An environmental microbiologist collects a water sample that contains bacteria that have not contacted the outside world for thousands of years. He uses sterile technique while transporting then back to the lab for testing. To his surprise, they are resistant to ampicillin. Based on your knowledge of bacterial evolution, which of the following statements provides the most reasonable explanation for this discovery?

a. The bacteria are a result of contamination on the way to the lab.
b. The bacteria do not contain 50S ribosomal subunits.
c. Vancomycin is a naturally occurring mineral occuring in the cave water.
d. The bacteria randomly acquired a mutation in their cell wall building machinery.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The answer is "Option d".

Explanation:

These genetic mutations in heritage in the genome of the bacterium were referred to as biofilm formation. All those other changes are attributable to some genetic changes during replication. The short term of bacteria and vast quantities of the colony can develop rapidly.

The type of environmental choice then transfers into another generation. Some translations benefit human people and enhance their fitness.

The most logical cause for this finding is Option "D", and although types of bacteria have not been in contact with the outside world for hundreds of years, certain random changes resist penicillin.


Related Questions

Explain the role of enzymes to living organisms

Answers

Explanation:

enzymes create chemical reaction in the body.But they actually speed up the rate of chemical reaction to help support life.. Enzymes is important to our body as it supports in building muscles and destroying toxins..

Enzymes create chemical reactions in the body. They actually speed up the rate of a chemical reaction to help support life. The enzymes in your body help to perform very important tasks. These include building muscle, destroying toxins, and breaking down food particles during digestion.


3.3
Predict the possible genotypes of offspring if two roan heterozygous
polled cattle were mated​

Answers

Answer:

RR, Rw, Rw, ww

Explanation:

Rw

R

w

RR, Rw, Rw, ww

The phenotypes would be 1 Red, 2 Roan, and 1 white, assuming the colors of roan are white and red and red is dominant white is recessive, hope that helps!

In which season(s) are the most populations limited in Mono Lake?

Answers

Answer:

Mainly winter i think

Explanation:

Why are temperatures hotter in locations near the equator?

Answers

Temperatures are hitter around the equator because the equator is the part of the earth that has the most heat from the sun directed onto it unlike the north and south pole that have snow because they are farther away
Most of the heat from the sun is directed onto the equator

Explain how sunlight is the primary source of energy for your own life

Answers

Answer: ok...

Explanation:

The continual input of energy, mostly from sunlight, sustains the process of life. Sunlight allows plants, algae and cyanobacteria to use photosynthesis to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic compounds like carbohydrates. This process is the fundamental source of organic material in the biosphere.

Describe the structure and function of the following organelles: nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi body, mitochondria, lysosomes, ribosomes, and centrioles

Answers

Answer: A cell organelle is defined as a cellular structure which has a specific function. The structure and function of these organelles as explained below.

Explanation:

--> NUCLEUS: This is the largest and most important cell organelle. It is enclosed by a double- layered nuclear membrane with many pores. The structure of the Nucleus makes it the 'control center' of the cell. This, it contains genetic materials( chromosomes) which controls the Production of a new cell or the whole organism itself and it controls the type and quantity of proteins( enzymes) produced in the cytoplasm.

--> ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM(ER): this is a system of membrane-lined sacs that form channels throughout the cytoplasm. It's membrane is continuous with the nuclear membrane. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum: rough and smooth. The rough ER packs and transports proteins made by ribosome while the smooth ER is involved in lipid and steroid synthesis.

--> GOLGI BODY: This is a stack of membrane-lined sacs. It is continuously formed at one end and broken off as bubbles or vesicles at the other end. These vesicles carry 'export materials' like enzymes and hormones which the cell makes.

--> MITOCHONDRIA: This is a sausage-shaped body surrounded by a double-membrane layer. The inner membrane is folded to form partitions which project into the inside of the mitochondria. The energy producing reactions of cellular respiration take place in the mitochondria. It is thus often called the cell's 'power- house'.

LYSOSOMES: These are small round sacs that contains digestive enzymes which break down structures and substances. They are also involved in the transport of materials in and out of the cell.

RIBOSOME: These are found on the surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum and are sites for protein synthesis of the cell.

CENTRIOLE: Two rod-like centrioles are found at right angles to each other in an animal cell. They are found near the nucleus and seem to be concerned with cell division.

Science is concerned with explaining natural phenomena, based on observation, experiments, and evidence. Other questions are best answered by using other forms of knowledge and understanding, such as art, philosophy, or religion. Read each topic and select the topics for Science.
Select ALL that apply.

behavior of alligators

meaning of existence

black holes

deep-sea vents

the Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights)

ghosts, goblins, and other creatures in stories

Answers

Answer:

These:

Explanation:

behavior of alligators

black holes

deep sea vents

the Aurora Borealis

Behaviour of alligatorsBlack holesDeep-sea ventsThe Aurora Borealis

What is natural phenomena?

