Help me solve all of these and please provide all work

Answer:

the answer for the question is B and E

The statement which best represents chemical change carried out by Larry is that it represents a synthesis reaction because two reactants form one product.

Chemical changes are defined as changes that occur when a substance combines with another substance to form a new substance.Alternatively, when a substance decomposes or breaks down to give new substances which  is also considered to be a chemical change.

There are several characteristics of chemical changes like change in state, change in color , change in composition and change in odor . During chemical change there is even formation of precipitate  which is an insoluble mass of substance or even evolution of gases.

As two reactants are combining to form a product it represents a synthesis reaction.

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The dissociation equations are shown as;

a) [tex]HCl ------ > H^+ + Cl^-[/tex]

b) [tex]H C_{2} H_{3}O_{2} ---- > C_{2} H_{3}O_{2} ^- +H^+[/tex]

C) [tex]NH_{4} ----- > NH_{3} + H^+[/tex]

D) [tex]C_{6} H_{5} NH_{3} ^+ ------- > C_{6} H_{5} NH_{2} + H^+[/tex]

E) [tex][Al(H_{2} O)_6}] ^{3+} ------ > Al^{3+}[/tex]

The term dissociation has to do with the procedure by which a substance can be broken up into its components. The components of a substance are those that have to come together so as to form the compound.

When the compound is to be broken up, the components that came together to make up the compound can broken up and then we have the original compounds tat we have at the start of the reaction.  In this case, the decomposition equations have been shown with the exclusion of water.

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Thr IUPAC or systematic name for the compound given from the task above is an organic compound known as undecane.

Organic compounds simply refers to those groups of chemical substances which contains carbon and hydrogen. All organics substances within their respective homologous families has the same general characteristics. From the task given above, it contains 11 carbons atoms which is bonded to 24 hydrogen atoms. That is, why the systematic name of the compound C11H24 is undecane.

Homologous series is a family of organic compound which follows a regular pattern and in which successive members differs from one another by the molecular formula of CH₂. Below are some classes of homologous families:

In conclusion, the compund CCC(C)CC(C)C(C)CC given in the problem above belongs to an alkane family.

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The 5.76 grams of MgBr₂ produced from the reaction of bromine and magnesium.

Balanced chemical equation

Mg + Br₂ ⇒MgBr₂

Number of moles of Mg and Br₂ present

n(Mg) = 1/24.3 = 0.0412 mol

n(Br₂) = 5/159.8 = 0.0313 mol

Checking the limiting reagent in the reaction.

Magnesium and Bromine react in 1:1 ratio

Then Limiting reagent will be bromine. The values of bromine will be used to calculate amount of magnesium bromide(Molar mass =5.76g).

0.0313 x 184.1 = 5.76 grams.

Hence, 0.0313 mole of bromine will produce 5.76 grams of magnesium bromide.

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Pyruvate is produced by the reaction of a glycolysis. The multienzyme complex catalyzes the oxidative of pyruvate to yield carbon dioxide and acetyl coa. Its reaction is given as

Pyruvate+CoA+NAD⁺→acetyl CoA+NADH+H⁺+CO₂

Acetyl CoA→Citric acid cycle

Glycolysis process is defined as the conversion of a glucose(C₆H₁₂O₆) into the pyruvate(CH₃COCO₂H). In the glycolysis reaction, high energy ATP molecules and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is created. The series of ten enzyme-catalyzed process makes up glycolysis.

One of the metabolic route which does not require is glycolysis(In anaerobic conditon, pyruvate is converted to lactic acid). It is occurred in various species, which tells us that it is old metabolic route.

Therefore, the glycolysis reaction produces pyruvate and its complete reaction is

Pyruvate+CoA+NAD⁺→acetyl CoA+NADH+H⁺+CO₂

Acetyl CoA→Citric acid cycle

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Answer:

G) It would speed up evaporation.

Explanation:

As the temperature increases, the rate of evaporation also increases.

Peroxidase activity increases and then decreases due to a change from a moderately acidic environment (pH near 6) to a basic environment.

Peroxidase is an enzyme found in a wide variety of organisms, from plants to humans to bacteria. Its function is to decompose hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Hydrogen peroxide is one of the toxins produced as a by-product of using oxygen to breathe. (The fact that hydrogen peroxide is toxic makes it useful in first aid kits.

