To determine the variable expenses that Mist, Inc. should charge to the operating departments for performance evaluation purposes,.
we need to calculate the variable expenses based on the actual number of employees. Variable expenses per employee: $28
Actual number of employees: 1,830 Variable expenses based on actual number of employees = Variable expenses per employee x Actual number of employees
= $28 x 1,830
= $51,240 Therefore, Mist, Inc. should charge $51,240 of variable expenses from the cafeteria to the operating departments for performance evaluation purposes. The correct option is o $51,240.
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1. Define opportunity cost. What is the opportunity cost to you of attending college? What was your opportunity
cost of coming to class today?
2. Under what conditions might government intervention in a market economy improve the economy’s
performance?
3. Identify each of the following topics as being part of microeconomics or macroeconomics:
a. the impact of a change in consumer income on the purchase of luxury automobiles
b. the effect of a change in the price of Coke on the purchase of Pepsi
c. the impact of a war in the Middle East on the rate of inflation in the United States
d. factors influencing the rate of economic growth
e. factors influencing the demand for tractors
f. the impact of tax policy on national saving
g. the effect of pollution taxes on the U.S. copper industry
h. the degree of competition in the cable television industry
i. the effect of a balanced-budget amendment on economic stability
j. the impact of deregulation on the savings and loan industry
4. Which of the following statements are positive and which are normative?
a. The minimum wage creates unemployment among young and unskilled workers.
b. The minimum wage ought to be abolished.
c. If the price of a product in a market decreases, then, other things equal, quantity demanded will increase.
d. A little bit of inflation is worse for society than a little bit of unemployment.
e. There is a tradeoff between inflation and unemployment in the short run.
f. If consumer income increases, then, other things equal, the demand for automobiles will increase.
g. The U.S. income distribution is not fair.
h. U.S. workers deserve more liberal unemployment benefits.
i. If interest rates increase, then investment will decrease.
j. If welfare benefits were reduced, then the country would be better off.
5. Draw a production possibilities frontier showing increasing opportunity cost of hammers in terms of
horseshoes.
a. On the graph, identify the area of feasible outcomes and the area of infeasible outcomes.
b. On the graph, label a point that is efficient and a point that is inefficient.
c. On the graph, illustrate the effect of the discovery of a new vein of iron ore, a resource needed to
make both horseshoes and hammers, on this economy.
d. On a second graph, illustrate the effect of a new computerized assembly line in the production of
hammers on this economy.
6. Julia can fix a meal in 1 hour, and her opportunity cost of one hour is $50. Jacque can fix the same kind of meal
in 2 hours, and his opportunity cost of one hour is $20. Will both Julia and Jacque be better off if she pays him
$45 per meal to fix her meals? Explain.
Opportunity cost is the cost of the next best option forgone while making a decision. It is a fundamental concept of economics. The opportunity cost of attending college is the potential earnings from a job that a student forgoes while studying.
Similarly, the opportunity cost of attending class today would be the other productive tasks a student could have done instead of coming to class. Government intervention in a market economy can improve the economy's performance when there is market failure.
Market failure occurs when the market fails to allocate resources efficiently. This can happen when there is imperfect information, public goods, externalities, and monopoly power. In these situations, the government can step in to provide the necessary infrastructure, regulation, and public goods to correct market failure.
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Assume one year the basket of goods has a price level of $102, and the following year that same basket of goods is priced at $112. What was the rate of inflation over that year? Enter your answer as a percentage, rounded to two decimals, and without the percentage sign ('\%). For example, if your answer is 0.123456, then it is equivalent to 12.35%, so you should enter 12.35 as the answer.
To calculate the rate of inflation, we can use the following formula: the rate of inflation over that year is approximately 9.80%.
Rate of Inflation = ((Price level in the current year - Price level in the previous year) / Price level in the previous year) * 100
Given:
Price level in the previous year = $102
Price level in the current year = $112
Substituting the values into the formula:
Rate of Inflation = (($112 - $102) / $102) * 100
Calculating:
Rate of Inflation = ($10 / $102) * 100 ≈ 9.80
Therefore, the rate of inflation over that year is approximately 9.80%.
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Hedging means establishing an offsetting currency position so as to lock in a dollar (home currency) value for the currency exposure and thereby eliminate the risk posed by currencies fluctuations. - In March, Multinational Industries Inc. has a receivable (Sep) of 500,000 pounds, and it assesed the following information - \$1.30/£ with probability 0.15 - \$1.35/£ with probability 0.20 - \$1.40/£ with probability 0.25 - \$1.45/£ with probability 0.20 - \$1.50/£ with probability 0.20 - What is the expected spot rate for Sept? - If the six-month forward rate is $1.40, should the firm sell forward its 500,000 pounds receivables due in Sept?
To determine the expected spot rate for September, we need to calculate the weighted average of the spot rates based on their probabilities. We multiply each spot rate by its corresponding probability and sum them up.
Expected Spot Rate = ($1.30/£ * 0.15) + ($1.35/£ * 0.20) + ($1.40/£ * 0.25) + ($1.45/£ * 0.20) + ($1.50/£ * 0.20)
Expected Spot Rate = $0.195 + $0.27 + $0.35 + $0.29 + $0.30 = $1.40/£
The expected spot rate for September is $1.40/£.
Regarding the decision to sell forward the 500,000 pounds receivables due in September, we need to compare the forward rate with the expected spot rate.
If the forward rate ($1.40/£) is higher than the expected spot rate ($1.40/£), it indicates that the forward rate is favorable. In this case, the firm can sell forward its receivables to lock in the exchange rate and eliminate the risk of currency fluctuations.
Since the forward rate and the expected spot rate are the same ($1.40/£), the firm should consider selling forward its 500,000 pounds receivables due in September to hedge against potential currency fluctuations and ensure a fixed exchange rate for their receivables.
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If the business bought $1,750 inventory (no term) on Jun4, 2019 on account (didn't pay money at the moment when they bought the inventory), then they paid the money for the inventory a few days later. The payment accounting entry will be: A. Dr. Sales $1,750 Cr. Cash $1,750 B. Dr. Account payable $1,750Cr. Cash $1,750 C. Dr. COGS $1,750 Cr. Inventory $1,750 D. Dr. Accounts receivable $1,750 Cr. Accounts payable $1,750
The correct payment accounting entry for the scenario described would be:
B. Dr. Accounts payable $1,750
Cr. Cash $1,750
When a business purchases inventory on account, it means that they acquire the inventory without immediately paying for it. The transaction is recorded as an increase in the inventory asset and an increase in the accounts payable liability.
In this case, the purchase of $1,750 worth of inventory on June 4, 2019, resulted in an increase in the inventory asset. The accounts payable account represents the amount owed to the supplier for the purchase.
A few days later, when the business pays the supplier for the inventory, a payment accounting entry is recorded. The accounts payable account is debited to decrease the liability since the payment reduces the amount owed. The cash account is credited to reflect the outflow of cash.
The entry does not involve the sales account because the payment is not related to sales revenue. It is solely focused on settling the accounts payable associated with the inventory purchase.
