1. the arbitrary constant, then substituting back the value of y gives y(t) = ct² / √t, where c is the arbitrary constant.
ii) Some of the methods that can be used to solve the differential equation obtained in (i) are: The separation of variables method The homogeneous equation method The exact differential equation method.
The given differential equation is of the second order which can be transformed into an equation of order 1 by using a substitution.
The first step is to make the substitution y = vt so that the derivative of y with respect to t becomes v + tv'.
Solution:
i) Differentiate the substitution: dy = vdt + t dv .....(1)
Differentiate it again: d²y = v d t + dv + t dv' .....
(2)Substitute equations (1) and (2) into the given differential equation: t(vdt + tdv) - vdt - √v + 1 = 0
Simplify and divide throughout by t:dv/dt + (1/ t) v = (1/ t) √v - (1/ t)Using integrating factor to solve the differential equation gives v(t) = ct / √t, where c is the arbitrary constant, then substituting back the value of y gives y(t) = ct² / √t, where c is the arbitrary constant.
Thus the differential equation obtained in (i) can be written as: d y/d t = f(t, y) where f(t, y) = ct / √t - cy / t.
ii) Some of the methods that can be used to solve the differential equation obtained in (i) are: The separation of variables method The homogeneous equation method The exact differential equation method.
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Time left O (i) Write a Recursive Function Algorithm to find the terms of following recurrence relation. t(1)=-2 t(k)=3xt(k-1)+2 (n>1).
The algorithm for recursive relation function algorithm based on details is given below to return an output.
The recursive function algorithm to find the terms of the given recurrence relation `t(1)=-2` and `t(k)=3xt(k-1)+2` is provided below:
Algorithm: // Recursive function algorithm to find the terms of given recurrence relation
Function t(n: integer) : integer;
Begin
If n=1 Then
t(n) ← -2
Else
t(n) ← 3*t(n-1)+2;
End If
End Function
The algorithm makes use of a function named `t(n)` to calculate the terms of the recurrence relation. The function takes an integer n as input and returns an integer as output. It makes use of a conditional statement to check if n is equal to 1 or not.If n is equal to 1, then the function simply returns the value -2 as output.
Else, the function calls itself recursively with (n-1) as input and calculates the term using the given recurrence relation `t(k)=3xt(k-1)+2` by multiplying the previous term by 3 and adding 2 to it.
The calculated term is then returned as output.
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Determine the correct classification for each number or expression.
The numbers in this problem are classified as follows:
π/3 -> Irrational.Square root of 54 -> Irrational.5 x (-0.3) -> Rational.4.3(3 repeating) + 7 -> Rational.What are rational and irrational numbers?Rational numbers are defined as numbers that can be represented by a ratio of two integers, which is in fact a fraction, and examples are numbers that have no decimal parts, or numbers in which the decimal parts are terminating or repeating. Examples are integers, fractions and mixed numbers.Irrational numbers are defined as numbers that cannot be represented by a ratio of two integers, meaning that they cannot be represented by fractions. They are non-terminating and non-repeating decimals, such as non-exact square roots.More can be learned about rational and irrational numbers at brainly.com/question/5186493
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Fill the blanks to write general solution for a linear systems whose augmented matrices was reduce to -3 0 0 3 0 6 2 0 6 0 8 0 -1 <-5 0 -7 0 0 0 3 9 0 0 0 0 0 General solution: +e( 0 0 0 0 20 pts
The general solution is:+e(13 - e3 + e4 e5 -3e6 - 3e7 e8 e9)
we have a unique solution, and the general solution is given by:
x1 = 13 - e3 + e4x2 = e5x3 = -3e6 - 3e7x4 = e8x5 = e9
where e3, e4, e5, e6, e7, e8, and e9 are arbitrary parameters.
To fill the blanks and write the general solution for a linear system whose augmented matrices were reduced to
-3 0 0 3 0 6 2 0 6 0 8 0 -1 -5 0 -7 0 0 0 3 9 0 0 0 0 0,
we need to use the technique of the Gauss-Jordan elimination method. The general solution of the linear system is obtained by setting all the leading variables (variables in the pivot positions) to arbitrary parameters and expressing the non-leading variables in terms of these parameters.
The rank of the coefficient matrix is also calculated to determine the existence of the solution to the linear system.
In the given matrix, we have 5 leading variables, which are the pivots in the first, second, third, seventh, and ninth columns.
So we need 5 parameters, one for each leading variable, to write the general solution.
We get rid of the coefficients below and above the leading variables by performing elementary row operations on the augmented matrix and the result is given below.
-3 0 0 3 0 6 2 0 6 0 8 0 -1 -5 0 -7 0 0 0 3 9 0 0 0 0 0
Adding 2 times row 1 to row 3 and adding 5 times row 1 to row 2, we get
-3 0 0 3 0 6 2 0 0 0 3 0 -1 10 0 -7 0 0 0 3 9 0 0 0 0 0
Dividing row 1 by -3 and adding 7 times row 1 to row 4, we get
1 0 0 -1 0 -2 -2 0 0 0 -1 0 1 -10 0 7 0 0 0 -3 -9 0 0 0 0 0
Adding 2 times row 5 to row 6 and dividing row 5 by -3,
we get1 0 0 -1 0 -2 0 0 0 0 1 0 -1 10 0 7 0 0 0 -3 -9 0 0 0 0 0
Dividing row 3 by 3 and adding row 3 to row 2, we get
1 0 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 -1 10 0 7 0 0 0 -3 -3 0 0 0 0 0
Adding 3 times row 3 to row 1,
we get
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 -1 13 0 7 0 0 0 -3 -3 0 0 0 0 0
So, we see that the rank of the coefficient matrix is 5, which is equal to the number of leading variables.
Thus, we have a unique solution, and the general solution is given by:
x1 = 13 - e3 + e4x2 = e5x3 = -3e6 - 3e7x4 = e8x5 = e9
where e3, e4, e5, e6, e7, e8, and e9 are arbitrary parameters.