Any event or an occurrence that happens on its own without any human intervention is termed as a natural phenomena.

Natural phenomena harms the nature as well as life on earth.

Common examples of natural phenomena include thunder storms, earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, hurricane etc.

Some majestic natural phenomena include blood rain, Northern lights and luminous water in the world.

Natural phenomena can sometimes be destructive in nature and are therefore responsible for loss of lives and property.

It is almost impossible to predict the occurrence of any natural phenomena.

However, the negative outcome of natural phenomena can be managed with special disaster management operation

Thus, natural phenomena could only be observed and understood in science.

Learn more about natural phenomena, here:

https://brainly.com/question/28585198

#SPJ2

A plant can have green (G) or yellow (g) leaves. It can also have a long (K) or
short (k) stem. A scientist is preparing a Punnett square for a dihybrid cross
of a plant with a genotype GGKk. What possible gametes can the plant
produce?

Answers

Here ya go hoope this helps

What is a working copy of DNA and is read by organelles called?

Answers

Answer:

Working copy of DNA is RNA (Ribonucleic acid)

The nucleus controls all of the cell’s activities, such as growth and metabolism, using the DNA’s genetic information.

Answer:

messenger RNA (mRNA)

Explanation:

The working copy of the DNA is called messenger RNA (mRNA). Its ready by  organelles such as ribosomes to manufacture amino acids to make proteins.

Write any two demerits of local system of measurement.​

Answers

Answer:

) It's easier for younger people to change than older people. (3) It ignores, and devalues cultural differences, expressions, and idioms, based on imperial measurements. For example: can a British pub be truly British without "Pints of beer"? - "Half a litre of beer" doesn't quite have the same ring to it!

1. cannot be used in international trade.

2. cannot be used in scientific experimemts.....

Which characteristic is unique to vertebrates?

A) they all have a well-defined skeleton

B) they have no defined organ systems

C) they have bilateral symmetry

D) they have an exoskeleton

Answers

Answer: They have well-defined skeleton.

Explanation:

This is because the vertebrates are uniquely characterised by the presence of the bones.

Answer:

Answer is A)They have a well-defined skeleton

Explanation:

most reasonable answer

Check all statements you agree with regarding the
purpose section of Proposal A.
This project will do a good job revealing the
effect of pesticides on honeybees.
It will help to establish a baseline for historical
comparison, a long-term benefit.
Society will benefit because the project will
indirectly increase the supply of honey and
other agricultural production.
The honey and agricultural industries will
benefit because bees will face fewer threats

Answers

Answer:

And will also reduce unemployment and also reduce morbidity

I am sorry I wanted just wanted point for my answer I am sorry

In convergent evolution, unrelated species or different organisms evolve similar traits, even though they live in different parts of the world.

Answers

Answer:

True  

Explanation:

Convergent evolution is a type of independent evolutionary process by which unrelated species evolve similar structural features/traits that fulfill the same or similar functions. Convergent evolution generates analogous structures, i.e., structures that have similar functions in organisms that don't share a common ancestor with such phenotypic traits. An example of convergent evolution is the wings of insects (e.g., butterflies), birds and bats. Conversely, divergent evolution is a type of evolutionary process that creates homologous structures/traits in closely related organisms because such features were inherited from a common ancestor.

Why do v sneeze
plz explain it step by step​

Answers

You’re just releasing air that helps your body get rid of irritants that are in our throat and nose. Such as, pollen, dust, etc.

Which statement accurately identifies the order of tissues pictures left to right in the microscopic image?

a) Epithelial cells, smooth muscle, connective tissue
b) Connective tissue, epithelial cells, smooth muscle
c) Epithelial cells, connective tissue, smooth muscle
d) Connective tissue, smooth muscle, epithelial cells

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - d)  Connective tissue, smooth muscle, epithelial cells.

Explanation:

The connective tissues are the tissue layers that protect the outside of arteries and veins. The thick outermost layer of a tunica adventitia and other, made of connective tissues.

The middle layer that has tunica media that s made up of outer connective and smooth muscles in the inner or middle and in the innermost layer is made up of epithelial layer.

As per the image given the statements that describe the tissues from the left to right in a microscopic image are connective tissue, smooth muscles, and epithelial cells.

The connective tissues support and protect and give stricture. The smooth muscles are involuntary non straighter muscles. The epithecal cells that line the surface of the body.

Hence the option D is correct.

Learn more about the statement accurately identifies.

brainly.com/question/23999747.

