Answer:
Calcium has two electrons in its outer shell.
Explanation:
Calcium is defined as a metal due to its physical and chemical traits. The two outer electrons are very reactive. Calcium has a valence of 2.
Thomas and Lilian are walking down the street to get to the corner store. They walk 5 blocks up the street and turn right by the stop sign. Once they turn at the stop sign they continue walking for 8 more blocks. They make a left, walk 2 blocks and cross the street to arrive at the corner store. While there they purchase a few snacks, sit at the curb, and then walk back home where they originally started. Thomas and Lilian are discussing their walk in reference to their overall displacement and distance. They seem to be in disagreement about their journey. Thomas says their overall displacement and distance are both zero, because they are back where they started. Lilian thinks their total distance and displacement are greater than zero.
Which person do you most agree with?
You are not expected to actually calculate in order to solve this problem.
Answer:
Thomas is correct that the zero displacements
Lilian is right that the distance is greater than zero.
Explanation:
In this problem we have to be clear about the difference between displacement and distance.
The displacement is a vector, that is, it has a modulation and direction, in this case we can draw a vector for the outward trip and another vector for the return trip, both will have the same magnitude, but their directions are opposite, so the resulting vector is zero.
The distance is a scalar and its value coincides with the modulus of the distance vector, in our case the distance is d for the outward journey and d for the return journey, so the total distance is 2d, which is different from zero.
The two students have some reason, but neither complete,
The displacement is zero because it is a vector and
the distance is different from zero (2d) because it is a scalar
Thomas is correct that the zero displacements
Lilian is right that the distance is greater than zero.
Therefore I agree with both, because each one has a 50% of the reason
Helium-neon laser light (λ = 6.33 × 10−7 m) is sent through a 0.30 mm-wide single slit. What is the width of the central maximum on a screen 1.0 m from the slit?
Answer:
The width is [tex]w_c = 0.00422 \ m[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The wavelength is [tex]\lambda = 6.33*10^{-7} \ m[/tex]
The width of the slit is [tex]d = 0.3\ mm = 0.3 *10^{-3} \ m[/tex]
The distance of the screen is [tex]D = 1.0 \ m[/tex]
Generally the central maximum is mathematically represented as
[tex]w_c = 2 * y[/tex]
Here y is the width of the first order maxima which is mathematically represented as
[tex]y = \frac{\lambda * D}{d}[/tex]
substituting values
[tex]y = \frac{6.33*10^{-7} * 1.0}{ 0.30}[/tex]
[tex]y = 0.00211 \ m[/tex]
So
[tex]w_c = 2 *0.00211[/tex]
[tex]w_c = 0.00422 \ m[/tex]
A roller coaster starts from rest at its highest point and then descends on its (frictionless) track. Its speed is 26 m/s when it reaches ground level. What was its speed when its height was half that of its starting point?
Answer:
The velocity is [tex]v_h = 19.2 \ m/s[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The speed of the roller coaster at ground level is [tex]v = 26 \ m/s[/tex]
Generally we can define the roller coaster speed at ground level using the an equation of motion as
[tex]v^2 = u^2 + 2 g s[/tex]
u is zero given that the roller coaster started from rest
So
[tex]26^2 = 0 + 2 * g * s[/tex]
So
[tex]s = \frac{26^2}{ 2 * g }[/tex]
=> [tex]s = 37.6 \ m[/tex]
Now the displacement half way is mathematically represented as
[tex]s_{h} = \frac{37.6}{2}[/tex]
[tex]s_{h} = 18.8 \ m[/tex]
So
[tex]v_h ^2 = u^2 + 2 * g * s_h[/tex]
Where [tex]v_h[/tex] is the velocity at the half way point
=> [tex]v_h = \sqrt{ 0 + 2 * 9.8 * 18.8 }[/tex]
=> [tex]v_h = 19.2 \ m/s[/tex]
Consider a wire of a circular cross-section with a radius of R = 3.17 mm. The magnitude of the current density is modeled as J = cr2 = 9.00 ✕ 106 A/m4 r2. What is the current (in A) through the inner section of the wire from the center to r = 0.5R?
