A statement of the second law of thermodynamics is that:__________.
a) spontaneous reactions are always exothermic.
b) energy is conserved in a chemical reaction that has a decrease in entropy.
c) spontaneous reactions are always endothermic.
d) in a spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases.
Answer:
in a spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases.
Explanation:
Entropy is a measure of of the degree of randomness or disorderliness in a system.
The second law of thermodynamics can be stated as follows; "in any spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases."
The universe here refers to the system's disorder and the disorder of the surroundings. Therefore, a spontaneous process can occur, in which the entropy of the system decreases, only if the entropy increases in the surroundings.
For instance, when ice freezes, the entropy of liquid water decreases, that is, the entropy of the system decreases. However, heat is given off to the surroundings and the entropy of the surroundings increases. This is an obvious expression of this law.
one newton equals 0.225
A wave travels at 175 m/s along the x-axis.If the period of the periodic vibrations of the wave is 3.00 milliseconds,then what is the wavelength of the wave?
A) 25.5 cm
B) 35.6 cm
C) 42.9 cm
D) 49.5 cm
E) 52.5 cm
Answer:
E) 52.5 cmExplanation:
Step one:
given data
period T= 3 milliseconds= 0.003
velocity v= 175m/s
wave lenght λ=?
Step two:
we know that f=1/T
the expression relating period and wave lenght is
v=λ/T
λ=v*T
λ=175*0.002
λ=0.525m
to cm= 0.525*100
=52.5cm
The wavelength of the wave is E) 52.5 cm
A 500 kg car is moving at 30 m/s. The driver sees a barrier ahead. If the car takes 100 m to come to rest, what is the magnitude of the force necessary to stop the car?
How do you solve this question?
Answer:
F = 2250 [N]
Explanation:
In order to solve this problem, we must first use the following equation of kinematics.
[tex]v_{f}^{2} =v_{o}^{2}-2*a*x[/tex]
where:
Vf = final velocity = 0 (come to rest)
Vo = initial velocity = 30 [m/s]
a = acceleration or desaceleration [m/s²]
x = distance = 100 [m]
[tex](0)=30^{2} -2*a*100\\900 = 200*a\\a = 4.5 [m/s^{2}][/tex]
Now we must use the following equation of kinetics, which is based on Newton's second law that explains that the sum of forces on a body is equal to the product of mass by acceleration.
∑F = m*a
where:
F = force [N]
m = mass = 500 [kg]
a = acceleration = 4.5 [m/s²]
[tex]F = 500*4.5\\F = 2250 [N][/tex]
Ben is doing a lab with baking soda and vinegar. He noticed that a chemical
reaction took place when he mixed the two substances together. Which of
the following BEST indicates (shows) a chemical reaction took place?
A. a change in mass
B. a change in color
C. the production of a gas and bubbles
Which change in an object would increase the force needed to move the object?
А.
decreasing the velocity of an object
B
increasing the volume of an object
с
decreasing the mass of an object
D
increasing the mass of an object
Answer:
D i think
Explanation:
Heavier objects (objects with more mass) are more difficult to move and stop.
Answer:
Increasing the mass of the object (option D in the list of answers)
Explanation:
Recall that F = m x a
therefore, if the mass increases, the force increases
In the past, Africa used to be further away from Europe than it is now
(shown below). What could explain why Africa is closer to Europe now than
it was before? *
Answer: Plates shifting
Explanation: After years and years of plates colliding into solid rock, they slowly become closer together. As recent studies have shown, Africa is currently moving closer to Europe one centimeter every year (one inch every 2.5 years).
Answer:
nvudbwasivnjlscv bwbfvsz
Explanation:
While getting buff at the gym you lift a bunch of weights applying 1000N of force to lift them from the ground to a height of 2m. How much work did you do?
A. 2000 J
B. 1000J
C. -2000 J
D. -1000 J
A merry-go-round on a playground consists of a horizontal solid disk with a weight of 805 N and a radius of 1.58 m. A child applies a force 49.5 N tangentially to the edge of the disk to start it from rest. What is the kinetic energy of the merry-go-round disk (in J) after 2.95 s?
