FILL IN THE BLANK Isabel, a newborn, turns her head toward a stimulus that strokes her cheek. Isabel is showing the ______ reflex

Answer: A speaker's definition of a family (resource unknown):

Explanation:

Actually, sociologists don't agree very much about how to define family, but probably the vast majority of sociologists don't always bother to ask that question directly – they tend to sidestep it. I think anthropologists are a bit more careful here because anthropologists almost always are focusing on comparing one culture to another, and too often sociologists – not all sociologists but many sociologists – work within their own countries and tend to take for granted the definition of family that they presume is most widespread there. There are sociologists who challenge the definitions, and there certainly are some interesting conversations about what counts as a family. What's really interesting is that the public does tend to agree more on what counts as a family than sociologists probably do or that most politicians do. Most people today when they are polled will tell you that a family are people who love and take care of each other, which is actually a worldly revolutionary definition of family, because historically family has always been defined much more by issues of social obligation and reproduction and economic interdependency and religious constraints and things like that. So, our families have changed dramatically and I'm not sure that sociologists have always been able to keep up as well as maybe even people who are living their lives are able to.

Classroom eText definition of a family (Chapter 4: Socialization and the Life Course (page 85)

For most people, the family is the first source of socialization. Through families, children are introduced to the expectations of society. Children learn to see themselves through their parents’ eyes. How parents define and treat a child is crucial to the development of the child’s sense of self.

What children learn in families is certainly not uniform. Even though families pass on the expectations of a given culture, families within that culture may be highly diverse, as we will see in Chapter 13. Some families may emphasize educational achievement over physical activity; some may be more permissive, whereas others emphasize strict obedience and discipline. Within families, children may experience different expectations based on gender or birth order (being born first, second, or third). Living in a family experiencing the strain of social problems such as alcoholism, unemployment, domestic violence, or teen pregnancy also affects how children are socialized. The specific effects of different family structures and processes are the basis for ongoing and extensive sociological research.

Sociologists have also found that there are significant class differences in how children are socialized in families. By observing families in different social classes over an extended period of time, sociologist Annette Lareau found that children raised in upper- and middle-class families are given highly structured activities, such as music lessons, organized sports and clubs, language instruction, and other activities that both fill the family calendar and give children little free time. Cultivated childhood is the result as children in the upper and middle classes learn to navigate institutions and interact with authority figures in ways that will benefit them later in life. Working-class children, on the other hand, have much more unstructured childhoods, allowing them to create their own activities, but leaving them without the same skills to successfully navigate social institutions, such as school and work, later in life. In this sense, childhood socialization in families reproduces a system of inequality that advantages those who already have resources and disadvantages everyone else (Lareau 2011).

As important as the family is in socializing the young, it is not the only socialization agent. As children grow up, they encounter other socializing influences, sometimes in ways that might contradict family expectations. Even parents who want to socialize their children in less gender-stereotyped ways might be frustrated by the influence of other socializing forces, which promote highly gender-typed toys and activities to boys and girls. These multiple influences on the socialization process create what sociologist Emily Kane has called “the gender trap,” meaning the expectations and structures that reproduce gender norms, even when parents try to resist them (Kane 2012).

The creative process draws upon logic, imagination, intuition, and systemic reasoning to explore possibilities and create desired outcomes.

The creative process involves generating new ideas or solutions through a combination of different cognitive processes and skills.

Logic is important in the creative process because it provides a framework for organizing and evaluating ideas. Imagination and intuition, on the other hand, allow individuals to think outside the box and consider unconventional possibilities. Systemic reasoning helps individuals understand the relationships and connections between different elements in a problem or situation.

Overall, the creative process is a complex and dynamic process that requires a combination of different cognitive skills and approaches. It is an essential aspect of innovation, problem-solving, and personal growth.

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The action taken by the United Nations created conflict in the middle east that continues to the present day and is proposed to divide Palestine into Jewish and Arab States. The correct option is c.

The United Nations is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations. It is the world's largest and most familiar international organization.

The UN is headquartered on international territory in New York City and has other main offices in Geneva, Nairobi, Vienna, and The Hague. The UN was established after World War II to prevent future world wars, succeeding the League of Nations, which was characterized as ineffective.

On April 1945, 50 governments met in San Francisco for a conference and started drafting the UN Charter, which was adopted on 25 June 1945 and took effect on 24 October 1945, when the UN began operations.

