Answer: Polar molecules occur when there is an electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms. Nonpolar molecules occur when electrons are shared equal between atoms of a diatomic molecule or when polar bonds in a larger molecule cancel each other out. Polar Molecules
Solutes are returned to the blood during: _________
During tubular reabsorption, solutes are transferred back to the circulation. Glomerular filtration involves the passive transfer of small substances from the blood towards the filtrate.
The location of tubular reabsorptionThe second crucial step in the production of urine is tubular reabsorption. Many of the glomerular filtration of solutes needed for proper bodily operation, like amino acids, glucose, et salts, begins in the proximal section of the tubule.
What are tubular reabsorption and secretion?The reverse of reabsorption, tubular secretion is the movement of substances from peritubular capillaries into the renal tubular lumen. Passive diffusion and active transport are the main causes of this secretion. Usually, only a small number of substances—usually waste products—are excreted.
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how to write a test variable and an outcome variable for science
Answer:
A test variable is a user-defined, name-value pair that stores and refers to information throughout a test and between tests.
Provide a default value to the variable during declaration.
Change the value of the variable using Set Variable statement. You can use the Add and Insert menus of the Test Editor to create Set Variable statements.
Set hard-coded value or value retried from a data source, such as dataset or reference that appears before the Set statement to the variable.
If a variable is initialized at various places such as test, compound test, schedule, or user group, the product uses the following order to initialize the value of the variable when running the test. The variable set in the variable table of the compound test editor takes the highest precedence followed by others:
Compound test setting in the variable table UI
Compound test specified in a var file
User group setting in the variable table UI
User group specified in a var file
Schedule specified setting in the variable table UI
Schedule specified in a var file
Command line
Outcome variables are usually the dependent variables which are observed and measured by changing independent variables. These variables determine the effect of the cause (independent) variables when changed for different values. The dependent variables are the outcomes of the experiments determining what was caused or what changed as a result of the study.
For a simple example, the marks a student obtains in an exam is a result of the hard word measured in the number of hours put behind studying and the intelligence measured in IQ are the independent variables. The marks obtained thus represents the dependent or outcome variable. When the values of the independent variables are changed, the marks may or may not change and hence dependent variables are dependent on the independent variables while the opposite is implausible i.e., when the marks are changed, it doesn’t change the number of hours of study or the IQ of the student.
The response variable is also called as the dependent variable because it depends on the causal factor, the independent variable. Depending on the various input values of the experimental variables, the responses are recorded.
Part F
Why is it a good idea to perform three trials at each concentration? How
experiment to produce more reliable results?
Answer:
If one is analyzing a solution, for the best accuracy, the volume of titrant used should fall in the upper range of the burette that delivers the titrant. If one is using a 50 ml burette, one would like the volume to fall in maybe the 30 to 45 ml range. If on the first trial, the volume of titrant used is only a few ml, then a larger volume of solution being analyzed should be taken. If the volume of titrant exceeds 50 ml, then a smaller volume of solution should be taken. One should not need three trials. Based on the first trial, one should be able to determine the optimum volume of solution to be analyzed. If one is lucky, the optimum amount may occur on the first trial.
choose the best lewis structure for icl5
The formation of molecule can easily be shown by drawing Lewis dot structure. Since atom's Lewis dot structure has three dots. Therefore, the valence electron around Iodine is 7, out of 7 electron, 5 electron will make single bond with one electron of chlorine.
What is Lewis dot structure?Lewis dot structure is a way to represent the valence electron of an element in the form of dot.
These are mainly beneficial in understanding the chemical formula of covalent compound. The valence electron around Iodine is 7, out of 7 electron, 5 electron will make single bond with one electron of chlorine.
Therefore, the valence electron around Iodine is 7, out of 7 electron, 5 electron will make single bond with one electron of chlorine.
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A strip of paw paw was placr in a beaker of water.After 30 minutes what happen to the strip?
Anything that moves in a net direction from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration is said to be diffusing. Because the particles in liquids and gases travel randomly from one location to another, diffusion occurs in these media.
What is diffusion ?Diffusion is the overall net movement of anything from a higher concentration to a lower concentration. A gradient in the Gibbs free energy or chemical potential drives diffusion.
The molecules' kinetic energy causes random motion, which causes diffusion. This mechanism happens in simple diffusion without the help of a transport protein. The molecules travel from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration due to their random mobility.