It is important for businesses to properly record their inventory purchases and subsequent payments to maintain accurate financial records and track their cash flows. By correctly recording the payment, the business ensures that its financial statements reflect the true status of its liabilities and cash position.
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I 5-2 Analysis of Transactions; Preparation of Statements The Mentha Company was incorporated on July 1, 20X1. Mentha had 10 holders of common stock. Laurie Mentha, who was the president and CEO, held 49% of the shares. The company rented space in chain discount stores and specialized in selling running shoes. Mentha's first location was a store in Centerville Mall. The following events occurred during July: A. The company was incorporated. Common stockholders invested $145,000 cash. B. Purchased merchandise inventory for cash, $55,000. C. Purchased merchandise inventory on open account, $28,000. D. Merchandise carried in inventory at a cost of $42,000 was sold for $90,000,$30,000 for cash and $60,000 on open account. Mentha carries and will collect these accounts receivable. E. Collection of a portion of the preceding accounts receivable, $25,000. F. Payments of a portion of accounts payable, $15,000. See transaction C. G. Special display equipment and fixtures were acquired on July 1 for $48,000. Their expected useful life was 48 months with no terminal scrap value. Straight-line depreciation was adopted. This equipment was removable. Mentha paid $15,000 as a down payment and signed a promissory note for $33,000. H. On July 1, Mentha signed a rental agreement with Centerville Mall. The agreement called for rent of $1,550 per month, payable quarterly in advance. Therefore, Mentha paid $4,650 cash on July 1 . I. The rental agreement also called for a payment of 15% of all sales. This payment was in addition to the flat $2,350 per month. In this way, Centerville Mall would share in any success of the venture and be compensated for general services such as cleaning and utilities. This payment was to be made in cash on the last day of each month as soon as the sales for the month were tabulated. Therefore, Mentha made the payment on July 31 . J. Wages, salaries, and sales commissions were all paid in cash for all earnings by employees. The amount was $30,000. K. Depreciation expense for July was recognized. See transaction G. L. The expiration of an appropriate amount of prepaid rental services was recognized. See transaction H. 1. Prepare an analysis of Mentha Company's transactions, employing the equation approach demonstrated in Exhibit 15-1 (pg 621). Two additional columns will be needed, one for Equipment and Fixtures and one for Note Payable. Show all amounts in thousands. 2. Prepare a balance sheet as of July 31, 20X1, and an income statement for the month of July. Ignore income taxes. 3. Given these sparse facts, analyze Mentha's performance for July and its financial position as of July 31, 20X1.
The company has $13,000 in accounts payable, which is only a small portion of its current liabilities. Additionally, the lack of retained earnings shows that the company has not yet accumulated any profit to keep.
1. The equation approach shown in Exhibit 15-1 is as follows: Cash + Accounts Receivable + Equipment and Fixtures = Accounts Payable + Note Payable + Common Stock+ Retained Earnings Merchandise inventory - Cost of goods sold - Wages, salaries, and sales commissions - Rent - Depreciation expense - Prepaid rent (a) Purchased merchandise inventory for cash, $55,000.(b) Purchased merchandise inventory on open account, $28,000.(c) Merchandise carried in inventory at a cost of $42,000 was sold for $90,000, $30,000 for cash and $60,000 on open account. Mentha carries and will collect these accounts receivable.(d) Collection of a portion of the preceding accounts receivable, $25,000.(e) Payments of a portion of accounts payable, $15,000. See transaction C.(f) Special display equipment and fixtures were acquired on July 1 for $48,000.
Their expected useful life was 48 months with no terminal scrap value. Straight-line depreciation was adopted. This equipment was removable. Mentha paid $15,000 as a down payment and signed a promissory note for $33,000.(g) Depreciation expense for July was recognized. See transaction F.(h) Expiration of an appropriate amount of prepaid rental services was recognized. See transaction G.2. Income Statement for the Month of July 20X1 and Balance Sheet for July 31, 20X1 Income Statement for July 20X1 Revenue: Sales $ 90,000Rent (15% of $90,000)$ 13,500.Total revenue $103,500Expense: Cost of goods sold $ 42,000. Wages, salaries, and sales commissions $ 30,000 Rent $ 7,550 Depreciation expense $ 1,000 Total expenses$ 80,550Net income $ 22,950 Balance Sheet as of July 31, 20X1 Assets: Cash $ 47,000 Accounts receivable $ 35,000 Merchandise inventory $ 28,000 Equipment and fixtures $ 48,000 Less: Accumulated depreciation $ 1,000 Total assets $157,000 Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity: Accounts payable $ 13,000Note payable $ 33,000 Common stockholders $ 145,000 Retained earnings $ 0 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $157,0003.
Analysis of Mentha Company's Performance for July and its Financial Position as of July 31, 20X1 The company has generated $103,500 in revenue and $22,950 in net income for July, indicating a successful start to the business. The company also has a positive cash balance of $47,000 and a positive balance in accounts receivable and inventory. However, the note payable of $33,000 is a concern for the company, as it has an immediate obligation to pay back the amount. The company has $13,000 in accounts payable, which is only a small portion of its current liabilities. Additionally, the lack of retained earnings shows that the company has not yet accumulated any profit to keep.
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On December 31, 2019, Flint Corp. provided you with the following pre-adjustment information regarding its portfolio of investments held for short-term profit-taking: December 31, 2019 Investments Carrying Amount Fair Value Moonstar Corp. shares $19,000 $17,700 Bilby Corp, shares 9.500 8,400 Radius Ltd. shares 18,600 19,200 Total portfolio $47,100 $45,300 During 2020, the Bilby Corp. shares were sold for $9,000. The fair values of the securities on December 31, 2020, were as follows: Moonstar Corp. shares $18,500 and Radius Ltd. shares $19,100. The company does not recognize and report dividends and other components of investment gains and losses separately. Prepare the adjusting journal entry needed on December 31, 2019. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when the amount is entered. Do not indent manually. If no entry is required, select "No Entry" for the account titles and enter O for the amounts.) Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit eTextbook and Media
Based on the pre-adjustment information provided, the total fair value of the portfolio as of December 31, 2019 was $45,300, which is less than the carrying amount of $47,100. This indicates an overall decrease in the value of investments and requires an adjusting entry to reflect the lower fair values.
The adjusting journal entry needed on December 31, 2019 is:
Loss on Investments 1,800
Allowance for Decline in Fair Value of Investments 1,800
The Loss on Investments account represents the decrease in fair value of the investments from their original carrying amounts. The Allowance for Decline in Fair Value of Investments account is a contra-asset account that offsets the carrying value of the investments on the balance sheet. By debiting the Loss on Investments account, we are reducing the net income for the year by the amount of the decline in value, while crediting the Allowance for Decline in Fair Value of Investments account reduces the carrying amount of the investments on the balance sheet.
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Which of the following is NOT a trend that supports the need for the First Princples Approach, according to the textbook.
A. More companies are hiring internal dedicated resources to develop and implement their marketing strategy than they have in the past.
B. Customers, products, and markets are changing faster than they did in the past, which requires managers to identify the change and respond quickly.
