Define and give real-life examples of top-down processing and bottom-up processing. Explain how top-down processing and bottom-up processing are related to sensation and perception.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

1.Top-down processing is the matter of perception being determined by cognition. Bottom-up processing is processing sensory information as soon as it is received. Sitting in a classroom and learning is a good example of top-down processing as you have to listen, write notes, and understand information you are receiving to actually learn. As for bottom-up processing, a blind taste test game is a great example. It prevents interference from sight, and makes only the taste receptors available- using bottom-up processing, the player will taste the item and decide from their memory what food is being eaten. 2.Top-down and bottom-up processing relate to sensation and perception by associating cognition to awareness. For instance, bottom-up processing is a data-driven approach that states perception directs cognition- meaning one would “start at the bottom” with observable patterns, and develop higher order cognitive processes soon after. Top-down processing, in opposition, is the process of which behavior is influenced conceptually- thus creating our expectations and experiences. Perception and behavior, in the case of top-down processing, reflect your expectations. As for bottom-up processing, sensation plays a key factor- sensory skills are your sense of smell, touch, sight, taste, and hearing. By relating bottom-up processing to sensation, you first collect data through your senses, then perceive whatever you have sensed, and finally cognitively make a decision based on your perception.

Explanation:

honestly i just looked up the second question on the web and found a video that explained it.. not sure if i'm right but it's what i turned in (:

Answer 2

The Top-down processing and Bottom-up processing are both related to various way of processing of information.

Top-down processing refers to the process where the interpretation of incoming information are based on prior or existing knowledge and experiences

A real-life example is when we received an important letter but a few drops of water have smudged different part of the letter and we are still able to read the letter using the top-down processing.

Bottom-up processing refers to the process which starts with retrieval of sensory information from our environment to build perceptions based on the current input of sensory information.

A real-life example is when we see an image and the eyes transmit the information to the brain and the brain puts all of this information about the image together.

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Related Questions

Plz I need help plz
do professional athletes have a greater obligation to play fairly than the rest of us?

Answers

Answer:

Professional athletes are required to meet standards of personal behaviour that are both higher than other professions and less precisely evaluated.

Answer:

Yes because they get paid for it and if they dont play fairly it could damage there career

Alejandra has come across a section in her physics textbook detailing the affect of wing span on an airplane’s cruising speed. How should she adjust her reading speed? a. Increase her reading speed because she will probably need to review it again later c. Decrease her speed to better understand the technical information b. Increase her speed and focus on the visual aids d. Decrease her speed and try to memorize the vocabulary as she reads i

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

Alejandra has come across a section in her physics textbook detailing the affect of wing span on an airplane’s cruising speed. Decrease her speed to better understand the technical information. Thus, option C is correct.

What is technical information?

Decrease her speed to better understand the technical information. To understand technical information, such as that found in a math or science textbook, extra time is required to make sense of how the technical information applies in a real world context.

As we know that decrease her speed and try to memorize the vocabulary as she reads it In learning a complicated topic (such as physics), it's reccomended to slowed down your reading process in order to increase your focus and analyzation capabilities. This will make Alejandra has a deeper grasp toward the topics.

Alejandra should adjust her reading speed in the following way: She should decrease her speed to better understand the technical information. If Alejandra has no knowledge on the affect of wing span on an airplane's cruising speed.

Therefore, Alejandra has come across a section in her physics textbook detailing the affect of wing span on an airplane’s cruising speed. Decrease her speed to better understand the technical information. Thus, option C is correct.

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What is most likely to attract foreign investors and increase the value of a country's
currency?
A.A high level of government debt
B.A high interest rate
C.A high number of imports in comparison to exports
D.A high inflation rate

Answers

Answer:

A high interest rate

Explanation:

just took the quiz

A person with a low number of white blood cells could have difficulty in fighting infections and A decrease in the number of lymphoid stem cells could result in a decrease in red blood cell.

What is nucleotide?

It is the sub units and buIlding blocks of DNA. It is made up of a five-sided sugar, phosphate group and then a nitrogen base.

These groups make the backbone of the DNA helix. If you look at a DNA helix, they make the side of the ladder or the side portion. They connect to a nitrogen base which make the steps of the ladder.  The type of sugar that is used in a DNA helix is called deoxyribose.

Nitrogen bases are the molecules that make up the steps of the ladders. There are four different nitrogen bases, namely; Guanine, Thymine,Adenine and Cytosine.

