A.O. is an 89-year-old woman with a long history of systolic heart failure secondary to a large left ventricular infarct when she was in her 70s. She had poor activity tolerance and required assistance with activities of daily living. Even minimal activity was associated with moderately severe dyspnea and exertional chest pain, which was relieved by rest. A.O. also exhibited marked pedal edema bilaterally. She is being treated with digitalis, furosemide (Lasix), KCl, and sublingual nitroglycerin.
What compensatory mechanisms are likely to be operative in A.O. to enhance cardiac output?
A. Prolonged stretch on the myocardium results in myocardial atrophy.
B. Baroreceptors detect low blood pressure and cardiac output and activate the parasympathetic system resulting in increased heart rate.
C. Renin-angiotensin system activation causes decreased glomerular filtration rate and fluid retention, which results in increased preload.
D. Baroreceptors detect low blood pressure and cardiac output and activate the sympathetic system resulting in decreased heart rate.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The correct answer is ''C. Renin-angiotensin system activation causes decreased glomerular filtration rate and fluid retention, which results in increased preload.''

Explanation:

In states of low cardiac output, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway is activated as a compensatory mechanism, whose objective is to fundamentally modify the peripheral circulation, which operates in conjunction with the activation of the medullary neuro-adrenal system, to maintain blood pressure. These two mechanisms, which are totally different, are closely linked; thus, stimulation of beta-1 adrenoreceptors in the juxtaglomerular apparatus, as a consequence of a high adrenergic output, causes renin output in heart failure. On the other hand, the activation of baroreceptors in the renal vascular bed caused by a reduction in renal blood flow, is also responsible for the release of renin, it occurs in patients with severe heart failure managed with diuretics and salt restriction.


Related Questions

Artesian springs bring pressurized groundwater to the surface through which feature of Karst topography?

streams

caves

fissures

igneous rock

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is D) Fissures

Explanation:

Karst is a topography or landform that is created by the dissolution of soluble rocks beneath the surface by waters from the surface or below.

Fissures are formed when because of earth movements there is the occurrence of a long, narrow opening, in the earth.

Artesian springs refer to the water coming out through these cracks or openings in the earth onto the surface of the Karst topography.

Cheers

13) On Earth, water vapor occurs in the state of matter. a.) Solid Ob.) Liquid C.) Gas d.) Plasma

Answers

Answer:

Gas

Explanation:

Because when we heat water water vapour will come in the gas form

Answer:

The answer is gas

Explanation:

Sorry I don't really know how to explain, when water vapor occurs, the water rise up to the sky in the form of gas.

Hope this will help❤️

Which of the following would be the optimal time for a grower to plan passive freeze protection for an orchard?
A) at planting time
B) prior to a cold snap
C) prior to planting
D) at grafting time

Answers

Answer♥♥

[tex] \\ [/tex]

A) at planting time

[tex] \sf \: a) \: \boxed{ \underline{\bf \: \: at \: planting \: time}} \: \sf is \: the \: answer.[/tex]

List developmental changes in animals

Answers

Embryonic Phase, a Larval Stage, Metamorphosis and an Adult Phase to Reach Eventually Sexual Maturity
Early development. Plant development. Human development. Prenatal development. Regeneration. Morphogenesis. Ontogeny.

Someone help me please :)

Answers

I think it would be 25% likely hood
I think it would be 50% because the dads genes would be stronger than the mothers genes because it’s more dominant

Question 11 (1 point) What prevents backflow of urine into the kidneys? O
the internal urethral sphincter
the angle of the ureter
the external urethral sphincter
the mitral valve​

Answers

Answer:

There is an internal urethral sphincter at the meeting point between each ureter and the bladder to prevent the backflow of urine into the kidneys.

