() {  //accessor method to get the days

return days;  }

public CarRental(String size)  {  //constructor of CarRental class

if(size.charAt(0)=='e')  // checks if the first element (at 0th index) of size data member is e

     dFee = 29.99;  // sets the dFee to 29.99

  else if(size.charAt(0)=='m')  // checks if the first element (at 0th index) of size data member is m

     dFee = 38.99;  // sets the dFee to 38.99

  else   // checks if the first element (at 0th index) of size data member is f

     dFee =43.50;  // sets the dFee to 43.50

   }

public void calculateTotal(int days) {  //method calculateTotal of CarRental

total = dFee*days;  }  //computes the rental fee

public void print()   {  //method to display the total rental fee

System.out.println("Your rental total cost is: $" + total);  } }

Explanation:

LuxuryCarRental.java

import java.util.*;

public class LuxuryCarRental extends CarRental {  //class LuxuryCarRental that is derived from class CarRental

public LuxuryCarRental(String size, int days) {  // constructor of LuxuryCarRental

super(size);}   //used when a LuxuryCarRental class and CarRental  class has same data members i.e. size

public void calculateTotal() {  //overridden method

super.calculateTotal(days); // used because CarRental  and LuxuryCarRental class have same named method i.e.  calculateTotal

dFee = 79.99;  //sets the rental fee at $79.99 per day

total = dFee;  }  //sets total to rental fee value

public void print(){  //overridden method

   int chauffeur;  // to decide to include chauffeur

Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);  //used to take input from user

System.out.println("Do you want to add a chauffeur for $200? Enter 0 for"

+ " yes and 1 for no");  // prompts the user to respond to the option of including a chauffeur at $200 more per day

chauffeur = keyboard.nextInt();   //reads the input option of chauffeur from user

if(chauffeur==1)  //if user enters 1 which means user does not want to add a chauffeur

total = dFee;  //then set the value of dFee i.e.  $79.99  to total

else  //if user enters 0 which means user wants to add a chauffeur

total = dFee + 200;  //adds 200 to dFee value and assign the resultant value to total variable

System.out.println("Your rental total cost is: $" + total);  }  } //display the total rental fee

UseCarRental.java

import java.util.*;

public class UseCarRental{ //class name

public static void main(String[] args){ //start of main() function body

String name, size; // declare variables

int zipcode, days; //declare variables

Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in); // to take input from user

System.out.println("Enter total days you plan on renting: "); //prompts user to enter total days of rent

days = keyboard.nextInt(); // reads value of days from user

System.out.println("Enter your name: "); //prompts user to enter name

name = keyboard.next(); //reads input name from user

System.out.println("Enter your billing zipcode: "); // prompts user to enter zipcode

zipcode = keyboard.nextInt(); //reads input zipcode from user

System.out.println("Enter the size of the car: "); // prompts user to enter the value of size

size = keyboard.next(); //reads input size from user

CarRental economy = new CarRental(size); //creates an object i.e. economy of class CarRental

economy.calculateTotal(days); //calls calculateTotal method of CarRental using instance economy

economy.print(); //calls print() method of CarRental using instance economy

LuxuryCarRental fullsize = new LuxuryCarRental(size, days);  //creates an object i.e. fullsize of class LuxuryCarRental

fullsize.calculateTotal();  //calls calculateTotal method of LuxuryCarRental using instance fullsize

fullsize.print(); }} //calls print() method of LuxuryCarRental using instance fullsize