How to isolate a single heartbeat in audio using the Librosa library?


We have collected various samples of heartbeat data with different cardiovascular diseases. Some examples of our dataset are uploaded here.


We would like to use Librosa to identify the starting/ending point of each heartbeat in the file. The goal, in the end, is to create a program that will take in a heartbeat file, and and output just one beat. What would be the best way to go about it?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

To isolate a single heartbeat in audio using the Librosa library, you can follow these steps:

Load the audio file into memory using the librosa.load() function. This function returns a tuple of the audio data as a NumPy array and the sample rate of the audio.

Use the librosa.onset.onset_detect() function to detect the onsets (i.e., the starting points) of the heartbeats in the audio data. This function returns a NumPy array of frame indices where onsets were detected.

Use the librosa.frames_to_samples() function to convert the frame indices to sample indices. This will give you the sample indices in the audio data where the heartbeats start.

Identify the sample indices where the heartbeats end by finding the difference between the starting indices of successive heartbeats. You can do this by subtracting the starting indices of the heartbeats from one another.

Use the NumPy slicing operator (i.e., []) to extract the samples corresponding to a single heartbeat from the audio data. For example, to extract the samples corresponding to the first heartbeat, you can use the following code:

Answer 2

To isolate a single heartbeat in audio using the Librosa library, you can follow these steps:

Load the audio file into memory using the load function. Use the onset detect function to detect the onsets (i.e., the starting points) of the heartbeats in the audio data. Use the frames to sample function to convert the frame indices to sample indices. Identify the sample indices where the heartbeats end by finding the difference between the starting indices of successive heartbeats. Use the slicing operator to extract the samples corresponding to a single heartbeat from the audio data.

What is a heartbeat?

A heartbeat is a two-part pumping action that lasts approximately one second.

The load function returns a tuple of the audio data as a  array and the sample rate of the audio.

The onset detect function returns a  array of frame indices where onsets were detected.

The frames to samples() function will give you the sample indices in the audio data where the heartbeats start. Then, you can identify the sample indices by subtracting the starting indices of the heartbeats from one another.

Therefore, the process of isolating a single heartbeat in audio using the Librosa library is described.

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Related Questions

tim an it technician has implement identification and detection techniqeues based on the ability to distinguish legitimate traffic

Answers

According to the provided statement, he is attempting to safeguard the network for IDS evasions.

What distinguishes a technician?

According to the definitions, technicians are experts or trained in the practical parts of their profession, they use information in a practical way, they use their practical experience to solve issues that are also practical, and their knowledge is practical.

Is being a tech a skill?

The precise technical and soft skills that IT technicians need to master in order to thrive in their occupations are known as IT technician skills. Digital hard skills are vital because the majority of IT professionals are accountable for software and hardware upkeep as well as computer installs and repairs.

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The complete question is-

Robin, an IT technician, has implemented identification and detection techniques based on the ability to distinguish legitimate traffic from illegitimate traffic over the network. Which of the following is he trying to achieve?

_____ are used to associate a style sheet or style rule with a specific device or list of device features. a)Flexible layouts b)Responsive images c)Viewports d)Media queries

Answers

Media queries are used to associate a style sheet or style rule with a specific device or list of device features.

What is Media queries ?CSS 3's media queries feature enables content rendering to adjust to various circumstances, like as screen resolution (e.g. mobile and desktop screen size). In June 2012, the W3C suggested standard was established, and it is a key technology for responsive web design (RWD).The first draught of media queries appeared in Hkon Wium Lie's CSS proposal in 1994, but they were not included in CSS 1. A historical example of how media queries can be added in the future is the HTML4 Recommendation from 1997. W3C began working on media queries and another device support scheme called CC/PP in 2000. Both approaches deal with the same issue, however CC/PP is server-focused, whereas media queries are browser-focused.

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The default view that PowerPoint opens in is called ____ view.
a. Slide
b. Normal
c. Standard
d. Edit

Answers

Correct answer:- (b) Normal

The default view that PowerPoint opens in is called the normal view.

What is a default view sometimes known as?

The Normal view in PowerPoint is the default view. The normal view is the one in which we may format, add slides, and modify.

Which slide in PowerPoint is the default?

When you create a new presentation, by default, a Title slide will be added since Micro-soft believes that the first slide in your presentation should be for the title. Two text boxes can be included on a title slide.

What makes it a default?

