DNA is transcribed to messenger RNA (mRNA), and the mRNA is translated to proteins on the ribosomes. A sequence of three nucleotides on an mRNA molecule is called a codon. As you can see in the table, most codons specify a particular amino acid to be added to the growing protein chain. In addition, one codon (shown in blue) codes for the amino acid methionine and functions as a "start" signal. Three codons (shown in red) do not code for amino acids, but instead function as "stop" signals.
Sort the following ten codons into one of the three bins, according to whether they code for a start codon, an in-sequence amino acid, or a stop codon
AUG, UAG, UAA, UGA, AAA, UGC, AUC, CAC, GCA, ACU
Answers
Answer:
start codon - AUG
in-sequence amino acid - AAA, UGC, AUC, CAC, GCA, ACU
stop codon - UAA, UAG, UGA
Explanation:
From the amino acid chart, the start codon is represented by the codon AUG which also code for the amino acid methionine. There are three stop codons including UAA, UAG, and UGA. The stop codons signal the end of the translation process of the mRNA. Every other codon within the mRNA chain codes for different amino acids except methionine.
Hence, using the attached amino acid chart:
start codon - AUG
in-sequence amino acid - AAA, UGC, AUC, CAC, GCA, ACU
stop codon - UAA, UAG, UGA
Related Questions
The ion composition of perilymph is like that of interstitial fluid; high sodium and low potassium levels. If someone ruptured the vestibular membrane, the membrane between the vestibular duct (Scala vestibuli) and the cochlear duct (Scala media), what would be the effect of such a rupture on the concentration of potassium in the endolymph in the cochlear duct
Answers
Answer:
The concentration of potassium will decrease
Explanation:
The cochlear ducts are composed of two distict types of fluids: 1-perilymph, rich in sodium (140 mM) and low in potassium (5 mM), and 2- endolymph, rich in potassium (1 mM) and low in sodium (150 mM). The perilymph fluid has a similar composition to the rest of the extracellular fluids, while endolymph present a unique ion composition that is not found in other fluids of the body. It is believed that the cochlea can regulate potassium flow without using energy (i.e., without use ATP), since potassium enters into the cells through passive pathways, while this ion ion leaves the cells by an active mechanism.
on terms of genetic similarity, which list is ordered from most similar to least similar b. cousin, uncle, mother, non twin sibling, identical twin
Answers
Answer:
Identical Twin, non twin sibling, Mother, Cousin, Then Uncle
Explanation:
In the DNA isolation process, cells are mixed with sodium chloride (i.e. NaCl) because the sodium (Na ) neutralizes the negative charge of DNA.
a. True
b. False
Answers
Answer:
this is true it neutralise easily
It is true that in the DNA isolation process, cells are mixed with sodium chloride (i.e. NaCl) because the sodium (Na ) neutralizes the negative charge of DNA.
What is DNA isolation?DNA extraction is a method of separating DNA from cell membranes, proteins, and other cellular components using physical and/or chemical methods from a sample. In 1869, Friedrich Miescher isolated DNA for the first time.
The ability to extract DNA is critical for studying the genetic causes of disease and developing diagnostics and drugs.
It is also required for forensic science, genome sequencing, detecting bacteria and viruses in the environment, and determining paternity.
Because sodium (Na+) neutralizes the negative charge of DNA, cells are mixed with sodium chloride (i.e. NaCl) during the DNA isolation process. It makes homogenization easier.
Thus, the given statement is true.
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Which philosopher believed that the soul operated on three levels: reason, will, and desire? A. Socrates B. Plato C. John Locke D. Hippocrates Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D
Answers
Answer:
B. Plato
Plato was known as a renowned philosopher in Athens, Greece. He believed that the soul operated on three levels which include Reason, Will and Desire.
Plato was of the notion that the soul was tripartite as a result of it having three levels of operation. He also believed that the soul can never die and will still be in operation and thought even after a person dies.
Answer:
Which philosopher believed that the soul operated on three levels: reason, will, and desire?
