C. Virtually all life on Earth.
They have affected nearly every life form.
What is the difference between the exchange of gaseous during respiration and
photosynthesis.
Answer:
Photosynthesis doesn't occur at night. When there is no photosynthesis, there is a net release of carbon dioxide and a net uptake of oxygen. ... the rate of photosynthesis is higher than the rate of respiration. there is a net release of oxygen and a net uptake of carbon dioxide.
What conclusion can be drawn concerning an inhibitor if the Km is the same in the presence and absence of the inhibitor
Answer: The inhibitor has a structure that is not similar to the substrate.
Explanation:
Enzymes are molecules that act as catalysts of chemical reactions, accelerating the reaction rate without affecting the equilibrium of the reaction, as long as it is energetically possible. They act on molecules called substrates, which are converted into different molecules called products.
Enzymes are very selective with their substrates and are also susceptible to inhibitors which are molecules that regulate enzyme activity, inhibiting its activity. Inhibitors can be classified as reversible and irreversible. Irreversible inhibitors bind covalently to the enzyme with no possibility of reversing the modification they make, while reversible inhibitors bind reversibly to the enzyme and can reverse the modification.
A reaction occurring under the control of an enzyme reaches equilibrium much faster than the corresponding uncatalyzed reaction. The reaction, i.e. the production of products, can reach a saturation point if the substrate concentration increases too much, decreasing the concentration of free enzyme, which becomes the form with bound substrate. At the maximum rate (Vmax) of the enzyme, all active sites of the enzyme have substrate bound, and the amount of complexes is equal to the total amount of enzyme. The amount of substrate required to obtain a given reaction rate is also important and this parameter is given by the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km), which is the concentration of substrate required for an enzyme to reach half its maximum velocity. Each enzyme has a characteristic Km value for a given substrate, which can tell us how close the binding between the substrate and the enzyme is. Then, inhibitors bind to the substrate and increase the Km value as it interferes with the binding between substrate and enzyme. In this case, the Km value of the enzyme is the same in the presence and absence of the inhibitor, this means that there is no change, because the inhibitor has a different structure to the substrate, it does not bind and does not change the Km value.
how is the structure of endoplasmic reticulum related to its function?
Answer:
The endoplasmic reticulum can either be smooth or rough, and in general its function is to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has on it ribosomes, which are small, round organelles whose function it is to make those proteins.
a. A breakdown of U.S. household garbage reveals the largest amount percentage-wise is paper and paperboard. b. In U.S. households most of the water usage is in the bathroom. c. The founder of the modern environmental movement and author of Silent Spring is Rachel Carson d. Deciduous trees such as most pines do not lose their leaves/foliage in winter.
Answer:
c. The founder of the modern environmental movement and author of Silent Spring is Rachel Carson
d. Deciduous trees such as most pines do not lose their leaves/foliage in winter.
Explanation:
Yes, Rachel Carson is the founder of the modern environmental movement as well as author of Silent Spring. She was an American marine biologist, author, and conservationist which started the modern environmental movement in order to save the environment form pollution. Yes, the Deciduous trees such as most pines do not lose their leaves/foliage in winter, they only lose those leaves that are too old. They are considered as evergreen plants.
After nervous stimulation stops, calcium ions returning to the sarcoplasmic reticulum prevent ACh in the synaptic cleft from continuing to stimulate contraction True False
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
Neurotransmitter release occurs from the nervous terminal or varicosities in the neuronal axon. When an action potential reaches the nervous terminal, the neurotransmitter is released by exocytose. The molecule binds to its receptor in the postsynaptic neuron, triggering an answer. As long as the signal molecule is in the synaptic space, it keeps linking to its receptor and causing a postsynaptic response. To stop this process the neurotransmitter must be taken out from the synaptic space. There are two mechanisms by which the neurotransmitter can be eliminated:
• Enzymatic degradation/deactivation: There are specific enzymes in the synaptic space, which are in charge of inactivating the neurotransmitter by breaking or degrading it. The enzyme acetylcholinesterase prevents ACh from continuing to stimulate contraction.