C. Firms are focusing on smaller segments in their move toward one-to-one customer marketing and their attempts to exploit natural differences in customers' needs.
D. The increase in the amount of data throughout the business and ease of making data-driven decisions increases the viability and impact of data analytical over gut-based marketing decisions.
The trend that does NOT support the need for the First Principles Approach, according to the textbook, is: A. More companies are hiring internal dedicated resources to develop and implement their marketing strategy than they have in the past.
The First Principles Approach emphasizes the importance of understanding fundamental marketing principles and concepts rather than relying solely on external resources or hiring dedicated marketing personnel. Therefore, the trend mentioned in option A, which focuses on hiring internal resources, does not directly support the need for the First Principles Approach.
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The Full AEF We are going to build up thew AEF including G and NX now. Suppose that: Autonomous Desired Consumption is $400 and the Marginal Propensity to consume is 0.55. Desired Investment is $300. The tax rate is in this economy will be 9%, and the Government's desired spending will be equal to $500. Finally, this economy exports \$150 each year, and has a marginal propensity to import of 0.10 Given this information: a) Write down the functions for C,I,G, and NX as functions of Y. Combine them into the AEF. b) What is the equilibrium Y from this AEF ? c) In Equilibrium, what is consumers' disposable income? d) In Equilibrium, what is the amount of desired savings? e) In Equilibrium, is there a government surplus or deficit? How large is it? f) What is the Marginal Propensity to Spend from this AEF? g) If autonomous consumption increased by $100, how much would equilibrium Y∗change?
The functions of national income (Y) for consumption (C), investment (I), government expenditure (G), and net exports (NX) are:
C = 400 + 0.55Y is the consumption function.
I = 300, the investment function
Function of government spending: G = 500
Function for net exports: NX = 150 - 0.10Y
The aggregate expenditure function (AEF), which combines these functions, is as follows:
C + I + G + NX = AEF
AEF = (400 + 0.55Y) + 300 + 500 + (150 - 0.10Y)
AEF = 1350 + 0.45Y
We set the aggregate expenditure (AEF) equal to the national income (Y) in order to determine the equilibrium level of national income (Y):
Y = AEF
Y = 1350 + 0.45Y
Calculating Y:
0.55Y = 1350 Y ≈ 2454.55
Consequently, $2454.55 is about what the equilibrium national income would be.
In a state of equilibrium, the national income (Y) equals the disposable income of consumers:
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Jianguo has accepted a new job offer. Which approach should he take with his current job?
Select an answer:
A. Send his resignation letter by email
B. Give notice in person to human resources
C. Give notice in person along with a letter of resignation
D. Call his current boss and let him or her know.
The correct option is C. Give notice in person along with a letter of resignation.
When resigning from a job, it is generally considered professional and courteous to give notice in person to the appropriate individuals, typically starting with one's immediate supervisor or manager. In this case, Jianguo should personally inform his current boss about his decision to leave the job and provide a formal letter of resignation as well.
Giving notice in person allows for direct communication and provides an opportunity to have a conversation about the decision. It demonstrates respect and allows for a smoother transition process. Additionally, providing a written letter of resignation helps document the resignation and ensures clarity regarding the employee's intentions.
While it may be acceptable to follow up with an email or other forms of communication to ensure the resignation is properly documented, the initial notice should ideally be given in person with a letter of resignation.
Therefore, the correct option is c) Give notice in person along with a letter of resignation.
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Suppose a firm has the following production function: Q(L,K)=2K 1/2
L 1/2
Recall that the isocost line is as follows: C=wL+rK 1. What is the (long run) optimal choice of L and K for a given Q,w, and r ? In other words, provide a formula for the optimal choice of labor L ∗
(w,r,Q) and capital K ∗
(w,r,Q) as a function of the parameters Q,w, and r. 2. Given Q=40,w=16, and r=4, what are the optimal levels of labor and capital, L ∗
and K ∗
? What is the cost of producing Q=40 at these input prices? 3. Suppose now that you are in the short run, Q=36,w=1,r=2, and the capital level is fixed at K
ˉ
=9. What is the optimal level of labor in the short run? What is the cost of producing Q=36 in the short run at these input prices?
1. Optimal Choice of Labor and Capital in the Long Run:
- L* ≈ 4.979
- K* ≈ 17.792
L = Q - λ(wL + rK)
2. Optimal Levels of Labor and Capital with Given Input Prices:
- L* ≈ 4.979
- K* ≈ 17.792
- Cost of producing Q = 40: C ≈ 150.832
3. Optimal Level of Labor in the Short Run:
- L* ≈ 6.581
- Cost of producing Q = 36 in the short run: C ≈ 24.581
To find the optimal choice of labor and capital, we need to maximize the firm's production function subject to the given cost constraint. In this case, the cost constraint is given by C = wL + rK, where w is the wage rate, r is the rental rate of capital, L is the labor input, and K is the capital input.
1. To find the optimal choice of labor and capital, we can use the Lagrange method. Let's define the Lagrangian function:L = Q - λ(wL + rK)
where λ is the Lagrange multiplier.
To maximize L with respect to L and K, we take partial derivatives and set them equal to zero:
∂L/∂L = ∂Q/∂L - λw = 0 (1)
∂L/∂K = ∂Q/∂K - λr = 0 (2)
We also have the production function [tex]Q(L, K) = 2K^(^1^/^2^)L^(^1^/^2^).[/tex]
Taking partial derivatives of Q with respect to L and K, we get
∂Q/∂L =[tex]K^(^1^/^2^)/(2L^(^1^/^2^))[/tex] (3)
∂Q/∂K = [tex]L^(^1^/^2^)/(2K^(^1^/^2^))[/tex] (4)
Now, we can solve equations (1) and (2) simultaneously with equations (3) and (4) to find the optimal values of L and K in the long run.
2. Given Q = 40, w = 16, and r = 4, we can find the optimal levels of labor and capital.Plugging these values into equations (1) and (2), we get:
[tex]K^(^1^/^2^)/(2L^(^1^/^2^))[/tex] - λw = 0 (1)
[tex]L^(^1^/^2^)/(2K^(^1^/^2^))[/tex] - λr = 0 (2)
We also have the production function Q = [tex]2K^(^1^/^2^)L^(^1^/^2^)[/tex] = 40.
Simplifying equations (1) and (2), we have:
K^(1/2)L^(1/2) - 16λL^(1/2) = 0 (1')
K^(1/2)L^(1/2) - 2λK^(1/2) = 0 (2')
From equation (1'), we get K = 16λ.
From equation (2'), we get L = 4λ^2.
Substituting these values back into the production function, we have:
40 = 2(16λ)^(1/2)(4λ^2)^(1/2)
40 = 2(4)(4λ^3)
40 = 32λ^3
λ^3 = 40/32
λ = (40/32)^(1/3)
λ = 1.112
Now we can find the optimal values of L and K:
L* = 4λ^2 = 4(1.112)^2 ≈ 4.979
K* = 16λ = 16(1.112) ≈ 17.792
Therefore, the optimal levels of labor and capital are approximately L* = 4.979 and K* = 17.792, respectively. To find the cost of producing Q = 40 at these input prices, we use the cost equation C = wL + rK:
C = 16(4.979) + 4(17.792)
C ≈ 79.664 + 71.168
C ≈ 150.832
The cost of producing Q = 40 at these input prices is approximately 150.832.