Answer:
The current is [tex]I = 8.9 *10^{-5} \ A[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The radius is [tex]r = 3.17 \ mm = 3.17 *10^{-3} \ m[/tex]
The current density is [tex]J = c\cdot r^2 = 9.00*10^{6} \ A/m^4 \cdot r^2[/tex]
The distance we are considering is [tex]r = 0.5 R = 0.001585[/tex]
Generally current density is mathematically represented as
[tex]J = \frac{I}{A }[/tex]
Where A is the cross-sectional area represented as
[tex]A = \pi r^2[/tex]
=> [tex]J = \frac{I}{\pi r^2 }[/tex]
=> [tex]I = J * (\pi r^2 )[/tex]
Now the change in current per unit length is mathematically evaluated as
[tex]dI = 2 J * \pi r dr[/tex]
Now to obtain the current (in A) through the inner section of the wire from the center to r = 0.5R we integrate dI from the 0 (center) to point 0.5R as follows
[tex]I = 2\pi \int\limits^{0.5 R}_{0} {( 9.0*10^6A/m^4) * r^2 * r} \, dr[/tex]
[tex]I = 2\pi * 9.0*10^{6} \int\limits^{0.001585}_{0} {r^3} \, dr[/tex]
[tex]I = 2\pi *(9.0*10^{6}) [\frac{r^4}{4} ] | \left 0.001585} \atop 0}} \right.[/tex]
[tex]I = 2\pi *(9.0*10^{6}) [ \frac{0.001585^4}{4} ][/tex]
substituting values
[tex]I = 2 * 3.142 * 9.00 *10^6 * [ \frac{0.001585^4}{4} ][/tex]
[tex]I = 8.9 *10^{-5} \ A[/tex]
Suppose you observed the equation for a traveling wave to be y(x, t) = A cos(kx − ????t), where its amplitude of oscillations was 0.15 m, its wavelength was two meters, and the period was 2/15 s. If a point on the wave at a specific time has a displacement of 0.12 m, what is the transverse speed of that point?
Answer:
15m/sExplanation:
The equation for a traveling wave as expressed as y(x, t) = A cos(kx − [tex]\omega[/tex]t) where An is the amplitude f oscillation, [tex]\omega[/tex] is the angular velocity and x is the horizontal displacement and y is the vertical displacement.
From the formula; [tex]k =\frac{2\pi x}{\lambda} \ and \ \omega = 2 \pi f[/tex] where;
[tex]\lambda \ is\ the \ wavelength \ and\ f \ is\ the\ frequency[/tex]
Before we can get the transverse speed, we need to get the frequency and the wavelength.
frequency = 1/period
Given period = 2/15 s
Frequency = [tex]\frac{1}{(2/15)}[/tex]
frequency = 1 * 15/2
frequency f = 15/2 Hertz
Given wavelength [tex]\lambda[/tex] = 2m
Transverse speed [tex]v = f \lambda[/tex]
[tex]v = 15/2 * 2\\\\v = 30/2\\\\v = 15m/s[/tex]
Hence, the transverse speed at that point is 15m/s
Which of the following describes wavelength?
A.
the height of a wave
B.
the distance between crests of adjacent waves
C.
the distance a wave travels in a given amount of time
D.
the number of waves that pass a point in a given amount of time
A rope, under a tension of 153 N and fixed at both ends, oscillates in a second-harmonic standing wave pattern. The displacement of the rope is given by . where at one end of the rope, is in meters, and is in seconds. What are (a) the length of the rope, (b) the speed of the waves on the rope, and (c) the mass of the rope? (d) If the rope oscillates in a third-harmonic standing wave pattern, what will be the period of oscillation?
Complete question is;
A rope, under a tension of 153 N and fixed at both ends, oscillates in a second harmonic standing wave pattern. The displacement of the rope is given by
y = (0.15 m) sin[πx/3] sin[12π t].
where x = 0 at one end of the rope, x is in meters, and t is in seconds. What are (a) the length of the rope, (b) the speed of the waves on the rope, and (c)the mass of the rope? (d) If the rope oscillates in a third - harmonic standing wave pattern, what will be the period of oscillation?