A. Socrates
B. Plato
C. John Locke
D. Hippocrates
DNA and RNA are structurally similar in some ways, but different in others. Identify whether each of the following statements applies to DNA, RNA. both or neither.
1. It can contain the purine adenine.
2. It can contain the pyrimidine uracil.
3. This contains the pyrimidine thymine.
4. In terms of base composition, the %T = %G.
5. This contains the sugar ribose.
6. The sugars are connected with a 3'-5' phosphodiester link.
7. It contains equal amounts of guanine and cytosine.
8. Bases are attached to sugars in an alpha N-glycosides linkage.
Answers
Answer:
DNA
It can contain the purine adenine
This contains the pyrimidine thymine
The sugars are connected with a 3'-5' phosphodiester link.
It contains equal amounts of guanine and cytosine. The percentage of A-T ,C-G are the same in DNA,,they are linked by hydrogen bonds.But varies in RNA.
Explanation:
.RNA
It can contain the purine adenine.
It can contain the pyrimidine uracil
This contains the sugar ribose. This is a 5C sugar with one oxygen atom deficient.The forms the lever for holding the bases and phosphate group
The sugars are connected with a 3'-5' phosphodiester link.This is the backbone of both DNA and RNA.It is formed between the sugars and the phosphate groups in both DNA and RNA.
None is made of base composition, the %T = %G. This is wrong because purines must pair with pyrimidine,but not two purines or pyrimidine pairing as shown,
Bases are attached to sugars in an alpha N-glycosides linkage.This is wrong the beta N-glycisidic bonds are the linkages
If an experimenter wants to use the GFP method but needs to detect the presence or absence of several proteins at the same time, he can take advantage of mutational variants of GFP that emit what light?
Answers
Answer:
different colors
Explanation:
The green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a type of protein widely used in molecular biology laboratories because this protein can be used to detect the expression of proteins and to identify cellular structures. This protein displays green fluorescence when it is excited by blue light and, in the last years, many variants of the GFP protein have been developed. The altered GFP proteins react to distinct wavelengths of light, thereby emitting light to different colors. The mutants forms of the GFP protein are produced by genome engineering techniques that generate modifications capable of altering the folding of the normal GFP protein.
Help me please!!! I need this
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is - option A. 1 (ovary).
Explanation:
Oocytes or egg are produced in the ovaries during the process of the female gametogenesis in female reproductive system. Ovaries are located on each side of the uterus that are oval and small in shape and size and located lower abdomen.
Among other female reproductive organs these are located above others. The ovaries produce oocytes and hormones It is the site at which primordial germ cell (PGC), become primary oocytes.
Thus, the correct answer is - option A. 1 (ovary).
In which of the following ways is DNA replication different from DNA transcription?
Answers
Answer:
Thymine is used in replication while uracil is used in transcription.
Explanation:
New cells can only be created after transcription has taken place. Replication results in mRNA strands while transcription creates new DNA. Transcription happens outside the nucleus and replication happens inside the nucleus. Thymine is used in replication while uracil is used in transcription.
DNA replication is a process whereby DNA makes a copy of itself while DNA transcription is a process whereby a messenger RNA is synthesized from a DNA strand.
Both processes involve the building-up of nucleotides or purine.pyrimidine bases. Replication involves building up of cytosine, guanines, adenine, and thymine bases while in transcription, the thymine base is replaced by uracil base.
Hence, the correct answer is that Thymine is used in replication while uracil is used in transcription.
You believe that the cytosolic protein p007 is involved in mediating growth hormone-stimulated proliferation in cells. You wish to establish a cell model using your cultured fibroblasts. Provide clear explanations to the following, each worth 2.5 pts each. a) Describe how you would transfect the growth hormone receptor DNA into your cells to create stable cell lines, and include a description of the benefits of using stable cell lines versus transiently transfected cell line. b) Describe how you would measure specific receptor binding of GH to your stable cell line. c) Describe how you would measure growth hormone-induced proliferation in your stable cell line. Make sure to include controls. d) Describe how you would use RNAi to demonstrate the requirement for p007 in growth-hormone stimulated proliferation. Make sure to include controls.