• Reuptake: Receptors located in the presynaptic membrane can capture de molecule to store it back in new vesicles for posterior use. These transporters are active transport proteins that easily recognize the neurotransmitter.
Glucose molecules provide energy to power the swimming motion of sperm. In this example, the sperm are changingA) chemical energy into kinetic energy.B) chemical energy into potential energy.C) kinetic energy into potential energy.D) kinetic energy into chemical energy.E) kinetic energy into thermal energy.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
The correct answer would be that the sperms are changing chemical energy to kinetic energy.
In order to power the movement of the sperm cells, chemicals in the form of glucose molecules are hydrolyzed and the resulting energy from the reaction is used to power the movement of the sperm cells. Moving sperm cells possess kinetic energy. Thus, we can say that the chemical energy in the glucose molecules is converted to kinetic energy in the sperm cells.
The correct option is A.
All of the following are examples of geological features EXCEPT
ridges
valleys
bridges
waterfalls
Answer: The correct answer is bridges
Explanation: Confirmed correct
Which method of waste treatment is LEAST harmful to the environment?
Answer:
c
Explanation:
because burning burying and landfill are all harmful
In addition to highly repeated DNA sequences and unique (single-copy) DNA sequences, a third class of DNA exists. What is it called, and what types of elements are involved in it
Answer:
long-read sequencing
Explanation:
a method of dna sequencing under active development
Children in a preschool breathe deeply while running around in a park. They laugh a lot even when they are hurt, and they run to mummy for a snack. Name THREE characteristics of living organisms that these children illustrate while playing in the park.
The volume of a right circular cylinder can be approximated as follows: Volume = ?r2h; where r is the radius of the cylinder and h is the height of the cylinder; ? is a constant that is roughly equal to 3. Using the simple approximation above, calculate the volume of a right circular cylinder with a radius of 2 meters and a height of 9 meters
Answer:
42m3
Explanation:
Please help
Please answer correctly
Answer:
1 a
2 b
3 c
Explanation:
Excision of a whole organ or mass without cutting into it as seen in the HoLEP procedure to treat BPH, is called
Answer:
enucleation po ^-^
Explanation:
ata? correct me if imma wrong -¿-
Forms of inheritance that do not follow typical Mendelian patterns and that appear to be more influenced by the parent contributing the most cytoplasm to the embryo are grouped under the general heading of ________.
Answer:
Extrachromosomal or cytoplasmic inheritance
Explanation:
Extrachromosomal or cytoplasmic inheritance refers to hereditability transmission controlled by cytoplasmic genes.
This form of inheritance lays in genes that are out of the nucleus. Information for some characters is placed in organelles in the cytoplasm, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts. These organelles have a well-defined portion of the total cellular genome.
Although mitochondrial inheritance is mostly maternal, recent studies have demonstrated that it might also be paternal.
Sperm cells hardly carry mitochondria, so mitochondrial DNI is mostly inherited from the maternal side. If there exists any mutation in this DNI, the whole progeny of the mutated woman will be affected, as they will get the mother´s mitochondria carrying the mutation. On the contrary, if there is a man affected by a disease caused by a mutation in mitochondrial DNI, non of their descendants will get the disease.
name the various classes of algae given by F E Fritsch
Answer:
1. Chlorophyceae
2. Xanthophyceae
3. Chrysophyceae
4. Bacillariophyceae
5. Cryptophyceae
6. Dinophyceae
7. Chloromonadineae
8. Euglenineae
9. Phaeophyceae
10. Rhodophyceae
11. Cyanophyceae or Myxophyceae.
Explanation:
Algae are a group of living organisms classified under the kingdom Protista. They exhibit unique characteristics such as mode of reproduction, type of pigment, food reserve material, locomotive ability etc.