Answer:
A) Length of rope = 4 m
B) v = 24 m/s
C) m = 1.0625 kg
D) T = 0.11 s
Explanation:
We are given;
T = 153 N
y = (0.15 m) sin[πx/3] sin[12πt]
Comparing this displacement equation with general waveform equation, we have;
k = 2π/λ = π/2 rad/m
ω = 2πf = 12π rad/s
Since, 2π/λ = π/2
Thus,wavelength; λ = 4 m
Since, 2πf = 12π
Frequency;f = 6 Hz
A) We are told the rope oscillates in a second-harmonic standing wave pattern. So, we will use the equation;
λ = 2L/n
Since second harmonic, n = 2 and λ = L = 4 m
Length of rope = 4 m
B) speed is given by the equation;
v = fλ = 6 × 4
v = 24 m/s
C) To calculate the mass, we will use;
v = √T/μ
Where μ = mass(m)/4
Thus;
v = √(T/(m/4))
Making m the subject;
m = 4T/v²
m = (4 × 153)/24²
m = 1.0625 kg
D) Now, the rope oscillates in a third harmonic.
So n = 3.
Using the formula f = 1/T = nv/2L
T = 2L/nv
T = (2 × 4)/(3 × 24)
T = 0.11 s
A student is hammering a nail into a board. Where should he hold the hammer and why?
Answer:
At the end of the handle farthest from the head of the hammer.
Explanation:
The force of the hammer is greatest the longer the radius is on a which would be the length of the handle. Simple mechanical advantage.
If you wanted to make your own lenses for a telescope, what features of a lens do you think would affect the images that you can see
Answer:
Therefore the characteristics to be found are:
* the focal length must be large and the focal length of the eyepiece must be small
* The diameter of the objective lens should be as large as possible, to be able to collect small without need from light
* The system must be configured to the far sight tip,
Explanation:
The length of the telescope is
L = f_ocular + f_objetive
the magnification of the telescope is
m = - f_objective / f_ocular
These are the two equations that describe the behavior of the telescope. Therefore the characteristics to be found are:
* the focal length must be large and the focal length of the eyepiece must be small
* The diameter of the objective lens should be as large as possible, to be able to collect small without need from light
* The system must be configured to the far sight tip,
The magnitude of the Poynting vector of a planar electromagnetic wave has an average value of 0.724 W/m2. What is the maximum value of the magnetic field in the wave
Answer:
7.78x10^-8T
Explanation:
The Pointing Vector S is
S = (1/μ0) E × B
at any instant, where S, E, and B are vectors. Since E and B are always perpendicular in an EM wave,
S = (1/μ0) E B
where S, E and B are magnitudes. The average value of the Pointing Vector is
<S> = [1/(2 μ0)] E0 B0
where E0 and B0 are amplitudes. (This can be derived by finding the rms value of a sinusoidal wave over an integer number of wavelengths.)
Also at any instant,
E = c B
where E and B are magnitudes, so it must also be true at the instant of peak values
E0 = c B0
Substituting for E0,
<S> = [1/(2 μ0)] (c B0) B0 = [c/(2 μ0)] (B0)²
Solve for B0.
Bo = √ (0.724x2x4πx10^-7/ 3 x10^8)
= 7.79 x10 ^-8 T
A lab technician uses laser light with a wavelength of 650 nmnm to test a diffraction grating. When the grating is 42.0 cmcm from the screen, the first-order maxima appear 6.09 cmcm from the center of the pattern. How many lines per millimeter does this grating have?
Answer:
221 lines per millimetre
Explanation:
We know that for a diffraction grating, dsinθ =mλ where d = spacing between grating, θ = angle to maximum, m = order of maximum and λ = wavelength of light.
Since the grating is 42.0 cm from the screen and its first order maximum (m = 1) is at 6.09 cm from the center of the pattern,
tanθ = 6.09 cm/42.0 cm = 0.145
From trig ratios, cot²θ + 1 = cosec²θ
cosecθ = √((1/tanθ)² + 1) = √((1/0.145)² + 1) = √48.562 = 6.969
sinθ = 1/cosecθ = 1/6.969 = 0.1435
Also, sinθ = mλ/d at the first-order maximum, m = 1. So
sinθ = (1)λ/d = λ/d
Equating both expressions we have
0.1435 = λ/d
d = λ/0.1435
Now, λ = 650 nm = 650 × 10⁻⁹ m
d = 650 × 10⁻⁹ m/0.1435
d = 4529.62 × 10⁻⁹ m per line
d = 4.52962 × 10⁻⁶ m per line
d = 0.00452962 × 10⁻³ m per line
d = 0.00452962 mm per line
Since d = width of grating/number of lines of grating
Then number of lines per millimetre = 1/grating spacing
= 1/0.00452962
= 220.77 lines per millimetre
≅ 221 lines per millimetre since we can only have a whole number of lines.