Hence, the general solution is:+e(13 - e3 + e4 e5 -3e6 - 3e7 e8 e9)
The general solution is:+e(13 - e3 + e4 e5 -3e6 - 3e7 e8 e9)
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Consider the parametric curve given by x = t³ - 12t, y=7t²_7 (a) Find dy/dx and d²y/dx² in terms of t. dy/dx = d²y/dx² = (b) Using "less than" and "greater than" notation, list the t-interval where the curve is concave upward. Use upper-case "INF" for positive infinity and upper-case "NINF" for negative infinity. If the curve is never concave upward, type an upper-case "N" in the answer field. t-interval:
(a) dy/dx:
To find dy/dx, we differentiate the given parametric equations x = t³ - 12t and y = 7t² - 7 with respect to t and apply the chain rule
(b) Concave upward t-interval:
To determine the t-interval where the curve is concave upward, we need to find the intervals where d²y/dx² is positive.
(a) To find dy/dx, we differentiate the parametric equations x = t³ - 12t and y = 7t² - 7 with respect to t. By applying the chain rule, we calculate dx/dt and dy/dt. Dividing dy/dt by dx/dt gives us the derivative dy/dx.
For d²y/dx², we differentiate dy/dx with respect to t. Differentiating the numerator and denominator separately and simplifying the expression yields d²y/dx².
(b) To determine the concave upward t-interval, we analyze the sign of d²y/dx². The numerator of d²y/dx² is -42t² - 168. As the denominator (3t² - 12)² is always positive, the sign of d²y/dx² solely depends on the numerator. Since the numerator is negative for all values of t, d²y/dx² is always negative. Therefore, the curve is never concave upward, and the t-interval is denoted as "N".
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Which of the following is an eigenvector of A = 1 -2 1 1-2 0 1 ܘ ܝܕ ܐ ܝܕ 1 ܗ ܕ 0 1-2 1 0 1
The eigenvectors of matrix A are as follows:x1 = [2, 0, 1]Tx2 = [-3, -2, 1]Tx3 = [5, -1, 1]TWe can see that all three eigenvectors are the possible solutions and it satisfies the equation Ax = λx. Therefore, all three eigenvectors are correct.
We have been given a matrix A that is as follows: A = 1 -2 1 1 -2 0 1 0 1The general formula for eigenvector: Ax = λxWhere A is the matrix, x is a non-zero vector, and λ is a scalar (which may be either real or complex).
We can easily find eigenvectors by calculating the eigenvectors for the given matrix A. For that, we need to find the eigenvalues. For this matrix, the eigenvalues are as follows: 0, -1, and -2.So, we will put these eigenvalues into the formula: (A − λI)x = 0. Now we will solve this equation for each eigenvalue (λ).
By solving these equations, we get the eigenvectors of matrix A.1st Eigenvalue (λ1 = 0) (A - λ1I)x = (A - 0I)x = Ax = 0To solve this equation, we put the matrix as follows: 1 -2 1 1 -2 0 1 0 1 ۞۞۞ ۞۞۞ ۞۞۞We perform row operations and get the matrix in row-echelon form as follows:1 -2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0Now, we can write this equation as follows:x1 - 2x2 = 0x2 = 0x1 = 2x2 = 2So, the eigenvector for λ1 is as follows: x = [2, 0, 1]T2nd Eigenvalue (λ2 = -1) (A - λ2I)x = (A + I)x = 0To solve this equation, we put the matrix as follows: 2 -2 1 1 -1 0 1 0 2 ۞۞۞ ۞۞۞ ۞۞۞
We perform row operations and get the matrix in row-echelon form as follows:1 0 3 0 1 2 0 0 0Now, we can write this equation as follows:x1 + 3x3 = 0x2 + 2x3 = 0x3 = 1x3 = 1x2 = -2x1 = -3So, the eigenvector for λ2 is as follows: x = [-3, -2, 1]T3rd Eigenvalue (λ3 = -2) (A - λ3I)x = (A + 2I)x = 0To solve this equation, we put the matrix as follows: 3 -2 1 1 -4 0 1 0 3 ۞۞۞ ۞۞۞ ۞۞۞We perform row operations and get the matrix in row-echelon form as follows:1 0 -5 0 1 1 0 0 0Now, we can write this equation as follows:x1 - 5x3 = 0x2 + x3 = 0x3 = 1x3 = 1x2 = -1x1 = 5So, the eigenvector for λ3 is as follows: x = [5, -1, 1]T
So, the eigenvectors of matrix A are as follows:x1 = [2, 0, 1]Tx2 = [-3, -2, 1]Tx3 = [5, -1, 1]TWe can see that all three eigenvectors are the possible solutions and it satisfies the equation Ax = λx. Therefore, all three eigenvectors are correct.
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The eigenvector corresponding to eigenvalue 1 is given by,
[tex]$\begin{pmatrix}0\\0\\0\end{pmatrix}$[/tex]
In order to find the eigenvector of the given matrix A, we need to find the eigenvalues of A first.
Let λ be the eigenvalue of matrix A.
Then, we solve the equation (A - λI)x = 0
where I is the identity matrix and x is the eigenvector corresponding to λ.
Now,
A = [tex]$\begin{pmatrix}1&-2&1\\1&-2&0\\1&0&1\end{pmatrix}$[/tex]
Therefore, (A - λI)x = 0 will be
[tex]$\begin{pmatrix}1&-2&1\\1&-2&0\\1&0&1\end{pmatrix}$ - $\begin{pmatrix}\lambda&0&0\\0&\lambda&0\\0&0&\lambda\end{pmatrix}$ $\begin{pmatrix}x\\y\\z\end{pmatrix}$ = $\begin{pmatrix}1-\lambda&-2&1\\1&-2-\lambda&0\\1&0&1-\lambda\end{pmatrix}$ $\begin{pmatrix}x\\y\\z\end{pmatrix}$ = $\begin{pmatrix}0\\0\\0\end{pmatrix}$[/tex]
The determinant of (A - λI) will be
[tex]$(1 - \lambda)(\lambda^2 + 4\lambda + 3) = 0$[/tex]
Therefore, eigenvalues of matrix A are λ1 = 1,
λ2 = -1,
λ3 = -3.
To find the eigenvector corresponding to each eigenvalue, substitute the value of λ in (A - λI)x = 0 and solve for x.
Let's find the eigenvector corresponding to eigenvalue 1. Hence,
λ = 1.
