Chemical structure determination involves the chemist identifying the molecular structure and, if possible and necessary, the electronic structure of the target molecule or other solids.
Looking at the molecular structure of PCl3, it is a pyramid with approximately three bond angles. 103°. PCl3 is polar because VSEPR theory predicts a triangular pyramidal molecular structure. Around phosphorus he has four electron density regions. One of them is the lone pair of electrons. In general, the lone pair of the central atom indicates that the molecule is polar.
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An electrolytic cell is A. is cell in which reactant are continuously supplied to the cell B. a battery C. a cell in which an electric current drives a no spontaneous reaction D. a cell in which of the cell reaction is spontaneous
An electrolytic cell is a cell in which an electric current drives a no spontaneous reaction.
What is electrolytic cell?
Any apparatus in which excess electricity is changed into chemical energy or conversely is an electrolytic cell. Such a cell normally includes two electrodes, which can be metal or electrical conductors, kept apart from one another and in interface with an electrolyte (q.v. ), which is commonly an ionic compound that has been dissolved or fused.
For instance, water can be electrolyzed to create gaseous oxygen and gaseous hydrogen with the use of an electrolytic cell.
Electrical energy is transformed into chemical energy in an electrolytic cell. Electricity is generated in this situation as a result of a spontaneous redox reaction. Electricity must be provided to start the redox reaction because it is not spontaneous.
Therefore, Option C is correct.
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which of the following is the cleanest burning fossil fuel? question 2 options: coal natural gas oil none of the above, all are equally dirty
Answer:
creo que es el gas natural
gold has a face-centered cubic unit cell. how many atoms of au are present in each unit cell? express your answer as an integer.
There are 3 Au atoms are present in each unit cell.
The crystal structure of gold is face-centered cubic. Its unit cell or basic repeating unit, contains four gold atoms, indicating that the gold atoms are in contact along the diagonal. The crystal structure of gold is a close-packed face-centered cube Imagine a cube with a gold atom at each corner and at the center of each face.
Gold is a chemical element with 79 protons in each nucleus. All atoms with 79 protons are gold atoms, and all gold atoms behave similarly chemically. So, in principle, you only need 79 protons to make gold. A face-centered cubic unit cell also starts with identical particles at the eight corners of the cube.
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Which of the following is an alpha-keto acid/alpha-amino acid pair used in transamination? A) Pyruvate/leucineB) Oxaloacetate/aspartateC) Oxaloacetate/glutamateD) a-ketoglutarate/aspartateE) a-keto-b-hydroxybutyrate/phenylalanine
Answer is option B- Oxaloacetate/aspartate is an alpha-keto acid/alpha-amino acid pair used in transamination.
To create the amino acid version of the keto-acid and the keto-acid version of the original amino acid, amino groups are removed from amino acids and transferred to acceptor keto-acids by the process of transamination.
An amino group is transferred from one molecule to another during transamination. The formation of -ketoglutaric acid and aspartic acid from the interaction of glutamic acid and oxaloacetic acid serves as an example of this.
The reversible transfer of an amino group from glutamate to oxaloacetate, which results in the production of aspartate, is physiologically catalyzed by the enzyme AST. The enzyme was therefore previously known as serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase.
Hence, Oxaloacetate/aspartate is an alpha-keto acid/alpha-amino acid pair used in transamination.
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Which type of change results in the formation of a new
substance?
Chemists have categorized different sorts of modifications in the same way that they have categorized elements and compounds.
What is New substance?
Changes are classified as either physical or chemical changes. Chemists investigate the transformations that matter can go through to learn a lot about the nature of stuff.
Physical changes and chemical changes are the two different types of changes that chemists examine.
A physical change is when a sample of matter experiences a change in some of its qualities but not in its identity. Water vapor is created when liquid water is heated.
Therefore, Chemists have categorized different sorts of modifications in the same way that they have categorized elements and compounds.
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[tex]\mathrm{Cr}[/tex] is a member of which family?
noble gases
halogens
alkaline earth metals
alkali metals
transition metals
Answer:
transition metals
Explanation:
It is shown in the periodic table. It has an atomic number of 24 and exhibits characters which makes it to be a transition element.
Please helpp!!!!
1. Covering with greases on the iron makes _____________ .
1. stopping air and water from being in contact with the iron.