Thus, Because the particles in liquids and gases travel randomly from one location to another, diffusion occurs in these media.
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you have a sodium hydroxide solution that is approximately 0.2 m that you need to standardize. in order to make efficient use of your 50 ml buret, you need to know how many runs you can perform. estimate how many mls of 0.2 m naoh will be ne
4ml of NaOH is required for neutralization of KHP.
The chemical reaction is as follows:
NaOH + КНР → NaKP + H₂O
The mass of KHP used is 0.1509g, Molar mass of KHP is 204.29g/mol
Then moles of KHP used are given by
Moles of KHP used = 0.1509/204.29
Moles of KHP = 7.35 x 10⁻⁴ moles
The molarity of NaOH is 0.2 M Let the volume of NaOH required for neutralization be V.
Moles of NaOH needed = Molarity x volume of NaOH (L)
= 0.2 x V
As 1 mole of NaOH requires 1 mole of KHP, then
Moles of NaOH required = Molarity of NaOH x volume of NaOH (L)
On substituting the values we get,
0.2 V = 7.35×10⁻⁴
V = 7.35x10⁻⁴/0.2
= 3.675 X 10⁻³L
V = 3.675 mL
≈ 4mL
Therefore, 4 ml of NaOH is required for neutralization.
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the 3' end of a strand of dna contains a(n) ____ extending from the 3rd carbon of the sugar molecule.
The 3' end of a strand of DNA contains a hydroxide group extending from the 3rd carbon of the sugar molecule.
The 3' and 5' ends of DNA molecules are referred to as the phosphate-sugar backbone of the molecule. The 3' end of the DNA is composed of a phosphate group and a deoxyribose sugar. The 5' end of the molecule is composed of a phosphate group and a ribose sugar. Both the 3' and 5' ends are connected by a covalent bond between the phosphate group and the sugar.
The 3' end of the DNA molecule is known as the "tail" or "tail end" because it is the end of the molecule that is furthest away from the double helix structure.
The 3' end is also referred to as the "hydroxyl end" because it contains a hydroxyl group. This hydroxyl group is important for certain metabolic processes such as DNA replication and transcription.
The 5' end of the DNA molecule is known as the "head" or "head end" because it is the end of the molecule that is closest to the double helix structure.
The 5' end is also referred to as the "phosphate end" because it contains a phosphate group. This phosphate group is important for certain metabolic processes such as DNA replication and transcription.
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Radio wave in the AM region have frequencie in the rang 539 to 1700 kilocycle per econd (530 to 1700 KHz). Calculate the wavelength correponding to a radio wave of grequncy 1460000/ (that i 1460 KHz)
The wavelength is 241.77m.
What is frequency?
Hertz gives the frequency at which a recurring event occurs once every second (Hz). The number of vibrations or cycles per unit of time is the definition of frequency, as we are all aware.
What is wavelength?
A wave's wavelength is the separation between its successive crests, notably between the points of an electromagnetic wave.
frequency = 1.240*10^6 s^-1
speed of light = 2.998*10^-8 m/s
λ = wavelength
C= λv
λ=c/v
λ= 2.998*10^-8 m/s/1.240*10^6 s^-1
λ= 241.77m
Therefore, wavelength is 241.77m.
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rank the compounds in order of increasing rates of their reactions by the sn1 or e1 mechanism. you are currently in a ranking module. turn off browse mode or quick nav, tab to move, space or enter to pick up, tab to move items between bins, arrow keys to change the order of items, space or enter to drop. slowest fastest answer bank
The explanation of the reaction between the compound is here.
What is compound?
A thing that is composed of two or more separate elements is called compound.
Sol-There is no chemical reaction. Know the extent between to react to react and fair play mixing I too means iodine and potassium I Od um ordered solution solution and I could not React directly as such bad form poorly I owed eight iron like I five and I seven. They negatively charged iodide in the negatively charged how you died. All right, come and did come about charge donor. The neutral iodine charging accepted a solution of iodine, a solution of iodine and potassium iodide um added in water had the light orange brown color, light orange brown color, orange brown color. Once a mileage is added it from another city complex. When once a mileage in my load I added it from another city complex.