Peroxidase activity is strongly influenced by pH factors. Peroxidase works best at pH 7, but increasing or decreasing pH adversely affects its activity. Therefore, when moving from a weakly acidic environment close to pH 6 to a basic one, the peroxidase activity increases as the neutral environment approaches and decreases as the basic environment approaches, so that the peroxidase activity varies with the pH of the solution.

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The complete question is as follows:

Researchers investigated the influence of environmental pH on the activity of peroxidase, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen gas. In an experiment, the researchers added a hydrogen peroxide solution containing guaiacol to several identical test tubes and adjusted the solution in each test tube to a different pH . The researchers included the guaiacol because it caused the solutions to change color as the reactions proceeded, which the researchers relied on for measuring reaction rates. Finally, the researchers added the same amount of peroxidase to each test tube and measured the rate of each reaction at 23°C . The results of the experiment are represented in Figure 1.

Based on Figure 1, which of the following statements best predicts the effect that a change from a moderately acidic environment ( pH near 6) to a basic environment will have on peroxidase activity?

answer choices

Peroxidase activity will decrease.

Peroxidase activity will increase.

Peroxidase activity will stay the same.

Peroxidase activity will increase at first and then decrease.

When dimethyl ether is dissolved in water results in,

CH₃OCH₃(aq)(g) + H2O(l) ⇌ CH₃OCH₃(aq)

What is Dimethyl ether?

Dimethyl ether (also known as DME) is a colorless, flammable gas with a faint, ether-like odor. It is the simplest ether, a derivative of methane, and is a promising alternative fuel for diesel engines. It is produced from the reaction of methanol and hydrogen or by steam reforming of natural gas.

What are Ethers?

Ethers are organic compounds containing an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups. Generally, ethers are colorless and have low boiling points, making them volatile. Ethers are widely used in the production of pharmaceuticals, fragrances, and other chemicals.

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Buffer is a solution used to stabilize the pH (acidity) of a liquid.

A buffer system in chemistry is a type of solution that is able to resist changes in its pH when small amounts of an acidic or basic substance is added to it.

Many chemical reactions are carried out at a constant pH. In nature, there are many systems that use buffering for pH regulation

According to this question, a buffer system of hydrofluoric acid, HF, and its salt is given. The purpose of the buffer system is to stabilise the pH of the hydrofluoric acid solution.

Also, hydroxide ion (OH) can be added to the solution to neutralise the acid content of the solution as characterized by the presence of hydronium ions (H₃O⁺).

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The answer will be E if the query is correct. Following the treatment of the molecule below with ozone, zinc metal, and water, eight carbonyl groups are produced.

Exactly what is a carbonyl group?

A double bond connecting a carbonyl carbon atom and a carbonyl oxygen atom makes up a carbonyl group. Two of the six valence electrons that the carbonyl oxygen atom has are shared with the carbonyl carbon atom. Two sets of electron lone pairs make up the four valence electrons that are still present.

How many different kinds of carbonyl groups exist?

Aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, esters, lactones, amides, and lactams are examples of compounds that include carbonyl groups..

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The bond length order becomes: CO < CO₂ < CO₃⁻².

The total amount of covalent bonds that two atoms have together. A single bond exists when two atoms share one pair of electrons (bond order = 1). Two pairs of electrons make up a double bond (bond order = 2), whereas three pairs of electrons form a triple bond (bond order = 3).

CO has triple bond.

CO₂ has double bond and

CO₃⁻² has a nature in between double and triple bond.

Thus, the bond length order becomes: CO < CO₂ < CO₃⁻².

As, we all know, bond order has an inverse relationship with bond length. That is, longer bonds are stronger bonds. CO has a bond order of 3 (triple bond), CO₂  has a bond order of 4 (two double bonds), and CO₃⁻² has a bond order of 1.33. ( bond nature between single and double bonds). That's why CO₃⁻² have a longer bond length than CO₂.

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12 moles O2 is a possible way to describe the elemental oxygen component in the reaction.

Define elemental oxygen form?