2. reacting with oxygen and/or water instead of iron
3. slipping the foreign materials
2. Which substance can react with copper to make copper carbonate?
3. What is the product of the combustion reaction of lithium.
4. In presenting the evidence in the table, the variable you change is written in the ___________.
1. left column
2. middle column
3. left row
4. right column
5.The iron corrosion, rusting, can be prevented by coating with __________, __________ and __________ .
6.In the chemical reaction, the substances you end up with are different from the ones you started with is called __________.
1. are not reversible
2. create new substances
3. compound
4. mixture
7. A ______________ is a chemical reaction that happens on the surface of a metal.
1. combustion reaction
2. corrosion reaction
3. metal reaction
4. acid reaction
8.In a chemical equation, the reactants and products are ____________ from each other.
1.different
2. the same
3. separated
4. obtained
9. As silver reacts with polluted air, a black compound, _____________ is formed.
1.silver carbonate
2. silver sulfide
3. silver oxide
4. silver alloy
1) Covering with greases on the iron stops air and water from being in contact with the iron.
2) The substance that can react with copper to make copper carbonate is silver carbonate
3) The combustion of lithium produces lithium oxide
4) The table is not shown hence the question can not be answered
5) another metal, oil and grease
6) The chemical reaction creates new substances.
7) A corrosion reaction is a chemical reaction that happens on the surface of a metal.
8) .In a chemical equation, the reactants and products are different from each other.
9) As silver reacts with polluted air, a black compound, silver oxide is formed.
What is oxidation?In the process of oxidation, we are just burning up a substance in oxygen. When we burn the substance in oxygen, there is an increase in the oxidation number of the object and oxygen is also added to the object. This is what we call oxidation of a substances.
Now we know that oxygen is abundant in the universe and thus it can be used in the burning of a substances. In effect we can look at the process of combustion as a situation in which we burn an object in air.
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Analyze The IR Spectrum For Camphor And Compare With The Literature Value.
The analysis of the IR Spectrum for Camphor depicts that there are peaks around 1780 cm-1 that show C=O stretching, 3000 cm-1 that shows C-H stretching, 1450 cm-1 and 1375 cm-1 that show CH2 and CH3 stretching, and 1050 cm-1 that shows C-O stretching.
What does IR mean in the spectrum?A popular absorption technique for both qualitative and quantitative evaluations is infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Electromagnetic radiation that can change the rotational and vibrational states of covalent bonds in organic molecules is found in the infrared portion of the spectrum.
The "Tongues" and "Swords" Are The Main Things To Look For In An IR Spectrum.
Is there a broad, rounded peak in the 3400-3200 cm-1 range? There are hydroxyl groups (OH) present.
Is there a strong, abrupt peak in the area between 1850 and 1630 cm-1? That is where carbonyl groups (C=O) appear.
Camphor is a waxy, colorless substance with a potent scent. It is categorized as a cyclic ketone and terpenoid.
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find the boiling points of the six compounds that you will study: o-dichlorobenzene, 2-bromo- 2-methylbutane, benzene, p-xylene, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, and decane. predict their order of elution.
The separation compound using diffrence in boiling point melting point like physical properties.
What is physical properties.
A physical property is the any measurable property that whose value describes the state of a physical in system. Changes in the system's physical properties of can be used to describe its transitions between the momentary of state.
A physical property is a characteristic of the matter that is not associated with in a change in its chemicals composition. Familiar to the examples of physical properties that is include density, color, hardness, melting and boiling points, and the electrical conductivity.
There are mainly two types of physical properties extensive and intensive.
Sol-The separation scheme to used to separate the mixture of based on differences in this physical properties- such as boiling point melting point, solubility in a given solvent these are the three components.
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the diagrams above represent solutes present in two different dilute aqueous solutions before they were mixed. water molecules are not shown. when the solutions were combined, a precipitation reaction took place. which of the diagrams below is the best particle representation of the mixture after the precipitation reaction occurred? responses
We can see from the images attached that a precipitate of silver chloride is formed as shown.
What is a precipitate?We know that a precipitate is a substance that that separates out of the solution as a solid. Thus if we have an aqueous phase reaction in which there is the combination of two of the reactants which are aqueous solutions. However, when the substnaces are mixed, we obtain a product that is solid. This solid product is whet we call the precipitate of the reaction that has just taken place.