Explanation:

Answer: the angle of the ureter

Explanation: I took the test

Which tissue also makes the glandular tissue in animals

Answers

Answer:

Epithelial cells

Epithelial cells often acquire additional specialisation as gland cells, which can secrete substances at the epithelial surface. Sometimes a portion of the epithelial tissue folds inward, and a multicellular gland is formed. This is glandular epithelium.

define and describe the Human Trafficking ​

Answers

Explanation:

hope it helps you, have a good day.please mark me as brain list, sorry it is of Nepal but you can put your country name instead of Nepal

When the cells start multiplying at an abnormal rate it leads to complications in our body.What could be the reason for this?Find Out

Answers

Answer:

the reason is often cancer.

Explanation:

cancer cells multiply rapidly and cause tumors

Which has a greater solubility? 0.5mm 1.0cm 0.5cm 0.1mm

Answers

Answer:

1 cm

Explanation:

1 cm is the answer...

helphelp help gell help helpp

Which of the following things is not made of wither fermentation?

Cheese
Yogurt
Bread
Peanut butter
Chocolate

Answers

Answer:

peanut butter

Explanation:

it's very creamy and thick so I might say it's peanut butter

Butter with the peanut

Consider two pure-breeding lines of grapes, P1 and P2. The average diameter of P1 grapes is 1.2 cm and the variance is 0.30 cm2. The average diameter of P2 grapes is 1.6 cm and the variance is 0.56 cm2. The two pure-breeding lines are crossed to produce F1 progeny. Based on this description, which of the following statements is false?
a) VG for F1 is > 0
b) VP for P1 < VG for P2
c) VE for F1 is > 0
d) VG for P1 = 0
e) VG for P2 = 0

Answers

Answer:

a)

Explanation:

From the given information:

The avg diameters:

For P1 grapes =1.2 cm

For P2 grapes = 1.6 cm

Their vairance is also given as follows:

For P1 = 0.30 cm²

For P2 = 0.56 cm²

Recall that:

the phenotypic variance VP = genetic variance (VG) + environmental variance VE

As stated that P1 and P2 lines are pure breeding lines, which means that the diameter of the seed in F1 was around halfway between the two parents' and the difference in the F1 was close to the parents'.

This implies that, provided the parent lines exist as pure breeding;

The genetic variation would be absent, indicating that VG is zero.

VP = VE  and VG = 0

Now, averaging the results of two pure breeding lines, we have:

[tex]V_E = \Big (\dfrac{0.30 + 0.56}{2} \Big) \\ \\ V_E = \dfrac{0.86}{2} \\ \\ V_E = 0.43 \ cm^2[/tex]

The formula used in estimating F1 genetic variance can be expressed as:

VP = VG + VE

Recall that

VE = VP = 0.43 cm²

0.43 = VG + 0.43

VG = 0.43 - 0.43

VG = 0

Thus, The statement that is false is in Option a.

VG for F1 is > 0

AG CLASS

Which of the following distinguishes the institution most likely to provide the level of education needed to become a research plant geneticist?

Iowa Central Community College

Iowa State University

American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers

Organic Farming Research Organization

Answers

Answer:

No is wrong

Explanation:

Answer:

Iowa State University

Explanation:

Edge 2022, it's not Organic Farming Research Organization, I picked that one and got it wrong.

In cats, coat color is an X-linked trait with incomplete dominance. Yellow coat is caused by the allele XT and black coat by the allele Xt. A tortoise cost is caused by the heterozygous condition. What is the correct way to represent the genotype of a male cat with a black coat

Answers

Answer:

The genotype of a black male is XtY

Explanation:

Available data:

coat color is an X-linked trait with incomplete dominance.Yellow coat is caused by the allele XTBlack coat by the allele Xt.Tortoise coat is caused by the heterozygous condition

So,

females genotypes           females phenotype

  XTXT                →        Yellow coat   XtXt                  →         Black coat   XTXt                 →         Tortoise coat

males genotype                    males phenotype

  XTY                   →         Yellow coat   XtY                    →         Black coat

Males only carry one X chromosome, so they can only be either black - XtY- or yellow -XTY-.

