Answer:
As the transcription process proceeds, a variety of secondary structures forms by the nascent RNA. t takes place due to the fact that portions of the transcript as complementary base pairs form.
The transcript could be pause but terminate, the hairpin loop causes RNA Pol to pause. There are two different ways to terminate transcription in prokaryotes
- intrinsic termination: in this no external factors required
- Rho protein termination: binds to end of msg and moves along by ATP hydrolysis to catch up (rho is faster)
Which of the following correctly describes the formula for speed?
Answer:
im sorry there are no options to the question
Answer:
Speed = Distance/ Time taken
6. What do fungi have in common with animals?
Answer:
Fungi are more like animals because they are heterotrophs, as opposed to autotrophs, like plants, that make their own food. Fungi have to obtain their food, nutrients and glucose, from outside sources. The cell walls in many species of fungi contain chitin.
Unique feature of osmosis is that
(1) energy is required
(2) it involves movement of solutes
(3) it occurs across membranes only
(4) it is seen only in animals
Answer:
I believe the answer is (3)
Explanation:
"Osmosis is a special type of diffusion, namely the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane"
"Osmosis only occurs with a semipermeable membrane"
Khan and sciencedirect
You will create a molecular clock model for an arthropod gene. Follow these guidelines to make your model:
Your timeline will span from 90 million years ago to the present. The common ancestor in your model is an arthropod that lived 90 million years ago. The gene that you’ll track codes for a protein in the species’ venom.
The DNA sequence you’ll track contains 10 nitrogen bases. You can choose the order of the bases and where the mutations occur.
This gene mutates at a rate of approximately 0.76 base pairs every 17.1 million years. To build your model, calculate the estimated time period it takes for 1 base pair to mutate.
The first time period will only show the common ancestor. At the beginning of the second time period, three lineages will diverge from the common ancestor, each with a different mutation in their gene sequences.
The first and third descendant species will survive for the rest of the timeline. The second descendant species was extinct 50 million years ago.
Calculate how long it will take for one full base pair mutation to occur. Explain your reasoning by constructing a mathematical equation.
Answer:
The mutations occur at a rate of 0.56 base changes every 1 billion years. If this rate stays consistent, the mutation rate can be used to determine when different lineages of a particular species split
Answer:
It takes about 17.1 Million years for a base pair to mutate at a rate of 0.76 base pairs. To get the time it takes for one full mutation to occur, you must divide 17.1 to 0.76 and multiply it by 1. So, (17.1/0.76)×1=22.5. It would take about 22.5 million years for one full base pair mutation to occur. Having this being said, the first descendant with one base pair mutation would change after 22.5 million years from the common ancestor. For the second descendant, it would take 45 million years as 22.5 time 2 is 45. 5 million years later, the second descendant will become extinct while the first descendant survives. The third descendant will take about 22.5×3= 67.5 million years. Now, the first and third descendants will survive while the second descendant is extinct.
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How do bryophytes differ from tracheophytes?
Answer:
The main difference between bryophytes and tracheophytes is that bryophytes are nonvascular plants, whereas tracheophytes are vascular. Mosses, liverworts, and hornworts are examples of bryophytes, whereas ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms are examples of tracheophytes
OAmalOHopeO
Amylose is a form of starch made up of α glucose monomers that are bound by 1– 4 linkages.
Describe how the molecule would be affected if the subcomponents were joined by 1–6 linkages instead.
Explain how this might affect the function of the resulting molecule.
Answer: Carbohydrates usually function as energy storage or structural materials, and are composed of monosaccharides (simple sugars). All monosaccharides have three carbon atoms with a carbonyl group attached to one of the carbons, and hydroxyl groups attached to the remaining two. Monosaccharides are the primary fuel for metabolic processes, so we need the monosaccharides in carbohydrates to fuel our metabolic processes, making it an important part of our diet. If the subcomponents were joined by 1-6 linkages instead of 1-4 linkages, it wouldn't be called amylose, it would change to glycogen, making it less soluble.
If the subcomponents of amylose were joined by 1-6 linkages instead of 1-4 linkages, the resulting molecule would have a branched structure instead of a linear one.
Amylose is a type of polysaccharide that is found in starch. It is made up of alpha glucose monomers that are joined together by alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds.
If subcomponents were joined by 1-6 linkage if will result into a branched molecule named as Glycogen.
-The branched structure would make it easier for enzymes to break down the molecule, which could affect how quickly it is digested and how it is used for energy.
Therefore, the change in the linkage would result in a different structure and function of the molecule (glycogen) making it less soluble .
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This type of behavior is important to...?
Which part of the
upper respiratory
system is designed to
interact with food and
air?
A. larynx
B. nose
C. pharynx
D. trachea
Answer:
C.Pharynx
Explanation:
what are the main layers of Earth's interior and the indirect evidence that helped us determine the layers?