[tex]$\begin{pmatrix}0&-2&1\\1&-3&0\\1&0&0\end{pmatrix}$ $\begin{pmatrix}x\\y\\z\end{pmatrix}$ = $\begin{pmatrix}0\\0\\0\end{pmatrix}$[/tex]
The above equation can be rewritten as,
-2y+z=0 ----------(1)
x-3y=0 --------- (2)
x=0 ----------- (3)
From equation (3), we get the value of x = 0.
Using this value in equation (2), we get y = 0.
Substituting x = 0 and y = 0 in equation (1), we get z = 0.
Therefore, the eigenvector corresponding to eigenvalue 1 is given by
[tex]$\begin{pmatrix}0\\0\\0\end{pmatrix}$[/tex]
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Express the given quantity as a single logarithm. In 2 + 8 ln x || Submit Answer [-/1 Points] DETAILS SAPCALCBR1 2.1.001. Find the average rate of change of the function over the given interval. f(x) = x² + 2x, [1, 3] AX-
The average rate of change of the function f(x) = x² + 2x over the interval [1, 3] is 6.
Calculating the difference in function values divided by the difference in x-values will allow us to determine the average rate of change of the function f(x) = x2 + 2x for the range [1, 3].
The formula for the average rate of change (ARC) is
ARC = (f(b) - f(a)) / (b - a)
Where a and b are the endpoints of the interval.
In this case, a = 1 and b = 3, so we can substitute the values into the formula:
ARC = (f(3) - f(1)) / (3 - 1)
Now, let's calculate the values:
f(3) = (3)² + 2(3) = 9 + 6 = 15
f(1) = (1)² + 2(1) = 1 + 2 = 3
Plugging these values into the formula:
ARC = (15 - 3) / (3 - 1)
= 12 / 2
= 6
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The complete question is:
Find the average rate of change of the function over the given interval.
f(x) = x² + 2x, [1, 3]
. |√3²=4 dx Hint: You may do trigonomoteric substitution
Actually, the statement √3² = 4 is not correct. The square root of 3 squared (√3²) is equal to 3, not 4.
The square root (√) of a number is a mathematical operation that gives you the value which, when multiplied by itself, equals the original number. In this case, the number is 3 squared, which is 3 multiplied by itself.
When we take the square root of 3², we are essentially finding the value that, when squared, gives us 3². Since 3² is equal to 9, we need to find the value that, when squared, equals 9. The positive square root of 9 is 3, which means √9 = 3.
Therefore, √3² is equal to the positive square root of 9, which is 3. It is essential to recognize that the square root operation results in the principal square root, which is the positive value. In this case, there is no need for trigonometric substitution as the calculation involves a simple square root.
Using trigonometric substitution is not necessary in this case since it involves a simple square root calculation. The square root of 3 squared is equal to the absolute value of 3, which is 3.
Therefore, √3² = 3, not 4.
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Use limits to find the derivative function f' for the function f. b. Evaluate f'(a) for the given values of a. 2 f(x) = 4 2x+1;a= a. f'(x) = I - 3'
the derivative function of f(x) is f'(x) = 8.To find f'(a) when a = 2, simply substitute 2 for x in the derivative function:
f'(2) = 8So the value of f'(a) for a = 2 is f'(2) = 8.
The question is asking for the derivative function, f'(x), of the function f(x) = 4(2x + 1) using limits, as well as the value of f'(a) when a = 2.
To find the derivative function, f'(x), using limits, follow these steps:
Step 1:
Write out the formula for the derivative of f(x):f'(x) = lim h → 0 [f(x + h) - f(x)] / h
Step 2:
Substitute the function f(x) into the formula:
f'(x) = lim h → 0 [f(x + h) - f(x)] / h = lim h → 0 [4(2(x + h) + 1) - 4(2x + 1)] / h
Step 3:
Simplify the expression inside the limit:
f'(x) = lim h → 0 [8x + 8h + 4 - 8x - 4] / h = lim h → 0 (8h / h) + (0 / h) = 8
Step 4:
Write the final answer: f'(x) = 8
Therefore, the derivative function of f(x) is f'(x) = 8.To find f'(a) when a = 2, simply substitute 2 for x in the derivative function:
f'(2) = 8So the value of f'(a) for a = 2 is f'(2) = 8.
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A rumor spreads in a college dormitory according to the model dR R = 0.5R (1- - dt 120 where t is time in hours. Only 2 people knew the rumor to start with. Using the Improved Euler's method approximate how many people in the dormitory have heard the rumor after 3 hours using a step size of 1?
The number of people who have heard the rumor after 3 hours of using Improved Euler's method with a step size of 1 is R(3).
The Improved Euler's method is a numerical approximation technique used to solve differential equations. It involves taking small steps and updating the solution at each step based on the slope at that point.
To approximate the number of people who have heard the rumor after 3 hours, we start with the initial condition R(0) = 2 (since only 2 people knew the rumor to start with) and use the Improved Euler's method with a step size of 1.
Let's perform the calculation step by step:
At t = 0, R(0) = 2 (given initial condition)
Using the Improved Euler's method:
k1 = 0.5 * R(0) * (1 - R(0)/120) = 0.5 * 2 * (1 - 2/120) = 0.0167
k2 = 0.5 * (R(0) + 1 * k1) * (1 - (R(0) + 1 * k1)/120) = 0.5 * (2 + 1 * 0.0167) * (1 - (2 + 1 * 0.0167)/120) = 0.0166
Approximate value of R(1) = R(0) + 1 * k2 = 2 + 1 * 0.0166 = 2.0166
Similarly, we can continue this process for t = 2, 3, and so on.
For t = 3, the approximate value of R(3) represents the number of people who have heard the rumor after 3 hours.
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Aristotle's ethics reconcile reason and emotions in moral life. A True B False
The correct option is A . True. Aristotle's ethics theories do reconcile reason and emotions in moral life.
Aristotle believed that human beings possess both rationality and emotions, and he considered ethics to be the study of how to live a good and virtuous life. He argued that reason should guide our emotions and desires and that the ultimate goal is to achieve eudaimonia, which can be translated as "flourishing" or "fulfillment."
To reach eudaimonia, one must cultivate virtues through reason, such as courage, temperance, and wisdom. Reason helps us identify the right course of action, while emotions can motivate and inspire us to act ethically.