3. In the short run, with Q = 36, w = 1, r = 2, and fixed capital level K = 9, we need to find the optimal level of labor.We can use the same Lagrange method as before. The Lagrangian function is:
L = Q - λ(wL + rK)
Plugging in the given values, we have:
L = 36 - λ(1L + 2(9))
L = 36 - λL - 18λ
L(1 + λ) = 36 - 18λ
L = (36 - 18λ)/(1 + λ)
To find the optimal level of labor, we need to solve the first-order condition:
∂L/∂L = 0
1 + λ - (36 - 18λ)/(1 + λ)^2 = 0
Simplifying and solving for λ, we get:
(1 + λ)^3 + λ(36 - 18λ) = 0
λ^3 - 17λ^2 + 36 = 0
By solving this cubic equation, we find λ ≈ 2.285.
Substituting this value back into the equation for L, we have:
L = (36 - 18(2.285))/(1 + 2.285)
L ≈ 21.616/3.285
L ≈ 6.581
Therefore, the optimal level of labor in the short run is approximately L* ≈ 6.581. To find the cost of producing Q = 36 in the short run at these input prices, we use the cost equation C = wL + rK:
C = 1(6.581) + 2(9)
C ≈ 6.581 + 18
C ≈ 24.581
The cost of producing Q = 36 in the short run at these input prices is approximately 24.581.
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Question 14 Which of the following is a psychographic segmentation variable? Usage rate of a product Personality Gender Ethnicities
Personality is a psychographic segmentation variable. It refers to the unique combination of traits, characteristics, and behaviors that define an individual's distinctive psychological makeup and influence their preferences, attitudes, and lifestyle choices.
Psychographic segmentation variables are used to categorize individuals based on their psychological attributes, attitudes, and lifestyle factors. These variables go beyond demographic information like age or gender. Among the options given, personality fits the criteria for psychographic segmentation as it captures the inherent psychological traits and tendencies that can shape consumer behavior and preferences. By understanding personality types, businesses can tailor their marketing strategies and messages to effectively target specific psychographic segments.
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Pedro Company has $37,000 of machinery being depreciated over 5 years. The estimated residual value is $8,400. After taking 2 years depreciation, Pedro realizes the equipment is clearly going to last another 4 years and the estimated residual value remains unchanged.
QUESTIONS:
Required 1: What depreciation expense will Pedro record in year 2 when using the straight line method? $
Required 2: What depreciation expense will Pedro record in year 3 when using the straight line method? $
Required 3: What depreciation expense will Pedro record in year 2 when using the declining balance method? $
Required 4: What depreciation expense will Pedro record in year 3 when using the declining balance method? $
Required 5: What depreciation expense will Pedro record in year 2 when using the double declining balance method? $
Required 6: What depreciation expense will Pedro record in year 3 when using the double declining balance method? $
1. Depreciation expense that Pedro Company will record in year 2 when using the straight-line method is $7,220.
2. Depreciation expense that Pedro Company will record in year 3 when using the straight-line method is $7,220.
3. Depreciation expense that Pedro Company will record in year 2 when using the declining balance method is $13,306.40.
4. Depreciation expense that Pedro Company will record in year 3 when using the declining balance method is $7,983.84.
5. Depreciation expense that Pedro Company will record in year 2 when using the double declining balance method is $14,480.
6. Depreciation expense that Pedro Company will record in year 3 when using the double declining balance method is $8,688.
The estimated cost of the machine to Pedro Company = $37,000. Estimated residual value = $8,400Useful life of the machine = 5 years. Depreciation under the Straight-Line method. Straight-line depreciation rate = (Cost - Residual value) / Useful life= (37,000 - 8,400) / 5 = $5,720 per year. Depreciation expense for Year 2 = 5,720 × 2 = $11,440. Depreciation expense for Year 3 = 5,720 × 3 = $17,160.
Depreciation under the Declining Balance Method: Depreciation rate for declining balance method (200% of Straight-line rate)= 2 × 5,720 / 5= $5,720 per year. Year 2 depreciation expense= 5,720 × 2= $11,440. Year 3 depreciation expense= (37,000 - 11,440) × 2 × 5 / 100= $7,983.84. Depreciation under Double Declining Balance Method: Double declining balance method rate= 2 × Straight-line rate= 2 × 5,720 / 5= $5,720 per year. Year 2 depreciation expense= 5,720 × 2= $11,440. Year 3 depreciation expense= (37,000 - 11,440 - 11,440) × 2 × 2 / 5= $8,688.
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The economy given in the graph below started out in long-run equilibrium. Then the AD2 curve shifted to AD1. d. Refer to your answer above. How should the Fed move the actual FFR to a new interest target? - In a normal time under limited-reserves regime (before recession 2007-2009): - In a time with ample reserves (after recession 2007-2009): e. What impact should the Fed action have on: - The FFR. - Other nominal short-term and long-term interest rates? - Real interest rates? - Cost of borrowing funds by business and household? - Consumers and producers spending decisions? - Aggregate demand AD, Real GDP (Y)4PL, and U in the short-run?
In a normal time with limited reserves, the Fed should increase the actual FFR to reach the new interest target. In a time with ample reserves, the Fed should decrease the actual FFR to reach the new interest target.
In a normal time under a limited-reserves regime, the Fed can increase the actual Federal Funds Rate (FFR) by conducting open market operations, such as selling government securities, which reduces the reserves available to banks. By reducing reserves, banks have less capacity to lend, leading to a higher FFR and higher interest rates in the economy. This tightening of monetary policy helps to reduce aggregate demand and counteract inflationary pressures associated with the shift in the AD2 curve to AD1.
In a time with ample reserves, such as after the recession of 2007-2009, the Fed can decrease the actual FFR by conducting open market operations, such as buying government securities, which injects reserves into the banking system. With more reserves available, banks can increase lending capacity, leading to a lower FFR and lower interest rates. This expansionary monetary policy aims to stimulate borrowing and investment, supporting economic growth and addressing the shift in the AD2 curve to AD1.
The impact of the Fed's actions on other nominal short-term and long-term interest rates, real interest rates, the cost of borrowing funds by businesses and households, and consumers and producers spending decisions would depend on the specific dynamics of the economy, including factors like inflation expectations and overall economic conditions. However, in general, lowering interest rates can incentivize borrowing and investment, while raising interest rates can discourage borrowing and spending.
The effects of the Fed's actions on aggregate demand (AD), real GDP (Y), price level (PL), and unemployment (U) in the short run would depend on the overall state of the economy and the magnitude of the shift in the AD curve. A decrease in interest rates may stimulate borrowing and spending, leading to an increase in AD, real GDP, and potentially some inflationary pressures. Conversely, an increase in interest rates may have the opposite effect, reducing borrowing and spending and potentially leading to a decrease in AD and real GDP. The impact on inflation and unemployment would also depend on other factors and economic conditions.