At normal temperatures and pressures, elemental oxygen is present as a gas, most frequently in the form of O2. This crucial ingredient, which is a crucial part of cellular respiration, is required for life on this planet.

This oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction is taking place:

8 S - 48 e- → 8 S (oxidation)

24 O + 48 e- → 24 O- (reduction)

O2 is an oxidizing agent, whereas S8 is a reducing agent.

Because each substance contains a huge number of atoms and molecules, we use the mole (mol) to express the amount of substances in chemistry. For the researcher who discovered how many atoms there are in 12 grams of carbon, the value provided, 6.022 x 1023 is known as Avogadro's number.

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Ampicillin is a type of aminopenicillin, a semisynthetic class of β-lactams that were created for effectiveness against both gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. It is also referred to as a broad-spectrum penicillin. Penicillin was combined with an amino group or side chain to produce aminoopenicillins.

What is  β-lactams ?

Antibiotics known as β-lactams have a beta-lactam ring as part of their chemical structure. This comprises carbapenems, cephalosporins, monobactams, cephamycins, and derivatives of penicillin.

Ampicillin belongs to the penicillin drug class. It eliminates bacteria to operate. Colds, the flu, and other viral diseases cannot be treated with antibiotics like ampicillin. Antibiotic use that is not necessary raises the likelihood of developing a later infection that is resistant to antibiotic treatment.

Thus, Ampicillin is a type of aminopenicillin, a semisynthetic class of β-lactams that were created for effectiveness against both gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.

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We use the MO diagram for a homonuclear diatomic species (since C and N are neighbours, we treat them as the "same").

The first two electrons contribute to bonding. The next two are anti-bonding.

The next six contribute to bonding, and the following six are anti-bonding.

So, if we start with CN+, which has 4+5-1 (8) valence electrons, we note that the first two electrons contribute to bonding, while the next two cancel this out; the next four contribute to bonding, so the bond order is 4/2 = 2.

If we add one more electron to get CN, there are now 5 bonding electrons, giving bond order 5/2=2.5.

Adding one more to give CN- would give the bond order 6/2 = 3. (If we added more electrons, each one would lower the bond order.)

Given a series of molecules with identical skeletal structures, the one with the highest bond order has the highest bond energy:

CN+ < CN < CN-

Lewis structures will verify that CN- has a triple bond, but they do not work particularly well for CN+ and CN.

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The Glycolysis produces pyruvate.

What is pyruvate?

Pyruvate is a three-carbon molecule which is the end product of glycolysis, the first step in the breakdown of glucose for energy. It is also the starting point for the Krebs cycle, the second stage of cellular respiration. Pyruvate is formed from the cleavage of the six-carbon sugar molecule, glucose, and is then further oxidized to form acetyl-CoA and enter the Krebs cycle. The enzymes responsible for pyruvate production are known as pyruvate kinases and are found in most eukaryotic cells. Pyruvate is an important molecule in the production of energy within the cell, as it acts as both a source of energy and a precursor to other metabolic pathways. Additionally, pyruvate is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids, amino acids, and other biomolecules. Pyruvate is also used in the fermentation process to produce lactic acid and ethanol.

The pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) enzyme is part of the multienzyme PDC, which catalyzes the physiologically irreversible decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and is often referred to as a 'gatekeeper' in the oxidation of carbohydrate.

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Any of the series of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a double bond, including ethylene and propylene are called Alkenes.

What are Unsaturated Hydrocarbons?

Unsaturated hydrocarbons are organic compounds that contain one or more double or triple bonds between carbon atoms. They are also known as alkenes or alkynes depending on the number of double bonds present. Examples of unsaturated hydrocarbons include ethene (C2H4), propene (C3H6) and butadiene (C4H6).

Define Alkenes?

Alkenes are a class of hydrocarbons that contain a carbon-carbon double bond. They are also known as olefins or unsaturated hydrocarbons. Alkenes are used in the production of polymers, fuels, lubricants, and solvents.

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Answer:

The demonstration involving plastic containers and food coloring was very memorable. This experiment helped me understand the concept of diffusion, which is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration. For example, this experiment showed me how the food coloring molecules move from the container with more food coloring to the container with less food coloring until the attention of food coloring is equal in both containers. This helped me understand how diffusion works in real-life.