Females are the only ones that can express the tortoise coat.

The correct way to represent the genotype of a male cat with a black coat - XtY

We know that,

In cats, coat color is an X-linked trait - it means it is influenced by the X allele onlyIn cats, coat color is shows incomplete dominance - it means if corresponding alleles present together they will show an intermediate coat color.the allele XT - Yellow coatthe allele Xt - black coatXTXt (heterozygous) - tortoise coat (incomplete dominance)In X linked traits heterozygous conditions are not possible in males as they have only one X allele and the other is Y allele.

So,

Female cats genotype would be:

XTXT - female cat with yellow coatXTXt - female cat with a black coatXtXt - female cat with tortoise coat

Male cats genotype:

1. XtY - black coat male cat

2. XTY - yellow coat male cat.

Thus, The correct way to represent the genotype of a male cat with a black coat - XtY

Learn more:

https://brainly.com/question/567572

why the solute can't move from higher concentration to lower concentration?

Answers

Answer:

yes, so when the concentration of a solute is high, the concentration of water is lowered since there is more solute per water, less water per solute. Thus, when water moves from low concentrations of solute to high concentrations of solute, it moves from high concentrations of water to low concentrations of water.

Explanation:

Rain cannot occur until ____?

A. the air becomes saturated with water vapor
B. the water vapor exceeds an absolute humidity of 80 ppm
C. a warm front meets a cold front
D. clouds reach an altitude of 1000 ft

Answers

Answer:

A. the air becomes saturated with water vapor

Explanation:

The saturated water vapor air forms clouds ( nimbus clouds ) which hold that vapour at a low pressure

Answer:

A. The air becomes saturated with water vapor

Explanation:

Condensation happens one of two ways: Either the air is cooled to its dew point or it becomes so saturated with water vapor that it cannot hold any more water. Dew point is the temperature at which condensation happens.

What is the definition of galactic center and galaxy cluster ?

Answers

Answer:

The Galactic Center (or Galactic Centre) is the rotational center of the Milky Way galaxy; it is a supermassive black hole of 4.100 ± 0.034 million solar masses, which powers the compact radio source Sagittarius A*.

Capillaries are very thin, narrow blood vessels that allow for the transfer of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients. The image shows
how normal red blood cells and sickle-shaped red blood cells flow through a capillary,
Use information in the image to describe two ways that the sickle cell gene mutation affects the ability of red blood cells to perform
their normal function

Answers

Answer:

less packaging of oxygen

Explanation:

normal RBC (red blood cells) have a large surface area for oxygen packaging due to its biconcave shape but when mutation occurs the RBC being produced by the short bones is sickle shaped reducing surface area of haemoglobin exposed, responsible for packaging oxygen so tissues don't get right amount of oxygen

All of the following affect groundwater contamination except:
soil type
pesticide mobility
soil mobility
pesticide application method

Answers

Answer: soil type

Explanation:

All of the following affect groundwater contamination except Soil type.

What is Soil type?

In soil science, a soil type is a taxonomic unit. A distinctive soil type is made up of all soils that have a certain set of well-defined features in common.  

The phrase "soil type" refers to the study of soil classification, which is concerned with the orderly classification of soils. Every soil on the planet is a particular soil type.

The majority of soil types in hierarchical soil classification schemes are in the higher or intermediate level. Typically, a soil type can be further broken down into subtypes, and in many systems, multiple soil types can be joined to form higher category entities.

Therefore, All of the following affect groundwater contamination except Soil type.

To learn more about soil type, refer to the link:

https://brainly.com/question/20779217

#SPJ6

What are the two stages of cellular respiration

Answers

Answer:

animal cell.

Explanation:

plant cell.