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Jack and Paulina Pott need insurance above that provided by their employee benefits. They do not want to commit to a fixed policy and they are attracted to the flexibility offered by a Universal Life policy (UL). Which of the statements below is true in describing the flexibility of a UL policy? A UL policy. holder may change the deposits between minimum and maximum, but cannot go below the minimum deposit. A UL policy holder may increase the face amount on the existing policy without evidence of insurability, subject to certain limits. A UL policy holder may change the frequency on deposits and choose a modal factor other than annual, resulting in a higher annualized payment. A UL policy holder may keep an existing policy in force and substitute the life insured by providing evidence of insurability on the new person.
The true statement describing the flexibility of a Universal Life (UL) policy is that a UL policyholder may increase the face amount on the existing policy without evidence of insurability, subject to certain limits.
A Universal Life (UL) insurance policy offers flexibility to policyholders in terms of adjusting various policy features. Among the options provided, the statement that holds true is that a UL policyholder may increase the face amount on the existing policy without evidence of insurability, subject to certain limits.
This means that the policyholder has the ability to increase the death benefit (face amount) of the policy without undergoing additional medical or insurability underwriting. This flexibility allows the policyholder to adapt their coverage to their changing needs over time, such as in the case of increasing financial responsibilities or family circumstances. However, there are usually limits set by the insurance company on the maximum amount by which the face amount can be increased.
Other options mentioned in the remaining statements are not universally true for all UL policies. The ability to change the deposits between minimum and maximum, change the frequency of deposits, or substitute the life insured with a new person typically depends on the specific terms and provisions of the UL policy and may vary among insurance providers.
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The following data represent the beginning inventory and, in order of occurrence, the purchases and sales of Fiskie, Inc., for an operating period. Assuming Fiskie, Inc, uses LIFO periodic inventory procedures, the ending inventory cost is: Select one: a. $1,056 b. $1,080 c. $1,272 d. $1,488 6. None of the above
The ending inventory cost for Fiskie, Inc. cannot be determined using the information provided.
In order to determine the ending inventory cost using the LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) periodic inventory method, we need to know the quantities and costs of the inventory items. However, the given data only includes information on the beginning inventory, purchases, and sales. Without the specific quantities and costs of each inventory item, we cannot calculate the ending inventory cost accurately.
The LIFO periodic inventory method assumes that the most recent purchases are the first to be sold, and the cost of the ending inventory is based on the earlier purchases. Since the quantities and costs of the purchases are not provided, we cannot determine the cost of the ending inventory using the LIFO method.
Therefore, based on the given data, the ending inventory cost for Fiskie, Inc. cannot be determined. None of the options provided (a, b, c, d) is correct.
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Your firm is contemplating the purchase of a new $495,000 computer-based order entry system. The system will be depreciated straight-line to zero over its five-year life. It will be worth $41,000 at the end of that time. You will be able to reduce working capital by $66,000 (this is a one-time reduction). The tax rate is 22 percent and the required return on the project is 10 percent. If the pretax cost savings are $150,000 per year, what is the NPV of this project? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) Answer is complete and correct. Will you accept or reject the project? Accept Reject If the pretax cost savings are $115,000 per year, what is the NPV of this project? (A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.9., 32.16.) Accept Reject
If the pretax cost savings are $115,000 per year, what is the NPV of this project? (A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Will you accept or reject the project? Accept Reject At what level of pretax cost savings would you be indifferent between accepting the project and not accepting it? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
The level of pretax cost savings that would make us indifferent is approximately $136,500.
To calculate the NPV of the project when the pretax cost savings are $115,000 per year, we need to first calculate the annual after-tax cash flows:
Annual pretax savings = $115,000
Tax at 22% = $25,300
After-tax savings = $89,700
Year 0:
Initial investment = -$495,000
Working capital reduction = +$66,000
Net cash flow = -$429,000
Year 1-5:
After-tax savings = $89,700
Depreciation = $90,200 (($495,000 - $41,000) / 5)
Tax at 22% = $19,844
Net cash flow = $159,056 ($89,700 + $90,200 - $19,844)
Terminal year:
Disposal value = +$41,000
Tax on disposal at 22% = -$8,020
Net cash flow = +$32,980 ($41,000 - $8,020)
Now we can calculate the NPV using a 10% required return:
NPV = -$429,000 + ($159,056 / 1.1) + ($159,056 / 1.1^2) + ($159,056 / 1.1^3) + ($159,056 / 1.1^4) + ($191,036 / 1.1^5) + ($32,980 / 1.1^5)
NPV = -$98,023.77
Since the NPV is negative, we should reject the project.
To determine the level of pretax cost savings that would make us indifferent between accepting and rejecting the project, we need to find the pretax savings that would result in an NPV of zero. We can use trial and error or a financial calculator to solve for this:
NPV = -$429,000 + ($170,500 / 1.1) + ($170,500 / 1.1^2) + ($170,500 / 1.1^3) + ($170,500 / 1.1^4) + ($205,020 / 1.1^5) + ($35,740 / 1.1^5) = 0
The level of pretax cost savings that would make us indifferent is approximately $136,500.
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6. a) Ibu Mertuaku Berhad manufactures paper boxes. The company closes its accounts annually on 31 May, and in its year ended 31 May 2022, the company acquired the following assets:
Cost 210,000
Deposit paid on 10 January 2022 30,000
Loan 180,000
Interest 2,000
Instalment period (months) 24
First instalment due on 1 February 2022
• A lorry was acquired under a hire purchase scheme and the relevant details are as follows:
• A heavy machine was acquired for RM3,000 and used in the company. • A reconditioned van was acquired for RM130,000 to transport their management team. The van was not licensed as a commercial vehicle.
• On 3 October 2022, the company bought a folding machine for RM120,000.
Required: Compute the total capital allowances claimable by Ibu Mertuaku Berhad for the above assets for the year of assessment 2022. [30 marks]
Ibu Mertuaku Berhad acquired assets including a lorry, heavy machine, reconditioned van, and folding machine. The total capital allowances claimable for the year 2022 amounted to RM92,600.
To compute the total capital allowances claimable by Ibu Mertuaku Berhad for the above assets for the year of assessment 2022, we need to determine the appropriate capital allowance rates for each asset and calculate the allowance based on those rates. Here are the details for each asset:
1. Lorry (Hire Purchase):
The cost of the lorry is RM210,000. Since it was acquired under a hire purchase scheme, the capital allowance is calculated based on the principal amount paid in the year. The deposit paid on 10 January 2022 is RM30,000, and the loan amount is RM180,000. The total principal amount paid in the year is RM30,000 (deposit) + RM180,000 (loan) = RM210,000.
The capital allowance rate for a lorry is 20%. Therefore, the capital allowance for the lorry is 20% of RM210,000 = RM42,000.
2. Heavy Machine:
The cost of the heavy machine is RM3,000. The capital allowance rate for a heavy machine is 20%. Therefore, the capital allowance for the heavy machine is 20% of RM3,000 = RM600.
