Answer:
Explanation:
Viruses hijack nearly every function of a host organism's cells in order to replicate and spread, so it makes sense that they would drive the evolution of the cellular machinery to a greater extent than other evolutionary pressures such as predation or environmental conditions.
using information from the morgan's experiments, what fruit flies (genotypes and phenotypes) would you mate to determine the sequence of the body-color, wing-size, and eye-color genes on the chromosome?
6%. Recessive homozygote with vestiges of wings and purple eyes, wild type (heterozygous for regular wings and red eyes).
Morgan concluded that this eye colour gene is found on the X and that there is no comparable locus on the Chromosome 7 since the recessive trait—white eyes—was manifested only in men in the F2 generation. A fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster's sex is identified in the manner described below: When XX and XY chromosomes are combined, a female is produced.6%. Recessive homozygote with vestiges of wings and purple eyes, wild type (heterozygous for regular wings and red eyes). Due to the distance between A and B, 50% of the children produced by crossover will have recombinant phenotypes. The significant production of recombinants suggests that the genetics are not related, according to the data. For the F2 plants, there are 50 each of the blue-round and white-oval recombinants and 450 each of the blue-oval and white-round parentals.
(In another cross, a wild-type fruit fly (heterozygous for gray body color and red eyes) is mated with a black fruit fly with purple eyes. The offspring are as follows: wild type, 721; black-purple, 751; gray-purple, 49; black-red, 45. What is the recombination frequency between these genes for body color and eye color? Using information from problem 4, what fruit flies (genotypes and phenotypes) would you mate to determine the sequence of the body-color, wing-size, and eye-color genes on the chromosome?)
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the precambrian: group of answer choices is the age of algae, and occurred just before the mesozoic. is the age of trilobites, and occurred just before the mesozoic. is the age of trilobites, and occurred just before the paleozoic. is the age of algae, and occurred just before the paleozoic.
The algae provided the food and energy source that allowed the organisms to grow.
Common Precambrian fossils include stromatolites and similar structures, which are trace mats of algae like microorganisms, and microfossils of other microorganisms. The mesozoic ended with a great extinction at the end of the cretaceous period. All the dinosaurs except the birds disappeared in this extinction. Another mass extinction occurred near the end of the triassic period. The cenozoic era was a time when communities took on a more modern appearance. Bacteria were the first organisms to live on earth.They made their appearance three billion years ago in the waters of the first oceans. At first, there were only anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria.The fossil record of multicellular animals from the precambrian includes three main groups that have persisted to the present day.
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Phytochemicals are found in all protein-rich foods, including chicken, eggs, and fish.a. Trueb. False
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Gustatory receptors are sensitive to all of the following taste qualities EXCEPT1. bitter2. sour3. spicy4. sweet
All taste qualities aside from spicy are detectable by gustatory receptors, hence option 3 is correct.
What are gustatory receptors?Gustatory receptors are found on the tongue's papillae and are utilized to sense flavor. The olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity contains olfactory receptors.
Humans have gustatory receptors on their tongues, which are responsible for detecting the tastes of the various foods people eat.
Therefore, these receptors can detect umami as well as sweet, sour, salty, and bitter sensations, hence option 3 is correct.
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Some plants produce fruit which contains their seeds. How does producing fruit benefit the plant?
O Animals often carry the seeds away from the parent plant when they eat the fruit.
O Seeds contained in fruit need the extra nutrients from the surrounding fruit to start growing.
O The fruit keeps the seeds from being damaged when they fall from the plant
O Fewer seeds get eaten by animals if they are hidden inside the fruit, where they can't be seen.
Answer:
The Role of Fruits
One of the main functions of a fruit is to spread the seeds and allow the plant to reproduce. Therefore, all flowering plants produce fruit, regardless of whether the fruit is edible, sweet, or soft.
Explanation:
which size of particulates are the most harmful to human health? group of answer choices greater than 4.0 microns 2.0 microns to 4.0 microns 0.1 micron to 2.0 microns 0 microns to 0.1 microns
Option C, The most problematic particles range from 0.1 to 2.0 microns. These tiny particles often enter the lungs through the nose and throat and harm human health.