A sinusoidal voltage Δv = (100 V) sin (170t) is applied to a series RLC circuit with L = 40 mH, C = 130 μF, and R = 50 Ω.
Required:
a. What is the impedance of the circuit?
b. What is the maximum current in the circuit?
Answer:
See attached file
Explanation:
Rank these electromagnetic waves on the basis of their speed (in vacuum). Rank from fastest to slowest.
a. Yellow light
b. FM radio wave
c. Green light
d. X-ray
e. AM radio wave
f. Infrared wave
Answer:
From fastest speed to slowest speed, the electromagnetic waves are ranked as(up to down):
d. X-ray
c. Green light
a. Yellow light
f. Infrared wave
b. FM radio wave
e. AM radio wave
Explanation:
Electromagnetic waves are waves produced as a result of vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field. The waves have three properties and these properties are frequency, speed and wavelength, which are related by the relationship below
V = Fλ
where:\
V = speed (velocity)
F = frequency
λ = wavelength.
From the relationship above, it is seen that the speed of a wave is directly proportional to its frequency. The higher the frequency, the higher the speed. Therefore, from the list given, the waves with the highest to lowest frequencies/ from left to right are:
X-ray (3×10¹⁹ Hz to 3×10¹⁶Hz), Green light (5.66×10¹⁴Hz), Yellow light (5.17×10¹⁴Hz), Infrared wave (3×10¹¹Hz), FM radio wave (10.8×10⁸Hz to 8.8×10⁷Hz), AM radio wave (1.72 × 10⁶Hz to 5.5×10⁵Hz).
This corresponds to the speed from highest to lowest from left to right.
An emf is induced by rotating a 1060 turn, 20.0 cm diameter coil in the Earth's 5.25 ✕ 10−5 T magnetic field. What average emf (in V) is induced, given the plane of the coil is originally perpendicular to the Earth's field and is rotated to be parallel to the field in 10.0 ms? V †
Answer:
The average emf induced in the coil is 175 mV
Explanation:
Given;
number of turns of the coil, N = 1060 turns
diameter of the coil, d = 20.0 cm = 0.2 m
magnitude of the magnetic field, B = 5.25 x 10⁻⁵ T
duration of change in field, t = 10 ms = 10 x 10⁻³ s
The average emf induced in the coil is given by;
[tex]E = N\frac{\delta \phi}{dt} \\\\E = N\frac{\delta B}{\delta t}A[/tex]
where;
A is the area of the coil
A = πr²
r is the radius of the coil = 0.2 /2 = 0.1 m
A = π(0.1)² = 0.03142 m²
[tex]E = \frac{NBA}{t} \\\\E = \frac{1060*5.25*10^{-5}*0.03142}{10*10^{-3}} \\\\E = 0.175 \ V\\\\E = 175 \ mV[/tex]
Therefore, the average emf induced in the coil is 175 mV
Krishna and Seldon now try a homework problem. A policeman sitting in his unmarked police car sees an approaching motorcyclist go through a red light two blocks away. He turns on his siren at a frequency of 1000 Hz as the motorcyclist heads directly toward him at 61 mph (27.27 m/s). What frequency does the motorcyclist hear? (Enter your answer to at least the nearest integer. Assume the speed of sound in air is 331 m/s.) Hz What frequency does the motorcyclist hear when stopped with the police car approaching at 61 mph (27.27 m/s)? (Enter your answer to at least the nearest integer. Assume the speed of sound in air is 331 m/s.) Hz
Answer:
Explanation:
We shall apply formula of Doppler's effect
Here source is fixed and observer is approaching the source
f = f₀ x [(V + v ) / V ]
f₀ is original and f is apparent frequency , V is velocity of sound and v is velocity of motorcyclist .
f = 1000 x [(331 + 27.27 ) / 331 ]
= 1082 .4 Hz
This is the frequency heard by motorcyclist .
When police car is approaching him when he is stopped
f = f₀ x [V /(V - v ) ]
v is velocity of police car .
= 1000 x 331 / (331 - 27.27)
= 1090 Hz
A soccer ball of mass 0.4 kg is moving horizontally with a speed of 20 m/s when it is kicked by a player. The kicking force is so large that the ball flies up at an angle of 30 degrees above the ground. The player however claims (s)he aimed her/his foot at a 40 degree angle above the ground. Calculate the average kicking force magnitude and the final speed of the ball, if you are given that the foot was in contact with the ball for one hundredth of a second.