Answer:
Explanation:
layers of earth
crust
mantle
outter mantel
inner mantle
core
outter core
inner core
answer h and i urgently
no explanation needed
Answer:
h. I think option c growth of an organism in not true
What is the function of the Xylem in a leaf?
What is the Constant of “which bait works best for a fly trap?”
Answer:
Mix scraps of meat (the older, the better) with something sweet. Lots of people swear by using rotten fish or shrimp, which probably work best because they smell so much. Bait for Fruit Flies: Use fruit (the riper, the better), apple cider vinegar, fruit juice, syrup, wine, beer, or any combination
What is a nerve’s long threadlike bundle that conducts electrical impulses?
Answer:
A nerve is actually a long threadlike bundle of dendrites that conduct electrical impulses. Dendrite word derived from the Greek word 'dendron' which means tree. They carry messages in the form of electrical impulses to cell body, there are also wire like nerves called axon.
Explanation:
Hope it helps you
have a good day dear friend
Define hypothesis
Thx!
Answer:
a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.
"his ‘steady state’ hypothesis of the origin of the universe"
Jurassic park book summary
Answer:
En una isla remota, un grupo de hombres y mujeres emprende una carrera contra el tiempo para evitar un desastre mundial provocado por la desmedida ambición de comercializar la ingeniería genética. Pero todos los esfuerzos resultarán vanos cuando el inescrupuloso proyecto quede fuera de control y el mundo a merced de unas bestias monstruosas...
Explanation:
what are chromosomes
A. strands I'd DNA wrapped around proteins.
B. The alleles that cause certain traits.
C. Any organism that cause contains DNA
D. A form of virus that infects cells.
Answer:
A. strands I'd DNA wrapped around proteins.
Explanation:
DNA is securely packed within the nucleus by chromosomes, which are thread-like structures. Histone proteins offer structural support for DNA by coiling it around them. During cell division, chromosomes assist in the replication and distribution of DNA. Each chromosome has a centromere, which separates the p (short) and q (long) arms. The centromere is found at the constriction point of the chromosome, which may or may not be the center.
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Which of the following would be examples of abiotic factors in a mountain river ecosystem?
fish, algae, and sand
sand, water, and fish
sand, water, and minerals
water, fish, and algae
A group is considered monophyletic if
A. all members of the group share a common ancestor that is included in the group.
B. all members share homoplastic traits.
C. the group does not contain the most recent common ancestor.
D. not all descendants of the common ancestor are included.
E. it is the most parsimonious grouping.
how does a single cell give rise to all the different types of cell, tissue, and organs in human body
Answer:
Over the course of hours, days, or months, the organism turns from a single cell called the zygote (the product of sperm meeting egg) into a huge, organized collection of cells, tissues, and organs. As an embryo develops, its cells divide, grow, and migrate in specific patterns to make a more and more elaborate body.
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identify 3 organisms that belong in the same phylum as Protozoans
Answer:
Algae, Protozoa, Heterotrophs
Explanation:
Which of the following best descrites an example of how genetic codes of organisms have been used to help hierarchically classity living things?
A) The common nucleic acid sequences of polar bears and black bears can be
deduced from their classification in the same genus, Ursus. (WRONG)
B) Viruses contain DNA which is used to classity which hosts they will
infect into a Linnacan taxonomy of viruses.
C) Since kangaroos and opossums both have developed pouches to carry their young, it proves that they share DNA sequences and belong to the same
D) Even though Eubacteria and Archaebacteria look similar, differences in their ribosomal RNA led to their classification into different domains,
Answer:
Even though Eubacteria and Archaebacteria look similar, differences in their ribosomal RNA led to their classification into different domains.
Explanation:
took the test and got it correct
Even though Eubacteria and Archaebacteria look similar, differences in their ribosomal RNA led to their classification into different domains. The correct option is D.
What are Eubacteria?Eubacteria are bacterial counterparts. They go under the name "real bacteria." They lack membrane-bound cell organelles and a genuine nucleus. These are single-celled, tiny creatures.
Contrary to appearances, Eubacteria and Archaebacteria (also known as Archaea) are divided into distinct realms of life based on variations in their genetic make-up, particularly in the sequences of their ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
Together with Eukarya, Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are currently acknowledged as distinct domains of life.
This classification represents the underlying biological differences between the two categories, including variations in cell walls, lipid membranes, and metabolic pathways.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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A main strand of a DNA molecule in a protein coding region is transcribed along the following nucleotide sequence: 5' TACATTAAGCCG 3' . Assuming there is no stop codon in this DNA fragment, how many codons does this sequence contain
Answer:
4 codons
Explanation:
In a DNA sequence, codons are in a set of 3 base pairs.
So, we can calculate the number of codons in the sequence by dividing the total number of base pairs by 3.