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Option b: Fluid intelligence is relatively independent/self-determining of education and includes/contains reasoning, memory, and speed of processing, which declines slowly as people age.

Fluid intelligence refers to the capacity to reason rapidly, think abstractly, and solve problems without relying on prior knowledge. Despite being distinct from crystallized intelligence, cognitive flexibility and crystallized intelligence are closely related, and we use both in many of the same situations.

As businesses prepare for the challenges of the next decade,Fluid intelligence is a topic of intense discussion, with many experts predicting that it will be crucial in the business world. Therefore, accurately evaluating cognitive flexibility is extremely important.

Thomas offers various tests that evaluate the characteristics associated with cognitive flexibility/Fluid intelligence, which can assist you in recruiting more efficiently for your workplace.

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Complete question:

_____ intelligence is relatively independent of education and includes reasoning, memory, and speed of processing, which declines slowly as people age.

Informational

Fluid-

Crystallized

Practical

Carol Gilligan criticized Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development for being male-centric and ignoring the distinct moral reasoning styles of women.

Gilligan argued that Kohlberg's theory primarily focused on the development of justice-based reasoning, which tends to be more prevalent in males, while ignoring the importance of care-based reasoning, which tends to be more prevalent in females. She believed that this resulted in a biased and incomplete understanding of moral development.

Gilligan's alternative theory proposed that women tend to prioritize caring relationships and responsibilities in their moral decision-making, which is equally important to justice-based reasoning. Her criticism of Kohlberg's theory opened up new avenues of research on gender and moral development.

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Entropy is increased by the creation of gaseous products from non-gaseous reactants. All spontaneous change occurs as the entropy of the universe increases.

For a process to be spontaneous, the total entropy change for the system and its surroundings must be positive (+). As ice melts, molecules are given more freedom to move, which leads to disorder. Once the water is subsequently heated to form gas, the molecules are then free to travel independently through space.The change in entropy for an adiabatic process is therefore equal to zero because the entropy (DS) for both of the preceding reactions would be positive.

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Which of the following processes are associated with a positive change in entropy?

1. 2MgS(s) + 3O2(g) → 2MgO(s) + 2SO2(g)

2. 2COCl2(g) → 2CO(g) + 2Cl2(g)

3. condensation of water vapor into a liquid

4. sublimation of a solid into a gas

5. dissolving of a salt into a solution.

The answer to the given question about Deaf blindness is option d) students preference of one sense over another.

Communication difficulties: Deaf-blind individuals face significant challenges in communication as they are unable to rely on typical modes of communication, such as speech and hearing. Teachers and families must work together to identify and implement effective communication strategies, such as tactile sign language or assistive technology. Access to information: Deaf-blind individuals may have limited access to information due to their dual sensory impairment. Teachers and families must ensure that the necessary accommodations are in place to facilitate access to information, such as providing braille or large print materials, or using assistive technology. Social isolation: Deaf-blind individuals may experience social isolation and a lack of opportunities for social interaction due to their sensory impairments. Teachers and families must work to provide opportunities for socialization and inclusion, such as by facilitating participation in group activities or providing access to assistive technology that enables communication with others.

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Complete Question

all of the following are challenges of deaf-blindness that teachers and families must address except:

a) Communication difficulties

b) Access to information

c) Social isolation

d) students preference of one sense over another.

The appropriateness component of assertiveness skills concerns knowing where and when not to behave assertively.

The appropriateness component of assertiveness skills is an important aspect of effective communication. It involves being aware of the social context, cultural norms, and power dynamics of a situation, and knowing when it is appropriate to express oneself assertively and when it is not. For example, in some cultures, being too assertive or direct may be seen as rude or aggressive, while in others, it may be expected or even admired. Similarly, in situations where there is a power imbalance, such as with a boss or authority figure, it may be more appropriate to express oneself assertively but with tact and respect. Being aware of these factors and adjusting one's assertiveness accordingly can lead to more successful communication and positive outcomes.

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Answer:

Explanation:

It is not accurate to make a blanket statement that most perpetrators of domestic abuse are narcissists or have a personality disorder. Domestic abuse can be perpetrated by individuals with a wide range of personalities, backgrounds, and mental health conditions. While there may be some perpetrators who have narcissistic or personality disorders, it is important to recognize that this is not the sole cause of domestic abuse and that many other factors can contribute to this behavior. It is crucial to approach each case individually and to provide support and resources to survivors regardless of the characteristics of their abuser.

