The legal restrictions preventing persons of color from sharing public accommodations with whites are referred to as segregation laws.
Segregation laws were a part of American life, beginning in the late 19th century and extending through the mid-1960s when they were declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. Segregation was essentially the practice of restricting blacks from using certain public accommodations, businesses, or services that were open to whites.
For example, Blacks were prohibited from attending certain public schools, riding on certain trains or buses, drinking from certain water fountains, eating at certain restaurants, and so on. This was mainly implemented in the southern parts of America where the white majority population wanted to restrict the social interaction between white and black people and thereby imposed many legal restrictions preventing persons of color from sharing public accommodations with whites.
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