Answer:
v_{f} = 74 m/s, F = 230 N
Explanation:
We can work on this exercise using the relationship between momentum and moment
I = ∫ F dt = Δp
bold indicates vectors
we can write this equations in its components
X axis
Fₓ t = m ( -v_{xo})
Y axis
t = m (v_{yf} - v_{yo})
in this case with the ball it travels horizontally v_{yo} = 0
Let's use trigonometry to write the final velocities and the force
sin 30 = v_{yf} / vf
cos 30 = v_{xf} / vf
v_{yf} = vf sin 30
v_{xf} = vf cos 30
sin40 = F_{y} / F
F_{y} = F sin 40
cos 40 = Fₓ / F
Fₓ = F cos 40
let's substitute
F cos 40 t = m ( cos 30 - vₓ₀)
F sin 40 t = m (v_{f} sin 30-0)
we have two equations and two unknowns, so the system can be solved
F cos 40 0.1 = 0.4 (v_{f} cos 30 - 20)
F sin 40 0.1 = 0.4 v_{f} sin 30
we clear fen the second equation and subtitles in the first
F = 4 sin30 /sin40 v_{f}
F = 3.111 v_{f}
(3,111 v_{f}) cos 40 = 4 v_{f} cos 30 - 80
v_{f} (3,111 cos 40 -4 cos30) = - 80
v_{f} (- 1.0812) = - 80
v_{f} = 73.99
v_{f} = 74 m/s
now we can calculate the force
F = 3.111 73.99
F = 230 N
hat a 15 kg body is pulled along a horizontal fictional table by a force of 4N what is the acceleration of the body
Answer:
Acceleration of the body is:
[tex]a=0.27\,\,m/s^2[/tex]
Explanation:
Use Newton's second Law to solve for the acceleration:
[tex]F=m\,\,a\\a=\frac{F}{m} \\a=\frac{4\,N}{15\,\,kg} \\a=0.27\,\,m/s^2[/tex]
The accommodation limits for a nearsighted person's eyes are 20.0 cm and 82.0 cm. When he wears his glasses, he can see faraway objects clearly. At what minimum distance is he able to see objects clearly
Answer;
26.45cm
See attached file for explanation
For exercise, an athlete lifts a barbell that weighs 400 N from the ground to a height of 2.0 m in a time of 1.6 s. Assume the efficiency of the human body is 25%, and that he lifts the barbell at a constant speed. Show all work and include proper unit for your final answer.
a) In applying the energy equation (ΔK + ΔUg + ΔUs + ΔEch + ΔEth = W) to the system consisting of the earth, the barbell, and the athlete,
1. Which terms (if any) are positive?
2. Which terms (if any) are negative?
3. Which terms (if any) are zero?
b) Determine the energy output by the athlete in SI unit.
c) Determine his metabolic power in SI unit.
d) Another day he performs the same task in 1.2 s.
1. Is the metabolic energy that he expends more, less, or the same?
2. Is his metabolic power more, less, or the same?
Answer:
Explanation:
(ΔK + ΔUg + ΔUs + ΔEch + ΔEth = W)
ΔK is increase in kinetic energy . As the athelete is lifting the barbell at constant speed change in kinetic energy is zero .
ΔK = 0
ΔUg is change in potential energy . It will be positive as weight is being lifted so its potential energy is increasing .
ΔUg = positive
ΔUs is change in the potential energy of sportsperson . It is zero since there is no change in the height of athlete .
ΔUs = 0
ΔEth is change in the energy of earth . Here earth is doing negative work . It is so because it is exerting force downwards and displacement is upwards . Hence it is doing negative work . Hence
ΔEth = negative .
b )
work done by athlete
= 400 x 2 = 800 J
energy output = 800 J
c )
It is 25% of metabolic energy output of his body
so metalic energy output of body
= 4x 800 J .
3200 J
power = energy output / time
= 3200 / 1.6
= 2000 W .
d )
1 ) Since he is doing same amount of work , his metabolic energy output is same as that in earlier case .
2 ) Since he is doing the same exercise in less time so his power is increased . Hence in the second day his power is more .