When a borrower ceases making the required payments on a loan, a default happens. Whether the debt is secured, like a mortgage secured by real estate, or unsecured, like credit cards or student loans, defaults can happen.

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the use of simulation in competitive situations such as military games and business games is known as .

Answers

The use of simulation in competitive situations such as military games and business games is known as  Monte Carlo methods.

What is Monte Carlo methods?In order to get numerical results, a large family of computational techniques known as "Monte Carlo procedures" or "Monte Carlo experiments" uses repeated random sampling. The fundamental idea is to employ randomness in order to find solutions to issues that, in theory, might be solved deterministically. They are frequently applied to mathematical and physical issues, and they are most helpful when using other ways is challenging or impossible. Creating draws from a probability distribution, numerical integration, and optimization are the three problem types where Monte Carlo methods are most frequently applied.Monte Carlo methods are helpful for simulating systems with numerous connected degrees of freedom, such as fluids, disordered materials, strongly coupled solids, and cellular structures, in physics-related problems (see cellular Potts model, interacting particle systems, McKean–Vlasov processes, kinetic models of gases).

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Programs that perform business functions, such as general ledger and accounting, are examples of ________.a) application softwareb) system softwarec) firmwared) operating systems

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Applications software includes, for instance, general ledger and accounting programs that carry out business operations.

What is software for application systems? Examples of application software include programs that carry out administrative tasks like general ledger and accounting.A particular kind of computer program called application software carries out particular professional, academic, and personal tasks.Each program is made to help users of it do a range of tasks, some of which might be connected to productivity, creativity, or communication.Accounting, purchasing, project management, risk management and compliance, and supply chain management are just a few of the everyday business tasks that are managed by firms using enterprise resource planning (ERP) software.An illustration of application software is shown below:Spreadsheet, presentation, word processing, and multimedia software are just a few examples of the types of software available.Business software that is frequently used:Desktop publishing applications, asset management software, billing software, payroll software, asset accounting software, and word processing software.

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Write a short note on the following in Microsoft Excel

1). MAX FUNCTION.
2). MIN FUNCTION.
3). AVERAGE FUNCTION.
4). INT FUNCTION
5). POWER FUNCTION ​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

1). The MAX function in Microsoft Excel is used to find the maximum value in a range of cells. For example, if you have a range of cells A1:A10 containing a set of numbers, you can use the formula "=MAX(A1:A10)" to find the maximum value in that range.

2). The MIN function in Microsoft Excel is used to find the minimum value in a range of cells. It works in a similar way to the MAX function, but returns the minimum value instead of the maximum value.

3). The AVERAGE function in Microsoft Excel is used to calculate the average of a set of values. It takes a range of cells as input and returns the mean of the values in that range.

4). The INT function in Microsoft Excel is used to round a number down to the nearest integer. It takes a number as input and returns the integer part of the number.

5). The POWER function in Microsoft Excel is used to calculate the value of a number raised to a certain power. It takes two arguments: the base number and the exponent. For example, the formula "=POWER(2,3)" returns 8, because 2 raised to the power of 3 is 8.

the parallelism of a multithreaded computation is the maximum possible speedup that can be achieved on any number of processors

Answers

The greatest speedup that any number of processors may achieve is the parallelism T1/T8. For any number of processors more than the parallelism T1/T8, perfect linear speedup cannot be achieved.

What does a computation that uses several threads do?

The overall amount of time needed to complete a multithreaded computation on a single processor is called the work. Therefore, the work is an accounting of the total time spent on each thread.

What does a parallel computer accomplish?

The total quantity of computing effort that is completed is referred to as work in physics. With P processors, an ideal parallel computer can complete up to P units of work in one time step.

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distributed file system (dfs) is a role service under the file and storage services role that enables you to group shares from different servers into a single logical share called a namespace. T/FTrue

Answers

A distributed file system allows you to combine shares from multiple servers into a single logical share known as a namespace, So the given statement is true.

What is distributed file system?A distributed file system (DFS) is a file system that allows clients to access file storage from multiple hosts over a computer network in the same way that they would access local storage. Files are distributed across multiple storage servers and locations, allowing users to share data and storage resources.The Distributed File System (DFS) functions enable the logical grouping of shares across multiple servers and the transparent linking of shares into a single hierarchical namespace. DFS uses a tree-like structure to organize shared resources on a network.They can be implemented using one of two DFS methods, which are as follows: DFS namespace on its own. DFS namespace that is domain-based.It entails conducting exhaustive searches of all nodes and, if possible, moving forward and backtrack if necessary.