Explanation:

Answer:

36 electrons

Explanation:

Answer:

It is attached below.

Explanation:

The Lewis structure for H₃NO, also known as ammonia oxide or nitroxyl is given in the image.

Count the total number of valence electrons:

Hydrogen (H) has 1 valence electron.

Nitrogen (N) has 5 valence electrons.

Oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons.

Total valence electrons = (3 × 1) + 5 + 6 = 14

Determine the central atom:

In this case, nitrogen (N) is the central atom, as it is less electronegative than oxygen (O) and hydrogen (H).

Connect the atoms with single bonds:

Place a single bond (represented by a line) between nitrogen (N) and each hydrogen (H). This accounts for 3 electrons.

Distribute the remaining electrons:

Place the remaining 11 electrons as lone pairs around the atoms to satisfy the octet rule. In this case, nitrogen (N) will have a lone pair, and oxygen (O) will have a lone pair.
Each line represents a single bond, and the lone pairs are represented by pairs of dots or dashes. The hydrogen atoms are bonded to the nitrogen atom, and the oxygen atom has a lone pair.

Hence, the Lewis structure is in the image.

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Answer:

electron- neutron- nucleus- atom- solution compound

Explanation:

The total time of decay is 8.18 min.

The half life is the time to takes a substance to decay. so, we half to find out the number of half lives that have passed for initial amount of 132.8 g.

         number of half -lives        amount of substances in g

                       0                                    132.8

                        1                                     66.4

                        2                                     33.2

                        3                                      16.6

                        4                                        8.3

so. it will take 4 half -lives for the substance to decay to 8.3 g.

the total time decay = 4 × 2.045 = 8.18 min.

Thus, A substance has a half-life of 2. 045 minutes. If the initial amount of the substance was 132. 8 grams, half - life will have passed before the substance decays to 8. 3 grams. the total time of decay is 8.18 min.

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To determine the number of atoms of each element we need to multiply stoichiometry that is written in front of the molecule to the number that is written on the foot of the element. Hence, the balanced chemical equation for the reduction of nitrate ion to gaseous nitrogen dioxide in acidic aqueous solution is NO₂ (g) + H₂O (l) → NO³⁻ (aq) + 2H⁺ + e⁻.

Balanced chemical equation

Balanced equation is defined as the reaction where the number of atoms of each species is same on reactant and product side. In balanced equation mass can neither be destroyed nor be created.

The skeletal equation can be written as:

NO₂ (g) + H₂O (l) → NO³⁻ (aq) + 2H⁺ + e⁻.

The number atoms of N on reactant and product side is 1 so N is balanced.

The number of atoms of H is 2 on reactant and on product side it is 2. So, H is balanced.

The number of atoms of O is 3 on reactant and on product side it is 3. So, O is balanced.

Hence, the balanced chemical equation for the reduction of nitrate ion to gaseous nitrogen dioxide in acidic aqueous solution is:

NO₂ (g) + H₂O (l) → NO³⁻ (aq) + 2H⁺ + e⁻

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The percentage yield of the given reaction is 77.33%.

What is percentage yield?
Reactants frequently produce fewer product quantities than predicted by the chemical reaction's formula. The percentage of a theoretical yield that's been produced in a reaction is calculated using the percent yield formula. Working through a stoichiometry problem yields the theoretical yield, which is the ideal quantity of the final product. The actual yield is determined by calculating the volume of the product formed. We can determine the percentage yield by dividing the actual yield by the theoretical yield.

Moles is calculated by using the formula:
Moles of Ammonia:
Given mass of ammonia = 150g
Molar mass of ammonia = 17 g/mol
Putting values in above equation, we get:

Moles of Oxygen
Given mass of oxygen = 150g
Molar mass of oxygen = 32 g/mol
Putting values in above equation, we get:
For the given chemical equation:

By Stoichiometry,
5 moles of oxygen reacts with 4 moles of ammonia.
So, 4.6875 moles of oxygen will react with =  of ammonia
As, moles of ammonia required is less than the calculated moles. Hence, ammonia is present in excess and is termed as excess reagent.
Therefore, oxygen is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of products.