A british scientist (botanist) named Felix Eugen Fritsch in 1935 classified algae into 11 different classes based on some of these characteristics. The classes of algae are as follows:
1. Chlorophyceae (green algae)
2. Xanthophyceae (yellow green algae)
3. Chrysophyceae
4. Bacillariophyceae (diatoms)
5. Cryptophyceae
6. Dinophyceae
7. Chloromonadineae
8. Euglenineae
9. Phaeophyceae (brown algae)
10. Rhodophyceae (red algae)
11. Cyanophyceae/Myxophyceae (blue green algae)
Which of the following factors affecting population growth is density
independent?
A. Competition
B. Disease
C. Natural disaster
D. Predation
C. Natural disaster is a density-independent factor affecting population growth. Density-independent factors are those that affect the population irrespective of the population size or density.
How Natural disasters reduce population sizes?Natural disasters such as floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, and wildfires can reduce population sizes regardless of how many individuals were present in the population before the disaster occurred. The other factors listed - competition, disease, and predation - are all density-dependent factors, which means that they become more significant as the population size or density increases.
Competition is an example of a density-dependent factor, as it increases as the population size increases. As more individuals compete for limited resources such as food, water, and shelter, the rate of population growth slows down.
Disease is another density-dependent factor, as it spreads more easily in crowded populations where individuals are in close contact with one another.
On the other hand, natural disasters such as floods, hurricanes, and wildfires are examples of density-independent factors. These events can affect a population regardless of its size, and they can cause significant decreases in population size.
Predation can be both a density-dependent and density-independent factor. In some cases, predation can increase as the population size increases, making it a density-dependent factor. However, predators can also reduce the population size through random hunting or selective hunting of weaker individuals, making it a density-independent factor.
Understanding the factors that affect population growth is important for predicting and managing population sizes in both natural and human-made ecosystems.
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what is a tropic level? give an example
Answer:
Trophic Level Definition. A trophic level is the group of organisms within an ecosystem which occupy the same level in a food chain.
Examples of Trophic Level. Primary producers, or ”autotrophs”, are organisms that produce biomass from inorganic compounds
Explanation:
In the dihybrid cross,
of the parents had black fur and black eyes.
The offspring
.
Answer: The offspring can have both 100% black fur and eyes or it can vary
In the dihybrid cross,
✔ both
of the parents had black fur and black eyes.
The offspring
✔ varied.
-
The predicted values for the four phenotypes form a
✔ 9:3:3:1
ratio. The simulated values
✔ approximately
match this predicted ratio.
On Edge.
A metric that measures the decline in population sizes, shrinkage of species, and geographic range is ________.
Answer: Living Planet Index
Explanation:
The Living Planet Index is a survey measure of global biodiversity status based on the population abundance of vertebrate species in terrestrial, freshwater and marine habitats. We have to consider that a population is defined as a species within a geographical area. It is used as a source of information to identify threats at the population level for each species on Planet Earth.
With this analysis, an overall decline of about 60 percent in population size has been seen between 1970 and 2014. The decline in species populations is particularly greatest in the tropics, with South America and Central America suffering the most dramatic decline. The numbers of freshwater species have also declined dramatically. However, measuring biodiversity (all the varieties of life that can be found on Earth and the relationships between them) is complex, so the index should consider indicators to measure changes in species distribution, extinction risk and changes in community composition.
The goal of the Living Planet Index is to achieve and promote global conservation of animals and their habitats.
How did Newton map the orbits of the planets?
Answer:
Newton developed a mathematical formulation of gravity that explained both the motion of a falling apple and that of the planets. He showed that the gravitational force between any two objects is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
Explanation:
Which statement accurately describes the relationship between weight and
mass?
Answer: An object with twice the mass of another object will weigh twice as much is the statement accurately describes the relationship between mass and weight.
Hope it helps you if not sorry
Explanation: A.Mass is an objects weight multiplied by the amount of gravitational force acting upon the object
How does renal medulla differ from renal cortex?