Answer:

There are many stereotypical views of gender that could negatively affect the progressive growth of society. Here are a few examples:

1.The belief that men should be the breadwinners and women should stay at home: This stereotype can limit the opportunities available to women, and it can also lead to economic inequality between men and women.

2.The belief that women are less competent or less intelligent than men: This stereotype can lead to discrimination against women in the workplace and in education.

3.The belief that men should be tough and not show emotions: This stereotype can lead to men feeling unable to express their emotions, which can have negative effects on their mental health.

4.The belief that women should be passive and submissive: This stereotype can lead to women feeling unable to assert themselves, which can limit their opportunities and lead to unequal power dynamics in relationships.

5.The belief that gender is binary and fixed: This stereotype can lead to discrimination against people who do not conform to traditional gender roles or who identify as non-binary.

Explanation:

Answer:

The belief that women should be passive and submissive: This stereotype can lead to women feeling unable to assert themselves, which can limit their opportunities and lead to unequal power dynamics in relationships.

Explanation:

Studies show that for individuals with bipolar disorder, there are irregularities in the transport of ions in neurons. Here option B is the correct answer.

Specifically, the ions of lithium, sodium, and calcium are affected, which are critical for neuronal signaling and communication. These abnormalities can lead to episodes of mania or depression in people with bipolar disorder.

Lithium is a common medication used to treat bipolar disorder as it helps to regulate ion transport and stabilize mood. It works by reducing the influx of calcium ions, which can cause excitability and overstimulation of neurons.

Overall, understanding the role of ion transport in the development and treatment of bipolar disorder can lead to better management and treatment of this complex mental health condition.

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Complete question:

Fill in the blank. Studies show that for individuals with bipolar disorder, there are irregularities in the transport of __________ in neurons.

A - axons

B - ions

C - myelin

D - dendrites -

Aka pygmy culture is the culture in which fathers and mothers spend almost equal time interacting with their infants. So, option A is correct.

The Aka people are a hunter-gatherer tribe in Central Africa known for their unique parenting practices, which involve a high level of involvement by both parents in caring for infants and young children. Studies have shown that Aka fathers spend as much time holding and interacting with their infants as Aka mothers do, which is in contrast to many other cultures where mothers tend to take on the majority of the caregiving responsibilities for young children.

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The complete question is:

In which of the following cultures do fathers and mothers spend almost equal time interacting with their infants?

A) Aka pygmy culture

B) trust versus mistrust

C) throwing the infant in the air

D) joint attention

The correct statement is: a. Distinct from anxiety is fear, which is the emotion that people experience when confronted with a real or imagined threat.

Anxiety and fear are two distinct emotions, with fear being the response to an immediate or real threat, while anxiety is a more generalized and prolonged feeling of worry or unease about future events or situations. Anxiety disorders are characterized by excessive and persistent fear or anxiety that is related to specific objects or situations, which can interfere with daily life. Anxiety disorders are relatively common, affecting approximately 18% of the US population in a given year, and they can occur in both men and women. However, there is no evidence to suggest that men are more likely to experience anxiety disorders than women. Finally, anxiety disorders are not characterized by aggression, but rather by excessive and often irrational fear or worry.

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The statement A strong conclusion challenges audience members to put to use what the speaker has taught them is true as as a  strong conclusion should challenge the audience members to put to use what the speaker has taught them

A conclusion that is impactful and memorable should leave a lasting impression on the audience and inspire them to take action or change their behavior in some way.

By challenging the audience to apply the speaker's message in their own lives, the conclusion can help ensure that the message is not forgotten and that the speech has a lasting impact.

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Natural resources-  Anything that is found in nature that can be used by living things is a natural resource. This includes water, forests, fossil fuels, minerals, plants, animals and even air.

Diversification- Diversification is a risk management technique that manage risk by allocating investments across different financial instruments, industries, and several other categories.

Trade- Trade is an act or process of buying, selling or exchanging goods and services. Trade, in general, is of two types. They are Internal trade and International trade.

Import - An import is any product that's produced abroad and then brought into another country.

Export- Goods and services produced in one country but supplied to buyers in another are known as exports.

Efficient-  Efficiency is the ability of professionals to use the available resources, time, and money to achieve the company's goals.

Risk  - A risk, in a business context, is anything that threatens an organization's ability to generate profits at its target levels.

