Answer:
a. Viral infections may lead to inflammation between the ribs (i.e., costochondritis)
b. Viral infection
c. Viral infection may lead to the influx of chemical mediators (cytokines), increased blood flow, and movement of plasma and white blood cells (leukocytes) from the blood into the injured site
Explanation:
Costochondritis is a painful condition caused by the inflammation of the cartilage that joins the ribs to the breastbone (this joint is known as the “costochondral joint”). Costochondritis is caused by inflammation of the costochondral joint, which may be triggered by multiple causes including, among others, viral/bacterial/fungal infections, exercise or strenuous activity, chest trauma, osteoarthritis, presence of tumors, etc. Acute inflammation is the immediate immune response of the body to harmful stimuli (e.g., viral infections), which is characterized by the increased movement of white blood cells (such as neutrophils and macrophages) that rapidly travel from the blood into the injured area. This plasma contains chemical mediators like pro-inflammatory cytokines which are secreted from immune cells (e.g., Th1 cells, CD4+ cells, macrophages) in order to promote inflammation.
Two different enzymes catalyze the same reaction and both exhibit the same Vmax. When Enzyme A was run with a 40 uM substrate, the initial rate (Vo) was 10 uM/min, and when g it was run with a 4 mM substrate, the Vo was 20 uM/min. Estimate the approximate Vmax and Km of Enzyme A. When Enzyme B was run with 80 uM substrate, the initial rate (Vo) was 10 uM per minute. Estimate the Km of Enzyme B.
Answer:
a) k_m = 4.08 uM
V_{max} = 20.07 uM/min
b) k_m = 8.16 uM
Explanation:
Given that:
For Enzyme A:
the substrate concentration [S] = 40 uM
the initial velocity rate v = 10 uM/min
when it was 4mM, v = 20 uM/min
i.e.
at 4mM = 4000 uM;
Using Michealis -menten equation;
when v = 10
[tex]V = \dfrac{V_{max}[S]}{k_m+[S]}[/tex]
∴
[tex]10 = \dfrac{V_{max}\times 40}{k_m + 40}[/tex]
[tex]10 (k_m + 40) = V_{max}40[/tex]
[tex]40V_{max} -10k_m = 400 --- (1)[/tex]
when v= 20
[tex]20= \dfrac{V_{max}\times 4000}{k_m + 4000}[/tex]
[tex]20 (k_m + 4000) = V_{max}4000[/tex]
[tex]4000V_{max} -20k_m = 8000 --- (2)[/tex]
equating equation (1) and (2):
[tex]40V_{max} -10k_m = 400 --- (1)[/tex]
[tex]4000V_{max} -20k_m = 8000 --- (2)[/tex]
let multiply equation (1) by 100 and equation (2) by 1
4000V_{max} - 1000K_m = 4000
4000V_{max} - 20 k_m = 8000
0 -980k_m = 4000
k_m = 4000/-980
k_m = 4.08 uM
replacing the value of k_m into equation (1)
40{V_max } - 10(4.08) = 400
40{V_max } - 40.8 = 400
40{V_max } = 400 + 40.8
40{V_max } = 440.8
V_{max} = 440.8/40
V_{max} = 11.02 uM/min
b)
Since V_{max} of A ie equivalent to that of B; then:
V_{max} of B = 11.02 uM/min
Here;
[S] = 80 uM
V = 10 uM/min
∴
[tex]10 = \dfrac{11.02 \times 80}{k_m + 80 }[/tex]
10(k_m +80) = 881.6
10k_m = 881.6 - 800
10k_m = 81.6
k_m = 81.6/10
k_m = 8.16 uM
which organism in the food web might be found in the first tropic level of a food chain
cougar
mouse
acorns
coyote
Answer:
Acorns would be found at the first trophic level of a food chain.
Explanation:
14. What do the embryos of different vertebrate species have in common?
Answer:
Similarities in embryos are evidence of common ancestry. All vertebrate embryos, for example, have gill slits and tails. Most vertebrates, except for fish, lose their gill slits by adulthood.
Explanation:
itz from gologolo lol I hope it helps uh
keep smiling #smilies
At her initial evaluation, Ms. Jones reports that she has lost 25 pounds over the past eight months despite an increase in her appetite. She complains of extreme fatigue, heart palpitations and irritability. Clinical observations reveal a protrusion of the eyeballs and hand tremors. You suspect that she might have:
a. hypothyroidism
b. diabetes mellitus
c. hypopituitarism
d. hyperthyroidism
Answer:
d. hyperthyroidism
Explanation:
Hyperthyroidism is a condition that occurs when the thyroid gland in our body secretes too much of the thyroxin hormone. Thyroid gland is a butterfly shaped gland that is located in our neck and it produces the hormone called thyroxin. Excess production of thyroxin leads to a condition named hyperthyroidism.
A person's metabolism increases when he or she is suffering from hyperthyroidism. One's weight is lost but the appetite increases. Other symptoms are extreme fatigue, irritability, heart palpitations, sweating and puffy eyes.