A) Applying the energy equation
The positive terms is : ΔUg The negative terms is : ΔEth The zero term are : ΔK and ΔUsB) The energy output by the athlete is ; 800 Joules
C) The metabolic power is : 2000 w
D) When he performs the task in 1.2 s
The metabolic energy he expends is : the same His metabolic power is : moreGiven data :
Weight of barbell = 400 N
Height = 2.0 m
Time = 1.6 secs
efficiency of the human body = 25%
Speed = constant
A) From the energy equation the ΔK is zero because the athlete is lifting the barbell at a constant speed. ΔUg is positive because as the weight is lifted its potential energy increases. ΔEth ( change in energy of earth ) is negative because it exerts a force in opposite direction to displacement
B) Determine the energy output of the athlete
weight of barbell * Height = 400 * 2 = 800 J
C) Determine the metabolic power
Metabolic power = energy output / Time
where ; energy output = 4 * 800 = 3200
∴ Metabolic power = 3200 / 1.6
= 2000 w
D) When performs same task at 1.2 s
The metabolic energy he expends is the same and His metabolic power is more
Hence we can conclude that the answers to your questions are as listed above
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At what frequency should a 200-turn, flat coil of cross sectional area of 300 cm2 be rotated in a uniform 30-mT magnetic field to have a maximum value of the induced emf equal to 8.0 V
Answer:
The frequency of the coil is 7.07 Hz
Explanation:
Given;
number of turns of the coil, 200 turn
cross sectional area of the coil, A = 300 cm² = 0.03 m²
magnitude of the magnetic field, B = 30 mT = 0.03 T
Maximum value of the induced emf, E = 8 V
The maximum induced emf in the coil is given by;
E = NBAω
Where;
ω is angular frequency = 2πf
E = NBA(2πf)
f = E / 2πNBA
f = (8) / (2π x 200 x 0.03 x 0.03)
f = 7.07 Hz
Therefore, the frequency of the coil is 7.07 Hz
A battery establishes a voltage V on a parallel-plate capacitor. After the battery is disconnected, the distance between the plates is doubled without loss of charge. Accordingly:_____.
a. stay same
b. increases
c. decreases
d. the capacitance decreases and the voltage between the plates increases.
Answer:
d.
Explanation:
Since, the capacitance( decreases )
therefore voltage between the plates(increases ).
Hence, option d is correct.
C =εA/d.
d is doubled, therefore C decrease ( inverse relation).
D) The capacitance decreases and the voltage between the plates increases.
BatteryA battery establishes a voltage V on a parallel-plate capacitor. After the battery is disconnected, the distance between the plates is doubled without loss of charge. Accordingly, the capacitance decreases and the voltage between the plates increases.
The capacitance - (decreases)
The voltage between the plates- (increases ).
Thus, the correct answer is D.
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Two waves are traveling in the same direction along a stretched string. The waves are 45.0° out of phase. Each wave has an amplitude of 7.00 cm. Find the amplitude of the resultant wave.
Answer:
The amplitude of the resultant wave is 12.93 cm.
Explanation:
The amplitude of resultant of two waves, y₁ and y₂, is given as;
Y = y₁ + y₂
Let y₁ = A sin(kx - ωt)
Since the wave is out phase by φ, y₂ is given as;
y₂ = A sin(kx - ωt + φ)
Y = y₁ + y₂ = 2A Cos (φ / 2)sin(kx - ωt + φ/2 )
Given;
phase difference, φ = 45°
Amplitude, A = 7.00 cm
Y = 2(7) Cos (45 /2) sin(kx - ωt + 22.5° )
Y = 12.93 cm
Therefore, the amplitude of the resultant wave is 12.93 cm.
What is the emf of this cell under standard conditions? Express your answer using three significant figures.
Complete Question
A voltaic cell utilizes the following reaction and operates at 298 K:
3Ce4+(aq)+Cr(s)→3Ce3+(aq)+Cr3+(aq).
What is the emf of this cell under standard conditions? Express your answer using three significant figures.