Natural resources include things like stone, sand, metals, coal, oil, and natural gas. Air, sunshine, soil, and water are other natural resources. Moreover, natural resources include fish, plants, birds, and animals. Food, fuel, and raw materials for the produce of commodities are all made from natural resources.

Humans want resources for the reasons: Humans' wants and comforts are met when resources are employed as a raw material. Agriculture relies on natural resources, which increases its economic significance.

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True. Many people do sabotage their goals and dreams by unconsciously choosing actions, thoughts, and/or emotions that get them off course. This can happen for a variety of reasons, including fear of failure, lack of self-awareness, and negative self-talk.

Sometimes people may have conflicting beliefs or values that make it difficult for them to pursue their goals and dreams in a consistent manner. For example, a person may have a goal to exercise regularly but also believe that exercise is unpleasant or painful. This conflicting belief can make it difficult for the person to stick to their exercise routine and achieve their goal.

It's important to identify and address these types of self-sabotaging behaviors in order to increase the likelihood of success in achieving goals and realizing dreams. This may involve developing self-awareness, challenging negative beliefs and self-talk, seeking support from others, and developing positive habits and routines.

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To successfully manage intercultural conflict, we should engage in the following behaviors:

1) Be prepared.

2) Develop sensitivity to the use of time.

3) Listen carefully learn to tolerate ambiguity.

4) Try to locate areas of agreement. Options 1, 3, 5 and 8 are correct

Being prepared involves anticipating potential challenges or obstacles and making plans to address them. This can involve doing research, gathering resources, and developing contingency plans. Being prepared can help us to feel more confident and successful in our endeavors.

Developing sensitivity to the use of time is important in intercultural communication, as different cultures may have different expectations or norms around punctuality and scheduling. For example, in some cultures, it may be considered rude to arrive early to a meeting, while in others, it may be expected. Developing sensitivity to these cultural differences can help us to avoid misunderstandings and build positive relationships.

Listening carefully and learning to tolerate ambiguity is important in intercultural communication, as it can help us to understand different perspectives and avoid misunderstandings. In some cultures, direct communication may be preferred, while in others, indirect communication may be the norm. Learning to listen carefully and be open to different communication styles can help us to navigate these cultural differences.

Trying to locate areas of agreement can be helpful in resolving conflicts and building positive relationships. When we focus on areas of agreement, we can find common ground and work towards mutually beneficial solutions, rather than becoming entrenched in our disagreements. This can be particularly important in intercultural communication, where cultural differences may initially appear to be insurmountable obstacles. Options 1, 3, 5 and 8 are correct

The complete question is

According to the text, in order to successfully manage intercultural conflict we should practice which of the following behaviors?

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In families where coparenting is cooperative, cohesive, and child-centered, there is a higher likelihood of family harmony.

When parents work together to support each other and prioritize their children's needs, they create a positive family environment where everyone feels valued and supported. This type of coparenting can lead to better communication, fewer conflicts, and a greater sense of unity among family members. Family members are also more likely to feel heard, respected, and valued, which can foster a sense of belonging and connection. In turn, this positive family dynamic can contribute to the emotional well-being and overall happiness of all family members.

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The correct answer to the given question about skeptical adopter group is option B) Late mainstream.

The late majority adopter group is characterized by being skeptical and cautious about new products or ideas. They tend to adopt new innovations only after the majority of people have already tried it and accepted it. This group is also referred to as the "skeptics" or "conservatives" and typically represents around 34% of the population. In contrast, innovators and early adopters are more willing to take risks and try new things, while early and late mainstream adopters are more influenced by the opinions of others and tend to adopt new products or ideas when they become more widely accepted.

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Complete Question

This adopter group is skeptical and only adopts new products after a majority of people has tried it.

A. Innovators.

B. Late mainstream.

C. Early mainstream.

D. Lagging adopters.

E. Early adopters.

Answer:

Explanation:

The Bessemer Process revolutionized the steel industry in the late 19th century. Developed by Sir Henry Bessemer in the 1850s, the process involved blowing air through molten iron to remove impurities and create a stronger, more malleable type of steel. This new method of steel production drastically reduced the cost and time needed to produce steel, making it more accessible for construction and manufacturing purposes.