Answer:
The main difference between renal cortex and renal medulla is that renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney which contains blood vessels connected to the nephrons whereas renal medulla is the inner region of the kidney which contains 8-12 renal pyramidsThe nephron loops of the juxtamedullary nephrons are surrounded by a looping, ladder-like blood vessel called the
[tex] {\bold{\red{\huge{\mathbb{QUESTION}}}}} [/tex]
The nephron loops of the juxtamedullary nephrons are surrounded by a looping, ladder-like blood vessel called the
[tex] \huge\mathbb{\red A \pink{N}\purple{S} \blue{W} \orange{ER}}[/tex]
The nephron loops of the juxtamedullary nephrons are surrounded by a looping, ladder-like blood vessel called the Peritubular Capillary network
This network is formed by the Efferent artiole to absorb the non waste martial which is flown out in the ultrafiltration of Glomerular capsule .
True or False- The thermosphere contains no water vapor.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The temperature can rise as high as 1500 C, the gas molecules are very far apart. This layer is completely cloudless and free of water vapour
A Scientist discovers a chemical that she thinks might be a potential treatment for a certain type of cancer cell. In order to test her hypothesis, the scientist treats one plate of cancerous cells with the newly discovered chemical, and leaves another plate of cancerous cells untreated. After 7 days, the scientist measures the number of living cells in each plate. The scientist finds that the cells treated with the chemical have a lower survival rate than cells left untreated. The scientist further observes that the substance has an effect on the Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). How might disabling the rough ER potentially hurt the cancerous cells? Be specific in your answer. What is the dependent variable? What is the independent variable?
Answer:
Affecting the ER causes alteration in cell homeostasis and eventual death.Independent variable: Drug or chemicalDependent variable: Cancer cells survival.Explanation:
Hypothesis ⇒ A chemical ⇒ might be a potential treatment for cancer cells.
Experiment:
Treated ⇒ One plate of cancerous cells with the new chemicalUntreated ⇒ Another plate of cancerous cells with no chemical7 days later ⇒ the number of cells in each plate
Results:
Cells treated with the chemical have a lower survival rate than cells left untreated.
Treated plate ⇒ fewer cellsUntreated plate ⇒ more cellsChemical affects the Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The endoplasmic reticulum is in charge of many cellular functions, such as protein folding, maturation, and transport, especially those destined for secretion. It produces the latest protein modifications after transduction.
When the synthesizing protein gets in the Rough endoplasmic reticulum, it continues its building in the organelle. Finally, the protein suffers folding and the initial stages of glycosylation.
Once the protein synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum is over, these molecules are packaged into vesicles and sent to the Golgi complex for their final association with carbohydrates. Finally, protein leaves the Golgi complex and goes to its final destiny.
Any alteration in the intracellular environment
inevitably affects the organelle and its functions. When the organelle is not properly working, proteins synthesis is affected and, consequently, all the cellular activities. The affected cell homeostasis might be so altered that the cell ends dying.
If the drug affects the ER by altering its environment or directly affecting it, the organelle will fail to perform its functions, and the cell will eventually dye.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The independent and the dependent variables are the two principal factors needed in an experiment.
Independent variable: Refers to all the variables in an experiment that provoke a response in another variable. The independent variable changes or is controlled and modified in the experiment to analyze how another variable responds to it. It changes to analyze its effects on the dependent variable. Usually, the independent variable is represented by the X letter.
In the exposed example, the independent variable is the drug that affects the cancer cells. The researcher decides to apply it or not, and the concentrations in which the drug is.
Dependent variable: Refers to the variable that reacts to the changes produced in the independent variable. Depending on how the independent variable is modified, the dependent variable change. It is usually identified by the letter Y.
In the exposed example cell survival is the dependent variable. Cancer cells respond to the presence/absence of the chemical, and might differently respond to the varying concentration of the drug.
One student made the incomplete diagram shown below to represent the relationship between magma igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks.
Which of these is the correct next step to complete the diagram?