When once a mileage in my load I added it from another city complex. The police have cried. The police had cried, the police have cried act as a George donor charges and the police have died. And the poly iodide act as a except her. The new council looks absorbing light of a different wavelength than polly iodide and the color turn dark dark blue. The object structure are poorly added inside the am I late helix Alex is not clear. Are bulky and sit inside the policy crowds of glucose units and could not get out of date.
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draw the skeletal (line-bond) structure of (r)-1-ethyl-3-ethynylcyclohex-1-ene. use a dash or wedge bond to indicate stereochemistry of substituents on asymmetric centers, where applicable.
The skeletal line-bond structure of (r)-1-ethyl-3-ethynyl-cyclohex-1-ene is as follows:
A disubstituted cyclohexene molecule contains an ethyl group on C1 and an ethynyl group on C3.
To represent the dash or wedge bond structure we have to first identify the asymmetric centers in the molecule.
An organic compound's skeletal structure was made up of a group of atoms that also are joined together to form the compound's fundamental structure. Chains, branches, and/or rings of bound atoms can make up the skeleton. Heteroatoms were skeletal atoms that are not carbon as well as hydrogen.
The asymmetric center in the cyclohexene molecule is C-3 in the cyclohexene so the dash and wedge structure can also be shown as follows:
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Write the formula for each of the following:
a. tin(II) carbonate
b. lithium phosphide
c. silicon tetrachloride
d. manganese(III) oxide
e. bromine
f. calcium bromide
Hope this answer helps you
What are two ways in whitch electrons in atoms are in constant motion
Must be two
WIll GIVE BRAINLIST
Answer:
1. an electron moving around the nucleus
2. an electron moving on its axis
Explanation:
The best way to remember how atoms move is by comparing them to a solar system. Just like a solar system atoms have a core, in this case the nucleus, and each atom rotates around the nucleus just like planets revolve around a star. They also rotate just like a plant does.
Copper crystallizes in a face-centered cubic lattice (the cu atoms are at the lattice points only). If the density of the metal is 8. 96 g/cm3, what is the unit cell edge length in pm?.
The unit cell edge length in pm is 361 pm.
given that :
the density of the metal , ρ = 8.96 g/cm³
atomic mass = 63.54 g/mol
the atomic cell = 4 atoms
Avogadro's number = 6.022 × 10²³ atoms/mol
the expression is given as follows :
cell volume = (atoms × atomic mass ) / density × Avogadro's number)
= ( 4 × 63.54 ) / 8.96 × 6.022 × 10²³)
= 4.71 × 10⁻²³ cm³
a = ∛4.71 × 10⁻²³ cm³
a = 361 pm
The unit cell edge length is 361 pm.
Thus, Copper crystallizes in a face-centered cubic lattice (the cu atoms are at the lattice points only). If the density of the metal is 8. 96 g/cm3, the unit cell edge length in pm is 361 pm.
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a swimming pool in the shape of a rectangular prism has a volume of 4,800 cubic feet. the length of the pool is 2 feet less than twice the width, and the height is 6 feet less than the width. find the length and width of the pool.
The length and width of the swimming pool is 23.08.
What is length?
The term "length" refers to a measurement along an object's largest dimension. A portion of space, or volume, is occupied by a sample of material. Volume of an object can be determined by knowing the length of each side.
What is height?
The vertical distance between an object's top and bottom or its base and something above it is what is meant by the terms height, altitude, and elevation. Height is a vertical measurement, whether or not something is high.
2*6=4800
12=6400
=533^
=23.08
Therefore, the length and width of the swimming pool is 23.08.
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asking questions about the behavior of ideal gases in terms of pressure, volume, temperature, and number of particles
Write a reflection about your learning in this portfolio. Your reflection should be at least 3 sentences. Use the following questions as a guide.
How did you design your investigation and plan to collect data?
What was the most difficult part of designing your investigation? Do you think your answer is the only right answer? Explain.
My reflection on idea gas behavior is that:
At higher temperatures and lower pressures, a gas typically behaves more like an ideal gas because the potential energy from intermolecular forces is less significant compared to the kinetic energy of the particles and the size of the molecules is less significant compared to the void space between them.What is the behavior of ideal gases in terms of pressure, volume and temperature?The way to design the investigation and plan to collect data is based on the true assumptions of :
The volume of the gas particles is quite small.The gas particles are of similar size and do not interact with one another through intermolecular forces (attraction or repulsion).The random motion of the gas particles is consistent with Newton's Laws of Motion.The most difficult part of designing your investigation is the gas behavior at different point or levels.