Give any two examples for each. 1. Floating plants 2. Underwater plants 3. Fixed plants 4. Emergent plants 5. Insectivorous plants 6. Mangroves 7. Desert plants 8. Coniferous trees 9. Deciduous trees 10. Grass 11. Evergreen trees​

Answers

Answer:

awdwdadadaawdadawdawdadad

Explanation:

awdawdawdadawdawdwaawdawdawdadawdawdwda

A pea plant is heterozygous for both seed shape and seed color. S is the allele for the dominant, spherical shape characteristic; s is the allele for the recessive, dented shape characteristic. Y is the allele for the dominant, yellow color characteristic; y is the allele for the recessive, green color characteristic. A pure bred plant with green spherical shaped seeds is crossed with a pure bred plant with yellow dented shaped seeds. State the phenotype and genotype for the parent plants p1 and p2

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is -

P1: SSyy

p2: ssYY

Explanation:

In the given question it is given that S is the allele for the dominant trait of spherical shape over s allele of dented shape and similarly Yellow pea seed is dominant over y green seed.

It is given that parent 1 or p1 is true breeding for green spherical shaped seeds which means it has two alleles of the same gene that are SSyy (S for spherical and y for green) and parent 2 or p2 is a pure bred plant with yellow dented shaped seeds that would be ssYY.

What is a working copy of DNA that leaves the nucleus of the cell? And is read by organelles called that connect amino acids together to make proteins

Answers

Answer:

Messenger RNA

Explanation:

Hexokinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the ATP‑dependent phosphorylation of glucose to glucose‑6‑phosphate.

a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer: The statement is TRUE

Explanation:

HEXOKINASE is an enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose to glucose‑6‑phosphate in glycolysis. The main function of glucose is to provide energy for the tissues. The basic pathway through which energy is gotten from glucose is through GLYCOLYSIS. The glycolytic pathway is made up of enzyme catalyzed reactions that leads to the conversion of glucose to pyruvate in the presence of oxygen or lactate in the absence of oxygen.

The first step in glycolysis is catalyzed by HEXOKINASE, an enzyme with broad specificity that catalyzes the phosphorylation of six-carbon sugars. Hexokinase phosphorylates glucose using ATP as the source of the phosphate, producing glucose-6-phosphate, a more reactive form of glucose.

Therefore the above statement is TRUE.

In the SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecylsulfate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) method, separation takes place on the basis of:_____________

a. charge only, because all particles have different charges, but the same mass.
b. the sieving action of the gel, because all particles have the same charge, but different masses.
c. the sieving action of the gel, because all particles have approximately the same charge/mass ratio, but different masses.
d. the chemical nature of the buffer used as the electrolyte.

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is a method of separating molecules based on the difference of their molecular weight.

Count the number of breaths you take in a minute and compare it with the number of times a fish opens and closes its mouth

Answers

Answer:

Don't know sorryyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy

What is a sacrolemma?

Answers

Answer:

the fine transparent tubular sheath which envelops the fibres of skeletal muscles.

Your bicycle has the mass of 9 Kg , you accelerate at the rate of 2 m/s2 . calculate the net force that is accelerating the bicycle. ( use the formula a= F/m) please this is urgent

Answers

Answer:

18kgm/s2

Explanation:

a=f/m

f=a.m

2m/s2 . 9kg

18kgm/s2

How can a change to Earth's tilt affect Earth's climate?

Answers

Answer:

It makes seasons more extreme

Explanation:

cual es la causa para que los oceanos se expanden entre 3 y 10 cm por año

Answers

Answer:

El calentamiento global causa que el nivel del mar se eleve, debido a que el hielo en las plataformas continentales se derrite y que el agua del océano se expande al calentarse.

Was there any significant difference in appearance between the two bean plants? if so, what was the difference?​

Answers

Explanation:

the plant in the sunlight will receive green color due to chlorophyll and the plant in the dark will have yellow or white color due to the lack of chlorophyll

Dehydration synthesis leads to WICH formation

Answers

Answer:

Polymers...........

Explanation:

Which statement explains the goal of using sustainable practices in food
production?
A. It feeds a growing population without harming ecosystems or
humans.
B. It feeds a shrinking human population while still preserving
ecosystems.
C. It keeps a few populations healthy while still generating high
profits
D. It keeps farmers in business by earning them the highest profits.

Answers

Answer: A. It feeds a growing population without harming ecosystems or humans.

Explanation:

Sustainable food production refers to the method of using processes that conserve non-renewable energy, non-polluting, economically efficient, and are also safe for everyone in the society. Also, the needs of the future generation isn't compromised.

The statement explains the goal of using sustainable practices in food

production is to feed a growing population without harming ecosystems or humans. Therefore, the correct option is A.

Primary sensory afferent axons have widely varying diameters, and their size correlates with the type of receptor to which they are attached. Write down the axons that are the smallest and the slowest?

Answers

Answer:

Smaller and slower axons are those related to temperature, itching and pain.