A. Put an arrow labeled cools and crystallizes pointing from igneous rocks to metamorphic rocks
B. Put an arrow labeled cools and crystallizes pointing for metamorphic rocks to igneous rocks
C. Put an arrow labeled heat and pressure points in from igneous rocks to metamorphic rocks
D. Put an arrow labeled heat and pressure pointing from metamorphic rocks to igneous rocks
Answer:
C. Put an arrow labeled heat and pressure pointing from igneous rocks to metamorphic rocks
Explanation:
Metamorphic rocks are changed rocks that are formed from pre-existing rocks that were once sedimentary or igneous rocks. Heat and pressure majorly act on igneous rock, which over time change these rocks into a different rock entirely, known as metamorphic rocks.
Therefore, the next step to complete the diagram will be:
"C. Put an arrow labeled heat and pressure pointing from igneous rocks to metamorphic rocks."
Name the type of classifications of tissue formed by combination of cell.
a) Red Blood Cell:
b) Muscle Cell:
c) Nerve Cell:
Answer:
its (a)
Explanation:
A tissue is a group of red blood cells of common origin which are structurally similar and perform a particular function. Organ is a group of tissues and organ system is a group of organs.Therefore, the correct answer is option A.hope it helps you.pls mark me as branliestSelect the correct answer from each drop-down menu. Study the graphs, and then complete the passage. An anomaly in global temperature is a deviation from what is normal or expected. The graph shows that global atmospheric co2 ___(increased exponentially. Remained constant. Increased slightly)in the twenty-first century, and global temperature also increased during the same time. Based on the timeline, these statistics suggest a correlation between climate change and ___(wind energy production. Use of electric cars. Industrial carbon emissions). If the current trend of increasing co2 levels continues, the greenhouse effect will continue to ___(warm the planet. Release gas into space. Destroy carbon dioxide) .
Answer:
Increased exponentially
Industrial carbon emission
Warm the planet
Explanation:
The rapid increase in global CO2 in the 21st century has raised concerns over the lingering effect of global climate change which could result due to the exponential increase in CO2 emission at this time. This rise in global atmospheric CO2 has been observed to have a positive relationship with the level of industrial carbon emission. The rise in emission of industrial carbon has been tipped to be responsible for the exponential rise in global atmospheric CO2. CO2 is a form of green house gas responsible for warming the planet.
Answer:
An anomaly in global temperature is a deviation from what is normal or expected. The graph shows that global atmospheric co2 increased exponentially in the twenty-first century, and global temperature also increased during the same time. Based on the timeline, these statistics suggest a correlation between climate change and Industrial carbon emissions. If the current trend of increasing co2 levels continues, the greenhouse effect will continue to warm the planet.
Explanation:
Plato
20 This diagram shows an enzyme-substrate complex.
Structure X
Structure Z
Structure Y
m
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Which is represented by Structure X?
Answer:
structure X is the substrate so the answer is A
Explanation:
As it is trying to fit in the enzymes active site
According to the enzyme-substrate complex, the structure X is represented by a substrate. Thus, the correct option for this question is A.
What do you mean by Enzymes?Enzymes may be defined as biocatalysts that significantly enhance the rate of a chemical reaction without being altered in the overall process. It may be thought that all cellular reactions or processes are mediated by enzymes. Enzymes have a series of characteristics that depends on their activity.
According to the diagram given in the question, the structure X is the substrate, the structure Y is an enzyme, and the structure Z is the product. While stage 2 represents the enzyme-substrate complex.
Therefore, according to the enzyme-substrate complex, the structure X is represented by a substrate. Thus, the correct option for this question is A.
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What is the name of the strategy that combines two plant proteins (grains and beans) to get all the essential amino acids
Answer:
Protein combining
Explanation:
The strategy involving the combination of two plant proteins to get all the essential amino acids is referred to as protein combining.
The practice of protein combining is common among vegans due to the general belief that a single plant-based protein does not contain all the necessary amino acids for the body. Thus, one would need to combine 2 plant-based proteins in order to get all the essential amino acids for adequate health.