By Stoichiometry of the given reaction:
5 moles of oxygen gas produces 4 moles of nitric oxide
So, 4.6875 moles of oxygen gas will produce =  of nitric oxide

Now, to calculate the theoretical amount of nitric oxide, we use equation 1: Molar mass of nitric oxide = 30 g/mol
 Given mass of nitric oxide = 112.5 g
Now, to calculate the percentage yield, we use the formula:
Experimental yield = 87 g
Theoretical yield = 112.5 g
Putting values in above equation, we get:
Hence, the percentage yield of the given reaction is 77.33%.

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The skeletal line-bond structure of (r)-1-ethyl-3-ethynyl-cyclohex-1-ene is as follows:

A disubstituted cyclohexene molecule contains an ethyl group on C1 and an ethynyl group on C3.

To represent the dash or wedge bond structure we have to first identify the asymmetric centers in the molecule.

An organic compound's skeletal structure was made up of a group of atoms that also are joined together to form the compound's fundamental structure. Chains, branches, and/or rings of bound atoms can make up the skeleton. Heteroatoms were skeletal atoms that are not carbon as well as hydrogen.

The asymmetric center in the cyclohexene molecule is C-3 in the cyclohexene so the dash and wedge structure can also be shown as follows:

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The electronic configuration of

Helium is - 1s2,

Neon is [He]2s²2p⁶

Argon is 1s²2s²2p⁶ or Ne 3s² 3p⁶

The common characteristic is that their outermost shells are filled making them noble gases.

We can define the electronic configuration as the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in molecular orbitals.

Helium has 2 electrons in its  atomic number is 2  

Neon has 2,8 electrons in its shell atomic number 10.

Argon has 2,8,8 electrons in its shell and atomic number 18  Argon electron configuration will be 1s²2s²2p6  It is called a noble gas.

They do not react with other elements because their electronic shells are filled completing their octet configuration, and are stable and inert. They are called noble or inert gases.

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The specific heat of gases can be taken roughly as a constant for differences in the order of 100⁰ C from ambient. Variation is crucial and cannot be disregarded for temperatures of more than, let's say 500 ⁰C or 1000⁰C.

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9-88 An easy goal Air with a maximum and minimum temperature od 27°C and 727°C is used in the Brayton cycle.

A thermodynamic cycle called the Brayton cycle is employed in various heat engines. In particular, several jet engines and gas turbine engines utilise it. The cycle entails compressing outside air, combining it with fuel, and then lighting the resulting mixture, which expands and generates power.

The thermodynamic cycle types Occur in order and Brayton cycle both exist. The main distinction between the Rankine cycle and the Sco2 cycle is that the former is a cycle of vapour, while the latter is a cycle of vapour and liquid phases.

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Answer:

Purines make up two of the four nucleobases in DNA and RNA: adenine and guanine and Pyramidines make up the other bases in DNA and RNA: cytosine, thymine.

Explanation:

Pyrimidines are heterocyclic compounds with  single  rings whereas purines are heterocyclic compounds with fused  ring. Among the given nitrogen bases, adenine is purine  and cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines .

In DNA molecule, the two strands are connected together like a stair case with steps. The steps here are called nitrogen bases. There are 4 different types of nitrogen bases in DNA molecules.

The nitrogen bases are namely, adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine. The adenine of one strand is bonded to thymine of the other strand through 2 hydrogen bonds. Whereas, cytosine and guanine are connected by three hydrogen bonds.

Adenine and guanine are purine bases and thymine and cytosine are pyrimidine bases. The fused heterocyclic rings with an imidazole ring is called purines. Single ring heterocyclic bases are the pyrimidines.

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Your question is incomplete. But your complete question is as follows:

classify each molecule as a purine or a pyrimidine.

adenine

cytosine

thymine

Reactivity decreases as you move from left to right. The farther to the left and down the periodic chart you move, easier it is for electrons to be given or taken away, hence resulting in higher reactivity.

Reactivity decreases as we move down the column. As you learn more about the table, you will be able to find that this pattern is true for other families.

The atoms get bigger, as the atomic number increases. The chemical properties change slightly when compared to the element right above them on the table. The non-metal elements in Group 7 that are known as the halogens, get less reactive as you move to the down of the group.

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