When held at a fixed temperature, the volume of a given quantity of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure at which it is measured.
Note that An ideal gas is one that abides with the gas laws under all possible pressure and temperature conditions. The gas must adhere to the kinetic-molecular theory in its entirety to achieve this. The gas particles must have no volume and must not interact with one another in any way that may be considered appealing.
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Compare and contrast one mole of a compound and Avogadro's number of particles in a compound. What is the conversion factor between the two?
One mole of a compound is a unit of measurement that represents 6.022 x 10^23 particles of a compound. This number is also referred to as Avogadro's number and is the ratio of particles to moles in a given compound.
What is Avogadro's number?
The proportionality factor that connects the number of constituent particles (typically molecules, atoms, or ions) in a sample with amount of substance in that sample is called the Avogadro constant, also known as NA or L. It has an exact value of 6.022140761023 reciprocal moles and serves as a SI defining constant. Stanislao Cannizzaro named it after the Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro, who explained this number at the Karlsruhe Congress in 1860, four years after Avogadro's passing. The Avogadro number is a dimensionless number that represents the Avogadro constant as a numerical value expressed in reciprocal moles. The Avogadro number, or Nor N0 in older literature, is the exact number of particles (6.022140761023) that make up one mole.
One mole of a compound is a unit of measurement that represents 6.022 x 10^23 particles of a compound.
This number is also referred to as Avogadro's number and is the ratio of particles to moles in a given compound.
The conversion factor between one mole and Avogadro's number of particles is 1:6.022 x 10^23.
This means that for every one mole of a compound, there are 6.022 x 10^23 particles of that compound.
In other words, one mole of a compound is equal to Avogadro's number of particles in that compound.
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Two of the ingredients in Coca-Cola are caffeine and phosphoric acid. Draw the structure of caffeine. Would you expect caffeine to be soluble in an aqueous medium? What is the role played by phosphoric acid in Coca-Cola?
Caffeine is a water soluble molecule, so it would be expected to be soluble in an aqueous medium.
What is Caffeine?
In the methylxanthine class of stimulants, caffeine is a central nervous (CNS) stimulant. As a cognitive enhancer that improves alertness and attentional performance, it is primarily used recreationally. By preventing adenosine from binding to the adenosine A1 receptor, caffeine increases the release of the neurotransmitters acetylcholine. Caffeine can bind to and block adenosine receptors because of adenosine's similar three-dimensional structure. Additionally, caffeine raises levels of cyclic AMP by nonselectively inhibiting phosphodiesterase. The methylxanthine alkaloid caffeine is an angry, white crystalline purine that shares chemical similarities with the adenine as well as guanine bases of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (RNA).
Phosphoric acid is added to Coca-Cola to give it a tart flavor and to act as a preservative. It also helps to dissolve other ingredients, such as caffeine, which might otherwise be insoluble in the beverage.
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ordering question click and drag on elements in order rank the following 0.1 m salt solutions in order of increasing ph (lowest ph at the top of the list).
NaHSO4 <NH4NO3<NaHCO3<Na2CO3 salt solutions in order of increasing ph (lowest ph at the top of the list).
The pH scale determines how basic or acidic aqueous or other liquid solutions are. The expression converts the hydrogen ion concentration, which typically ranges between 0 and 14, into values between 1 and 1014 gram-equivalents per litre. It is widely employed in the fields of biology, agronomy, and chemistry. Because it has a pH of 7, or 107 gram-equivalents of hydrogen ions per litre, pure water is neutral (neither acidic nor alkaline).
In an aqueous solution, the amount of hydrogen ions expressed in equivalents per litre is equal to log(H+). Since it indicates which crops will thrive there, a soil's pH is probably the most significant factor affecting its moisture content in agriculture.
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hydroiodic acid
Express your answer as a chemical formula.
The chemical formula of hydroiodic acid is HI.
What is chemical formula?Chemical formula is as used in chemistry is a notation indicating the number of atoms of each element present in a compound. It shows the type and number atoms of an element present in a compound.
For example, the molecular or chemical formula for ethane is C₂H₆.This shows that ethane contains 2 carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms.