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Your friend is trying out your new password generator program. She wants to know how it works. How would you explain it to her? Keep in mind that she does not know Python code. Make sure to use good communication techniques.

k12

Answers

The program generates a password by using a dice. That specific dice is filled with billions of strong password combinations. You roll that die and it would land on a combination with a strong password that is easy to remember and that you can use to safely secure your accounts.

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You can use anything as an example like food, air, etc.

I hope this helps

you wish to determine the total number of orders (column c) placed by all salespeople (names). what excel formula would be best to use.

Answers

The COUNTIF function will tally the number of cells that satisfy a particular requirement.

How do I utilize Excel's Countifs for text?

In Excel, there is a built-in function called COUNTIFS that counts cells in a range according to one or more true or false conditions. The following is typed: =COUNTIFS(criteria range1, criteria range1, [criteria range2, criteria2],...)

What is an example of Countifs?

Cells with dates, numbers, or text can all be counted using this technique. For instance, COUNTIF(A1:A10,"Trump") counts the number of cells that have the word "Trump" in them. the latter counts the values in a single range based on a single condition. read more function.

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Chinh wants to have a program print “Sorry, but that isn’t one of your options” until the user enters the correct information. What should be used to do this?

A.
database

B.
import

C.
while loop

D.
for loop

Answers

Answer:

C, while loop.

Explanation:

In a while loop, the program repeats itself until the given condition is met. In pseudocode, you could represent this as:

while input is not an option:

print Sorry, but this isn't one of your options.

Brainliest would be appreciated if this answer helped you :)

What list will be referenced by the variable list_strip after the following code executes?

Answers

The list referenced by the variable list_strip after the code executes will be [1, 2, 3, 4], as list_strip was created as a copy of list_org, with list_org.copy(), and then the last element of the list was removed with list_strip.pop().

What is code executes?

Code executes instructions written in a programming language to perform a specific task or set of tasks. It is the process that carries out the instructions in a computer program. Code is written in a programming language, such as C++, Java, or  Python, by a programmer using a text editor or other development environment. The code is then compiled into a format that is executable by the computer, and then executed, or run, to perform the desired tasks.

list_org = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
list_strip = list_org.copy()
list_strip.pop()
The list referenced by the variable list_strip after the code executes will be [1, 2, 3, 4], as list_strip was created as a copy of list_org, with list_org.copy(), and then the last element of the list was removed with list_strip.pop().

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the multimedia effect states that we learn better when information is presented both verbally and visually. True or false

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According to the multimedia effect, we retain knowledge better when it is delivered verbally and visually. which is incorrect. When text, drawings, still and moving images (videos), graphics, audio, and animation are combined with computer assistance, this is referred to as multimedia.

What is multimedia ?

false The "multimedia effect," which is supported by research, states that most people digest information more effectively when it is delivered audibly and graphically.Your audience will be able to visually experience your speech through all five of their senses—hearing, vision, smell, taste, and touch—because you are speaking in real time. The audience's overall experience of your topic is enhanced by presentation aids in addition to your vocal and nonverbal embodiment.Charts and graphs called pictograms employ symbols and pictures to represent data.

Pictograms, sometimes referred to as "pictographs," "icon charts," "image charts," and "pictorial unit charts," use a string of recurrent icons to represent straightforward facts.The most popular type of visual assistance today is certainly Microsoft PowerPoint.A presentation can be supported by slides created and displayed using the computer program PowerPoint.

Therefore the correct answer is false .

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a tool preset can be used to store all brush-related settings, such as brush shape, blending mode, and opacity, in a single selection. t/f

Answers

A tool preset can be used to store all brush-related settings, such as brush shape, blending mode, and opacity, in a single selection. This statement is true.

What is meant by single selection ?

An answer option or form control that allows a user to select one from a group of related options is known as a single-select.

Because it chooses or disregards a single action (or, as we'll see in a moment, a single collection of actions), the if statement is a single-selection statement. Because it chooses between two distinct actions, the if... else statement is referred to as a double-selection statement (or groups of actions).

For each characteristic or parameter on a view, selection lists provide the user with a comprehensive list of all possible options. You can choose the suitable property or parameter value from a list using a selection list.