The impact of the Bessemer Process on industrialization was significant. Prior to the development of this process, steel production was limited and expensive, mainly used for specialized applications such as weaponry and railroads. However, the Bessemer Process allowed for the mass production of steel, leading to the construction of large-scale infrastructure projects such as skyscrapers, bridges, and railways. It also facilitated the growth of the automobile industry, as steel was used in the production of cars and trucks.

The Bessemer Process had a ripple effect on many other industries as well, such as shipping, oil drilling, and telecommunications. The availability of steel at a lower cost and in greater quantities allowed for the creation of new products and technologies that would not have been possible before.

Despite its significance, the Bessemer Process is often overlooked in history books. Many people do not realize the impact it had on the world and how it helped to shape modern society. The process also faced criticism and controversy at the time, with some arguing that it caused environmental damage and worker exploitation. However, its overall impact on the world cannot be denied.

In conclusion, the Bessemer Process played a crucial role in industrialization and technological advancement. Its impact on society was widespread and enduring, leading to the creation of new industries and infrastructure. While it may not be as well-known as other historical events, the Bessemer Process deserves recognition for its significant contribution to the modern world.

Answer:

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Entrepreneurship and Microenterprise

Project: Entrepreneurship and Microenterprise

Create a policy proposal that will increase youth social entrepreneurship in a developing nation.

Questions: How can government policies support and sustain innovative, community-focused, youth- run small businesses?

Explanation:

Policy Proposal: Increasing Youth Social Entrepreneurship in a Developing Nation

Introduction:

In developing nations, youth unemployment is a pressing issue, with over 75 million young people unemployed worldwide. In such an environment, entrepreneurship and microenterprise provide an excellent opportunity to empower youth and promote economic development. This policy proposal aims to increase youth social entrepreneurship in a developing nation by introducing policy measures that support and sustain innovative, community-focused, youth-run small businesses.

Policy Recommendations:

Providing Access to Capital:

The government can support youth entrepreneurship by setting up funding mechanisms for youth-led startups. For example, the government can create a youth entrepreneurship fund that provides low-interest loans or grants to young entrepreneurs who are starting socially-oriented businesses. Additionally, the government can establish venture capital funds that invest in innovative youth-led startups.

Providing Training and Mentorship:

Youth entrepreneurship programs can provide practical skills training and mentorship to young entrepreneurs. The government can partner with civil society organizations and educational institutions to provide entrepreneurship training programs. These training programs can cover areas such as business planning, financial management, marketing, and product development. The government can also establish mentorship programs that pair experienced entrepreneurs with young entrepreneurs to provide guidance, support, and advice.

Providing Regulatory Support:

The government can create policies that support youth-led businesses. For example, the government can establish a simplified regulatory environment that reduces the administrative burden on startups. This can include streamlining the process of registering a business, reducing the cost of obtaining licenses and permits, and simplifying tax regulations.

Encouraging Public-Private Partnerships:

The government can partner with the private sector to promote youth entrepreneurship. For example, the government can establish public-private partnerships that provide resources, such as office space, equipment, and technology, to young entrepreneurs. These partnerships can also provide networking opportunities that help young entrepreneurs access markets, financing, and support.

Providing Market Access:

The government can provide support to young entrepreneurs by creating policies that promote market access. For example, the government can establish procurement policies that prioritize youth-led businesses in government contracting. Additionally, the government can create policies that provide incentives to businesses that source products or services from youth-led enterprises.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, promoting youth entrepreneurship is a critical strategy to address youth unemployment and promote economic development in developing nations. By creating policies that provide access to capital, training and mentorship, regulatory support, public-private partnerships, and market access, the government can support and sustain innovative, community-focused, youth-run small businesses.|

Give me brainliest please.

Option c, d and e: population clustering, gerrymandering and mobilization of conservative interest groups are major reasons for why Congress has become more politically polarized in recent years.

The United States Congress is an authoritative body that wields significant influence over the government's decision-making process. It consists of two chambers, namely, the Senate and the House of Representatives, each with distinct responsibilities.

The act of gerrymandering, wherein a political entity manipulates electoral boundaries to gain an advantage, stands in contrast to an interest group, which is a coalition of individuals with shared interests.

Societal fragmentation is a prevalent issue that is causing civil unrest in both established and emerging democracies. As a result, the role of Congress has become more active in addressing these concerns.

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Complete question:

Choose all of the major reasons for why Congress has become more politically polarized in recent years.

-presidential intervention

-mobilization of liberal interest groups

-population clustering

-gerrymandering

-mobilization of conservative interest groups

-strengthening of party leadership in Congress

Proficiency in using a variety of computer software packages is not a soft skill. Option A is correct choice.