Hydroiodic acid is a compound made up of two elements namely;
HydrogenIodineTherefore, the chemical formula for hydroiodic acid is HI.
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A simple ideal brayton cycle operates with air with minimum and maximum temperatures of 27.
9-88 An easy goal Air with a maximum and minimum temperature od 27°C and 727°C is used in the Brayton cycle.
The Brayton cycle process is what.A thermodynamic cycle called the Brayton cycle is employed in various heat engines. In particular, several jet engines and gas turbine engines utilise it. The cycle entails compressing outside air, combining it with fuel, and then lighting the resulting mixture, which expands and generates power.
Are the Rankine and Brayton cycles identical?The thermodynamic cycle types Occur in order and Brayton cycle both exist. The main distinction between the Rankine cycle and the Sco2 cycle is that the former is a cycle of vapour, while the latter is a cycle of vapour and liquid phases.
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61. Which sample has the largest mass? A) 1 mole of marshmallows B) 1 mole of Pb atoms C) 1 mole of CO2 molecules D) All of these have the same mass
No of moles of a substance = (Mass of substance / Molar mass of substance)
Here, all given substances have equal moles, i.e, 1 mole.
Hence,
mass of substance variation is directly related to their molar masses, the higher the molar mass, the greater is the mass of that substance.
Here, we know, order of the masses, in descending order are-
Marshmellows > Pb > CO2
Therefore, Masses are in same order-
Marshmellows > Pb > CO2
Thus, 1 mole of marshmellows has largest mass.
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smallest to largest- atom, electron,neutron solution compound nucleus
Answer:
electron- neutron- nucleus- atom- solution compound
Explanation:
An atmospheric inversion is a phenomenon that may have disastrous effects with respect to
air pollution. An atmospheric inversion occurs when a
A) lower layer of cool air is trapped by an upper layer of warmer air.
B) lower layer of warm air is trapped by an upper layer of cooler air.
C) lower layer of oxygen rich air is trapped by an upper layer of oxygen deficient air.
D) lower layer of oxygen deficient air is trapped by an upper layer of oxygen rich air.
An atmospheric inversion occurs when a lower layer of cool air is trapped by an upper layer of warmer air. So the correct option is 'A'
What is an inversion?An inversion is a change/deviation from the normal change of an atmospheric property with altitude. Atmospheric inversion are layers where the temperature rises with height. Multiple heights may experience the same temperature when inversions are present. The retrieval of cloud height becomes troublesome if the retrieved cloud temperature is within the range of temperatures in the inversion layer.
Inversion layer is a region or layer of the atmosphere in which temperature increases rather than decreases with elevation.
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show between force pressure and area
Answer:
Relationship: The Pressure on an Area and the Force Acting Perpendicularly to the Area. The pressure, , on an area, , is given by = , where is the force acting perpendicularly to all the sides of the area
Consider the phosphorus tetrachloryl (PCI) cation. What is the central atom? Enter its chemical symbol. How many lone pairs are around the central atom? What is the ideal angle between the phosphorus- chlorine bonds? 0 Compared to the ideal angle, you would expect the actual angle between the phosphorus-chlorine bonds to be ... (choose one) (choose one) about the same X bigger Explanation Check smaller
Chemical structure determination involves the chemist identifying the molecular structure and, if possible and necessary, the electronic structure of the target molecule or other solids.
Looking at the molecular structure of PCl3, it is a pyramid with approximately three bond angles. 103°. PCl3 is polar because VSEPR theory predicts a triangular pyramidal molecular structure. Around phosphorus he has four electron density regions. One of them is the lone pair of electrons. In general, the lone pair of the central atom indicates that the molecule is polar.
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Using a drawing, compare the atomic radius of the following elements. Be sure your drawing ranks them from smallest radius to largest radius.
Potassium
Sodium
Sulfur
Selenium
The arrangement of the elements from smallest atomic radius to largest atomic radius is S < Se < Na < K
What is the atomic radius of an element?The atomic radius of an element is a measure of the size of the atom of an element.
The atomic radius of an element is calculated as one-half the distance between the nuclei of two covalently bonded atoms of the element. Atomic radius is one of the properties of an atom that show periodicity.
The periodicity of elements is the regular variation of the properties of an element across a period and down a group.
The atomic radius of atoms of elements increases down the group and decreases across a period.