Particles between 0.1 and 2.0 microns in size can go deep into your lungs and even enter your bloodstream in rare cases. The biggest threat to human health comes from tiny particles, also known as PM2.5, which have a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers. The most hazardous particle matter human health because of how easily they may be inhaled due to their small size. particles enter your lungs after being breathed and are immediately absorbed into your circulation.
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an anatomy student dissecting a cadaver notices a cranial nerve extending to the thoracic region. what specific cranial nerve is observed?
The cranial nerve CN X (Vagus nerve) is observable.
The vagus nerve (CN X) is the longest of the cranial nerves and the only one that exits the head and neck region. The vagus nerve travels into the thoracic and abdominal cavities, supplying visceral organs with parasympathetic supply.
A network of cranial nerves transmits electrical signals from your brain to various parts of your neck, head, and torso. These signals assist you in smelling, tasting, hearing, and moving your facial muscles. The cranial nerves start at the back of your head. They are an important component of your nervous system.
The cranial nerves are a group of 12 paired nerves located in the back of the brain. Cranial nerves transmit electrical signals from your brain to your face, neck, and torso. Your cranial nerves assist you in tasting, smelling, hearing, and feeling sensations. They also assist you in making facial expressions, blinking your eyes, and moving your tongue.
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Which of the following describes the
coastal photic zones?
A. permanent darkness below 1000 meters with
bioluminescent bacteria, bottom feeders, and angler fish
B. up to 200 meter depth and includes photosynthetic
plants, sea anemones, sponges, crabs, and clams
C. the "twilight zone" between 200-1000 meters deep
and includes whales and octopi and little life
Photic zone up to 200 meter depth and includes photosynthetic plants, sea anemones, sponges, crabs, and clams. The correct option is B.
What is photic zone?The photic zone, also known as the euphotic zone, epipelagic zone, or sunlight zone, is the uppermost layer of a body of water where phytoplankton can perform photosynthesis.
It goes through a number of physical, chemical, and biological processes that allow nutrients to enter the upper water column.
The photic zone is the top layer of the ocean, closest to the surface, and is also known as the sunlight layer. Enough light penetrates the water in this zone to allow photosynthesis.
Thus, the correct option is B.
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The wings of species X and Y are built on same basic pattern but are modified for flying. Based on the statement, discuss the type of evolution they represent.
Biologists can explain how a species of fly without wings evolved from an ancestral fly species with wings through environmental adeptness.
The wings of species X and Y are built on same basic pattern but are modified for flying?Environmental change is any change in an ecosystem or environment that warrens adaptability from the inhabiting organisms in order to survive. The ability to adapt to these changes is known as environmental adeptness. This is a form of evolution in which an organism will generate or loose characteristics in response to changes in its way of life.Biologist can explain how a species of fly without wings evolved from an ancestral fly species with wings through environmental adeptness because the presence of unnecessary wings would have caused the expenditure of energy with no benefit to the fly, therefore, the offspring of a fly who lives in an environment which has no need for the ability to fly will gradually loose their wings in order to retain more energy and function more efficiently. This is evolution through environmental adaptedness.Many species share much the same DNA: All living things have DNA molecules that encode all genetic information. Among living things there are similarities and sharing of parts of DNA. This is strong evidence of species evolution. An example of this is the similarity between humans and chimpanzees.Plant and animal cells have almost all of the same structures: Although there are some differences, plant and animal cells share almost all cell structures. This is a strong indication of how life has evolved on our planet.To learn more about species and wings refer to:
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a) two essential components of successful therapy are complete subgingival scaling with root debridement by the dental hygienist and effective daily dental biofilm control by the patient. b) the objective is to eliminate or at least suppress the pathologic microorganisms in the subgingival area to promote healing and hence control the infection. group of answer choices statement a is true and statement b is false. statement a is false and statement b is true. both statements are true. both statements are false.
Both claims are True - Deep, difficult-to-access pockets, overhangs, inadequate crown margins, and calculus that retains plaque are all major causes of recurrent illness.