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In a reaction, A+B→ Product, rate is doubled when the concentration of B is doubled and rate increases by a factor of 8 when the concentrations of both the reactants (A and B) are doubled. Rate law for the reaction can be written as :A. Rate =k[A][B]2B. Rate =k[A]2[B]2C. Rate =k[A][B]D. Rate =k[A]2[B]

Answers

The correct rate law for this reaction is option C: Rate = k[A][B].

What is rate of chemical reaction?

The rate of a chemical reaction is typically expressed as the change in the concentration of one of the reactants or products over time.

The rate law is an equation that describes how the rate of the reaction is related to the concentrations of the reactants.

In this case, the rate of the reaction is doubled when the concentration of reactant B is doubled, and the rate increases by a factor of 8 when the concentrations of both reactants are doubled.

This can be described by a rate law of the form Rate = k[A][B], where k is the rate constant for the reaction and [A] and [B] are the concentrations of reactants A and B, respectively.

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Windows Network Diagnostics, a GUI tool included with Windows 7 and Windows 8.x, will diagnose a network problem and instruct you on how to solve the problem. True or False

Answers

A GUI application called Windows Network Diagnostics that comes with Windows 7 and Windows 8.x will diagnose a network issue and provide you instructions on how to fix it. The assertion is accurate.

What is the purpose of GUI?

Choice points will be shown to the user that are easy to spot, understand, and utilize. In other words, GUI makes it possible for you to control your device using a mouse, a pen, or even your finger. GUI was created because text command-line interfaces were convoluted and difficult to comprehend.

What GUI examples are there?

Computer monitors, mobile devices like smartphones and tablets, and gaming consoles are a few examples of GUIs. The software on the gadget continuously scans the screen to ascertain where and how the pointing devices are moving.

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to mitigate network attacks, you must first secure devices including routers, switches, servers, and supervisors.

Answers

Yes, securing devices is an important step in mitigating network attacks.

Yes, securing devices is an important step in mitigating network attacks.

What are some general recommendations for securing devices?Keep software up to date: Make sure to install the latest software updates and security patches for all devices.Use strong passwords: Use unique, complex passwords for all devices and change them regularly.Enable security features: Use security features like firewalls, encryption, and authentication to help protect devices from attacks.Monitor and maintain devices: Regularly monitor the security of your devices and maintain them in good working order to help prevent attacks.Limit access: Only allow authorized users to access your network and devices, and limit their access to only the resources they need to do their job.Use network segmentation: Divide your network into smaller segments to make it harder for attackers to gain access to sensitive areas.Use network access controls: Implement network access controls to allow or block devices from connecting to your network based on predefined rules.

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Which of the following should be selected as X in the given series of clicks to set formulas for manual calculation: File < Options < X < Manual?
a. Proofing
b. Language
c. Formulas
d. Advanced
Formulas

Answers

C. Formulas. Excel is forced to recalculate each and every calculation in every open spreadsheet, including those that have not been altered, by pressing Ctrl + Alt + F9.

How are the automated formula calculation choices set?

Click the Formulas tab in the Excel spreadsheet for the web. Select one of the following choices from the dropdown menu next to Calculation Options: Click Automatic to have all dependent formulae recalculated each time a value, formula, or name is changed. The default setting is this.

Which of the following is a computation tool?

Abacus, sometimes known as abaci or abacuses, is a long-used calculating tool in trade that is likely of Babylonian origin.

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Currently, the iMAC is an important product for Apple. While the personal computer market is not growing very quickly, Apple maintains a large share___cash cow

Answers

The iMAC is a crucial item for Apple right now. Even though the personal computer market is not expanding significantly, Apple continues to be a cash cow with a sizable market share.

What do you mean by cash cow of Apple ?

A market leader with a large (or greatest) market share in a niche with little to no growth is considered a cash cow. Although I am unsure if Stanford's MS in Computer Science is the industry leader, I firmly believe that the market for computer science will continue to increase. The cash cow for Apple (AAPL) is the iPhone. Apple can put the extra money made by the iPhone's sales into other goods or projects since its return on assets is much higher than its rate of market growth.

In the Apple BCG matrix, there are two goods that are the money makers. These include iMacs, Apple MacBooks, and Apple iTunes. These goods have enhanced the company's cash flows and kept their market share over time.