Thus in the context, Ms. Jones is suspect to have hyperthyroidism as she she is showing all the above symptoms.
plz explain in your own words
what are conjugated molecules????
What is the role of RNA?
Answer:
It is the 1st one ○ to provide the original blueprint for protein production
Explanation:
RNA polymerase (green) synthesizes RNA by following a strand of DNA. RNA polymerase is an enzyme that is responsible for copying a DNA sequence into an RNA sequence, duyring the process of transcription.
What is the complimentary dna strand for TCTTAAATGATCGAT
Answer:
AGAATTTACTAGCTA
Explanation:
The DNA strand pairs are:
Adenine (A) -- Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C) -- Guanine (G)
and vice versa.
The given strand:
TCTTAAATGATCGAT
Based on the given pairs above, your answer will be:
AGAATTTACTAGCTA
~
An organism that creates its own food is called:
A) a producer
B)a consumer
C)a carnivore
D) a decomposer
Answer:
a
Explanation:
Answer:
An autotroph is an organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals. Because autotrophs produce their own food, they are sometimes called producers.Organisms are characterized into two broad categories based upon how they obtain their energy and nutrients: autotrophs and heterotrophs. Autotrophs are known as producers because they are able to make their own food from raw materials and energy. Examples include plants, algae, and some types of bacteria.
what will most likely happen if a population is large and no migration, mutation, or environmental change occurs?
1. natural selection will increase
2. nonrandom mating will start to occur
3. the rate of evolution will increase
4. gene frequencies will remain constant
The Earth and the moon are kept in orbit by gravity and mass. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
Answer:
True
Explanation:
the Earth and the Moon are kept in orbit by gravity and mass.
Answer:
True (T)
Explanation:
Yeah, the Earth and the moon are kept in orbit by gravity and mass. Hence, this statement is True (correct).
economic importance of mosquito larva list five
Explanation:
economic importance of mosquito larva are
Mosquito larvae grow by consuming microorganisms such as algae and microbes that decompose decaying plant material. Larval mosquitoes contribute to aquatic food chains by serving as food sources for many predators, including fish and birds.i hope it will help you
Describe the biome in which you currently live, or one in which you want to live, or have lived. What are the atmospheric conditions (wind pattern, humidity level, etc), solar intensity, and geographic/oceanographic features that have produced this unique ecosystem
Answer:
Southern Texas
Explanation:
The Wind pattern often is represented by the westerlies, which are the winds that flow in the northern latitude of the world. The humidity level in this zone varies from 10-20%, since we are in the desert we do not have much humidity, the solar intensity is high, often found in the 9-10 uv range, it is not advised to spend more than 10 minutes on direct sun without solar protection. We have the Rio Grande to the south and some spare mountains.
Answer:
Southern Texas
Explanation:
Dehydration synthesis leads to WICH formation
Answer:
Polymers...........
Explanation:
In a Nitrogen metabolism study, the following data were obtained over the test period:
Nitrogen consumed 175 grams
Total Fecal N 35 grams
Metabolic Fecal N 10 grams
Total Urinary N 80 grams
Endogenous Urinary N 10 grams
Calculate:
a. Apparent Nitrogen digestibility (%)
b. True Nitrogen digestibility (%)
c. Nitrogen Balance (g)
d. Apparent Nitrogen Retention (%)
Answer:
a. 80%
b. 86%
c. 60 g
d. 34.29%
Explanation:
From the given information:
The apparent nitrogen digestibility (AD) is the ratio of the difference between the consumed nitrogen and fecal nitrogen to the consumed nitrogen.
Mathematically:
[tex]AD = \dfrac{consumed \ nitrogen - fecal \ nitrogen }{consumed \ nitrogen }[/tex]
[tex]AD = \dfrac{175 -35 }{175}[/tex]
AD = 0.8
To percentage, the apparent Nitrogen digestibility = 80%
b. True Nitrogen digestibility is calculated by the formula:
[tex]=\dfrac{consumed \ nitrogen - (fecal \ nitrogen -metabolic \ fecal)}{consumed \ nitrogen}[/tex]
[tex]= \dfrac{175 -(35-10)}{175}[/tex]
[tex]= \dfrac{175 -25}{175}[/tex]
= 0.86
= 86%
c. Nitrogen Balance = consumed Nitrogen - Fecal nitrogen - total uninary
Nitrogen Balance = (175 - 35 - 80) grams
Nitrogen Balance = 60 g
d. Apparent Nitrogen Retention (ANR) is computed as follows:
[tex]ANR = \dfrac{(consumed \ nitrogen-fecal\ nitrogen - total \ uninary )}{nitrogen \consumed }\times 100\%[/tex]
[tex]ANR = \dfrac{(175-35- 80 )}{175 }\times 100\%[/tex]
[tex]ANR = \dfrac{(60 )}{175 }\times 100\%[/tex]
ANR = 34.29%