Most of the time, a complete periodontal debridement performed under local anesthesia is sufficient to halt disease progression and improve the clinical signs and symptoms of an active illness.
However, further pharmacotherapeutic treatments should be taken into consideration if clinical symptoms of disease activity, such as increased pocket depths, loss of attachment, and bleeding on probing, continue after comprehensive mechanical therapy.
A dysbiotic inflammatory condition with negative effects on overall health is periodontitis. Insights into the formation and stability of dysbiotic oral microbial populations, which can mediate inflammatory disease at both local and remote locales, have been revealed by recent investigations. The mechanisms of microbial immune subversion that tip the scales from homeostasis to illness in oral or extraoral locales are discussed in this review.
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the n u r s e knows that which organ is primarily responsible for maintaining fluid volume and osmolality? a. liver b. kidneys c. blood vessels d. heart
The kidneys are responsible for maintaining and regulating volume and osmolality.
By adjusting the quantity of sodium and water ejected, the kidneys, in coordination with neurological and endocrine input, control the volume and osmolality of the extracellular fluid. By continuously filtering the blood, the kidneys control the body's fluid and electrolyte balance. This is essential to keep the volume and make-up of osmolality extracellular fluid consistent. This is generally done through modifying salt and water reabsorption, the methods of which vary depending on the segment of the nephron. kidneys adjusting the quantity of sodium and water ejected, the extracellular fluid's volume and osmolality are controlled.
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for a laboratory exercise in class, a student is given a mixture of small pieces of iron, sand, water, and salt. what physical property could be used to best separate the iron from the other ingredients?
Answer:
magnet
Explanation:
magnet attracts the iron
describe the 4 steps you need to perform in order to create a standard curve a protein quantitation using protein standards and the bradford reagent.
Start by serially dilution a known concentration stock solution. You are then given a set of tubes with various but known protein concentrations. Second, add dye to the tubes and let the colour fully emerge.
Measure absorbances and graph them against protein solute concentration, third. Steps 1-2 for preparation and dilution-
We performed a series of dilutions starting with 2 ml of stock albumin solution to produce six tubes with various albumin concentrations (mouse over image to show dilutions).
Step 3: Tubes' Dilution Factors
Each tube held 1 ml of liquid upon dilution. Our tube dilutions were as follows: 1, 100% undiluted stock; 1/2, 50% concentration; 1/4, 25% stock concentration; 1/8, 12.5%; 1/16, 6.25 percent; and 0, pure water without albumin, which we used as our "blank" tube.
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in the euglycemic individual, what percentage of glucose is reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubules?
The proximal convoluted tubule of the kidney reabsorbs almost all of the filtered glucose in a typical euglycemic person.
The sodium glucose secondary active transport occurs in the proximal convoluted tubules, where sodium and glucose are actively reabsorbed.Euglycemic DKA thus presents a difficulty to doctors since patients who arrive with normal blood glucose levels while in ketoacidosis may be disregarded, delaying the use of effective management techniques. In this post, we go through every potential cause of euglycemic DKA as well as the pathophysiology that goes along with it. We also go through how these people should be diagnosed and treated. Despite euglycemia, diabetic patients' ketoacidosis is still a medical emergency that needs to be handled quickly and effectively.To know more about glucose check the below link:
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What are herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizers? how are they alike and how are they different?
Herbicides
A sub-division under Pesticides is herbicides. It is usually referred to as weedkillers, chemicals used to manage undesirable plants or weeds. They are Nonselective herbicides, additionally referred to as overall weedkillers in business products, and may be used to clean waste grounds, business and construction sites, railroads, and railway embankments since they kill all plant material with which they come into contact. Selective herbicides attack specific weed species while leaving the desired crop relatively unscathed.
Pesticides
Pest control agents are compounds known as pesticides. Insecticide, rodenticide, insecticide, microbicide, fungicide, and lampricide are some examples of these. The majority of pesticides are designed to act as crop protection agents, or plant protection products, which often shield plants from weeds, fungi, or insects.