Aristotle emphasized the importance of cultivating virtuous habits and finding a balance between extremes, which he called the doctrine of the "golden mean." For instance, courage is a virtue between cowardice and recklessness. Through reason, one can discern the appropriate level of courage in a given situation, while emotions provide the necessary motivation to act courageously.
Therefore, Aristotle's ethics harmonize reason and emotions by using reason to guide emotions and cultivate virtuous habits, leading to a flourishing moral life.
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Evaluate the integral: S dz z√/121+z² If you are using tables to complete-write down the number of the rule and the rule in your work.
Evaluating the integral using power rule and substitution gives:
[tex](121 + z^{2}) ^{\frac{1}{2} } + C[/tex]
How to evaluate Integrals?We want to evaluate the integral given as:
[tex]\int\limits {\frac{z}{\sqrt{121 + z^{2} } } } \, dz[/tex]
We can use a substitution.
Let's set u = 121 + z²
Thus:
du = 2z dz
Thus:
z*dz = ¹/₂du
Now, let's substitute these expressions into the integral:
[tex]\int\limits {\frac{z}{\sqrt{121 + z^{2} } } } \, dz = \int\limits {\frac{1}{2} } \, \frac{du}{\sqrt{u} }[/tex]
To simplify the expression further, we can rewrite as:
[tex]\int\limits {\frac{1}{2} } \, u^{-\frac{1}{2}} {du}[/tex]
Using the power rule for integration, we finally have:
[tex]u^{\frac{1}{2}} + C[/tex]
Plugging in 121 + z² for u gives:
[tex](121 + z^{2}) ^{\frac{1}{2} } + C[/tex]
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You will begin with a relatively standard calculation Consider a concave spherical mirror with a radius of curvature equal to 60.0 centimeters. An object 6 00 centimeters tall is placed along the axis of the mirror, 45.0 centimeters from the mirror. You are to find the location and height of the image. Part G What is the magnification n?. Part J What is the value of s' obtained from this new equation? Express your answer in terms of s.
The magnification n can be found by using the formula n = -s'/s, where s' is the image distance and s is the object distance. The value of s' obtained from this new equation can be found by rearranging the formula to s' = -ns.
To find the magnification n, we can use the formula n = -s'/s, where s' is the image distance and s is the object distance. In this case, the object is placed 45.0 centimeters from the mirror, so s = 45.0 cm. The magnification can be found by calculating the ratio of the image distance to the object distance. By rearranging the formula, we get n = -s'/s.
To find the value of s' obtained from this new equation, we can rearrange the formula n = -s'/s to solve for s'. This gives us s' = -ns. By substituting the value of n calculated earlier, we can find the value of s'. The negative sign indicates that the image is inverted.
Using the given values, we can now calculate the magnification and the value of s'. Plugging in s = 45.0 cm, we find that s' = -ns = -(2/3)(45.0 cm) = -30.0 cm. This means that the image is located 30.0 centimeters from the mirror and is inverted compared to the object.
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For each series, state if it is arithmetic or geometric. Then state the common difference/common ratio For a), find S30 and for b), find S4 Keep all values in rational form where necessary. 2 a) + ²5 + 1² + 1/35+ b) -100-20-4- 15 15
a) The series is geometric. The common ratio can be found by dividing any term by the previous term. Here, the common ratio is 1/2 since each term is obtained by multiplying the previous term by 1/2.
b) The series is arithmetic. The common difference can be found by subtracting any term from the previous term. Here, the common difference is -20 since each term is obtained by subtracting 20 from the previous term.
To find the sum of the first 30 terms of series (a), we can use the formula for the sum of a geometric series:
Sₙ = a * (1 - rⁿ) / (1 - r)
Substituting the given values, we have:
S₃₀ = 2 * (1 - (1/2)³⁰) / (1 - (1/2))
Simplifying the expression, we get:
S₃₀ = 2 * (1 - (1/2)³⁰) / (1/2)
To find the sum of the first 4 terms of series (b), we can use the formula for the sum of an arithmetic series:
Sₙ = (n/2) * (2a + (n-1)d)
Substituting the given values, we have:
S₄ = (4/2) * (-100 + (-100 + (4-1)(-20)))
Simplifying the expression, we get:
S₄ = (2) * (-100 + (-100 + 3(-20)))
Please note that the exact values of S₃₀ and S₄ cannot be determined without the specific terms of the series.
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Finance. Suppose that $3,900 is invested at 4.2% annual interest rate, compounded monthly. How much money will be in the account in (A) 11 months? (B) 14 years
a. the amount in the account after 11 months is $4,056.45.
b. the amount in the account after 14 years is $7,089.88.
Given data:
Principal amount (P) = $3,900
Annual interest rate (r) = 4.2% per annum
Number of times the interest is compounded in a year (n) = 12 (since the interest is compounded monthly)
Let's first solve for (A)
How much money will be in the account in 11 months?
Time period (t) = 11/12 year (since the interest is compounded monthly)
We need to calculate the amount (A) after 11 months.
To find:
Amount (A) after 11 months using the formula A = [tex]P(1 + r/n)^{(n*t)}[/tex]
where P = Principal amount, r = annual interest rate, n = number of times the interest is compounded in a year, and t = time period.
A = [tex]3900(1 + 0.042/12)^{(12*(11/12))}[/tex]
A = [tex]3900(1.0035)^{11}[/tex]
A = $4,056.45
Next, let's solve for (B)
How much money will be in the account in 14 years?
Time period (t) = 14 years
We need to calculate the amount (A) after 14 years.
To find:
Amount (A) after 14 years using the formula A = [tex]P(1 + r/n)^{(n*t)}[/tex]
where P = Principal amount, r = annual interest rate, n = number of times the interest is compounded in a year, and t = time period.
A = [tex]3900(1 + 0.042/12)^{(12*14)}[/tex]
A =[tex]3900(1.0035)^{168}[/tex]
A = $7,089.88
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Two discrete-time signals; x [n] and y[n], are given as follows. Compute x [n] *y [n] by employing convolution sum. x[n] = 28[n]-6[n-1]+6[n-3] y [n] = 8 [n+1]+8 [n]+28 [n−1]− 8 [n – 2]
We substitute the expressions for x[n] and y[n] into the convolution sum formula and perform the necessary calculations. The final result will provide the convolution of the signals x[n] and y[n].