Explanation:

As you may already know, the axon is an extension of the neuron that has the ability to transmit signals to cells, indicating the nerve impulse that must be felt by the body. In other words, the axons receive a synapse, which is the nerve impulse, and pass this message on to a nerve cell to turn it into a sensation. These axons have varying diameters and the speed at which they transmit messages also varies. According to researches, the smaller and slower axons are those related to the sensation of temperature, itching and pain.

Complete each sentence with the correct word or phrase

a. An action potential reaches the axon terminal causing __________to open.
b. Acetylcholine diffuses across the synaptic cleft before binding to its receptor, which is located on the _____
c. When the membrane potential reaches ________an action potential spreads across the sarcolemma due to the opening of ___________
d. In response to acetylcholine binding, ________ move into the muscle fiber causing the membrane potential to rise.

Answers

Answer:

a). Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels

b). the motor end plate

c). Threshold, voltage-gated Na channels

d). sodium ions

Explanation:

a). The voltage-gated [tex]Ca^{2+}[/tex] channels are the key transducers of the membrane potential that changes into a intracellular [tex]Ca^{2+}[/tex] transients which initiates the  physiological events. When the action potential makes a contact with axon terminal, the voltage-gated [tex]Ca^{2+}[/tex] channels opens.

b). The acetylcholine is the main neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system. It helps in blood vessels dilation, muscle contraction, and perform many more functions.

It diffuses with the synaptic cleft that is located on the motor end plate of the nervous system.

c). The membrane potential is also known as the membrane voltage or the  transmembrane potential. When it recaches the threshold, the  voltage-gated Na channels opens to spread the action potential across sarcolemma.

d). The sodium ions in case of acetylcholine binding moves to the muscle fiber due to which the membrane potential rises.

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The kittens played with the yarn, and the puppies watched closely. 12. I will make all As this year unless Im distracted by video games.13. She walked down the street and around the corner to the store. 14. Unicorns are mythical creatures; they gallop across rainbows.15. He is the happiest boy because he won first place in the talent show.16. Write a simple sentence: 17. Write a compound sentence:18. Write a complex sentence: -3x+20+7x=80 what is x? and how do I get it? Marlon withdrew $25 from his savings account every week for 5 weeks. Which expression is the best choice to help him determine the total amount of money he withdrew? The height of the saddle off horse above the base ofa carousel can be modeled 4t by the equation f-rr) : 12 sin ^ r 42, where I represents seconds after the ride started. I How much time does to take for the horse to complete one cycle of motion and return to its starting height. 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Based on the Pythagorean theorem , find the missing length for each of the given right triangles Favaz began business at the start of this year and had the following costs: variable manufacturing cost per unit, $9; fixed manufacturing costs, $60,000; variable selling and administrative costs per unit, $2; and fixed selling and administrative costs, $220,000. The company sells its units for $45 each. Additional data follow. Planned production in units 10,000 Actual production in units 10,000 Number of units sold 8,500There were no variances. The net income (loss) under absorption costing is:a. (7500)b. 9,000c. 15,00d. 18,000e. Some other amount how many eggs are 5 dozen With the given verbs, create sentences that require the personal a.~escuchar~mirar~ver~obedecer PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2PCl5 decomposes into PCl3 and Cl2 according to the equation above. A pure sample of Pcl5 is placed in a rigid, evacuated 1.00 L container. The initial pressure of the PCl5 is 1.00 atm. The temperature is held constant until the PCl5 reaches equilibrium with its decomposition products. The figures below shows the initial and equilibrium conditions of the system.As the reaction progresses toward equilibrium, the rate of the forward reactionA) increases until it becomes the same as the reverse reaction rate at equilibriumB) stays constant before and after equilibrium is reachedC) decreases to become a constant nonzero rate at equilibriumD) decreases to become zero at equilibrium S mnh ca giai cp cng nhn hin nay c thay i khng v sao water enters a long vurvykar tube at a eman tempreture taht is lower than the tine surface temperatire. The curve that most closely describes the mean tempretire of the fluid as a function of shirly spelled 12 0f her 15 spelling words correctly on the test what percent grade did she get on the test Flexible BudgetingAt the beginning of the period, the Fabricating Department budgeted direct labor of $9,280 and equipment depreciation of $2,300 for 640 hours of production. The department actually completed 600 hours of production. Determine the budget for the department, assuming that it uses flexible budgeting.Flexible BudgetingAt the beginning of the period, the Grinding Department budgeted direct labor of $55,200 and property tax of $30,000 for 2,400 hours of production. The department actually completed 2,900 hours of production. Determine the budget for the department, assuming that it uses flexible budget. What is the solution to the equation [tex] \frac{1}{4} x + 2 = - \frac{5}{8}x - 5 [/tex]