Answers
Answer:
Following are the answer to this question:
Explanation:
In option a:
There are many ways, which can be defined as follows:
It keeping cells "qualified," use heat shock and handle ions like Ca and ice incubating.It uses Micro-injection with DNA. It uses the biolistics or even the process of gene-gun.The stable cell charts indicate simple and definitive outcomes when their relationship to specific results. Moreover, relative to temporary cell lines, findings are more reliable and error-free. These lines also easily break and much less.
In option b:
Radio tests including linking tests could be used
The Ligand Binding Assays is an analysis, that is based on the binding of ligands to antibodies, or other macromolecules. Its existence and distance of formed ligand-receptor complexes are defined using a system of measurement that is usually electrical or fluorescent.
In option c:
The method for measuring the levels of cell growth is accessible and the Another way is to measure the metabolism within the same cell. So many color pigments were also accessible that can permeate an organism as well as react with some proteins as well as other factors, and that can effectively identify a color final product.
Throughout relation to the amount of metabolism exercise, cell proliferation could be evaluated by researching one or even more cell markings. The BrdU limited liability assessment is a very well-published illustration.
Its specific antibody can detect BrdU and high BrdUincorporations levels are linked to high levels of cell proliferation. Command cell without DNA receptor growth hormone.
In option d:
The cell growth will stop after each use of RNA interference ( RNAi). The p007 formation as well as the effect on growth caused by the intrusion will be a goal. If development is delayed effectively, the theory will be tested successfully to a cell without any of the required DNA. The RNAi is the free cell
A class is debating pros and cons of using sea walls to reduce beach erosion. What is the best way for them inform their
decision-making?
They should each write an opinion paragraph to send to the local paper.
They should hold the debate on stage, so that they can be judged.
They should watch movies about beaches.
They should research wave action and collect data about erosion in the area.
Answers
Answer:
They should research wave action and collect data about erosion in the area.
Explanation:
everyone has their own opinion, and movies aren't gonna make the cut, and no one wants to see a debate in school, so they should research first to get the info they need
In the quest to understand the basis of infertility in humans, researchers have identified a mutation in a gene associated with chiasmata. This protein normally acts to promote homologous recombination.Why might a defect in homologous recombination have consequences for fertility?A. The chiasmata halts the whole process of meiosis, if crossover do not form properly.B. Crossover formation is a necessary step in meiosis I to ensure proper chromosome segregationC. A checkpoint requires a certain level of genetic variability for meiosis to proceed.D. Chiasmata are the connections between the centromeres and the centromeres that pull them to each pole of the daughter cells.
Answers
Answer:
B. Crossover formation is a necessary step in meiosis I to ensure proper chromosome segregation
Explanation:
Crossing-over is a unique phenomenon that occurs in the prophase I stage of meiosis I, where non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes exchange their chromosomal segment. The physical point where this exchange occurs is called CHIASMATA. Hence, a mutation that affects the gene associated with the chiasmata will affect the occurrence of crossing over or homologous recombination.
Crossing-over, through the formation of the chiasmata, is responsible for the physical alignment and proper segregation of chromosomes into gametes. Naturally, the chiasmata formed as a result of recombination during meiosis helps ensure that the chromosomes stay together until it is the right time to separate. This way, any chromosomal defect in the resulting gamete is prevented.
However, an error or defect in homologous recombination might give rise to gametes with chromosomal disorder, a condition known as ANEUPLOIDY i.e. missing or additional chromosomes in gametes. This can affect the fertility of the involved human.
in the fruit fly, the long wing allele is dominant over the short wing allele. What are the parental genotypes for a cross that yields 75% long winged offspring and 25% short winged offspring.