To compute the convolution of two discrete-time signals, x[n] and y[n], we can use the convolution sum. The convolution of two signals is defined as the summation of their product over all possible time shifts.
Given the signals:
x[n] = 2δ[n] - 3δ[n-1] + 6δ[n-3]
y[n] = 8δ[n+1] + 8δ[n] + 28δ[n-1] - 8δ[n-2]
The convolution of x[n] and y[n], denoted as x[n] * y[n], is given by the following sum:
x[n] * y[n] = ∑[x[k]y[n-k]] for all values of k
Substituting the expressions for x[n] and y[n], we have:
x[n] * y[n] = ∑[(2δ[k] - 3δ[k-1] + 6δ[k-3])(8δ[n-k+1] + 8δ[n-k] + 28δ[n-k-1] - 8δ[n-k-2])] for all values of k
Now, we can simplify this expression by expanding the summation and performing the product of each term. Since the signals are represented as delta functions, we can simplify further.
After evaluating the sum, the resulting expression will provide the convolution of the signals x[n] and y[n], which represents the interaction between the two signals.
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Consider the function f(x) = 2x³ + 30x² 54x + 5. For this function there are three important open intervals: (− [infinity], A), (A, B), and (B, [infinity]) where A and B are the critical numbers. Find A and B For each of the following open intervals, tell whether f(x) is increasing or decreasing. ( − [infinity], A): Decreasing (A, B): Increasing (B, [infinity]): Decreasing
The critical numbers for the given function f(x) = 2x³ + 30x² + 54x + 5 are A = -1 and B = -9. Also, it is obtained that (-∞, A): Decreasing, (A, B): Decreasing, (B, ∞): Increasing.
To find the critical numbers A and B for the function f(x) = 2x³ + 30x² + 54x + 5, we need to find the values of x where the derivative of the function equals zero or is undefined. Let's go through the steps:
Find the derivative of f(x):Now let's determine whether the function is increasing or decreasing in each of the open intervals:
(-∞, A) = (-∞, -1):To determine if the function is increasing or decreasing, we can analyze the sign of the derivative.
Substitute a value less than -1, say x = -2, into the derivative:
f'(-2) = 6(-2)² + 60(-2) + 54 = 24 - 120 + 54 = -42
Since the derivative is negative, f(x) is decreasing in the interval (-∞, -1).
(A, B) = (-1, -9):Similarly, substitute a value between -1 and -9, say x = -5, into the derivative:
f'(-5) = 6(-5)² + 60(-5) + 54 = 150 - 300 + 54 = -96
The derivative is negative, indicating that f(x) is decreasing in the interval (-1, -9).
(B, ∞) = (-9, ∞):Substitute a value greater than -9, say x = 0, into the derivative:
f'(0) = 6(0)² + 60(0) + 54 = 54
The derivative is positive, implying that f(x) is increasing in the interval (-9, ∞).
To summarize:
A = -1
B = -9
(-∞, A): Decreasing
(A, B): Decreasing
(B, ∞): Increasing
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Consider the initial value problem: y = ly, 1.1 Find two explicit solutions of the IVP. (4) 1.2 Analyze the existence and uniqueness of the given IVP on the open rectangle R = (-5,2) × (-1,3) and also explain how it agrees with the answer that you got in question (1.1). (4) [8] y (0) = 0
To solve the initial value problem [tex](IVP) \(y' = \lambda y\), \(y(0) = 0\),[/tex] where [tex]\(\lambda = 1.1\)[/tex], we can use separation of variables.
1.1 Two explicit solutions of the IVP:
Let's solve the differential equation [tex]\(y' = \lambda y\)[/tex] first. We separate the variables and integrate:
[tex]\(\frac{dy}{y} = \lambda dx\)[/tex]
Integrating both sides:
[tex]\(\ln|y| = \lambda x + C_1\)[/tex]
Taking the exponential of both sides:
[tex]\(|y| = e^{\lambda x + C_1}\)[/tex]
Since, [tex]\(y(0) = 0\)[/tex] we have [tex]\(|0| = e^{0 + C_1}\)[/tex], which implies [tex]\(C_1 = 0\).[/tex]
Thus, the general solution is:
[tex]\(y = \pm e^{\lambda x}\)[/tex]
Substituting [tex]\(\lambda = 1.1\)[/tex], we have two explicit solutions:
[tex]\(y_1 = e^{1.1x}\) and \(y_2 = -e^{1.1x}\)[/tex]
1.2 Existence and uniqueness analysis:
To analyze the existence and uniqueness of the IVP on the open rectangle [tex]\(R = (-5,2) \times (-1,3)\)[/tex], we need to check if the function [tex]\(f(x,y) = \lambda y\)[/tex] satisfies the Lipschitz condition on this rectangle.
The partial derivative of [tex]\(f(x,y)\)[/tex] with respect to [tex]\(y\) is \(\frac{\partial f}{\partial y} = \lambda\),[/tex] which is continuous on [tex]\(R\)[/tex]. Since \(\lambda = 1.1\) is a constant, it is bounded on [tex]\(R\)[/tex] as well.
Therefore, [tex]\(f(x,y) = \lambda y\)[/tex] satisfies the Lipschitz condition on [tex]\(R\),[/tex] and by the Existence and Uniqueness Theorem, there exists a unique solution to the IVP on the interval [tex]\((-5,2)\)[/tex] that satisfies the initial condition [tex]\(y(0) = 0\).[/tex]
This analysis agrees with the solutions we obtained in question 1.1, where we found two explicit solutions [tex]\(y_1 = e^{1.1x}\)[/tex] and [tex]\(y_2 = -e^{1.1x}\)[/tex]. These solutions are unique and exist on the interval [tex]\((-5,2)\)[/tex] based on the existence and uniqueness analysis. Additionally, when [tex]\(x = 0\),[/tex] both solutions satisfy the initial condition [tex]\(y(0) = 0\).[/tex]
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Transcribed image text: ← M1OL1 Question 18 of 20 < > Determine (without solving the problem) an interval in which the solution of the given initial value problem is certain to exist. (9 — t²) y' + 2ty = 8t², y(−8) = 1
The solution of the given initial value problem, (9 — t²) y' + 2ty = 8t², y(−8) = 1, is certain to exist in the interval (-∞, 3) ∪ (-3, ∞), excluding the values t = -3 and t = 3 where the coefficient becomes zero.
The given initial value problem is a first-order linear ordinary differential equation with an initial condition.
To determine the interval in which the solution is certain to exist, we need to check for any potential issues that might cause the solution to become undefined or discontinuous.
The equation can be rewritten in the standard form as (9 - [tex]t^2[/tex]) y' + 2ty = 8[tex]t^2[/tex].
Here, the coefficient (9 - t^2) should not be equal to zero to avoid division by zero.
Therefore, we need to find the values of t for which 9 - t^2 ≠ 0.
The expression 9 - [tex]t^2[/tex] can be factored as (3 + t)(3 - t).
So, the values of t for which the coefficient becomes zero are t = -3 and t = 3.
Therefore, we should avoid these values of t in our solution.
Now, let's consider the initial condition y(-8) = 1.
To ensure the existence of a solution, we need to check if the interval of t values includes the initial point -8.
Since the coefficient 9 - [tex]t^2[/tex] is defined for all t, except -3 and 3, and the initial condition is given at t = -8, we can conclude that the solution of the given initial value problem is certain to exist in the interval (-∞, 3) ∪ (-3, ∞).
In summary, the solution of the given initial value problem is certain to exist in the interval (-∞, 3) ∪ (-3, ∞), excluding the values t = -3 and t = 3 where the coefficient becomes zero.
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Differentiate the following function. y = O (x-3)* > O (x-3)e* +8 O(x-3)x4 ex None of the above answers D Question 2 Differentiate the following function. y = x³ex O y'= (x³ + 3x²)e* Oy' = (x³ + 3x²)e²x O y'= (2x³ + 3x²)ex None of the above answers. Question 3 Differentiate the following function. y = √√x³ + 4 O 3x² 2(x + 4)¹/3 o'y' = 2x³ 2(x+4)¹/2 3x² 2(x³ + 4)¹/2 O None of the above answers Question 4 Find the derivative of the following function." y = 24x O y' = 24x+2 In2 Oy² = 4x+² In 2 Oy' = 24x+2 en 2 None of the above answers.
The first three questions involve differentiating given functions. Question 1 - None of the above answers; Question 2 - y' = (x³ + 3x²)e*; Question 3 - None of the above answers. Question 4 asks for the derivative of y = 24x, and the correct answer is y' = 24.
Question 1: The given function is y = O (x-3)* > O (x-3)e* +8 O(x-3)x4 ex. The notation used is unclear, so it is difficult to determine the correct differentiation. However, none of the provided options seem to match the given function, so the answer is "None of the above answers."
Question 2: The given function is y = x³ex. To find its derivative, we apply the product rule and the chain rule. Using the product rule, we differentiate the terms separately and combine them. The derivative of x³ is 3x², and the derivative of ex is ex. Thus, the derivative of the given function is y' = (x³ + 3x²)e*.
Question 3: The given function is y = √√x³ + 4. To differentiate this function, we apply the chain rule. The derivative of √√x³ + 4 can be found by differentiating the inner function, which is x³ + 4. The derivative of x³ + 4 is 3x², and applying the chain rule, the derivative of √√x³ + 4 becomes 3x² * 2(x + 4)¹/2. Thus, the correct answer is "3x² * 2(x + 4)¹/2."
Question 4: The given function is y = 24x. To find its derivative, we differentiate it with respect to x. The derivative of 24x is simply 24, as the derivative of a constant multiplied by x is the constant. Therefore, the correct answer is y' = 24.
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ind the differential dy. y=ex/2 dy = (b) Evaluate dy for the given values of x and dx. x = 0, dx = 0.05 dy Need Help? MY NOTES 27. [-/1 Points] DETAILS SCALCET9 3.10.033. Use a linear approximation (or differentials) to estimate the given number. (Round your answer to five decimal places.) √/28 ASK YOUR TEACHER PRACTICE ANOTHER
a) dy = (1/4) ex dx
b) the differential dy is 0.0125 when x = 0 and dx = 0.05.
To find the differential dy, given the function y=ex/2, we can use the following formula:
dy = (dy/dx) dx
We need to differentiate the given function with respect to x to find dy/dx.
Using the chain rule, we get:
dy/dx = (1/2) ex/2 * (d/dx) (ex/2)
dy/dx = (1/2) ex/2 * (1/2) ex/2 * (d/dx) (x)
dy/dx = (1/4) ex/2 * ex/2
dy/dx = (1/4) ex
Using the above formula, we get:
dy = (1/4) ex dx
Now, we can substitute the given values x = 0 and dx = 0.05 to find dy:
dy = (1/4) e0 * 0.05
dy = (1/4) * 0.05
dy = 0.0125
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Find an eigenvector of the matrix 10:0 Check Answer 351 409 189 354 116 -412 189 134 corresponding to the eigenvalue λ = 59 -4
The eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue λ = 59 - 4 is the zero vector [0, 0, 0].
To find an eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue λ = 59 - 4 for the given matrix, we need to solve the equation: (A - λI) * v = 0,
where A is the given matrix, λ is the eigenvalue, I is the identity matrix, and v is the eigenvector.
Let's set up the equation:
[(10 - 59) 0 351] [v₁] [0]
[409 (116 - 59) -412] [v₂] = [0]
[189 189 (134 - 59)] [v₃] [0]
Simplifying:[-49 0 351] [v₁] [0]
[409 57 -412] [v₂] = [0]
[189 189 75] [v₃] [0]
Now we have a system of linear equations. We can use Gaussian elimination or other methods to solve for v₁, v₂, and v₃. Let's proceed with Gaussian elimination:
Multiply the first row by 409 and add it to the second row:
[-49 0 351] [v₁] [0]
[0 409 -61] [v₂] = [0]
[189 189 75] [v₃] [0]
Multiply the first row by 189 and subtract it from the third row:
[-49 0 351] [v₁] [0]
[0 409 -61] [v₂] = [0]
[0 189 -264] [v₃] [0]
Divide the second row by 409 to get a leading coefficient of 1:
[-49 0 351] [v₁] [0]
[0 1 -61/409] [v₂] = [0]
[0 189 -264] [v₃] [0]
Multiply the second row by -49 and add it to the first row:
[0 0 282] [v₁] [0]
[0 1 -61/409] [v₂] = [0]
[0 189 -264] [v₃] [0]
Multiply the second row by 189 and add it to the third row:
[0 0 282] [v₁] [0]
[0 1 -61/409] [v₂] = [0]
[0 0 -315] [v₃] [0]
Now we have a triangular system of equations. From the third equation, we can see that -315v₃ = 0, which implies v₃ = 0. From the second equation, we have v₂ - (61/409)v₃ = 0. Substituting v₃ = 0, we get v₂ = 0. Finally, from the first equation, we have 282v₃ = 0, which also implies v₁ = 0. Therefore, the eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue λ = 59 - 4 is the zero vector [0, 0, 0].
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Use the algorithm for curve sketching to analyze the key features of each of the following functions (no need to provide a sketch) f(x) = (2-1) (216) (x−1)(x+6) Reminder - Here is the algorithm for your reference: 1. Determine any restrictions in the domain. State any horizontal and vertical asymptotes or holes in the graph. 2. Determine the intercepts of the graph 3. Determine the critical numbers of the function (where is f'(x)=0 or undefined) 4. Determine the possible points of inflection (where is f"(x)=0 or undefined) 5. Create a sign chart that uses the critical numbers and possible points of inflection as dividing points 6. Use sign chart to find intervals of increase/decrease and the intervals of concavity. Use all critical numbers, possible points of inflection, and vertical asymptotes as dividing points 7. Identify local extrema and points of inflection
The given function is f(x) = (2-1) (216) (x−1)(x+6). Let's analyze its key features using the algorithm for curve sketching.
Restrictions and Asymptotes: There are no restrictions on the domain of the function. The vertical asymptotes can be determined by setting the denominator equal to zero, but in this case, there are no denominators or rational expressions involved, so there are no vertical asymptotes or holes in the graph.
Intercepts: To find the x-intercepts, set f(x) = 0 and solve for x. In this case, setting (2-1) (216) (x−1)(x+6) = 0 gives us two x-intercepts at x = 1 and x = -6. To find the y-intercept, evaluate f(0), which gives us the value of f at x = 0.
Critical Numbers: Find the derivative f'(x) and solve f'(x) = 0 to find the critical numbers. Since the given function is a product of linear factors, the derivative will be a polynomial.
Points of Inflection: Find the second derivative f''(x) and solve f''(x) = 0 to find the possible points of inflection.
Sign Chart: Create a sign chart using the critical numbers and points of inflection as dividing points. Determine the sign of the function in each interval.
Intervals of Increase/Decrease and Concavity: Use the sign chart to identify the intervals of increase/decrease and the intervals of concavity.
Local Extrema and Points of Inflection: Identify the local extrema by examining the intervals of increase/decrease, and identify the points of inflection using the intervals of concavity.
By following this algorithm, we can analyze the key features of the given function f(x).
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In solving the beam equation, you determined that the general solution is 1 y v=ối 791-x-³ +x. Given that y''(1) = 3 determine 9₁
Given that y''(1) = 3, determine the value of 9₁.
In order to solve for 9₁ given that y''(1) = 3,
we need to start by differentiating y(x) twice with respect to x.
y(x) = c₁(x-1)³ + c₂(x-1)
where c₁ and c₂ are constantsTaking the first derivative of y(x), we get:
y'(x) = 3c₁(x-1)² + c₂
Taking the second derivative of y(x), we get:
y''(x) = 6c₁(x-1)
Let's substitute x = 1 in the expression for y''(x):
y''(1) = 6c₁(1-1)y''(1)
= 0
However, we're given that y''(1) = 3.
This is a contradiction.
Therefore, there is no value of 9₁ that satisfies the given conditions.
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Summer Rental Lynn and Judy are pooling their savings to rent a cottage in Maine for a week this summer. The rental cost is $950. Lynn’s family is joining them, so she is paying a larger part of the cost. Her share of the cost is $250 less than twice Judy’s. How much of the rental fee is each of them paying?
Lynn is paying $550 and Judy is paying $400 for the cottage rental in Maine this summer.
To find out how much of the rental fee Lynn and Judy are paying, we have to create an equation that shows the relationship between the variables in the problem.
Let L be Lynn's share of the cost, and J be Judy's share of the cost.
Then we can translate the given information into the following system of equations:
L + J = 950 (since they are pooling their savings to pay the $950 rental cost)
L = 2J - 250 (since Lynn is paying $250 less than twice Judy's share)
To solve this system, we can use substitution.
We'll solve the second equation for J and then substitute that expression into the first equation:
L = 2J - 250
L + 250 = 2J
L/2 + 125 = J
Now we can substitute that expression for J into the first equation and solve for L:
L + J = 950
L + L/2 + 125 = 950
3L/2 = 825L = 550
So, Lynn is paying $550 and Judy is paying $400.
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Points Consider the equation for a' (t) = (a(t))2 + 4a(t) - 4. How many solutions to this equation are constant for all t? O There is not enough information to determine this. 0 3 01 02 OO
Answer:
3
Step-by-step explanation:
i drtermine that rhe anser is 3 not because i like the number 3 but becuse i do not know how in the wold i am spost to do this very sorry i can not help you with finding your sulution
Change the third equation by adding to it 3 times the first equation. Give the abbreviation of the indicated operation. x + 4y + 2z = 1 2x - 4y 5z = 7 - 3x + 2y + 5z = 7 X + 4y + 2z = 1 The transformed system is 2x - 4y- - 5z = 7. (Simplify your answers.) + Oy+ O z = The abbreviation of the indicated operations is R 1+ I
To change the third equation by adding to it 3 times the first equation, we perform the indicated operation, which is R1 + 3R3 (Row 1 + 3 times Row 3).