Fertilizers
Any substance of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil or plant tissues to provide plant nutrients is referred to as a fertilizer. It is possible to distinguish fertilizers from liming agents or other non-nutrient soil additives. There are numerous natural and man-made sources of fertilizer. Fertilization for the majority of contemporary agricultural techniques concentrates on the three macronutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), with additions of supplements for micronutrients such as rock dust. Farmers can use a range of methods to apply these fertilizers, including dry, pelletized, or liquid application processes, as well as heavy machinery or manual tools.
Similarities
Herbicides, insecticides, and fertilizers all aid in good plant growth, which is a similarity between them. Pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers aid a plant by killing pathogens and unwanted organisms. They both provide the plants with protection and aid in optimum nutrient absorption. They aid in weed, insect, and pest growth control. Herbicides, Pesticides, and Fertilizers are available in natural form, hence they are bio-degradable.
Differences
Fertilizers provide the plant with the necessary nutrients in both dry and liquid forms. There are both organic and inorganic fertilizers. Plants utilize pesticides to get rid of, avoid, or control pests including snails, slugs, insects, and fungi that cause rots and mildew. Herbicides are substances that are used to control or modify unwelcome vegetation.To increase the number of nutrients in the soil, fertilizers are utilized. Pesticides work by eliminating, stopping, and discouraging hazardous organisms. Herbicides protect plants by eliminating the overgrown weeds in the region.To know more about Pesticides and Fertilizers, please refer to the link below:
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describe the structure of the stomach and indicate changes in the basic alimentary canal structure that aid its digestive function.]
The following describes the stomach's structure: Your stomach's interior lining is called mucosa. Small ridges can be seen in the mucosa of an empty stomach.
The ridges and mucosa flatten and enlarge when your stomach is full. The submucosa is made up of nerve cells, lymphatic vessels, connective tissue, and blood and blood vessels. The mucosa is encased and safeguarded by it.
The main stomach muscle is called the muscularis externa. In order to digest food, its three layers contract and relax. Your stomach's serosa is a layer of membrane. The GI tract's different components each aid in the digestion and passage of food and liquids through the body. Your body absorbs nutrients and water when you're digesting food. Then, through your large intestine, you eliminate the leftovers of digestion.
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urgent!!
In gravitropism, auxin affects the cells in shoots and roots in opposite ways.
How are the two effects different?
OA. In stems, more auxin causes cells to grow longer. In roots, less
auxin causes cells to grow longer.
B. In stems, less auxin causes cells to strengthen. In roots, more
auxin causes cells to strengthen.
C. In stems, less auxin causes cells to shorten. In roots, more auxin
causes cells to shorten.
OD.
stems, more auxin causes cells to grow wider. In roots, less
auxin causes cells to grow wider.
If the root is not developing downwardly vertically, auxin builds up in the lower portions of the root, preventing cell elongation and leading the root to bend toward gravity.
What does 'cell elongation' mean?Any persistent enlargement of cells that have already been created during differentiation will be referred to as elongation. Cell elongation can also be described as any large boost in the cell wall's surface since the size of the a plant is dictated by the size of its surface.
What results in cell lengthening?By encouraging wall loosening by cleaving these connections, auxin lengthens stem and coleoptile cells. New cell membrane polymers may be intercalated in conjunction with this process.
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true or false? parasympathetic rebound occurs as a result of decreased levels of epinephrine secreted from the adrenal medulla.
True. parasympathetic rebound occurs as a result of decreased levels of epinephrine secreted from the adrenal medulla.
The parasympathetic nervous system's delayed (over-)reaction is known as parasympathetic rebound. Throughout intense and/or chronic stress the contrary sympathetic nervous system through the use of the hormones cortisol and catecholamines (like adrenaline) represses the parasympathetic actions.
The sympathetic nervous system generates and conveys yin energy by relaxing the operating of affiliated organs. Acetylcholine from the adrenal medulla stimulates the release of adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, and noradrenaline, also known as norepinephrine.
Epinephrine and norepinephrine (NE) are released into the bloodstream by the adrenal medulla. Epinephrine in the bloodstream stimulates breathing, blood pressure, heart rate, and vasoconstriction, as well as widening bronchioles in the lungs. More blood is directed to the muscles, heart, and other vital organs as a result of these changes.