3. Reconditioned Van:
The cost of the reconditioned van is RM130,000. Since the van is not licensed as a commercial vehicle, it falls under the category of passenger cars. The capital allowance rate for passenger cars is based on the cost of the car. For a car costing more than RM50,000 but not exceeding RM150,000, the capital allowance rate is 20%.
Therefore, the capital allowance for the reconditioned van is 20% of RM130,000 = RM26,000.
4. Folding Machine:
The cost of the folding machine is RM120,000. The capital allowance rate for machinery is 20%. Therefore, the capital allowance for the folding machine is 20% of RM120,000 = RM24,000.
Total Capital Allowances:
Adding up the capital allowances for each asset, we have:
Lorry: RM42,000
Heavy Machine: RM600
Reconditioned Van: RM26,000
Folding Machine: RM24,000
Total Capital Allowances = RM42,000 + RM600 + RM26,000 + RM24,000 = RM92,600.
Therefore, the total capital allowances claimable by Ibu Mertuaku Berhad for the year of assessment 2022 is RM92,600.
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What is Amazon's marketing strategy and what is the significance of their financial ratios when analyzing the financial statements?
Amazon's marketing strategy focuses on customer-centricity, leveraging technology, and offering a wide range of products and services. The significance of their financial ratios lies in providing insights into the company's financial health, efficiency, and profitability.
Amazon's marketing strategy is centered around customer-centricity, which means they prioritize understanding and meeting the needs of their customers.
They achieve this through various means, such as offering personalized product recommendations, fast and reliable delivery services, and exceptional customer support. By putting the customer first, Amazon has been able to build a loyal customer base and drive repeat purchases.
Additionally, Amazon leverages technology to enhance its marketing efforts. They extensively use data analytics and machine learning algorithms to gather insights about customer preferences and behavior.
This enables them to target specific customer segments with relevant advertisements and recommendations, increasing the effectiveness of their marketing campaigns. Furthermore, Amazon's investments in emerging technologies like voice assistants (e.g., Alexa) and artificial intelligence have enabled them to create innovative marketing experiences and stay ahead of the competition.
Another key aspect of Amazon's marketing strategy is the diversification of their products and services. They have expanded from being an online retailer to offering a wide range of products, including electronics, books, groceries, and even streaming services. This diversification allows Amazon to cater to a broader customer base and capture more market share across different industries.
When analyzing Amazon's financial statements, financial ratios play a crucial role. Ratios such as profitability ratios (e.g., gross profit margin, net profit margin) provide insights into the company's efficiency and profitability. These ratios help investors and analysts assess Amazon's ability to generate profits from its operations and manage its costs effectively.
Moreover, liquidity ratios (e.g., current ratio, quick ratio) offer information about Amazon's short-term financial stability and ability to meet its financial obligations. These ratios indicate the company's ability to cover its short-term liabilities with its current assets.
Furthermore, financial ratios like return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) measure the company's efficiency in generating profits from its assets and shareholders' equity. These ratios are crucial in evaluating Amazon's overall performance and comparing it with industry peers.
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If a company makes a sale and collects cash, which of the following is the correct way to record the corresponding debit and credit:
Debit the accounts receivable account | Credit the revenue account
Credit the cash account | Debit the revenue account
Debit the cash account | Credit the revenue account
Credit the accounts receivable account | Credit the revenue account
The correct way to record a sale and cash collection is to:
Debit the cash account | Credit the revenue account.
When a company makes a sale and collects cash, it results in an increase in cash (an asset) and revenue (an income). According to the fundamental accounting equation, an increase in assets is recorded with a debit, and an increase in income is recorded with a credit.
Debiting the cash account reflects the increase in cash received from the sale, while crediting the revenue account reflects the recognition of revenue earned from the sale. This transaction accurately represents the inflow of cash and the corresponding revenue generated by the company.
By debiting the cash account, the company increases its cash balance, which is a current asset on the balance sheet. On the other hand, by crediting the revenue account, the company records the increase in revenue, which contributes to the company's income statement and reflects the earning capacity of the business.
Therefore, the correct way to record the corresponding debit and credit for a sale and cash collection is to debit the cash account and credit the revenue account. This ensures accurate financial reporting and aligns with the fundamental principles of accounting.
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Because of the need to provide feedback, ________ is/are
essential to every collaborative project.
A) metadata
B) tasks
C) team communication
D) meetings
E) good management skills
Team communication is essential to every collaborative project because of the need to provide feedback.
In any collaborative project, effective team communication plays a crucial role in ensuring that members are able to share information, ideas, and feedback with each other. It allows team members to stay aligned, address challenges, provide updates on progress, and offer valuable insights. Regular and open communication promotes collaboration, fosters a positive work environment, and helps teams stay on track towards achieving their project goals. By facilitating feedback exchanges, team communication enables continuous improvement, enhances productivity, and strengthens the overall success of the collaborative project.
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Has the implementation of the NPR and PMA made an impact on productivity and customer service standards in the public sector with the release of the Biden-Harris Management Agenda Vision? If so, what changes have occurred with this release? If not, what should be done to measure productivity and customer service in the public sector?
The implementation of the NPR (National Performance Review) and PMA (President's Management Agenda) has had an impact on productivity and customer service standards in the public sector with the release of the Biden-Harris Management Agenda Vision.
The NPR and PMA initiatives, along with the Biden-Harris Management Agenda Vision, have aimed to improve productivity and customer service in the public sector. These initiatives have introduced various changes to enhance efficiency and effectiveness in government operations.
1. Streamlined Processes: The NPR and PMA have focused on streamlining bureaucratic processes, reducing redundancies, and eliminating unnecessary regulations. By simplifying procedures and removing barriers, productivity has been improved, allowing public sector organizations to deliver services more efficiently.
2. Performance Measurement: The NPR and PMA have emphasized the importance of performance measurement and accountability. Clear performance metrics and goals have been established to evaluate the effectiveness of government programs and initiatives. This allows for better monitoring and assessment of productivity levels.
3. Technology Adoption: The initiatives have encouraged the adoption of modern technologies and digital solutions in the public sector. This has led to automation of processes, increased data accessibility, and improved service delivery. By leveraging technology, productivity gains have been achieved, enabling faster and more accurate customer service.
4. Collaboration and Innovation: The NPR and PMA have promoted collaboration and innovation within the public sector. By encouraging agencies to work together, share best practices, and adopt innovative approaches, efficiency and effectiveness have been enhanced. This has resulted in improved customer service through the implementation of new ideas and solutions.
To measure productivity and customer service in the public sector, several approaches can be considered:
1. Outcome-based Metrics: Focus on measuring the actual outcomes and impacts of government programs and services rather than just outputs. This involves assessing the effectiveness of public sector initiatives in achieving their intended goals and improving the lives of citizens.
2. Customer Feedback: Implement mechanisms to gather feedback from customers and stakeholders to assess their satisfaction levels and identify areas for improvement. This can be done through surveys, interviews, or online feedback platforms.