As I said the precipitate would tend to separate out of the solution and then when that happens, we can see that the solid would be in a distinct phase from the rest of the solution.
In this case, the mixture of the sliver nitrate and the sodium chloride would produce a silver chloride precipitate that would separate out of the solution.
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Which pair of elements will form a covalent bond?hydrogen and chlorinesodium and chlorinecopper and brominezinc and bromine.
Chlorine and hydrogen will form covalent bond.
What is covalent bond?
An electron exchange that results in the formation of electron pairs between atoms is known as a covalent bond. Bonding pairs or shared pairs are the names given to these electron pairs. Covalent bonding is the stable equilibrium of the attractive forces between atoms when they share electrons. Each atom in many molecules can reach the equivalent of a complete valence shell thanks to the sharing of electrons, which results in a stable electronic configuration. Covalent bonds are much more frequent than ionic bonds in organic chemistry. Numerous other types of interactions fall under the category of covalent bonding, such as bent bonds, three-center two-electron bonds, agostic interactions, metal-to-metal bonds, and three-center four-electron bonds.
Chlorine and hydrogen Non-metals can connect covalently with one another.
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refer to the diagram to the right. the deadweight loss due to a monopoly is represented by the area
Deadweight loss is potential gain that did not go to producer or the Consumer.
As a result of deadweight losscombined surplus (wealth) of the monopoly and the Consumer is less than that obtained by consumer in a competitive market.
In the given figure deadweight loss is shown by area of FHE. That is the option A is correct.
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note- complete question is attached below
Refer to the diagram to the right. The deadweight loss due to a monopoly is represented by the area
A) FHE
B) FQ1Q2E
C) FGE
D) GEH
Multiple Bonds: C4H6
2. Show that this formula is consistent with a Lewis structure with two double bonds
separated by a single bond. Explain/list all steps that would be followed in
constructing the Lewis structure for this molecule.
Lewis formula for C4H6: Since C4H6 is composed up of covalent bonds, the total number of electrons will equal the sum of the electrons in carbon and hydrogen, providing there is no residual charge.
The hydrogen atom has one electron, while the carbon atom has six.
As a result, there will be a total of = (4 6) + (6 1) = 30 electrons.
Steps to draw lewis structure
Find the polyatomic ion or molecule's total number of valence electrons. Add one electron for each negative charge if the compound is an anion. For each positive charge if the substance is a cation, take one electron away.
The least electronegative element other than hydrogen makes up the centre atom. Single bonds join it to the outside atoms.
Fill the outside atoms' octets.
Fill the centre atom's octet.
Form several bonds until the core atom has an octet if you run out of electrons before it does.
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Which of the following is
the BEST reason to reduce
pollution rather than trying
to clean polluted waters?
A. cleaning polluted waters is difficult
and expensive
B. reducing pollution is easy
C. reducing pollution is cheap
D. cleaning polluted waters is very
cheap
Cleaning polluted waters is difficult and expensive.
What is water pollution?
Water contamination occurs when pollutants contaminate water source and render the water unfit for use in drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other activities. Germs, dust,and parasites are examples of pollutants.
Why is cleaning polluted water difficult?
Reversing the impacts of water contamination is exceedingly challenging. Even with costly technology, it can take years to completely purify the water because natural processes can take years, decades, or even centuries. Even though water is polluted, there are some ways to reduce pollution. They are
Dispose of dangerous household goods properlyReduce or stop using chemical pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizersSet up a time to get your septic system serviced.Use native plants in your landscaping.Fix any barren areas in your yard.Creating a rain gardenHence, option A is correct.
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Drag the labels onto the table to indicate when each statement Is true. Labels can be used once, more than once, or not at all. 1. Orange dye moves independently of purple dye. 2. Concentration gradients exist that drive diffusion of both dyes. 3. There is a net movement of orange dye from side A to side B. 4. Purple dye moves only from side B lo side A. 5. There is no net movement of purple dye.
The labels the table to indicate when each statement Is true. Labels can be used once, more than once, or not at all, The orange dye moves independently of the purple dye. 2. Concentration gradients exist that drive diffusion of both dyes. : free water, solute, free water, solute.