Answers
According to the scenario, the parental genotypes for a cross that yields 75% long-winged offspring and 25% short-winged offspring are Ll and Ll.
What are Genotypes?Genotypes may be defined as the ultimate combination of alleles of those genes which are significantly taken for specific studies.
According to the context of this question, in the fruit fly, the long-wing allele is dominant over the short-wing allele. This means that capital L is dominant over small l. So, the genotypes LL and Ll govern the dominant trait, i.e. Longwing.
The Punnett square for the given cross is as follows:
Therefore, the parental genotypes for a cross that yields 75% long-winged offspring and 25% short-winged offspring are Ll and Ll.
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Which of the following is NOT a factor of sustainability?
Group of answer choices
economics
ethics
biodiversity
natural capital
solar energy
Answers
Answer:
natural capital
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Alexei Romanov suffered from hemophilia, a condition that (1 point)
causes the body to produce too many blood cells due to the body's inability to form fibrin proteins.
o prevents blood from clotting normally due to the body's inability to form fibrin proteins.
O causes the body to produce abnormally shaped red blood cells due to the body's inability to form fibrin proteins.
o prevents the body from absorbing vitamin B12 due to the body's inability to form fibrin proteins.
Answers
Answer:
prevents blood from clotting normally due to the body's inability to form fibrin proteins.
Explanation:
Haemophilia is a genetic disorder which could be inherited and it is characterized by constant bleeding and loss of blood when injuries occur. This is as a result of the inability of the body to form fibril proteins. The fibril proteins are responsible for the production of platelets . The platelets are responsible for the clotting of blood.
This validates haemophilia being a disorder which prevent blood from clotting normally due to the body's inability to form fibrin proteins.
For those who need more answers
1. Adenine
2. Prevents blood from clotting normally due to the bodys inability to form fibrin proteins
3. TCA
4. DNA has the sugars deoxyribose, while RNA has the sugar ribose
5. tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and helps form proteins
What term is used to describe a retrograde flow of urine from the urinary bladder into the ureters that is the cause of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
Answers
Answer:
Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
Explanation:
Answer:
The condition is known as Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)
Explanation:
Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a pathological condition caused by Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) where urine flows back from the bladder into one or both ureters, and sometimes back into the kidneys. The condition is commonly seen in young children under 2 years of age, and infants.
Most children with primary VUR were born with an abnormal ureter, which is mainly seen as a defective valve between the kidneys and the ureters that does not close well, hence resulting in refluxes. Secondary VUR develops due to some pathological conditions affecting the urinary tract, like blockage of the urethra, causing reflux of urine. Defective bladder nerves can also lead to VUR.
According to kirk smith a professor of environmental health at the university of california berkley indoor fires increase risks of pneumonia tuberculosis lung cancer and low birth weight in babies born of women expose during pregnancy. What simple solution is being widely promoted to reduce the risk of death?
a) preparing meals using solar cookers.
b) switching from wood to burning crop waste as a fuel source.
c) adding more windows to houses as a source of ventilation.
d) passing a green tax to make homeowners pay for their pollution.
e) providing asthma inhalers to children under the age of 12 years.
Answers
Answer:
preparing meals using solar cookers.
Explanation:
solar cookers radiates at low rates.Therefore the most of the nutrients in the foods are conserved.Thus most micro nutrients for biochemical activities are retained. Vitamins which can not withstand high temperature are preserved.
Most importantly carcinogens which are usually associated with high heat foods are avoided ,when cook with low heat of solar cookers
The solar cooker is smoke free,therefore irritation of the lungs,lung cancer associated with high heat cookers is avoided.
Specifically,local Mayan women exposed to high heat smoke cookers, suffers lung cancer,and those with pregnancy gives to infants with low birth weights. Children exposed to theses high heat also experienced acute lower respiratory infections.
Thus the smokeless,low heat solar cooker is safer.
how gravity plays a role in the parts of the water cycle shown in this model.