Answer:
The value is [tex]E^o_{cell} = 2.35 V[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The ionic equation is
[tex]3 Ce^{4 +} _{(aq)} + Cr _{(s)} \to 3 Ce^{3+} _{(aq)} + Cr^{3r} _{(aq)}[/tex]
Now under standard conditions the reduction half reaction is
[tex]Ce^{4+} + e \to Ce^{3+} ; \ \ E^o_r = 1.61 V[/tex]
And the oxidation half reaction is
[tex]Cr^{3+} + 3e^{-} \to Cr ; \ \ \ E^o_o = - 0.74 V[/tex]
The emf of this cell under standard conditions is mathematically represented as
[tex]E^o_{cell} = E^o _r - E^o _o[/tex]
substituting values
[tex]E^o_{cell} = 1.61 - (- 0.74)[/tex]
[tex]E^o_{cell} = 2.35 V[/tex]
Two objects, one of mass m and the other of mass 2m, are dropped from the top of a building. When they hit the ground:_______.
a) the heavier one will have four times the kinetic energy of the lighter one.
b) the heavier one will have twice the kinetic energy of the lighter one.
c) the heavier one will have times the kinetic energy of the lighter one.
d) both of them will have the same kinetic energy.
Answer:
b) the heavier one will have twice the kinetic energy of the lighter one.
Explanation:
The kinetic energy of object with mass, m
K.E₁ = ¹/₂mv²
where;
m is mass of the object
v is the velocity of the object
Since, the two objects are falling under same acceleration due to gravity, their velocity will be increasing at the same rate
The kinetic energy of object with mass, 2m
K.E₂ = ¹/₂(2m)v²
K.E₂ = 2(¹/₂mv²)
BUT K.E₁ = ¹/₂mv²
K.E₂ = 2(K.E₁)
Therefore, the heavier one will have twice the kinetic energy of the lighter one.
b) the heavier one will have twice the kinetic energy of the lighter one.
Q9 A physics book slides off a horizontal tabletop with a speed of 1.10 m/s. It strikes the floor in 0.350s. ignore air resistance. Find (a) the height of the tabletop above the floor; (b) the horizontal distance from the edge of the table to the point where the book strikes the floor; (c) the horizontal and vertical components of the book's velocity, and the magnitude and direction of its velocity, just before the book reaches the floor.
Answer:
(a) 0.613 m
(b) 0.385 m
(c) vₓ = 1.10 m/s, vᵧ = 3.50 m/s
v = 3.68 m/s², θ = 72.6° below the horizontal
Explanation:
(a) Take down to be positive.
Given in the y direction:
v₀ = 0 m/s
a = 10 m/s²
t = 0.350 s
Find: Δy
Δy = v₀ t + ½ at²
Δy = (0 m/s) (0.350 s) + ½ (10 m/s²) (0.350 s)²
Δy = 0.613 m
(b) Given in the x direction:
v₀ = 1.10 m/s
a = 0 m/s²
t = 0.350 s
Find: Δx
Δx = v₀ t + ½ at²
Δx = (1.10 m/s) (0.350 s) + ½ (0 m/s²) (0.350 s)²
Δx = 0.385 m
(c) Find: vₓ and vᵧ
vₓ = aₓt + v₀ₓ
vₓ = (0 m/s²) (0.350 s) + 1.10 m/s
vₓ = 1.10 m/s
vᵧ = aᵧt + v₀ᵧ
vᵧ = (10 m/s²) (0.350 s) + 0 m/s
vᵧ = 3.50 m/s
The magnitude is:
v² = vₓ² + vᵧ²
v = 3.68 m/s²
The direction is:
θ = atan(vᵧ / vₓ)
θ = 72.6° below the horizontal
A 384 Hz tuning fork produces standing waves with a wavelength of 0.90 m inside a resonance tube. The speed of sound at experimental conditions is
Answer:
v = 345.6m/s
Explanation:
v = 384 x 0.9 = 345.6
v = 345.6m/s
The location of a particle is measured with an uncertainty of 0.15 nm. One tries to simultaneously measure the velocity of this particle. What is the minimum uncertainty in the velocity measurement. The mass of the particle is 1.770×10-27 kg
Answer:
198 ms-1
Explanation:
According to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle; it is not possible to simultaneously measure the momentum and position of a particle with precision.
The uncertainty associated with each measurement is given by;
∆x∆p≥h/4π
Where;
∆x = uncertainty in the measurement of position
∆p = uncertainty in the measurement of momentum
h= Plank's constant
But ∆p= mΔv
And;
m= 1.770×10^-27 kg
∆x = 0.15 nm
Making ∆v the subject of the formula;
∆v≥h/m∆x4π
∆v≥ 6.6 ×10^-34/1.770×10^-27 × 1.5×10^-10 ×4×3.142
∆v≥198 ms-1
A solenoid is designed to produce a magnetic field of 3.50×10^−2 T at its center. It has a radius of 1.80 cm and a length of 46.0 cm , and the wire can carry a maximum current of 13.0 A.