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the linking together of many molecules of glucose will likely produce in the formation of what?
Answer:
When many glucose molecules are linked together in a long chain, molecules called polysaccharides are formed
polysaccharides (many sugars)
A of isolation in which two populations with complex courtship displays or rituals become
different enough that they no longer respond to the other's actions.
a. Geographic isolation
b. Behavioral isolation
c. Temporal isolation
Answer:
The term you are referring to is behavioral isolation. Behavioral isolation is a type of isolation in which two populations with complex courtship displays or rituals become different enough that they no longer respond to the other's actions. This can occur as a result of geographic or temporal isolation, but it ultimately results in the two populations being unable to mate and reproduce with each other. This can eventually lead to the formation of two distinct species.
Explanation:
suppose that the genome of an organism is 23% adenine (a). what should be true about the organism's genome?
If an organism's genome has 23% adenine and 23% thymine, then this is true. DNA, commonly referred to as deoxyribonucleic acid, is a biological molecule that is utilized by living cells to store genetic information.
Four nucleotides—adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine—combine to form DNA's structural building blocks. DNA is a molecule of information. Any organism's DNA should include a 1:1 ratio of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides.
According to Erwin Chargaff, the proportions of adenine and guanine, or A-T and G-C, correspondingly, to thymine and cytosine, respectively, are comparable in DNA. The DNA of every species and organism should have an adequate proportion of guanine and cytosine as well as adenine and thymine, according to Chargaff's requirements.
This means that if an organism's genome has 23% adenine (A), it must also include 23% thymine (T).
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although they occupy less than 1% of the global ocean floor, coral reefs are habitat for more than 50% of marine life. question 17 options: true false
True, although they occupy less than 1% of the global ocean floor, coral reefs are habitat for more than 50% of marine life.
Coral reefs are an undeniably vital a part of the sea. even though these ecosystems most effective occupy zero.01% of the ocean floor, they guide 25% of all marine lifestyles, imparting important habitat for a myriad of fish and invertebrate species.
The style of species residing on a coral reef is greater than in some other shallow-water marine surroundings, making reefs one of the maximum various ecosystems on the planet. protecting less than one percentage of the sea floor, coral reefs assist an predicted 25 percent of all acknowledged marine species.
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what is the role of sequences of three nucleotides in the genetic code? . what is the role of sequences of three nucleotides in the genetic code? . code for one or more bases in mrna signal the end of dna synthesis code for amino acids signal the start of rna synthesis signal the start of dna synthesis
Answer & Explanation:
In the genetic code, sequences of three nucleotides, called codons, serve as the code for amino acids. Each codon represents a specific amino acid, and when these codons are read in the correct order, they specify the sequence of amino acids in a protein. Codons also have other roles in the genetic code, such as signaling the start and end of transcription and translation. For example, the codon AUG signals the start of transcription, while the codon UAG signals the end of translation.
Broadly speaking, how accurate are predictions of an individual’s various characteristics based on their genome sequence?
Answer:
Highly accurate, since the genotype controls the phenotype Not accurate at all, because many traits are complex and because there are unknowns about the environment any individual has been exposed to Somewhere in-between "highly accurate"
Explanation:
Order the steps that occur as a protein is synthesized within a cell and finally excreted for use outside of the cell.
Answer:
1. The protein is synthesized within the cell using the information in the cell's DNA.
2. The protein is folded into its final shape.
3. The protein is transported to the cell membrane.
4. The protein is excreted from the cell, typically with the help of special protein-transporting molecules.
5. The protein is now outside of the cell and can be used for its intended purpose.
Explanation:
Which type of inheritance is described here? a mutation in one gene results in heart problems, blurred vision and the inability to digest milk.
A mutation in one gene results in heart problems, blurred vision and the inability to digest milk is Pleiotropy which one gene results in heart problems, blurred vision and the inability to digest milk. Sex-linked traits can be described as a gene on chromosome 2 in mice that can cause males to lose hair earlier than females.