Answers
Answer:
look dear i will explain
Explanation: It pulls precipitation down from clouds and pulls water down hill . gravity also moves air and ocean water. Gravity pulls denser air and water downwards,forcing less dense air and water o move upwards.
okay hope it works
Hit like
Answer:
Gravity causes precipitation in the clouds to fall to Earth. On the ground, gravity influences surface runoff, as water travels from higher to lower elevations. Gravity also influences groundwater because it pulls elements toward the center of Earth. Water, under the influence of gravity, seeps into the ground to form groundwater.
Explanation:
there u go guys thats the sample answer but change it up please. have a good day
When a liquid becomes a gas, _____
The molecules move closer together
The molecules move farther apart
The molecules are unchanged
There are no molecules
Answers
Answer:
The molecules move farther apart.
What part of the brain is known as the pleasure center?
A. Brain stem
B. Hypothalamus
C. Thalamus
D. Midbrain
SUBMIT
Answers
Answer:
B. Hypothalamus
Explanation:
The hypothalamus contains the pleasure center of the brain, the nucleus accumbens. The hormone dopamine is released from this part of the brain in response to or anticipation of pleasurable activities such as eating good food, monetary rewards as well as when taking psychoactive drugs.
The release of dopamine affects other feelings such as happiness, focus, being alert as well as staying motivated. it also affect some voluntary actions as well.
Constantly seeking out activities that stimulate dopamine release may lead to addiction to such activities as in drug addiction.
Mandy and Pat are discussing a movie that showed someone being injured by radio waves. Mandy says that's not likely because
radio waves are low frequency and low energy, and Pat says that it is likely because otherwise they would not put it in a movie.
What is the best way to help them decide if the information is true?
They can write a letter to the director.
Movies are reliable sources, so they can assume Pat is correct.
They can use reliable web sites or books to get more information.
They can watch another movie in the series to see what happens next.
Answers
Answer:
Its C, They can use reliable web sites or books.
Explanation:
The most abundant element in the body of living things is: a) Hydrogen b) Nitrogen c) Carbon d) Oxygen
Answers
Answer:
D. Oxygen
Explanation:
Oxygen is the most abundant element in the bodies of living things. For example, oxygen is about 65% of the human body.
Oxygen in the body is mostly in the form of water, since the bodies of living things need water to create energy needed every day.
chapter 1 in microscope biology
Answers
Answer:
100*
Explanation:
it is a bacteria which needs to be seen under a strong microscope.
Two students are comparing scientific experiments to investigations. They came up with the following ideas. Student A: Testing plant growth in different types of soils Student B: Comparing the water level in a lake during different times of the year Which student gave an example of a scientific experiment? Student A because it requires experimental and control groups Student B because it requires a hypothesis Student A because it is preferably done in natural settings Student B because it is preferably done across a long period of time
Answers
Answer:
Student A because it requires experimental and control groups
Explanation:
Answer:
i took the test, its A
Student A because it requires experimental and control groups
Explanation:
Human actions often break large areas if forest or grassland into small remnant parcels that support fewer individuals and ae far apart from one another. Predict how gene flow, genetic drift, and extinction risk would differ between the original and the remnant populations.
Answers
Answer:
Gene flow will be restricted
Gene drift will be higher than in larger populations
Extinction rate will be increased due to the reduction in genetic diversity
Explanation:
Gene flow is defined as the transference of genetic material among populations. In isolated populations, the gene low is null and thereby they have different allelic frequencies, while populations that share genetic material tend to have the same allelic frequencies.
Genetic drift is the change in the allelic frequencies in a population as a result of random sampling. In small populations such as those living in parcels, the genetic drift is higher than in larger populations.
Extinction is the continuous declination in the number of organisms of a particular group (for example, a population or a species), that inevitably leads to the disappearance of this group. In small populations, the likelihood of extinction will be higher than in larger populations, due to the lesser genetic variation and higher genetic drift.
Provide one example of quantitative data that can be collected when using a microscope?
Answers
Answer: there 3 ducks by the pond
Explanation:
Quantitative is numbers. how many.
Acidification of the stomach uses all of the following types of transport EXCEPT: A. channels. B. pumps. C. antiporters. AND. symporters. E. All of these are used by parietal cells.
Answers
Answer: Option E.
All of these are used by parietal cells.
Explanation:
Parietal cells are found in the stomach and they produced gastric acid(Hcl)..
HCl is produced when water mixed with carbondioxide in the parietal cell to produced carbonic acid which is catalyses by carbonic anhydrase. The carbonic acid then dissociates into hydrogen ion and carbonate ion.
Parietal cell produce HCl due to histamine (via H2 receptors), acetylcholine (M3 receptors) and gastrin (gastrin receptors).
Therefore it uses channels, pumps, antiporter.
Explain what, if any, is the issue facing DNA polymerase in regards to its 5’->3’ activity when replicating DNA.
Answers
Answer:
The two strands of DNA are replicated in different ways
Explanation:
DNA replication is a process that occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle that consists of making two identical copies of the double-stranded DNA molecule, which subsequently are distributed in the daughter cells during cell division. During this process, DNA polymerase can add nucleotides in 5' to 3' direction, but not in 3' to 5' direction. In consequence, the DNA strand that has 3’ to 5’ directionality can be synthesized directly, while the DNA template strand that has 5’ to 3’ directionality can't be synthesized in a continuous manner and thereby it is created by adding small DNA fragments, which are known as Okazaki fragments (150-200 nucleotides in size).
fur color in mice is affected by a single gene the gene for fur color has two alleles: b that causes dark brown fur and b that causes light brown fur. What is or could be the genotyes of a mouse with dark brown fur
Answers
Answer:
(BB) or (Bb)
Explanation:
Given that (B) allele , is responsible for fur that is dark brown, and (b) allele is responsible for fur color that is light brown, the dominant allele is (B) allele for dark brown fur. Dark brown fur allele would always express itself over the recessive allele, (b).
For a mouse that has dark brown fur, the possible genotype it could have is either (BB) => 2 dominant allele, or (Bb) => 1 dominant allele and a recessive allele. The dominant allele would always express itself even in the presence of the recessive allele.
Suppose an experimenter becomes proficient with a technique that allows her to move DNA sequences within a prokaryotic genome. If a researcher moves the repressor gene (lacI), along with its promoter, to a position at some several thousand base pairs away from its normal position, which of the following results would be expected?
A) The repressor will no longer bind to the operator.
B) The repressor will no longer bind to the inducer.
C) The lac operon will be expressed continuously.
D) The lac operon will function normally.
Answers
Answer:
D) The lac operon will function normally.
Explanation:
The promoter area can be described as the area that causes the transcription to initiate for a particular gene. Promoters may be near the genes from which they initiate transcription or they may display multiple scenes upstream. The lock operon works normally because the promoter area can still enable transcription on many base pairs. Detects repression promoter and works normally.so correct option is D) The lac operon will function normally.
If a researcher moved the repressor gene of lac I, along with its promoter; the lac operon will function normally. Option D is correct.
Promotor:
It is the genetic sequence that is recognized by the RNA polymerase to start the transcription.
Here, researcher moved the repressor gene of lac I , along with its promoter.
Therefore, transcription starts, it will express the repressor gene also because repressor gene was moved with promotor.
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Saprobic microorganisms are important decomposers of plant litter, animal matter, and dead microbes. This is an example of a(n) ______________.
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer would be - heterotrophs (chemoheterotrophs)
Explanation:
Heterotrophs are the living organisms that are directly or indirectly depend on the autotrophs or the organisms that can make their own food for energy and growth.
Saprobic microorganism are free living organisms that get their energy from decomposing rotten or dead organic matter such as plant litter, animal matter and dead microbes. It is performed with the help of enzymes or chemicals they release to decompose such matter. they also known as chemoheterotrophs.
Thus, the correct answer would be - heterotrophs (chemoheterotrophs).