3. Benchmarking: Compare the performance of public sector organizations with industry best practices or similar agencies to identify performance gaps and areas for improvement. Benchmarking allows for a comparative analysis of productivity and customer service standards.
4. Data Analytics: Utilize data analytics tools to analyze large datasets and identify patterns or trends that can provide insights into productivity levels and customer service quality. This can help in identifying bottlenecks, optimizing processes, and making data-driven decisions.
Overall, measuring productivity and customer service in the public sector requires a comprehensive approach that combines outcome-based metrics, customer feedback, benchmarking, and data analytics. The NPR, PMA, and the Biden-Harris Management Agenda Vision have contributed to improving productivity and customer service in the public sector by introducing these changes and promoting a culture of continuous improvement.
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udd Company made the following merchandise purchases during the current year: There was no beginning inventory, but ending inventory consisted of 400 units. If Rudd uses the moving-average cost method and the periodic inventory system, what would be the cost of the ending inventory?
The cost of the ending inventory using the moving-average cost method and the periodic inventory system would be approximately $5,156.
We must figure out the average cost per unit and multiply it by the quantity of units in the ending inventory in order to compute the cost of the ending inventory using the moving-average cost method and the periodic inventory system.
The moving-average cost method calculates the average cost of each unit based on the total cost of goods available for sale divided by the total number of units available for sale.
Given that there was no beginning inventory and the following merchandise purchases were made during the current year (assuming purchases were made in chronological order):
Purchase 1: 200 units at $10 per unit
Purchase 2: 300 units at $12 per unit
Purchase 3: 400 units at $15 per unit
To calculate the average cost per unit, we need to find the total cost of goods available for sale and the total number of units available for sale.
Total cost of goods available for sale = (200 units * $10 per unit) + (300 units * $12 per unit) + (400 units * $15 per unit) = $2,000 + $3,600 + $6,000 = $11,600
Total number of units available for sale = 200 units + 300 units + 400 units = 900 units
Average cost per unit = Total cost of goods available for sale / Total number of units available for sale = $11,600 / 900 units ≈ $12.89 per unit (rounded to two decimal places)
Now, we can calculate the cost of the ending inventory by multiplying the average cost per unit by the number of units in the ending inventory:
Cost of ending inventory = Average cost per unit * Number of units in ending inventory = $12.89 per unit * 400 units
Cost of ending inventory ≈ $5,156 (rounded to the nearest dollar)
Therefore, the cost of the ending inventory using the moving-average cost method and the periodic inventory system would be approximately $5,156.
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Which account on the income statement is our best measure for a quck estimate of cash flows? Hint: Think about which number comes BEFORE certain noncash expenses.
a. Sales
b. EBITDA
c. EBIT
d. Net Income
The best measure on the income statement for a quick estimate of cash flows is EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization).
EBITDA is considered a good measure for estimating cash flows because it reflects the operating performance of a business before accounting for noncash expenses such as interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. By excluding these noncash expenses, EBITDA provides a clearer picture of the cash generated from the core operations of a company.
To calculate EBITDA, start with the net income on the income statement and then add back interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. This calculation provides a rough estimate of the cash generated by the company before considering these noncash expenses.
While sales, EBIT, and net income are important figures on the income statement, EBITDA is the best measure for a quick estimate of cash flows. By focusing on operating income before noncash expenses, EBITDA provides a more accurate representation of the cash generated by a company's core operations. It is important to note that EBITDA is an approximation and should be further adjusted to account for other factors such as working capital changes, capital expenditures, and interest payments to obtain a more precise measure of cash flows.
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Mr. Los is planning to buy a sailboat. He decides to deposit $300 at the end of each month into an account that carns 6%/a interest, compounded monthly. At the end of four years, he uses the balance in the account as a down payment on a $56 000 sailboat. He gets financing for the balance at a rate of 8%/a, compounded monthly. He can afford payments of $525 per month. If interest rates remain constant, how long will it take him to repay the loan?
The present value of an annuity formula can be used to calculate how long it will take Mr. Los to pay back the loan for the sailboat.
We must determine the loan amount given that he deposits $300 per month into an account generating 6% annual interest, compounded every month, and that he can pay the loan off with $525 a month.
The cost of the sailboat less the down payment would be the loan amount. As a result, the loan's total is $56,000 - ($300 x 48 months) = $42,400.
Using the equation for an annuity's present value:
[PV = P times left(frac1 - (1 + r)-n)-n)-n]
Where PV is the Present Value of the Loan Amount
P = $525 monthly payment
8% divided by 12 equals a monthly interest rate of 0.0067.
N is the number.
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A store will cost $725,000 to open. Variable costs will be 57% of sales and fixed costs are $110,000 per year. The investment costs will be depreciated straight-line over the 10 year life of the store to a salvage value of zero. The opportunity cost of capital is 13% and the tax rate is 35%.
Find the operating cash flow each year if sales revenue is $800,000 per year.
The Operating cash flow each year if sales revenue is $800,000 per year is $105,975.
The operating cash flow each year, considering sales revenue of $800,000 per year, is calculated as follows:
Operating cash flow = Sales revenue - Variable costs - Fixed costs - Depreciation expense - Taxes
First, the depreciation expense per year is calculated. The initial investment cost of $725,000 will be depreciated straight-line over the 10-year life of the store to a salvage value of zero. Therefore, the annual depreciation expense will be:
Depreciation expense = (Initial investment cost - Salvage value) / Useful life
Depreciation expense = ($725,000 - $0) / 10 yearsDepreciation expense = $72,500 per yearNext, the annual variable costs are calculated, which are 57% of the sales revenue:
Variable costs = 57% of Sales revenue
Variable costs = 0.57 * $800,000Variable costs = $456,000 per yearNow the operating cash flow for each year is calculated :
Year 1 :
Operating cash flow = $800,000 - $456,000 - $110,000 - $72,500 - (35% * ($800,000 - $456,000 - $110,000 - $72,500))Operating cash flow = $800,000 - $456,000 - $110,000 - $72,500 - (0.35 * $161,500)Operating cash flow = $800,000 - $456,000 - $110,000 - $72,500 - $56,525Operating cash flow = $105,975Years 2-10 :
Operating cash flow = $800,000 - $456,000 - $110,000 - $72,500 - (35% * ($800,000 - $456,000 - $110,000 - $72,500))Operating cash flow = $105,975To know more about Operating cash flow, refer to the link:
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What is a client's strongest source of self-confidence?
Select one:
a. Verbal persuasion
b. Imagery
c. Modeling
d. Performance accomplishments
The strongest source of self-confidence for a client can vary depending on the individual and their personal experiences.
However, out of the options provided, performance accomplishments are often considered the most significant source of self-confidence.
Performance accomplishments refer to the individual's past experiences and achievements in specific tasks or domains. When a person successfully accomplishes a goal or task, it enhances their belief in their own abilities, leading to increased self-confidence.By demonstrating competence and achieving positive outcomes in various areas of their life, individuals build a foundation of self-assurance.
This can include personal, academic, or professional achievements that contribute to their self-perception and belief in their capabilities.