The stages of cellular respiration include glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid or Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

ggghhhhhhhhhhhhjujjj​

Answers

Answer:

1234567890-

Explanation:

The diagram shows a grassland food web.
Which two organisms share the same trophic level?
O hawk and mouse
O lizard and rabbit
O mouse and rabbit
O grass and grasshopper

Answers

c) mouse and rabbit

both the mouse and rabbit eat the grass

A fiber reinforced composite contains e-glass fibers in an epoxy matrix. E for the glass is 72 GPa, E for the epoxy is 2.4 GPa. Find the elastic modulus of a composite that contains 5% fibers in the longitudinal direction, Ecl

Answers

Answer: hello your question is in complete  below is the complete question

A fiber reinforced composite contains e-glass fibers in an epoxy matrix. E for the glass is 72 GPA, E for the epoxy is 2.4 GPa. Find the elastic modulus of a composite that contains 5% fibers in the longitudinal direction, Ecl = ViEi + EmVm? (note Vi + Vm= 1.) O 5.88 GPa O 5.66 GPa O 2.52 GPa O 6.74 GPa

answer : 5.88 GPa

Explanation:

Fiber reinforced composite containing e-glass fibers

E for the glass ( Ei ) = 72 GPa

E for the epoxy ( Em ) = 2.4 GPa

Determine the Elastic modulus of a composite containing 5% fibers

percentage of glass = 5% = Vi = 0.05

∴ percentage of epoxy = 95% ; Vm = 0.95

using the relation included in the question

Ecl = Ei Vi + Em Vm

    = ( 72 * 0.05 ) + ( 2.4 * 0.95 )

    =  3.6 + 2.28  = 5.88 GPa


Coffee growers can form coops to eliminate the middlemen and get better pricing for their crop. When these coops receive "social certification from a reputable agency, this
indicates to the consumer what? Choose the best answer.
O a. That migrating songbirds are better served by the farmer's coffee plantation
ob. That coffee beans have been grown under organic conditions.
Oc. That coffee quality is the best possible.
O d. That social equity has been improved for these farmers.

Answers

The correct answer is C. That coffee quality is the best possible.

Explanation

A cooperative is a term that refers to a society made up of several individuals who group for the common benefit of its members. These associations are organized democratically and are administered according to the agreement established by their partners. For example, in this case, the coffee producers formed a cooperative to sell their products directly to consumers and eliminate intermediaries. In addition, they were accredited with a social certification by an accredited agency, which supports their products by indicating to consumers that their coffee is of the best quality. Therefore, the correct answer is C. That coffee quality is the best possible.

explain in your words indigenous knowledge​

Answers

Answer:

is the unique knowledge confined to a particular culture or society. It is also known as local knowledge, folk knowledge, people's knowledge, traditional wisdom or traditional science.

Explanation:

What changes were caused by the breakup of Pangaea?

a) change in climates as landmasses moved closer or further from the equator
b) new oceans formed
c) all of these were changes caused by the break up of Pangaea
d) new mountain ranges formed

Answers

Answer: Option C. All of these things happened

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Greenhouse climate conditions that enveloped the Earth for long periods in the deep past millions of years before humans added their current substantial contribution were caused by the break-up of the supercontinent Pangaea.

HELP AG CLASS

A mycologist is a specialized plant pathologist dealing in soil bacteria.

True

False

Answers

Answer:

false

Explanation:

I think mycologist is about mushrooms and yeast.

Answer:

False

Explanation:

Mycology is the study of fungi, not soil bacteria.

can you please help me ​

Answers

Answer: 41. primary. 42. temporary storage. 43. secondary. brainliest?

Explanation:

One conclusion drawn from the experiment was that life span differences were independent of reproductive investment. If that is the case, then which of the following statements is true? Females that exhibited catch-up growth and produced many eggs had longer life spans than females that exhibited catch-up growth and produced few eggs. Females that exhibited catch-up growth and produced few eggs had longer life spans than females that exhibited catch-up growth and produced many eggs. Females that exhibited slowed growth and produced many eggs had longer life spans than females that exhibited slowed growth and produced few eggs. Females that exhibited slowed growth and produced few eggs had longer life spans than females that exhibited slowed growth and produced many eggs. Females that exhibited slowed growth and produced few eggs had similar life spans to females that exhibited slowed growth and produced many eggs.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is -  Females that exhibited slowed growth and produced few eggs had similar life spans to females that exhibited slowed growth and produced many eggs.