Required:
a. What minimum number of turns per unit length must the solenoid have?
b. What total length of wire is required?
Answer:
a. 2143 turns/m
b. 111.5 m
Explanation:
a. The minimum number of turns per unit length (N/L) can be found using the following equation:
[tex] B = \frac{\mu_{0}NI}{L} [/tex]
[tex] \frac{N}{L} = \frac{B}{\mu_{0}I} = \frac{3.50 \cdot 10^{-2} T}{4\pi \cdot 10^{-7} Tm/A*13.0 A} = 2143 turns/m [/tex]
Hence, the minimum number of turns per unit length is 2143 turns/m.
b. The total length of wire is the following:
[tex] N = 2143 turns/m*L = 2143 turns/m*46.0 \cdot 10^{-2} m = 986 turns [/tex]
Since each turn has length 2πr of wire, the total length is:
[tex] L_{T} = N*2\pi r = 986 turn*2*\pi*1.80 \cdot 10^{-2} m = 111.5 m [/tex]
Therefore, the total length of wire required is 111.5 m.
I hope it helps you!
A 1.25-kg ball begins rolling from rest with constant angular acceleration down a hill. If it takes 3.60 s for it to make the first complete revolution, how long will it take to make the next complete revolution?
Answer:
The time taken is [tex]\Delta t = 1.5 \ s[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The mass of the ball is [tex]m = 1.25 \ kg[/tex]
The time taken to make the first complete revolution is t= 3.60 s
The displacement of the first complete revolution is [tex]\theta = 1 rev = 2 \pi \ radian[/tex]
Generally the displacement for one complete revolution is mathematically represented as
[tex]\theta = w_i t + \frac{1}{2} * \alpha * t^2[/tex]
Now given that the stone started from rest [tex]w_i = 0 \ rad / s[/tex]
[tex]2 \pi =0 + 0.5* \alpha *(3.60)^2[/tex]
[tex]\alpha = 0.9698 \ s[/tex]
Now the displacement for two complete revolution is
[tex]\theta_2 = 2 * 2\pi[/tex]
[tex]\theta_2 = 4\pi[/tex]
Generally the displacement for two complete revolution is mathematically represented as
[tex]4 \pi = 0 + 0.5 * 0.9698 * t^2[/tex]
=> [tex]t^2 = 25.9187[/tex]
=> [tex]t= 5.1 \ s[/tex]
So
The time taken to complete the next oscillation is mathematically evaluated as
[tex]\Delta t = t_2 - t[/tex]
substituting values
[tex]\Delta t = 5.1 - 3.60[/tex]
[tex]\Delta t = 1.5 \ s[/tex]
The time for the ball to complete the next revolution is 1.5 s.
The given parameters;
mass of the ball, m = 1.25 kgtime of motion, t = 3.6 sone complete revolution, θ = 2πThe constant angular acceleration of the ball is calculated as follows;
[tex]\theta = \omega t \ + \ \frac{1}{2} \alpha t^2\\\\2\pi = 0 \ + \ 0.5(3.6)^2 \alpha\\\\2\pi = 6.48 \alpha \\\\\alpha = \frac{2 \pi }{6.48} \\\\\alpha = 0.97 \ rad/s^2[/tex]
The time to complete the next revolution is calculated as follows;
[tex]4\pi = 0 + \frac{1}{2} (0.97)t^2\\\\8\pi = 0.97t^2\\\\t^2 = \frac{8\pi }{0.97} \\\\t^2 = 25.91\\\\t = \sqrt{ 25.91} \\\\t = 5.1 \ s[/tex]
[tex]\Delta t = 5.1 \ s \ - \ 3.6 \ s \\\\\Delta t = 1.5 \ s[/tex]
Thus, the time for the ball to complete the next revolution is 1.5 s.
Learn more here:https://brainly.com/question/20738528
A 120-V rms voltage at 60.0 Hz is applied across an inductor, a capacitor, and a resistor in series. If the peak current in this circuit is 0.8484 A, what is the impedance of this circuit?
A) 200 Ω
B) 141 Ω
C) 20.4 Ω
D) 120 Ω
E) 100 Ω
Answer:A 200
Explanation:
Vp=1.41*Vrms
Vp=169.7 v
Z=Vp/Ip
Z=169.7/.8484
Z=200.03 ohm