Considering the atomic radius of the given element:
Potassium has the largest atomic radiusSodium has the next largest atomic radiusSelenium has the next largest atomic radiusSulfur has the least atomic radius.Learn more about atomic radius at: https://brainly.com/question/13126562
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Where are the electrons found in bohr's atomic model?
Answer:
The nucleus
Explanation: bohr tells us that the electrons which have a negative charge clicle the orbits in specific nucleus
Elements In Group Have A Np6 Electron Configuration In The Outer Shell.
(a) 6A
(b) 7A
(c) 5A
(d) 8A
(e) 4A
Elements in group 8A have a np6 electron configuration in the outer shell. Therefore, the correct answer option is: (d) 8A.
What are valence electrons?In Chemistry, valence electrons can be defined as the number of electrons that are present in the outermost shell of an atom of a specific chemical element.
Additionally, valence electrons are used to determine whether an atom or group of chemical elements that are found on a periodic table can chemically bond with others.
What are noble gases?In Chemistry, noble gases are chemical elements with eight valence electrons and as such have a full octet. Also, some examples of noble gases are argon, neon, etc.
In conclusion, all noble gases that are found in group 8A of the periodic table have a np6 electron configuration in the outer shell.
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Carbon disulfide has a vapor pressure of 363 torr at 25 ∘ C and a normal boiling point of 46.3 ∘ C . Find Δ H v a p for carbon disulfide.
The ΔHvap for carbon disulfide is 26.06J.
Derivation of the Clausius Clapeyron Equation in ThermodynamicsAs the temperature rises, so does the water vapor saturation pressure. The rate at which vapour pressure rises for each degree that the temperature rises is determined by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Specify p as the saturation vapour pressure and T as the temperature.
In honor of Rudolf Clausius and Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron, the Clausius Clapeyron equation is a way of explaining a discontinuous phase transformation between two phases of matter of a single constituent. There is no direct relationship between a liquid's temperature and vapour pressure.
Clausius-Clapeyron Equation,
In P = RT/ΔHvap + C
Given,
P = 363 torr,
R = 8.314
T = 46.3°C
C= 25°C
363 = 8.314×46.3/ΔHvap + 25
363 = 384.9/ΔHvap +25
ΔHvap = 384.9/363 + 25
ΔHvap = 26.06J.
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The graph below shows the volume of hydrogen evolved against time for the reaction of a piece of solid magnesium metal with 1.00 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq). Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g) (a) Deduce the rate of the reaction at time t = 1.5 minutes. (i) Assuming magnesium is the limiting reagent and the gas was collected at STP (i) Calculate the mass of the piece of magnesium metal used. (ii) Describe how the graph would have looked if the magnesium metal had been in powdered form.
(a) Rate of reaction = 13.33 dm³/min.
(b) Assuming magnesium is the limiting reagent:
Mass of magnesium = 486 gIf the magnesium metal had been in powdered form, the rate of reaction will be higher and the graph is attached belowWhat is rate of reaction?Reaction rate or rate of reaction is the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs and is defined as proportional to the increase in concentration of products per unit time and the decrease in concentration of reactants per unit time. Reaction rates can change dramatically.
Rate of reaction = Volume change/time
At 1.5 minutes volume of 20 dm³ H₂
So rate will be:
20/1.5 = 13.33 dm³/min.
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)
For moles of H₂:
n = M × V
Where, n = number of moles
M = Molarity (1.00 mol/dm³)
V = Volume (20 dm³)
n = 1.00 × 20
n = 20 moles
Since the mole ratio of Mg and H₂ is 1:1, the moles of Mg are 20 moles.
m = n × Mm
Where, m = mass
n = number of moles (20 moles)
Mm = molar mass of Mg (24.30 g/mol)
m = 20 × 24.30
m = 486 g
Powders react faster than blocks - they have a larger surface area and reactions occur on the surface, so they are faster.
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The complete question is as follows:
The graph below shows the volume of hydrogen evolved against time for the reaction of a piece of solid magnesium metal with 1.00 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq). Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g) (a) Deduce the rate of the reaction at time t = 1.5 minutes. (i) Assuming magnesium is the limiting reagent and the gas was collected at STP (i) Calculate the mass of the piece of magnesium metal used. (ii) Describe how the graph would have looked if the magnesium metal had been in powdered form.