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comptia calls regularly updating operating systems and applications to avoid security threats patch management. T/F

Answers

The given statement, compTIA calls regularly updating operating systems and applications to avoid security threats patch management,  is TRUE.

What is compTIA?

CompTIA is not a plan or even a strategy. The Computing Technology Industry Association is what it is, actually. Through training, certifications, education, market research, and philanthropy, CompTIA seeks to encourage the growth of the industry. While providing instruction in contemporary information technology, it also promotes creativity and opens doors by providing applicants with the tools they need to succeed. The company's strategy is also autonomous and vendor-neutral, providing completely agnostic information that doesn't rely on familiarity with certain frameworks or tools.

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question 2 (10 pts): briefly explain the overall algorithm of afl approach. (hint: see its documentation)

Answers

American Fuzzy Lop, often known as AFL, is a smart fuzzer that generates new test cases by changing the seed input that is supplied at the start of the fuzzing process.

Describe the fuzzing.

Programming and software development use fuzzing, a technique for automated software testing that involves providing random, false, or faulty input into a computer program.

The software is then examined for defects such as crashes, failed in-built code assertions, or potentially dangerous memory leaks.

The majority of the time, fuzzers are used to assess programs that accept structured inputs.

This structure, which distinguishes between acceptable and unacceptable input, is described, for instance, in a file format or protocol.

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wireless internet access points enable users with computers and mobile devices to connect to the internet wirelessly. TRUE

Answers

Wireless internet access points enable users with computers & mobile devices to connect to internet wirelessly. (True)

What is Wireless internet?

Wireless Internet service providers (WISP) who broadcast wireless Internet signals in a specific geographic area are typically the ones who offer wireless Internet. Satellite signals or radio waves are typically used to deliver wireless Internet.

Wireless Internet is typically slower than wired Internet connections because it is a communication medium that is dependent on the environment. A wireless Internet modem, wireless access card, or Internet dongle is typically needed by the end user to connect to wireless Internet.

Two popular types of wireless Internet are WiMax and EV-Do. Wi-Fi connections inside of a house, office, or local network may also be used to access the Internet wirelessly.

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a error occurs when the program successfully compiles, but halts unexpectedly during runtime.

Answers

Run-time errors are when a software correctly builds, but then unexpectedly crashes during runtime.

What is run-time errors ?

A runtime error is a software or hardware issue that interferes with Internet Explorer's proper operation. When a website employs HTML code that conflicts with a web browser's capability, runtime issues may result. A runtime error happens when a program has a problem that is only discovered during program execution even though it is syntactically sound.

Here are some instances of typical runtime faults you are guaranteed to encounter: The Java compiler is unable to catch these flaws at build time; instead, the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) only notices them when the application is running. Variable and function names that are misspelled or wrongly capitalized. attempts to conduct operations on incorrectly typed data, such as math operations (ex. attempting to subtract two variables that hold string values)

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What is the command to manage accounts on Server 2008?

Answers

You can manage the newly established or all of the current user profiles, including the Administrator account, in the same interface. Right-click any user account and choose Settings from the menu bar to do that.

Has Microsoft Server 2008 received any new support?

On January 14, 2020, official support of Windows 2008 and Server 2008 2008 R2 came to an end. On October 10, 2023, Microsoft will stop providing long term support on Windows Server 2012 or Server 2012 R2.

Windows Server 2008 Standard: What is it?

Along with Windows Web Server 2008, Windows Server Standard is among Microsoft's entry-level server offerings and one of the most affordable of the available variants. The only version that is available is 64-bit, and also in terms of the hardware Basic Edition

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In general terms, the cloud refers to high-power, large-capacity physical _____ located in data centers, and each one typically hosts multiple _____.

Answers

A data center's high-power, large-capacity physical servers, each of which often houses several virtual servers, are referred to as the "cloud" in general.

By cloud computing, what do you mean?

A type of abstraction known as "cloud computing" is built on the idea of pooling real resources and presenting them to consumers as virtual resources. In the simplest terms, cloud computing refers to the practise of storing and accessing data and software on remote servers located online rather than a computer's hard drive or local server.

A virtual server: what is it?

In contrast to dedicated servers, virtual servers pool hardware and software resources with other operating systems (OS).

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When searching for an app or extension, check out the ___________ to learn from other users' experiences with that app or extension.
Reviews

Answers

Check out the reviews while looking for an extension or software to get a sense of how other users felt about it.