Soft skills refer to personal attributes that enable someone to interact effectively and harmoniously with other people. Examples of soft skills include communication skills, teamwork, problem-solving skills, adaptability, leadership skills, time management, and interpersonal skills.

On the other hand, proficiency in using computer software packages falls under technical skills, which are specific abilities that are related to performing a certain task or function. Technical skills are usually acquired through education, training, or experience. Hence, option A is correct choice.

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--The complete question is, Jue understands that soft skills and professional polish will ensure her long-term success on the job. Which of the following is not a soft skill?

A. Proficiency in using a variety of computer software packages

B. Ability to communicate effectively with colleagues and clients

C. Time management and organizational skills

D. Problem-solving and critical thinking skills--

Congress's lack of taxing authority was a key flaw in the Articles of Confederation. Just a request to file taxes might be made by Congress. This is a serious flaw because tax money IS required to support the military.

Under the Articles, Congress lacked the power to impose taxes. She could only ask the states to give the common treasury their fair part, but she did not receive the desired sums. Congress asked the states for the authority to impose taxes and secure the payment of public debts in order to fix this flaw.

Lack of the ability to tax or collect, control trade, or enforce laws are some of the weaknesses. 9 states had to approve laws, and all states had to agree on changes; no national judicial system or executive branch.

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The statement The proper cutoff of inventories is best achieved when receiving reports and purchase invoices surrounding the year-end are examined is true as   The proper cutoff of inventories is best achieved when receiving reports and purchase invoices surrounding the year-end are examined.

This is because the cutoff date for inventory is typically the end of the accounting period, and any inventory received or shipped before or after that date should be accounted for in the appropriate period

. By examining receiving reports and purchase invoices, a company can ensure that inventory is properly accounted for in the correct period and that the inventory balance reported in the financial statements is accurate.

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Answer:

a group of parents of a young child

Explanation:

When a large number of people congregate in one area, infectious diseases can spread.

Infections disease occur as a result of viruses that circulate in the air, and when a person becomes infected, he will sneeze or cough. If that person sneezes in a crowded room, and another person is very close to him, and the other person is not wearing a mask, the infections disease will be affected by that person. Infections disease also circulate in the air, and when a person sneezes repeatedly, the infectious bacteria will Infected.

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Best Practice Guidelines suggest that a group leader contact a group member that drops out with each of the following goals except to use pressure to have the member remain in the group.

The goal of a leader when a member drops out of a group is to maintain a positive relationship with the member and to ensure that their needs and concerns are being addressed. Therefore, it is not appropriate to use pressure to force the member to remain in the group. Instead, the leader should discuss the reasons for dropping out, say good-bye to the remaining group members, and discuss the benefits and liabilities of staying in the group. By discussing the reasons for dropping out, the leader can gain insight into the member's needs and concerns and potentially address them. Saying good-bye to the remaining group members helps to maintain positive relationships within the group. Finally, discussing the benefits and liabilities of staying in the group can help the member make an informed decision about whether to continue participating.

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The given statement "cohabitate before getting married are more likely to divorce" is false because Cohabitating before marriage is not a reliable predictor of divorce.

While it's true that couples who live together before marriage have a slightly advanced divorce rate, other factors  similar as age, education, and religious  cooperation have a much lesser impact on the liability of divorce. It's also possible for couples who cohabitate before getting  

wedded to be just as married and successful as those who do not. Eventually, the success of a marriage is determined by the quality of the relationship and the commitment of each  mate, not by whether or not they lived together before marriage.

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Steven Messner and Richard Rosenfeld developed what they call an INSTITUTIONAL-ANOMIE THOERY of crime that links crime to the existing social structure. Specifically, they suggest that the high rates of crime and violence found in U.S. society can, in part, be explained with reference to the notion of the "American Dream," which suggests that economic success can be achieved by anyone who works hard, plays by the rules, and is willing to engage in competition with others for jobs, income, and status.

According to the Institutional Anomie Theory, social controls are weakened as a result of a value imbalance that favors the economy, which leads to increased crime and violence. A new moral standard that promotes normative flexibility to accomplish goals arises as a result of anomie.

A macro sociological theory called the institutional anomie theory (IAT) aims to explain crime rates. The IAT asserts that the composition and severity of crime are influenced by the integration of social institutions.

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