In chemistry, attention is the abundance of a constituent divided by way of the total quantity of an aggregate. several types of mathematical descriptions may be prominent: mass concentration, molar concentration, range concentration, and quantity concentration.
it's miles the amount of solute dissolves in one hundred g solvent. If the attention of the answer is 20 %, we understand that there are 20 g solutes in one hundred g solution. instance: 10 g salt and 70 g water are mixed and the solution is ready. find awareness of the answer by means of percentage mass.
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BONUS: What process does this chemical reaction represent? 6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2
sif5 lewis structure
The central silicon atom expands the octet because it is bonded with 9 electrons, and the Lewis structure of SiF₅ reveals that there are 5 single bonds and no double bonds in the compound.
Silicon Penta Fluoride: What is it?Fluoride in silicon pentoxide SiF₅ is a covalent compound created when silicon and fluorine share electrons. The 14th element, silicon, has four valence electrons. So, in order to reach octet, it needs 4 more electrons.
The 17th element, fluorine, has seven valence electrons. So, to reach an octet, one electron is required. Each F shares one of its valence electrons with silicon, giving silicon more electrons than an octet by receiving nine. Each of the five bonds is a single bond.
The charge on the main atom is created by the one extra pair of electrons. The compound thus does not follow the octet rule.
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which of the following statements about the nucleus of a typical atom is false? group of answer choices the nucleus contains both protons and neutrons the nucleus repels the electrons which move around it the nucleus contains most of the mass of the atom the nucleus has an overall positive charge
False, Protons and neutrons are both present in the nucleus.
What is the nuclear force?
One of the four fundamental forces of nature, along with gravitational and electromagnetic forces, is the nuclear force. In fact, they are also referred to as strong forces since they are 10 million times more powerful than chemical binding forces. A force known as the nuclear force interacts with the protons and neutrons of atoms. The force that holds protons and neutrons in a nucleus together is known as the nuclear force. Protons and protons, neutrons and neutrons, or neutrons and neutrons can all be affected by this force. The nucleus is held together by this force.
The nucleus is at the center of an atom and accounts for the maximum mass of the atoms, a nucleus contains both protons and neutrons giving it an overall positive charge because the neutrons are of neutral or zero charges. As electrons are negatively charged and are very light in comparison to a proton or neutron, it is considered negligible in front of them. Due to the negative charge of the electron, it is under an attractive force known as the nuclear force from the nucleus, as we know opposite charges attract.
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Describe each of the following 5 properties of metals. Write at least 2 sentences about each. Please use proper grammar, spelling, and mechanics.
Electric conductivity
Heat conductivity
Ductility and malleability
Luster
High melting and boiling points
Metal conducts electricity when the delocalized electrons allow electrons to move from one side of the metal to another transferring the electric charge. Items like wood and rubber do not have delocalized electrons so electrical charges can not flow through them.
Metal conducts heat because when the delocalized electrons are heated they move faster. When the delocalized electrons move faster they move towards the colder end of the metal and transfer the heat throughout the metal object.
Metal can be ductile and malleable because of the sea of electrons. Because the electrons move freely, they move as the positive metal ions move, which keeps the metal stable.
Metal has luster because the sea of electrons absorbs and reflects light at the same frequency. This makes the metal look shiny.
Metals have high melting and boiling points because of the sea of electrons. The connection created by the positive and negative charges causes the metals to hold in place, giving metals a high melting and boiling points.
Five properties of metals are:
*Electric conductivity
*Heat conductivity
*Ductility and malleability
*Luster
*High melting and boiling points
Metal conducts electricity when the delocalized electrons allow electrons to move from one side of the metal to another transferring the electric charge. Items such as wood and rubber do not have delocalized electrons so electrical charges and that's why charge doesn't flow through them.
Metal conducts heat because when the delocalized electrons are heated they move faster. When the delocalized electrons move faster they move forward towards the colder end of the metal and transfer heat throughout the metal object.
Metal is ductile and malleable because of the ocean of electrons. Electrons move freely, they move as the positive metal ions move, which keeps metal stable.
Metal has luster because the ocean of electrons absorbs as well as reflects light at the same frequency. This makes the metal look shiny.