What function do extensions and apps serve?

Users may be able to add files to a website through apps or extensions. gives an app or extension the ability to create, read, traverse, and write to the user's local file system at a user-chosen location. (Chrome OS only) gives an app or extension the ability to construct file systems that can be accessed via the Chrome device's file manager.

What exactly does allows app mean?

enables an extension or app to request information about the physical memory of the machine. enables a program or extension to communicate with native applications on a user's device. A native messaging host registration is required for native apps.

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a researcher conducted an experiment in whice he compared two methods of teaching if there were 10 people

Answers

A researcher ran an experiment in which he contrasted two teaching strategies for a class of ten students. then using 10 as a teaching strategy.

What is a good number of people for an experiment?

When utilizing qualitative methods, 30 is more than sufficient and a respectable sample size, but when using quantitative methods and analysis, less than 100 is insufficient for even a basic statistical analysis.

It is fairly simple to differentiate instruction and learning. Giving lessons on a specific subject to a group of students is the simple definition of teaching. Learning, on the other hand, is obtaining knowledge through study, instruction, and experience.

Face-to-face lectures involve students and instructors interacting in real time, which is one of the key contrasts between face-to-face and online training. In contrast, online students study at their own pace, going through lectures and other course materials.

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Which of the following options should one choose to prompt Excel to calculate all open workbooks manually?
a. F9
b. F5
c. F10
d. F12

Answers

Option should be selected to instruct Excel to manually calculate all open workbooks is F9.

How can all open workbooks in Excel be manually calculated?

All open workbooks' formulas will be calculated as follows: Click Calculate Now under the category Calculation on the Formulas (or Home)tab (or press F9). Every calculation in every open workbook in Excel is recalculated.

Do all open workbooks in Excel get calculated?

When Excel is in manual calculation mode, it only recalculates open workbooks upon your request (by hitting F9 or Ctrl+Alt+F9) or when you save a worksheet. To prevent a lag when making changes, you must switch computation to manual mode for workbooks that take longer than a nanosecond to recalculate.

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Ron is a junior web developer working on a web site that will function as the primary public facing site of a video game development company called Amazing Games Inc. Ron's immediate, superior (Lucy) has asked Ron to prepare a development server on a cloud provider to serve as a staging server where Ron can verify his site functions properly prior to moving it to the live production server. After 2 weeks of working on a portion of the site on the development server, Ron finishes up the pages that he has been working on. Everything works fine. When he moves the site to the production server, none of the images or CSS files work properly. The images appear as broken links. What is the most likely cause for the problem? O Ron used image types that are not compatible with the staging server but are compatible with the deployment server O Ron used images type that are compatible with the staging server but not compatible with the deployment server O Ron modified the host file on the development server to redirect DNS on the development computer and did not do so on the deployment server O Ron used absolute pathing to reference the files on the development server

Answers

An absolute path is used to specify the complete precise file path, for instance, D:\http\project\lib\file.php. A relative path, on the other hand, is based on the script's location in the current working directory.

Comparing absolute and relative paths?

A relative path identifies a file's location in relation to the active (working) directory*. The distance from the root directory is specified by an absolute path. Relative file paths are frequently used while learning to access data files through programming.

What characteristics make a path an absolute path?

Any file in Windows can have its absolute path found by right-clicking it and selecting Properties. Look at the "Location:" entry in the file properties, which is the path to the file, first.

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how many bit strings of length 10 over the alphabet {a,b,c} have either exactly three as or exactly four bs

Answers

The number of bit strings of length 10 over the alphabet {a,b,c} have either exactly three as or exactly four bs is given as follows:

28,800.

How to obtain the number of bit strings?

With three bs, the string is composed as follows:

Three bs from a set of 10 positions. (combination formula).The remaining seven positions each have two possible outcomes, either a or c.

Then the number of strings with three bs is given as follows:

C(10,3) x 2^7 = 10!/(3! x 7!) x 2^7 = 15,360.

With four bs, the string is composed as follows:

Four bs from a set of 10 positions. (combination formula).The remaining six positions each have two possible outcomes, either a or c.

Then the number of strings with four bs is given as follows:

C(10,4) x 2^6 = 10!/(4! x 6!) x 2^6 = 13,440.

Then the total number of strings is calculated as follows:

15,360 + 13,440 = 28,800.

More can be learned about the combination formula at https://brainly.com/question/11732255

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