There are 12 base pairs in the sequence. Divide this by 3:
12/3
= 4
So, there are 4 codons in this sequence.
which of the following is true for a eukaryote?
A. it is one of the first life forms to appear on earth.
B. it doesn't have a nucleus and organelles.
C. it must be a multicellular organism.
D it evolved from prokaryotes
Answer:
D it evolved from prokaryotes
Explanation:
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Which substance, maple syrup or vegetable oil, has a higher viscosity? Explain how you know the answer.
Answer:
maple syrup
Explanation:
This is because viscosity is simply the resistance of a fluid to flow. A thicker fluid is more resistant than a lighter one. In this case maple syrup is thicker than vegetable oil thus more viscous than it.
Which of these organelles is NOT in animal cells?
Ribosome
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cell Wall
Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are opposing pathways in that they begin or end with the same metabolites and share common intermediates and/or enzymes. Yet, for energetic reasons, the two processes cannot be the exact reverse of each other. How is this possible
Answer:
Due to difference in their products.
Explanation:
Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are not exact reverse to each other because in glycolysis, glucose is converted into pyruvate, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), NADH, protons i.e. hydrogen ions and water whereas in gluconeogenesis, pyruvate is converted into glucose and glycogen. So due to the formation of different products of each process we can say that glycolysis is not exact reverse of gluconeogenesis.
Which OF THESE is a reason why a bird 'sings'?
a. To mark out its territory to others of its own species
b. To frighten other birds that may attack / eat it
c. To attract its food like worms and insects
d. To wake up other birds and animals
Quick
Emulsifiers are Multiple Choice molecules with two nonpolar ends that can be used to disperse lipids into polar liquids such as water. molecules with a polar end and a nonpolar end that can be used to disperse lipids into polar liquids such as water. molecules with two polar ends that can be used to disperse lipids into polar liquids such as water. proteins that transport nonpolar substances in the bloodstream. proteins that transport polar substances in the bloodstream.
Answer:
molecules with a polar end and a nonpolar end that can be used to disperse lipids into polar liquids such as water.
Explanation:
The process of emulsification is very important in science. An emulsifier is a substance that is used to disperse hydrophobic substances in a polar substance such as water.
An emulsifier has a hydrophillic head and a hydrophobic tail. The hydrophillic head dissolves in a polar substance such as water while the hydrophobic tail dissolves in the lipid thereby dispersing the lipid in water.
What type of organisms make up the majority of life on the surface of the pelagic zone?
chemosynthetic bacteria and invertebrates
seaweed and fish
mollusks and seaweed
plankton and algae
The types of organisms that make up the majority of life on the surface of the pelagic zone are plankton and algae. That is the last option, as plankton and algae are the primary producers in the surface layer of the pelagic zone.
What are the zones of water?
The pelagic zone is the open ocean area that comprises the largest ecosystem on Earth. It is divided into different layers depending on the depth and amount of sunlight that penetrates the water. The surface layer of the pelagic zone, also known as the photic zone, is the layer that receives enough sunlight for photosynthesis to occur, and it is where most of the ocean's primary production takes place.
Hence, the types of organisms that make up the majority of life on the surface of the pelagic zone are plankton and algae, which is the last option.
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Complete a dichotomous key for the 10 leaves on the common leaves sheet
A dichotomous key might be considered a significantly useful tool to classify organisms. The key provides an easy and fast way for identification by describing different morphological traits, leading you to the correct taxonomic classification.
When you have an organism -or part of it-, and you need to identify it taxonomically, you use a dichotomous key. The key provides morphological descriptions about different taxonomic groups in an easy way to identify these traits in your individual.
It is simple to read a dichotomous key. The term dichotomous refers to how information is provided. You will always have two options (a and b, or 1 and 2), and you will have to choose one of them according to the characteristics of your organism. The key describes specific morphological traits of organisms that are useful for differentiation.
Probably you might need an atlas or a dictionary to understand some of the technical terminologies. You will also need to carefully observe your specimen, to get to distinguish different traits. If the specimen is too small you might need a loup.
Let us analyze simple example using a group of 5 organisms. Let us assume that you do not know their names, and you need to know what is the individual in the red circle (You will find it in the attached files).
Dichotomous key
Statement 1a ----------- The organism is a vertebrate ----------- Frog
Statement 1b------------ The organism is invertebrate ----------- Go to 2
Statement 2a ---------- The organism has a multisegmented
and elongated body, with too many ----- centipede
legs.
Statement 2b ---------- The organism has a relatively short body
and with fewer legs ------------------------------ Go to 3
Statement 3a ----------- The organism has 8 legs ----------------------- Spider
Statement 3b ----------- The organism has 6 legs ----------------------- Ant
As you can see, this a very simple example, but ilustrates how the key provides enough information for you to reah the correct option.
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Answer:
do not use exactly. It will reset your assignment for plagiarism.
Explanation:
