Certain specific criteria must be met to qualify for home health care under medicare.
Home health care is a service that provides health care services in the comfort of your own home. A person may qualify for medicare coverage of home health services if they meet all of the following criteria:-
They must be under a doctor's care and have a care plan that is reviewed and updated regularly.The individual must require skilled nursing care, physical therapy, speech-language pathology, or occupational therapy.The person must be homebound, which means they cannot leave their home without assistance due to a condition such as an illness or injury, or leaving their home is medically contraindicated.The services provided by a home health agency must be considered reasonable and necessary to treat the person's illness or injury.Medicare does not cover homemaker services or custodial care. Home health services are also not covered by medicare if they are only required for personal care, such as bathing, dressing, and using the bathroom.
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individuals who exhibit behavior characterized as type b have a significantly higher incidence for disease, especially cardiovascular conditions.true or false
The statement "individuals who exhibit behavior characterized as type B have a significantly higher incidence for disease, especially cardiovascular conditions" is true.
Type B behavior is a personality style characterized by low-stress, calm, and casual conduct. These individuals are often unconcerned with deadlines and time management, preferring to complete tasks at their leisure. In social scenarios, they are cooperative and patient, sometimes putting others' needs ahead of their own.
Individuals who exhibit behavior characterized as Type B are more vulnerable to developing cardiovascular diseases than individuals who exhibit behavior characterized as Type A.
According to the Framingham Heart Study, the risk of cardiovascular disease was higher in Type B personalities than in Type A personalities. This study revealed that Type B individuals had a greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease, especially coronary heart disease (CHD).
Additionally, some research has shown that individuals who exhibit Type B behavior have a higher risk of stroke. Although it is unclear why Type B behavior is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, some hypotheses suggest that Type B behavior is associated with high levels of cortisol, a hormone linked to hypertension (high blood pressure). This hormonal imbalance might be one possible explanation for the connection between Type B behavior and cardiovascular disease.
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The study of the nonphysical aspects of the aging process.
Life Structure
Unintegrated Personalities
Gerontology
Integrated Personalities
Social Gerontoloogy
Answer: Gerontology
Explanation:
Gerontology is the study of the nonphysical aspects of the aging process. Life Structure refers to the pattern of an individual's life, including work, relationships, and leisure activities. Unintegrated Personalities refer to individuals who have not developed a consistent sense of self and may struggle with identity issues. Integrated Personalities refer to individuals who have developed a consistent sense of self and a coherent worldview. Social Gerontology is the study of the social aspects of aging, including social policies and programs that affect older adults.
How can the knowledge of proper use, misuse, and abuse of prescription and over-the-counter drugs help a person to make positive choices when using prescription and/or over-the-counter drugs?
Answer:
Understanding the proper use, misuse, and abuse of prescription and over-the-counter drugs can help a person make positive choices when using these drugs in several ways:
1. Avoiding Harmful Side Effects: Knowing how to properly use a medication can help reduce the risk of harmful side effects. Following the recommended dosage and timing for taking the medication can help ensure that it works effectively and minimize the risk of adverse reactions.
2. Preventing Addiction: Understanding the potential for misuse and abuse of prescription and over-the-counter drugs can help prevent addiction. Misusing or abusing medication can lead to dependence, which can be difficult to overcome.
3. Avoiding Dangerous Interactions: Knowing how to properly use prescription and over-the-counter drugs can also help avoid dangerous drug interactions. Mixing medications can lead to serious health problems or make the medication less effective.
4. Improving Treatment Outcomes: Proper use of prescription and over-the-counter drugs can improve treatment outcomes. Taking medication as prescribed can help ensure that it is effective in treating the intended condition and that symptoms are managed effectively.
5. Reducing Health Care Costs: Proper use of medication can also help reduce healthcare costs. When medication is used correctly, it is more effective and reduces the likelihood of complications or additional medical treatment.
Overall, understanding the proper use, misuse, and abuse of prescription and over-the-counter drugs can help individuals make informed decisions about their health and ensure that they are using medication safely and effectively.
Which of the following tools is a healthcare provider most likely to suggest using before recommending a formal sleep study?
The tool a healthcare provider is most likely to suggest using before recommending a formal sleep study is a sleep diary or journal.
This tool is used to keep track of sleep patterns, including the amount of time spent sleeping, how many times the patient wakes up throughout the night, and any other factors that may be affecting their sleep.
By keeping a sleep diary, healthcare providers can get a better understanding of the patient's sleep patterns and may be able to identify any underlying issues that could be contributing to their sleep problems. This information can then be used to determine whether a formal sleep study is necessary or if other interventions may be helpful in improving the patient's sleep.
In summary, a sleep diary or journal is the tool that a healthcare provider is most likely to suggest using before recommending a formal sleep study.
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True or False: its counterintuitive, but the left pulmonary artery is connected to the right lung, and the right pulmonary artery connects to your left lung
Squamous cells are flattened and scalelike when mature.
Is the statement true or false?
Answer: Yes, it is a true statement.
The statement that Squamous cells are flattened and scalelike when mature is true. They serve several functions in the body, including protection, secretion, and absorption.
Explanation:The statement that Squamous cells are flattened and scalelike when mature is true. Squamous cells form the lining of various body structures and are found in many locations, including the outer layer of the skin, the passages of the respiratory and digestive tracts, as well as in the lining of the vessels and cavities of the body. Their particular shape allows them to perform functions such as protection, secretion, and absorption.
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The ___ test for estimating vo2 max is based on the principle that your heart rate returns to resting levels after exercise faster when you have a higher level of cardiorespiratory fitness.
1.5 mile run
step cycle ergometer
1-mile walk
The step cycle ergometer test is based on the idea that a higher level of cardiorespiratory fitness causes your heart rate to recover to resting values after activity more quickly.
What is VO₂ max?VO₂ max is a term that stands for maximum oxygen uptake, which is a measure of cardiorespiratory fitness. It is the maximum amount of oxygen your body can absorb and utilize while engaging in intense physical activity. VO₂ max is typically measured during exercise testing and is used to assess a person's cardiovascular health as well as fitness level.
Cardiorespiratory fitness is a measure of how effectively the cardiovascular and respiratory systems work together to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues during physical activity. It can be improved through regular aerobic exercises such as running, swimming, or cycling.
The step cycle ergometer test is a method of measuring cardiorespiratory fitness. The test involves pedaling a stationary bike at a predetermined speed and resistance level while wearing a heart rate monitor. The test measures the amount of oxygen your body is consuming and the rate at which your heart rate returns to resting levels after exercise. This information is used to estimate your VO₂ max and your overall cardiorespiratory fitness.
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what are the large blue stained areas on the sputum slide?
White blood cells that have been broken up are the huge blue stained spots on the sputum slide.
How is a sputum sample prepares red?A bacterial infection, such pneumonia, is frequently indicated by this. Cystic fibrosis patients frequently have yellowish-green sputum. Lower respiratory tract infections and various other disorders have causes that can be found with clinical diagnostic sputum tests. It also offers a useful tool for assessing the success of clinical treatment. When a patient develops pneumonia, sputum cultures are the most frequently required tests. A test for mycobacteria in the sputum is used to look for the germs that cause tuberculosis and other diseases. Coughing vigorously, the material from the lungs is expelled into a sterile cup to collect a sample of sputum.To learn more about sputum slides, refer to:
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what do you call a condition in which near objects appear clear while those far away look blurry?
Answer:
Myopia
Explanation:
Nearsightedness (myopia) is a vision condition in which close objects appear clear, but objects farther away look blurry. It occurs when the shape of the eye or the shape of certain parts of the eye, causes light rays to bend (refract) incorrectly.
the functions of fat include all of the following except ________.
The functions of fat include all of the following except muscle contraction.
Fat is a crucial energy source for the body, providing fuel for activities like exercise and metabolism. It also helps to insulate and cushion vital organs, protecting them from damage. Additionally, fat plays a role in hormone regulation and supports the absorption of essential vitamins and minerals. However, it is important to maintain a healthy balance of fat in the body, as excessive fat accumulation can lead to health issues like obesity, heart disease, and type 2 diabetes. Regular exercise and a balanced diet can help to promote a healthy body weight and reduce the risk of these health conditions.
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Someone help natural science assignment!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Name of the microorganism: Neisseria meningitidis
Disease cause by it: Meningitis
How is the diseases caused: It is caused by viral infection or infection caused by microorganisms. It is spread through infected things in the environment like clothes, utensils and other items of the infected person.
Symptoms of the disease:
1. Severe headache
2. High fever
3. Vomiting
4. Back pain
5. Photo-phobia, Phonophobia
6. Rolling from side to side
7. Slow and irregular pulse
8. Pain and stiffness of neck
9. Fainting
10. Unable to touch the chest with the chin
Treatment of disease:
Taking meningococcal vaccine (11--12 years, booster dose at 16 years)
Taking them to the hospital
Washing the patient's clothes , utensils, etc. only after sterilization
Stephen LaBerge and his colleagues at the Stanford University Sleep Research Center were able to show that lucid dreams are real and that lucid dreamers were able to do all of the following EXCEPT
a. utilize prearranged signals when they became aware they were dreaming.
b. be able to look up abruptly in a dream, causing a distinct upward eye movement.
c. verbally mumble awake..
d. clench their right and left fists in a prearranged pattern.
Stephen LaBerge and his colleagues at the Stanford University Sleep Research Center were able to show that lucid dreams are real and that lucid dreamers were able to do all of the following except c. verbally mumble awake.
Lucid dreams are dreams in which a person is aware that they are dreaming, while having a lucid dream, the dreamer may have some control over the dream's characters, plot, and environment. Lucid dreams are a kind of dream state where people have control over their thoughts and surroundings. The first recorded lucid dream was written down by St. Augustine in 415 CE. In the early 1970s, Stephen LaBerge at Stanford University designed a series of experiments to demonstrate that lucid dreams are real.
Lucid dreaming differs from normal dreaming in that the person is conscious that they are dreaming. Lucid dreamers may take control of their dream surroundings, create new dream scenarios, and have some power over the dream. They can think, "I am dreaming," and determine what to do next in their dream. Lucid dreamers, on the other hand, cannot usually control the actions of other people in their dreams.
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the scientific method requires the use of information that is based on observation or experimentation. this type of information is called which of the following?
The type of information used in the scientific method that is based on observation or experimentation is called: empirical evidence
Empirical evidence is evidence obtained through observation or experimentation and it forms the basis of scientific knowledge. The scientific method requires the systematic collection of empirical evidence. This empirical evidence is then used to form testable hypotheses and theories.
First, a hypothesis is proposed and then experiments are conducted to test that hypothesis. Observations are recorded to determine if the hypothesis is supported or rejected. For example, if a scientist proposes that a specific substance causes a certain illness, they would collect empirical evidence to determine whether this hypothesis is true.
They would observe people that have been exposed to the substance and see if they experience the illness or not. They would also conduct experiments to see if the substance does in fact cause the illness.
The scientific method uses empirical evidence to form scientific knowledge and understanding. This empirical evidence is the basis for scientific theories and hypotheses. The evidence is collected through observation and experimentation, and it is used to form and test scientific knowledge.
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Which of the following food components can negatively impact bone health? Click to select all that apply.
A. excessive phosphorus
B.oxalates
c.caffine.
d flavonoids.
Phosphorus can be found in diet in naturally occurring forms in grains, nuts, seeds, legumes, dairy products, and meats.
How can I strengthen my bones?Dairy products, almonds, broccoli, kale, canned salmon with bones, sardines, and soy products like tofu are all excellent sources of calcium. If it's hard for you to consume enough calcium through diet alone, talk to your doctor about taking supplements.
What veggie is beneficial to bones?Dark leafy greens like bok choy, Chinese cabbage, kale, collard greens, and turnip greens are a fantastic option. Turnip greens that have been cooked contain 200 milligrammes of calcium per cup, or 20% of your daily requirement. Dark green vegetables also include vitamin K, which can lower your risk of osteoporosis.
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When Kendal was in college, she discovered that she was pregnant Since she was not ready to have a baby at that age, she went through a medical abortion Post the procedure, Kendall felt very low and uprot and could not leve operly as she wanted to keep her pregnancy a secret from everyone. Years later, when she had a miscarriage, she started grieving for the baby she lost and for the baby she had aborted. In this scenario, identify the type of grief Kendall is most likely displaying a. extended grief b. complicated grief
c. prolonged grief d. disenfranchised grief
Answer:
disenfranchised grief
Explanation:
Disenfranchised grief is when someone feels they cannot publicly mourn their grief. Kendall kept her pregnancy a secret and it is probably hard for her to talk to others about her situation.
Which of the following activities would violate a provision of the NPA and Board Rule 217.11(2), Standards of Nursing Practice, relating to the practice of nursing by a LVN? A. Assisting in the evaluation of a client's response to nursing interventions. B. Practicing in any setting without an appropriate practice supervisor who is at least telephonically available. C. Collaborating with the RN to revise the nursing care plans for assigned clients. D. Making assignments to other licensed nurses and to unlicensed assistive personnel when working in a supervisory position.
Answer:
D) Making assignments to other licensed nurses and to unlicensed assistive personnel when working in a supervisory position.
Explanation:
Making assignments to other licensed nurses and unlicensed assistive personnel when working in a supervisory position, would violate a provision of the NPA and Board Rule 217.11(2), Standards of Nursing Practice, relating to the practice of nursing by a LVN. LVNs do not have the authority to supervise other licensed nurses or unlicensed assistive personnel. Therefore, making assignments to them would be beyond the scope of practice for an LVN.
patients who are suspected to have tuberculosis should be placed on what type of precautions
Patients who are suspected to have tuberculosis should be placed on airborne precautions.
Airborne precautions involve limiting contact with the patient, using a private room with negative air pressure, and the use of a respirator mask for healthcare personnel entering the patient's room. Healthcare personnel should also wear a gown and gloves when entering the patient's room. All linens, clothing, and other materials used by the patient should be laundered using a hot water cycle and detergent. The patient should be instructed to cover their mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, and healthcare personnel should be given a thorough education on the necessary precautions when caring for these patients.
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The energy you need and receive from food is measured in nutrients. True or false
Answer: True
Explanation: The energy you need and receive from food is measure in nutrients. An environmental factor that can influence food choices is culture. Nutrients that provide energy include carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins. A type of carbohydrate that your body needs but cannot digest is starch.
From the ages of 7 to 30 years of age, researchers have found less diffusion and more focal activation in the ______ cortex of the brain
From the ages of 7 to 30 years of age, researchers have found less diffusion and more focal activation in the Frontal Cortex of the brain.
According to studies, the frontal cortex of the brain exhibits less diffusion and more localised activation between the ages of 7 and 30. Several crucial cognitive processes, including choice-making, planning, and problem-solving, are controlled by the frontal cortex. Researchers have discovered reduced diffusion and more localised activation in the frontal cortex of the brain between the ages of 7 and 30. The development of more effective neural connections for these complex cognitive activities may be reflected in the decrease in diffusion and rise in focused activity in this region within this age range. This discovery could also explain why, at this stage of cognitive development, some cognitive activities become simpler.
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Kelly is baby-sitting for a few kids who love to play hide and seek, but the littlest one won't look for anything that's hidden. What stage of cognitive development is that child in? What mental skill does the child lack?
The little child in question does not possess the mental skill of object permanence. The stage of cognitive development that the child is in is the Sensorimotor Stage.
Cognitive development is the development of thinking, problem-solving, and memory skills, as well as language and information processing. Cognitive development can be affected by various factors including social, environmental, cultural, and genetic. In addition, cognitive development progresses through a series of stages.
The stage of cognitive development that the child is in is the Sensorimotor Stage. During the sensorimotor stage, the child acquires object permanence, which is the realization that things continue to exist even when they are out of sight. The child has not yet grasped object permanence; therefore, they cannot locate items that are hidden.
The child lacks the mental skill of object permanence, as discussed above. Object permanence refers to the knowledge that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight. Children who have not yet acquired object permanence will assume that an object no longer exists if it is hidden or out of sight. For example, the child may believe that the person has disappeared if they close their eyes.
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how to stop a gallbladder attack while it is happening
Why avoiding conflict is not healthy for any relationship?
Avoiding conflict in any relationship is not healthy because it can cause resentment and create an environment of distrust.
When conflict is avoided, the issues that caused the conflict remain undetermined and can lead to further violent passions of wrathfulness and frustration. also, when people avoid agitating issues that are important to them, they aren't suitable to express their passions and requirements, which can lead to a lack of closeness and communication
in the relationship. Eventually, avoiding conflict can lead to a lack of understanding and respect in the relationship, making it delicate to move forward and grow together.
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Carla tutors other students because she likes to be helpful where is Jane tutors classmates strictly for pay their behaviors demonstrate the difference between
A. Primary and secondary drives
B. Instinctive and derived drives
C. Appetitive and aversive motivation
D. Intrinsic an extrinsic motivation
E.positive and negative reinforcement
Answer:A
Explanation:I took the test
The behaviors of Carla and Jane demonstrate the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Therefore, the correct option is D.
Intrinsic motivation refers to engaging in a behavior for internal satisfaction or personal interest, while extrinsic motivation involves engaging in a behavior for external rewards or incentives.
Carla's behavior of tutoring other students because she likes to be helpful indicates intrinsic motivation. She finds personal satisfaction and fulfillment in helping others, which serves as an internal reward for her behavior.
On the other hand, Jane tutors her classmates strictly for pay, which indicates extrinsic motivation. Her primary motivation for tutoring is the external reward of monetary compensation.
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HELP ASAP
Do a quick internet search for “personal values” and select the ones that speak to you the most. Choose 5-10 of your listed values and reflect on how they impact your health practices and behaviors. Write a 200- to 250-word reflection about how each of these values influences your personal health.
Personal values can have a significant impact on personal health practices and behaviours. Prioritizing values such as integrity, compassion, respect, gratitude, and creativity can lead to positive health outcomes and a more fulfilling life.
What are the personal values that people may prioritize?The Integrity, Responsibility, Compassion, Loyalty, Authenticity Respect Gratitude Perseverance Empathy Creativity are the personal values that people may prioritize.
How these values influences your personal health?1. Integrity - prioritizing honesty and consistency in actions and decisions can lead to maintaining healthy habits such as regular exercise and avoiding unhealthy behaviors like smoking or excessive drinking.
2. Compassion - having empathy for others can translate to self-compassion and self-care, such as taking breaks when needed and prioritizing mental health.
3. Respect - Treating one and others with respect can lead to positive health practices such as setting boundaries, engaging in open communication, and prioritizing self-care.
4. Gratitude - practicing gratitude can lead to a more positive outlook on life, which can contribute to mental and emotional well-being.
5. Creativity - engaging in creative activities can promote stress relief, which can contribute to overall health and well-being.
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Among full-time workers, women earn 79 percent as much as men. Among people approaching retirement age (forty-five to sixty-four years) women earn ________ as much as men in the same age category. Among people age sixty-five and older (who may or may not be working), women earn ________ as much as men in the same age category
Among full-time workers, women earn 79 percent as much as men. Among people approaching retirement age (forty-five to sixty-four years) women earn 74% as much as men in the same age category. Among people age sixty-five and older (who may or may not be working), women earn 86% as much as men in the same age category.
The given statement is true that among full-time workers, women earn 79% as much as men. It is an example of the gender pay gap. It means women who work full-time earn 21% less than men. The gender pay gap for women approaching retirement age (forty-five to sixty-four years) is 74% as much as men in the same age category, and for people age sixty-five and older (who may or may not be working), women earn 86% as much as men in the same age category.
Women earn less than men due to various reasons such as career breaks, part-time jobs, lack of career advancement opportunities, and sex discrimination. However, there is a considerable pay gap between men and women. The primary reason for this gap is that women are more likely to have caregiving responsibilities, and they often work in lower-paying fields than men.
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Stratification heirarchy is where a person is placed in light of:
AGender and race.
Bindividual achievement.
C class, status & power.
Dassimilation.
C class, status & power.
What is a power ?Power can refer to different concepts depending on the context. In physics, power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred. It is typically measured in watts (W) and is calculated by dividing work by time. In social and political contexts, power refers to the ability of individuals or groups to influence or control others or resources. In mathematics, power refers to the product of multiplying a number by itself a certain number of times, and is represented using exponents
What are exponents ?Exponents are a mathematical notation that indicates the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself. An exponent is written as a small raised number to the right of a larger number, such as 2³, where 3 is the exponent and 2 is the base. The exponent tells us that the base number (2) should be multiplied by itself three times. In this example, 2³ is equal to 2 x 2 x 2, which equals 8. Exponents.
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Ellen is a 50-year-old woman who is raising her two grandchildren, is active in her community, and is learning how to paint. According to Erikson's theory, Ellen as chosen
According to Erikson's theory, Ellen has chosen generativity as her psychological crisis in her stage of development.
Erik Erikson was a German-American developmental psychologist who formulated the Psychosocial Stages of Development. Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory postulates that human growth and development occurs across eight different stages that span across a person's lifetime. Each stage is characterized by an "age-appropriate conflict" that is resolved with the successful resolution of the conflict contributing to a person's overall well-being.
Ellen is a 50-year-old woman who is raising her two grandchildren, is active in her community, and is learning how to paint. According to Erikson's theory, Ellen as chosen Generativity as her psychological crisis in her stage of development. Generativity refers to a person's ability to create, give, and produce during the middle age. Ellen is raising her grandchildren, which shows her generativity of taking care of them, and her learning how to paint is an indication of her desire to produce new things. Thus, Ellen as chosen generativity as her psychological crisis.
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according to the definition of health literacy in your book, a person who can read and write but cannot apply health-related information is considered to have low health literacy.A. trueB. False
The given statement, "according to the definition of health literacy in your book, a person who can read and write but cannot apply health-related information is considered to have low health literacy" is A. True because health literacy is defined as the ability to read, comprehend, and apply health-related information.
Individuals with low health literacy are able to read and write but struggle to comprehend and apply health-related information. Low health literacy can lead to an increased risk of health-related complications, as individuals are unable to understand the implications of health-related information.
Health literacy is affected by a variety of factors, including education level, language barriers, and cultural background. Individuals with limited education or limited access to healthcare may struggle with understanding health-related information. Language barriers may also prevent individuals from comprehending health-related information, as many medical terms are unfamiliar and confusing.
Additionally, cultural beliefs and customs can impact individuals' ability to understand health-related information. It is important to consider health literacy when providing health-related information to individuals, as low health literacy can have a significant impact on an individual's health.
Health professionals should use simple language, provide explanations for unfamiliar terms, and ensure that individuals understand the implications of the information. By taking into account an individual's health literacy, health professionals can help ensure that individuals are able to access and understand health-related information.
Therefore, the given statement is true.
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Practice ActivityIdentifying Components of Classical ConditioningFor each of the following scenarios, identify the UCS, UCR, CS, and CR, as well as any indication of generalization or discrimination. You may need to make inferences about how learning took place.1) Cancer patients often have trouble maintaining good nutrition because they come to associate food with the feeling of nausea. After a while the sight of any food makes them nauseated. Be able to explain how this association was learned.2) By the end of their first month, newborn infants begin sucking when they see the bottle, even before the nipple hits their mouth. Explain how this association is learned.3) My pet cat comes running when she hears the can opener, even if I’m opening a can of corn. What additional principle applies here?
Practice Activity Identifying Components of Classical Conditioning for each of the following scenarios, the UCS, UCR, CS, and CR, as well as any indication of generalization or discrimination.
What is UCS, UCR, CS, CR?
1) In this scenario, the UCS is the feeling of nausea, the UCR is nausea avoidance, the CS is the sight of any food, and the CR is nausea avoidance. This is an example of generalization because the patient has come to associate the feeling of nausea with all kinds of food, not just the one that made them feel nauseous in the first place.
2) In this scenario, the UCS is the nipple of the bottle, the UCR is sucking, the CS is the sight of the bottle, and the CR is sucking. This is an example of discrimination because the infant has learned to associate the sight of the bottle with the nipple and the resulting sucking response.
3) In this scenario, the additional principle that applies is the operant conditioning principle of reinforcement. My pet cat has learned that the sound of the can opener is associated with food and her behavior of running when she hears it is reinforced by the food reward that she receives.
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_____ reliability is the extent to which an assessment technique yields similar results across different administrators.A) Test-retestB) InterraterC) InternalD) Clinical
A) Test-retest reliability is the extent to which an evaluation technique produces similar results among different administrators.
The test-retest strategy consists of applying the same test to the same sample of subjects at least two different times. The Test-Retest method assumes that if the test is reliable, the results will be the same on both occasions over time.
The Test-Retest method does not follow a single criterion that establishes the times between the first and second applications. The applications can be done immediately or leave a time interval between the test and the retest.
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