Pyrimidines are compounds that make a single 6-sided ring. Examples of pyrimidines are Cytosine and Thymine. Purines on the other hand make 5-sided and 6-sided rings.

Therefore, A person with a low number of white blood cells could have difficulty in fighting infections and A decrease in the number of lymphoid stem cells could result in a decrease in red blood cell.

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What are the effects of the more commonly used psychoactive drugs?

Answers

They cause you to have damage in the brain and that’s not good

How is the budget passed in Congress?

Answers

Every single year, The congress works on a federal budget for the next year. The congress is in charge of the budget, they are given the power to collect taxes borrow money from banks, and approve of someone's spending.

Hope this helps!

does anyone know what does this mean?

sorry im stupid as heck.

Answers

Answer:

that you are close to reaching a goal

Explanation:

Answer:

Its for the amount of Brainliests you got.

Explanation:

A small tribe that lives near the artic circle has a strong bond with white foxes. The tribe doesn’t interact with the foxes but in many of their drawings, stories, and songs the fox is a central figure. The fox seems to represent strength and intelligence. This is an example of

Answers

Answer:

The arctic fox is a species of fox that lives in the most northern regions of the world. They survive in the tundra and thrive in cold climates through biological adaptations and scavenger-like behavior that keeps them alive and well.

Explanation:

hope this will help you:)

A Londoner tells his friend to check the boot of the car while a Bostonian asks his friend to open the trunk of the car. This is an example of what kind of language difference? Creole Pidgin Dialect Accent Syntax

Answers

Answer:

dialect

Explanation:

Languages that are mutually comprehensible allow speakers to communicate verbally and in writing without prior knowledge of the other language.

What Dialect, kind of language difference?

Geographically speaking, it is argued that a language is recognized as belonging to the entire nation, as opposed to a dialect, which is only prevalent in specific regions, territories, or parts of a nation.

Countries and nations frequently designate languages as “official,” but dialects hardly ever do.

The response will vary depending on whom you ask and which of the distinctive features of language and dialect they are basing it on.

Therefore, Dialects are more narrowly focused, regionally specific versions of larger languages.

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Say red if you voted trump or say blue if you voted Biden

Answers

Answer:

i dont like either of them but if i could vote, i would just settle for blue

Explanation:

Answer: Blue for me not Biden.

Who and in what game does this catchphrase appear?

"Do you want to die?"

Hints: The game is a visual novel, the character's first name starts with "M"

Answers

Answer:

Maki

Explanation:

Danganronpa???

) In recent decades, as the wealth of the United States has increased, the quality of the environment in the United States
has
A
B
increased along with increased environmental quality in poorer
countries.
decreased, but the environmental quality in poorer countries has
increased.
с
D
decreased along with the decreased environmental quality in
poorer countries.
increased but at the expense of decreased environmental quality
in poorer countries.

Answers

D I THINK SORRY IF ITS WRONG

any help on this frq

Answers

There is no photo or anything attached please try again and I will try to help you :)

Develop an argument that evaluates the extent to which belief systems affected at least two land-based states in Asia or Europe differently in this period.

Answers

Answer:

PLEASE DONT COPY THIS WORD FOR WORD, AT LEAST CHANGE A FEW WORDS, thanks, hope this helpeddd

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Networks of exchange often helped to transport goods and cultures around the world as well as religious belief. These religions had huge impacts on an empire's growth as most supported or had a main religion in which they would try to spread. Though there are many empires as well as states within them that were heavily religious, there are a few main ones that can represent how belief systems affected their growth. These representations can be found as the Ottoman Empire and the Roman-to-French Empire.

The Ottoman Empire was very prosperous during the period circa 1300 and in the following centuries, though it reached its height under Suleiman the Magnificent, who reigned in the period 1520-1566. Religion was very important in the Ottoman Empire and it had a great influence on the various activities during its rule. Economy and Education were two of the many things that religion had an influence on and impacted. It was inspired and sustained by Islam and Islamic institutions. This use of  religious belief, specifcally Islam, changed the social classes and their order of heiarchy. Religion allowed for a very strong social structure and eventually a type of bureaucracy system in which state-officials could have control over the people while simultaneously sharing the same faith and trust in their God. A few specific states that helped to the contribution of the Islamic belief was Syria and parts of Arabia, these places were well known, especially on the Silk Road, for its devotion and knowledge of Islam. Those who were within the Ottoman Empire were devoted and dedicated to their belief, so much so that when the empire conquered territories the surrounding villages were required a specific quota of boys to be sent as tribute to the military to be warriors. The boys were generally taken from the Balkan provinces or encompassing states, converted to Islam, and then passed through a series of examinations to determine their intelligence and capabilities. By the end of the 15th century, the Ottoman Empire relied heavily on the expansion and conversion of Islam that included much of the territory where Islam was practiced.

Just as the Ottoman Empire was widely based on religion, so was the Roman Empire. Trade routes, specifically the Indian Ocean routes, and Missionaries are some of the factors that lead to spread of many religions, most of which were Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity. Between 1200 and 1450, regional kingdoms of France, England, and the Holy Roman Empire became solidified. In the beginning, each power was tied to the Catholic Church and feudal. Although, eventually the protestant reforms marked a break in Christian traditions and eventually led to its growth. The predominantly Christian Europe, particularly the Roman Empire, saw the spread of Islam up the Iberian peninsula as a threat. As a counteractant, the empire heavily enforced Christain as its belief system as well as into its whole social structure, as the church was mainly the ruler of the empire. Although some states, like England and France eventually broke off from the empire, they still carried the Roman Empire’s structure and religion which helped it grow for a while. As for France in their religious justifications and beliefs, they used the Divine Right of Kings which helped to solidify the absolute monarchs of these states, these monarchs were rulers who had specific laws that stayed within that conformed to Christain ideals but also gave them control and power over their subjects. Christains were devoted as well but very strict when it came to their laws, so these conforming rules helped to keep the people in line with the monarchs.

While the Ottoman, Roman, and then France Empires beliefs systems were mostly different, their policies were similar as they all conformed to a religious structure. As well as control of education and activities based on their religion and what they thought was true or holy unto their Gods. The use of religion helped to create strong community bonds, reinforce social stratification, and allow rulers to justify their reign.

The religious belief system affected the Ottoman and Safavid Empires in a very imposing way.

We can arrive at this answer as follows:

The Ottoman Empire was composed of Sunni Muslims.Their leaders had to be compulsorily Muslims, but they were adherents of religious freedom for their subjects and especially for dominated regions.Religious tolerance was encouraged in the Ottoman Empire, but Islam was used as a governmental effect.The Safavid empire was composed of Shiite Muslims.This empire did not practice religious freedom and imposed a forced conversion on all subjects.Dominated people were forced to convert to Islam, or faced harsh reprisals.

With that, we can affirm that the two empires had religious beliefs as very important points of their establishment, however, the Safavid empire used these beliefs in a very rigid and influential way in all the social, governmental, and economic branches.

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Which of the following factors most directly contradicted adams theory about the Revolution

Answers

Answer:

Which of the following factors most directly contradicted adams theory about the Revolution

Explanation:

Adam claimed that the revolution was desired by all of America and that all citizens agreed that Britain was a tyrannical and oppressive government and that the colonies should therefore fight for independence. However, Adam erred in saying that this was the wish of all Americans, as he did not have the growing group of legalists (who supported the permanence of the colonies in British control) as opposed to patriots who wanted independence.

Define epidemiology please.

Answers

Epidemiology is a study and analysis of determinants and patterns of health and disease conditions in defined populations. It is based on evidence and data.

Answer:

Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified pops, and the application of this study to the control of health problems

Explanation:

The definition depends where you source it from, but I sourced it from the CDC.

URGENT PLEASE HELP!!!

6. Which of the following frequencies of light has the highest energy?

Possible answers:
A. 1.4 x 10^15 s^-1
B. 2.5 x 10^10 s^-1
C. 7.0 x 10^13 s^-1
D. 2.3 x 10^14 s^-1
E. 5.0 x 10^14 s^-1

Answers

Answer:

C 7.0*10^13 s^-1

Explanation:

The frequency of light that has the highest energy is; Option A; 1.4 × 10^(15) s^(-1)

Formula for energy of light is;

E = hν = hc/λ,

where;

E is energy

h is Planck's constant

ν is frequency

c is speed of light

λ is wavelength

Now, since E = hν, we can see that the energy is directly proportional to the frequency as h is constant.

Thus, the highest frequency will produce the highest energy.

From our options, the highest frequency is option A with 1.4 × 10^(15) /s

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can someone write a 2-3 page journal on being the oldest child, or just give me some ideas? thanks!

Answers

Answer:

me no entender waka waka

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