Explanation:

According to the question, the life span differences were independent of reproductive investment, on the basis of this experiment, it is clear that the sexual gametes or egg which is a reproductive investment are independent of the lifespan of a female.

The life span of females could be slow growing or not but it will not affect the production of the gametes or eggs. Eggs production is dependent upon hormones produced.

What Kind of Mutation is demonstrated?

Answers

the answer is Translocation
Other Questions
who is the richest person on earth? Extra word: Team You can make contact, but you are not allowed to _. The referees can give out yellow and _ cards, and 2 a _ time out. Who is Patricia McCormick? What is her purpose in writing the novel, Sold? If the mean of A and B is 20 , the mean of B and C and the mean of A,B and C us 18 . What is the mwan of A and C He figures that the treasure is 3 units either to the east or south of the location of the last clue Which of these could be the location of the treasure?.point (1.4) or point (-2.1).point (-5,4) or point (-2,1)C.point (1.4) or point (-2,7) Jane Tucker is the ethics officer for a publicly traded company. She is concerned that the company does not have a mechanism for anonymous reports of issues by employees. The CEO is not inclined to spend the money required to set up a hotline or any other reporting mechanism. Which of the following statements is true about this situation?A) As long as the company has an ethics officer to whom employees can report concerns, it has done everything necessary to enjoy the protections under the Federal Sentencing Guidelines. B) With Jane as an ethics officer and adding in a code of ethics, the company has met the two required prongs for the Federal Sentencing Guidelines. C) Without an anonymous reporting system, the company does not meet the minimum requirements for the protections of the Federal Sentencing Guidelines. D) The Federal Sentencing Guidelines protections do not apply to publicly traded companies under Dodd-Frank. which concept is part of taoism and confucianism Which of the following statements best explains the relationship between the common property regime and energy distribution? 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If the battery has a voltage of 24 Volts, Find the current when switch is closed. 100 POINTS, WILL MARK BRAINLIESTIntro/ Sexual Orientation-Gender Identity VocabularyUse the following terms to answer the attached questions:GenderGender roleGender non-conformityTransgenderCisgenderGender binaryGender expansiveSexual orientationIntersexSexual identityAndrogynousPansexualBehavior or appearance that does not conform to expected gender role is known as ________. *1 pointAttitudes, feelings, characteristics, and behaviors that a given culture associates with being male or female and that are often labeled as "masculine" or "feminine" is known as one's _______. *1 pointA general term used for a variety of conditions where a person is born with biological conditions (such as hormones, chromosomes, reproductive or sexual anatomy) that don't seem to fit the typical definitions of female or male is known as _________. *1 pointSocially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women are known as their ________. *1 point________ is a person's enduring romantic or sexual attraction to people of another and/or same gender. *1 point_________ refers to a wider, more flexible range of gender identities and expressions than those typically associated with the binary gender system. *1 pointPeople whose gender identity is the same as their assigned or presumed sex at birth are known as _______. *1 pointThe ________ system is a social system that constructs gender according to two discrete and opposite categories-male and female. *1 pointThe term for people whose gender identity differs from their assigned or presumed sex at birth is ________. *1 point________ is what we call ourselves in relation to our sexual orientation. Examples are: Heterosexual, lesbian, gay, bisexual, pansexual, and asexual. *1 pointA person who appears partly male, partly female or is of indeterminate sex may be described as _______. *1 pointRomantic or emotional attraction towards people regardless of their sex or gender identity is known as being __________. Sometimes this is called omnisexuality. *1 point