Pleiotropy refers to the expression of multiple traits by a single gene. These expressed features may or may not be related. Pleitropy was first noticed by the geneticist Gregor Mendel, who is known for his famous studies with pea plants. Mendel noticed that the color of a plant's flower (white or purple) was always related to the color of the leaf axil (the area on a plant stem consisting of the angle between the leaf and the top of the stem) and the seed coat.
The study of pleitropic genes is important to genetics because it helps us understand how certain traits are associated with genetic diseases. Pleitropy can be spoken of in different forms: gene pleiotropy, developmental pleiotropy, selection pleiotropy, and antagonistic pleiotropy.
This is a condition where one gene in the chromosome affects several traits of the organism. An example of a sex-biased trait is female mice having more hair than males.
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neurotransmitters are released from presynaptic axon terminals into the synaptic cleft by which mechanism?
The neurotransmitters are contained in synaptic vesicles, which are later exocytotically released into the synaptic cleft.
Neurotransmitters mediate neuronal connections with their target tissues throughout the synaptic transmission process (neurotransmission).Nerve terminals create neurotransmitters, which are then released into the synaptic cleft.Neurotransmitters then bind to receptor proteins in the target tissue's cellular membrane. The target tissue that was stimulated, inhibited, or functionally altered in some other way. Acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, serotonin, and histamine are a few of the most important neurotransmitters among the more than 40 found in the human nervous system.Your body cannot operate without chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. They are responsible for transporting chemical "messages" from one neuron (nerve cell) to the subsequent target cell. The following target cell may be a gland, muscle, or another nerve cell.Refer here to know more about synaptic:
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What happens to energy at the top of the food web?
Answer:
At the top of the food web, energy is lost as heat through the process of metabolism. The energy that is contained within the food that an organism consumes is used to power the organism's life processes, such as movement, growth, and reproduction. Some of this energy is also used to maintain the organism's body temperature, and the rest is lost as heat. In this way, energy is passed from one organism to another as it moves up the food web, with each organism taking in energy from the organism below it and losing some of that energy as heat. At the top of the food web, there is a relatively small number of organisms, and therefore the amount of energy that is available to them is limited. As a result, top predators tend to have relatively low metabolic rates, which helps them to conserve energy.
The food web in an ecosystem is a network of interconnected food chains that demonstrates the relationships between species' sources of nutrition.
Species classified as apex predators, which are typically carnivorous animals that prey on other animals, are found at the top of the food chain. These species are crucial in controlling the populations of other species in the ecosystem and preserving the stability of the food chain. The energy that travels down the food chain is ultimately produced by the sun and transformed by plants into chemical energy during the process of photosynthesis.
Energy moves up the food chain and is eventually ingested by apex predators as plants are consumed by herbivores and herbivores are digested by carnivores. When apex predators perish, their energy is subsequently transferred back into the ecosystem through the process of decomposition, which disintegrates their corpses and replenishes the environment with nutrients.
In this way, the energy that moves through the food web is continuously utilized and recycled, ensuring the ecosystem's sustained health and balance.
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Based on the lab results, which organism is most likely causing Tori's new symptoms?
Answer:
Based on the lab results, which organism is most likely causing Tori's new symptoms? Which of the following best explains why Tori developed a new series of symptoms? -Tori's immune system was compromised because of her respiratory infection, and this resulted in a yeast infection.
Explanation:
what is the primary substance contained in the inorganic portion of bone tissue? magnesium magnesium calcium phosphate calcium phosphate collagen collagen iron
Collagen is the primary substance contained in the inorganic portion of bone tissue
The primary structural protein in the extracellular matrix that makes up the many connective tissues of the body is collagen. It makes up between 25% and 35% of the protein in a mammal's entire body and is the basic building block of connective tissue. The collagen helix, a triple helix of an extended fibril made of amino acids, is what makes up collagen. It is mostly present in connective tissue, which includes skin, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, and bones.
The main crystalline hydroxyapatite component of the inorganic component is: [Ca3(PO4)2] 3Ca(OH) 2. Type I collagen, which makes up more than 90% of the organic component of bone, has more than 30 different proteins.
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