Metals acquire high melting and boiling points because of the ocean of electrons. The relation created by the positive and negative charges tends to the metals to hold in place, which gives metals high melting and boiling points.
Metals are opaque, lustrous elements that are accurate conductors of warmth and energy. maximum metals are malleable and ductile.
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A certain brand of canned soup contains 2.26g NaCl in a single-cup serving. what is the molarity of NaCl in the soup? (Note: 4 c = 0.946 L.)
The molarity of the solution is 0.0597 M.
What is the molarity?We know that the molarity has to do with the number of moles of the substances that is found in a given volume of solution. Thus the term molarity has to do with the amount of substance that is present.
We have that;
Mass of the sodium chloride = 2.26g
Molar mass of the sodium chloride = 40 g/mol
Volume of the solution = 0.946 L
Number of moles = 2.26g/ 40 g/mol
= 0.0565 moles
Molarity = 0.0565 moles/0.946 L
= 0.0597 M
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what is an acidic oxide
Explanation: An acidic oxide is an oxide that either produces an acidic solution upon addition to water, or acts as an acceptor of hydroxide ions effectively functioning as a Lewis acid. Examples include SO2, CO2, SO3, Cl2O7, P2O5, and N2O5.
Answer:
An acidic oxide is an oxide that either produces an acidic solution upon addition to water, or acts as an acceptor of hydroxide ions effectively functioning as a Lewis acid.[1] Acidic oxides will typically have a low pKa and may be inorganic or organic.
Which of the following is not a common cost flow assumption used in costing inventory? a. Average cost b. Middle-in, first-out c. Last-in, first-out d. First-in, first-out
Middle-in, first-out is not a common cost flow assumption used in costing inventory.
Explain 3 cost flow assumptions?
Companies utilize the average cost flow assumption to determine the costs associated with terminating inventory, cost of goods sold (COGS), and inventory in storage. Over the course of the accounting period, all items sold from inventory are averaged, and the average cost is then applied to the items.
Know that FIFO, LIFO, and averaging are the three cost flow assumptions that are most common in the US. Recognize the purpose of the LIFO conformity rule and that the existence of this tax rule is a major contributor to the usage of LIFO in the United States.
Therefore, Option B is correct.
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When solutions of strontium chloride and sodium sulfate react, which of the following is a spectator ion? A) strontium ion B) chloride ion C) sodium ion D) sulfate ion E) two of these
When solutions of strontium chloride and sodium sulphate react, two of these is a spectator ion.
So, option E is correct.
What do you mean by spectator ion?
Spectator ions may be either cations (positively-charged ions) or anions (negatively-charged ions). The ion is unchanged on both sides of a chemical equation and does not affect equilibrium. When writing a net ionic equation, spectator ions found in the original equation are ignored. Thus, the total ionic reaction is different from the net chemical reaction.
Spectator Ion Examples:
Consider the reaction between sodium chloride (NaCl) and copper sulfate (CuSO4) in aqueous solution.
2 NaCl (aq) + CuSO4 (aq) → 2 Na+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) + CuCl2 (s)
The ionic form of this reaction is:
2 Na+ (aq) + 2 Cl- (aq) + Cu2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) → 2 Na+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) + CuCl2 (s)
The sodium ions and sulfate ion are the spectator ions in this reaction. They appear unchanged in both the product and reactant side of the equation. These ions just "spectate" while the other ions form the copper chloride. The spectator ions are canceled out of a reaction when writing the net ionic equation, so the net ionic equation for this example would be:
2 Cl- (aq) + Cu2+ (aq) → CuCl2 (s)
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Which statements are true concerning a substance with a high specific heat?
a. An example substance is water.
b. The substance cools down slowly after heating.
c. The substance easily gets hot when heat is applied.
d. An example substance is aluminum metal.
The chemical progressively cools after heating. Another illustration of a substance is water..
What is specific heat, precisely?
The amount of energy required to elevate the temperature of 1 kilogram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius (°C) is known as specific heat. Since water has a higher specific heat than other substances, it requires more energy to raise its temperature.
In plain English, what's really specific heat capacity?
A pure substance's heating value per unit mass is referred to as its heat capacity, or just specific heat. It is represented in terms of J/kgK or, more accurately, J/kg°C and therefore is described as the amount of warmth required to raise the temperature pf 1 kg of a substance by 1 K.
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thermal caused by a rising temperature of the ocean, and water being added by the melting of land-based ice, are two important causes of sea-level rise.
Thermal expansion caused by a rising temperature of the ocean, and water being added by the melting of land-based ice, are causes of sea-level rise.
Temperature is the unit used to describe heat or cold. It illustrates the natural flow of heat energy from a hotter to a cooler body and can be expressed in terms of a variety of arbitrary scales (one at a lower temperature). An iceberg has a much higher total heat energy than a match, despite the fact that a match burns at a much higher temperature. Temperature and a thermodynamic system's energy are not the same thing. In contrast to extensive features like mass or volume, such as temperature is referred to as an intense property—one that is independent of the amount of material being addressed—along with pressure, density, and other similar qualities.
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Draw the Lewis structure of HCN.HCN. Include lone pairs.
Draw the Lewis structure of CO2−3.CO32−. Include lone pairs. Formal charges are optional.
The Lewis structures of HCN and the carbonate ion are shown in the images attached.
What is the Lewis structure?We know that the term Lewis structure has to do with the representation of the compound in which we have the symbol that depicts each and every one of the elements in the compound and then we have the electrons that are found in the central atom shown as dots.
In this case, we have been asked to show the Lewis structures of the hydrogen cyanide and the carbonate ion and these can be seen in the images that have been attached to this answer here.
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How do you draw a Lewis diagram for C2H5OCH3 ?
The valence shell electrons in a molecule are depicted in an extremely simplified manner by a Lewis Structure.
What is Lewis structure?It is used to demonstrate how the electrons in a molecule are positioned around particular atoms.
Electrons are shown as "dots" or, in the case of a bond, as a line connecting the two atoms. The octet rule and formal charges must be met in order to achieve the "best" electron configuration.
A Lewis structure is a visual representation of the electron distribution around atoms. The reason for learning to draw Lewis structures is to forecast the amount and type of bonds that may be formed around an atom.
Therefore, The valence shell electrons in a molecule are depicted in an extremely simplified manner by a Lewis Structure.
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The primary ingredient of most shampoos is:
Answer: Water
Explanation: Water is the main ingredient in most shampoos. The second ingredient that most shampoos have in common is the primary surfactant (or base detergent). Surfactants are cleansing or surface active agents.
The ideal gas law displays the relationship in which of the following? Select all that apply. Select all that apply: A.Amontons's law B.Charles's law C.Boyle's law D.Avogadro's law
Amontons's law, Charles's law, Boyle's law and Avogadro's law are applied in ideal gas equation.
According to Boyle's Law, gas volume grows as pressure lowers. According to Charles' Law, a gas expands in volume as its temperature rises. Additionally, Avogadro's Law states that as gas concentration rises, so does its volume. The macroscopic characteristics of ideal gases are related by the ideal gas law (PV = nRT). A gas is considered to be ideal if its particles neither attract nor repel one another and occupy any space (have no volume).
Hence, ideal gas equation summation of individual gas laws.
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A 170. 00 g sample of an unidentified compound contains 29. 84 g sodium, 67. 49 g chromium, and 72. 67 g oxygen. Find the empirical formula.
The empirical formula is [tex]N_{a2C_{r2} } O_{7}[/tex].
Solution:
Mass of Na = 29.84 g
Mass of Cr = 67.49 g
Mass of O = 72.67 g
For Na = [tex]\frac{1.297}{1.297}[/tex] = 1
For Cr = [tex]\frac{1.297}{1.297}[/tex] = 1
For O = [tex]\frac{4.542}{1.297}[/tex] = 3.5
The ratio of Na: Cr: O = 1: 1: 3.5
To make the ratio in a whole number we are multiplying the ratio by 2, and we get:
The ratio of Na: Cr: O = 2: 2: 7
Taking the mole ratio as their subscripts.
The empirical formula for the given compound is[tex]N_{a2C_{r2} } O_{7}[/tex].
The empirical formula is the chemical formula of a compound and gives the proportion of elements present in the compound, but not the actual number or arrangement of atoms. This will be the smallest integer ratio of the elements in the compound. Derivation of the number of moles from the mass of each element. Divide the molar amount of each element by the minimum molar amount to get the exponent of the preliminary empirical formula.
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