Original system:
x + 4y + 2z = 1
2x - 4y + 5z = 7
-3x + 2y + 5z = 7
Performing the operation on the third equation:
R1 + 3R3:
x + 4y + 2z = 1
2x - 4y + 5z = 7
3(-3x + 2y + 5z) = 3(7)
Simplifying:
x + 4y + 2z = 1
2x - 4y + 5z = 7
-9x + 6y + 15z = 21
The transformed system after adding 3 times the first equation to the third equation is:
x + 4y + 2z = 1
2x - 4y + 5z = 7
-9x + 6y + 15z = 21
The abbreviation of the indicated operation is R1 + 3R3.
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Consider this function.
f(x) = |x – 4| + 6
If the domain is restricted to the portion of the graph with a positive slope, how are the domain and range of the function and its inverse related?
The domain of the inverse function will be y ≥ 6, and the range of the inverse function will be x > 4.
When the domain is restricted to the portion of the graph with a positive slope, it means that only the values of x that result in a positive slope will be considered.
In the given function, f(x) = |x – 4| + 6, the portion of the graph with a positive slope occurs when x > 4. Therefore, the domain of the function is x > 4.
The range of the function can be determined by analyzing the behavior of the absolute value function. Since the expression inside the absolute value is x - 4, the minimum value the absolute value can be is 0 when x = 4.
As x increases, the value of the absolute value function increases as well. Thus, the range of the function is y ≥ 6, because the lowest value the function can take is 6 when x = 4.
Now, let's consider the inverse function. The inverse of the function swaps the roles of x and y. Therefore, the domain and range of the inverse function will be the range and domain of the original function, respectively.
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Use Laplace transform to solve the following system: a' (t) = -3x(t)- 2y(t) + 2 y' (t) = 2x(t) + y(t) r(0) = 1, y(0) = 0.
To solve the given system of differential equations using Laplace transform, we will transform the differential equations into algebraic equations and then solve for the Laplace transforms of the variables.
Let's denote the Laplace transforms of a(t) and y(t) as A(s) and Y(s), respectively.
Applying the Laplace transform to the given system, we obtain:
sA(s) - a(0) = -3X(s) - 2Y(s)
sY(s) - y(0) = 2X(s) + Y(s)
Using the initial conditions, we have a(0) = 1 and y(0) = 0. Substituting these values into the equations, we get:
sA(s) - 1 = -3X(s) - 2Y(s)
sY(s) = 2X(s) + Y(s)
Rearranging the equations, we have:
sA(s) + 3X(s) + 2Y(s) = 1
sY(s) - Y(s) = 2X(s)
Solving for X(s) and Y(s) in terms of A(s), we get:
X(s) = (1/(2s+3)) * (sA(s) - 1)
Y(s) = (1/(s-1)) * (2X(s))
Substituting the expression for X(s) into Y(s), we have:
Y(s) = (1/(s-1)) * (2/(2s+3)) * (sA(s) - 1)
Now, we can take the inverse Laplace transform to find the solutions for a(t) and y(t).
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Consider the integral 17 112+ (x² + y²) dx dy a) Sketch the region of integration and calculate the integral b) Reverse the order of integration and calculate the same integral again. (10) (10) [20]
a) The region of integration is a disk centered at the origin with a radius of √17,112. The integral evaluates to (4/3)π(√17,112)^3.
b) Reversing the order of integration results in the same integral value of (4/3)π(√17,112)^3.
a) To sketch the region of integration, we have a double integral over the entire xy-plane. The integrand, x² + y², represents the sum of squares of x and y, which is equivalent to the squared distance from the origin (0,0). The constant term, 17,112, is not relevant to the region but contributes to the final integral value.
The region of integration is a disk centered at the origin with a radius of √17,112. The integral calculates the volume under the surface x² + y² over this disk. Evaluating the integral yields the result of (4/3)π(√17,112)^3, which represents the volume of a sphere with a radius of √17,112.
b) Reversing the order of integration means integrating with respect to y first and then x. Since the region of integration is a disk symmetric about the x and y axes, the limits of integration for both x and y remain the same.
Switching the order of integration does not change the integral value. Therefore, the result obtained in part a, (4/3)π(√17,112)^3, remains the same when the order of integration is reversed.
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Consider the function f(x) = 4x + 8x¯¹. For this function there are four important open intervals: ( — [infinity], A), (A, B), (B, C), and (C, [infinity]) where A, and C are the critical numbers and the function is not defined at B. Find A and B and C For each of the following open intervals, tell whether f(x) is increasing or decreasing. (− [infinity], A): [Select an answer ✓ (A, B): [Select an answer ✓ (B, C): [Select an answer ✓ (C, [infinity]): [Select an answer ✓
For the given function, the open intervals are (−∞, A): f(x) is increasing; (A, B): Cannot determine; (B, C): f(x) is increasing; (C, ∞): f(x) is increasing
To find the critical numbers of the function f(x) = 4x + 8/x, we need to determine where its derivative is equal to zero or undefined.
First, let's find the derivative of f(x):
f'(x) = 4 - 8/x²
To find the critical numbers, we set the derivative equal to zero and solve for x:
4 - 8/x² = 0
Adding 8/x² to both sides:
4 = 8/x²
Multiplying both sides by x²:
4x² = 8
Dividing both sides by 4:
x² = 2
Taking the square root of both sides:
x = ±√2
So the critical numbers are A = -√2 and C = √2.
Next, we need to find where the function is undefined. We can see that the function f(x) = 4x + 8/x is not defined when the denominator is zero. Therefore, B is the value where the denominator x becomes zero:
x = 0
Now let's determine whether f(x) is increasing or decreasing in each open interval:
(−∞, A):
For x < -√2, f'(x) = 4 - 8/x^2 > 0 since x² > 0.
Hence, f(x) is increasing in the interval (−∞, A).
(A, B):
Since the function is not defined at B (x = 0), we cannot determine whether f(x) is increasing or decreasing in this interval.
(B, C):
For -√2 < x < √2, f'(x) = 4 - 8/x² > 0 since x² > 0.
Therefore, f(x) is increasing in the interval (B, C).
(C, ∞):
For x > √2, f'(x) = 4 - 8/x² > 0 since x² > 0.
Thus, f(x) is increasing in the interval (C, ∞).
To summarize:
(−∞, A): f(x) is increasing
(A, B): Cannot determine
(B, C): f(x) is increasing
(C, ∞): f(x) is increasing
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