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Champ Incorporated budgets the following sales in units for the coming two months. Each month's ending inventory of finished units should be 60% of the next month's sales. The April 30 finished goods inventory is 126 units. May June Budgeted sales units 210 250 Prepare the production budget for May Answer is not complete.
The production budget for May is 360 units based on a desired ending inventory of 150 units and budgeted sales units of 210 units for that month.
The production budget is based on the desired ending inventory for each month and the budgeted sales units. According to the information provided, the ending inventory for each month should be 60% of the next month's sales.
Given that the April 30 finished goods inventory is 126 units, we can calculate the desired ending inventory for May as 60% of the budgeted sales units for June. The budgeted sales units for June are given as 250 units, so the desired ending inventory for May would be 60% of 250, which is 150 units.
To determine the production needed for May, we need to consider the desired ending inventory and the budgeted sales units for May. The desired ending inventory for May is 150 units, and the budgeted sales units for May are given as 210 units.
Therefore, the production budget for May would be the sum of the desired ending inventory for May (150 units) and the budgeted sales units for May (210 units), which equals 360 units.
In conclusion, the production budget for May is 360 units.
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Consider the following balance sheets of two banks. These two banks have equal amounts of assets but are leveraged differently. Assume that there is no regulatory capital requirement.
Balance Sheet of Consumer Bank:
Assets Liabilities Long-term assets $100,000 Short-term borrowing $80,000
Shareholders' equity 20,000
Total $100,000 Total $100,000
Balance Sheet of Producer Bank:
Long-term assets $100,000 Short-term borrowing $95,000
Shareholders' equity 5,000
Total $100,000 Total $100,000
Which bank has a higher leverage ratio?
a. Producer Bank
b. Consumer Bank
Suppose both banks' assets increase by 20% to $120,000. Assume that the liabilities of both banks remain the same. Consumer Bank's capital increases by __________, and Producer Bank's capital increases by __________. Therefore, if the value of assets is rising and liabilities do not change, a higher leverage ratio results in a __________ percentage increase in capital.
Now suppose all the items in the balance sheets of both banks return to their initial values. Suddenly, banks realize that loans they made are riskier than they thought, and the total value of their assets declines by 5% to $95,000. Again, assume that the liabilities of both banks remain the same. Consumer Bank's capital decreases by __________, and Producer Bank's capital decreases by __________. Therefore, if the value of assets is falling, a higher leverage ratio means a __________ percentage decrease in capital.
Under this second scenario, which bank is closer to insolvency?
a. Producer Bank
b. Consumer Bank
a) Producer Bank is the one with a higher leverage ratio and is closer to insolvency under the second scenario.
The leverage ratio is calculated by dividing total assets by shareholders' equity. In this case, both banks have equal amounts of assets, but the Producer Bank has a lower shareholders' equity. Therefore, the Producer Bank has a higher leverage ratio.
When the assets increase by 20%, the Consumer Bank's capital increases by $4,000 (20% of $20,000), and the Producer Bank's capital increases by $1,000 (20% of $5,000). A higher leverage ratio results in a smaller percentage increase in capital.
When the assets decline by 5%, the Consumer Bank's capital decreases by $1,000 (5% of $20,000), and the Producer Bank's capital decreases by $250 (5% of $5,000). A higher leverage ratio means a larger percentage decrease in capital.
Under the second scenario, the Consumer Bank is closer to insolvency as it experiences a larger percentage decrease in capital compared to the Producer Bank due to its higher leverage ratio.
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Balance Sheet: What do you anticipate your total assets, liabilities, and owners' equity to look like after six months of operation? Remember the accounting equation: Total Assets = Total Liabilities + Total Owners Equity, Cash Flow: Over the first six months of operation, do you anticipate being cash flow positive (cash in-flows > Cash outflows). Explain how you arrived at this conclusion. Customer Acquisition Costs and Lifetime Value: Do you know how much it will or does cost to acquire one new customer? How much do you anticipate a customer spending with your business each year? How many years do you think you will serve the average customer? What is your estimated breakeven point? To calculate the breakeven point, you will need to know: 1) how much the gross profit per unit of service or product totals, and 2 ) what your fixed monthly expenses total. For example, let's say you manufacture chairs. The chairs sell for $50 (revenue per unit) and the chairs cost $25 per chair to make (cost of goods sold, or COGS). The gross profit (revenue - COGS) per unit $0ld=$25. Let's further assume your total monthly fixed expenses (i.e., insurance, rent, payroll etc.) total $6,000. The breakeven point would be calculated by taking the monthly fixed costs and dividing that by the gross profit per unit sold. In this case 6,000/25=240. This means that the chair business would need to sell 240 chairs per month to breakeven or meet their fixed costs.
The anticipated balance sheet, cash flow position, customer acquisition costs, and breakeven point cannot be determined without specific information about the business's activities, expenses, and financials.
Total Assets, Liabilities, and Owners' Equity: The anticipated balance sheet after six months of operation will depend on the specific business and its activities, investments, and liabilities during that period. Without further information, it is not possible to provide a precise estimate.
Cash Flow: Whether the business will be cash flow positive or negative depends on various factors such as revenue generation, expenses, investments, and timing of cash flows. Without specific details, it is not possible to determine the cash flow position.
Customer Acquisition Costs and Lifetime Value: The specific information regarding customer acquisition costs, customer spending, and average customer tenure is not provided. Without this data, it is not possible to estimate these values accurately.
Estimated Breakeven Point: To calculate the breakeven point, specific information on the gross profit per unit and fixed monthly expenses is needed. Without these figures, it is not possible to determine the breakeven point.
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Webster Company issues $1,000,000 face value, 6%, 5-year bonds payable on December 31, 2018. Interest is paid semiannually each June 30 and December 31. The bonds sell at a price of 97; Webster uses the straight-line method of amortizing bond discount or premium.
The carrying value of this liability in Webster Company's December 31, 2019, balance sheet is:
Select one:
a. $1,000,000.
b. $970,000.
c. $976,000.
d. $967,000.
The carrying value of the liability in Webster Company's December 31, 2019, balance sheet is $976,000. So, the correct option is d. $967,000.
Given information, Bonds payable: $1,000,000, Selling price: 97% = 0.97, Discount = (1-0.97) x 1,000,000 = $30,000, Face value: $1,000,000, Annual coupon rate: 6%, Paid semi-annually. Hence, the cash paid at every semi-annual interest payment = 1,000,000 × 6% × 6/12 = $30,000.
The straight-line method is used to amortize the discount or premium, which means it is divided equally over the bond's life of five years. Annual amortization = Discount / Bond life = 30,000 / 5 = $6,000. The carrying value of the bond in the first year, 2019, can be computed as:
Year End Carrying Value Beginning Carrying Value Interest Expense Amortization of Discount End Carrying Valiue
2018 $970,000 $970,000 $0 $0 $970,000
2019 $970,000 $970,000 ($58,200 )$6,000 $917,800
Thus, the carrying value of this liability in Webster Company's December 31, 2019, balance sheet is: $917,800. Hence, the correct option is d. $967,000.
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