Answer:
The value is [tex]KE = 259.6 \ J[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The weight of the horizontal solid disk is [tex]W = 805 \ N[/tex]
The radius of the horizontal solid disk is [tex]r = 1.58 \ m[/tex]
The force applied by the child is [tex]F = 49.5 \ N[/tex]
The time considered is [tex]t = 2.95 \ s[/tex]
Generally the mass of the horizontal solid disk is mathematically represented as
[tex]m_h = \frac{W}{ g}[/tex]
=> [tex]m_h = \frac{805}{ 9.8 }[/tex]
=> [tex]m_h = 82.14 \ N[/tex]
Generally the moment of inertia of the horizontal solid disk is mathematically represented as
[tex]I = \frac{1}{2} * m * r^ 2[/tex]
=> [tex]I = \frac{1}{2} * 82.14 * 1.58^ 2[/tex]
=> [tex]I = 102.5 \ kg \cdot m^2[/tex]
Generally the net torque experienced by the horizontal solid disk is mathematically represented as
[tex]T = I * \alpha = F * r[/tex]
=> [tex]\alpha = \frac{ F * r }{ I }[/tex]
=> [tex]\alpha = \frac{ 49.5 * 1.58 }{ 102.53 }[/tex]
=> [tex]\alpha = 0.7628[/tex]
Gnerally from kinematic equation we have that
[tex]w = w_o + \alpha t[/tex]
Here [tex]w_o[/tex] is the initial angular velocity velocity of the horizontal solid disk which is [tex]w_o = 0\ rad/s[/tex]
So
[tex]w = 0 + 0.7628 * 2.95[/tex]
=> [tex]w = 2.2503 \ rad/s[/tex]
Generally the kinetic energy is mathematically represented as
[tex]KE = \frac{1}{2} * I * w^2[/tex]
=> [tex]KE = \frac{1}{2} * 102.53 * 2.2503 ^2[/tex]
=> [tex]KE = 259.6 \ J[/tex]
The glowing dot represents the transmission of a nerve impulse along the nerves that make up the neural pathway. A nerve impulse is an electrical signal that travels from one nerve cell to another.
Which part of the brain processes this signal?
Answer:
The answer is "Cerebral Cortex"
Explanation:
The neurotransmitter diffuses across the short distance of the synapse and ties to a receptor protein of the objective neuron. At the point when the sub-atomic sign ties to the receptor, the cell film of the objective neuron changes its electrical state and another evaluated expected starts. On the off chance that that evaluated potential is sufficiently able to arrive at limit, the subsequent neuron produces an activity potential at its axon hillock. The objective of this neuron is another neuron in the thalamus of the mind, the piece of the CNS that goes about as a transfer for tactile data.
At another neurotransmitter, synapse is delivered and ties to its receptor. The thalamus at that point sends the sensory information to the cerebral cortex, the furthest layer of dark issue in the brain, where cognizant view of that water temperature starts.
A region of the cortex is particular for imparting signs down to the spinal cord for development. The upper engine neuron is in this area, called the precentral gyrus of the frontal cortex, which has an axon that broadens right down the spinal cord. At the degree of the spinal cord at which this axon makes a neurotransmitter, a reviewed potential happens in the cell membrane of a lower engine neuron.
What is the velocity of an object after falling for 15 seconds, neglecting air resistance? (g=9.81)
O 77.499
O 0.64m/s^2
O 15.53 m/s to the left.
147.15 m/s downward.
Answer:
(ans147.15m/s downward)
Explanation:
initial velocity (u)=0m/s
final velocity (v)=?
v=u+gt. ( t)time taken=15seconds
?=0+(9.81)×15
?=147.15m/s
hope this helped
A certain heat engine does 30.2 kJ of work and dissipates 9.14 kJ of waste heat in a cyclical process.
A) What was the heat input to this engine?
B) What was its efficiency?
Answer:
a) [tex]H_{in}=39.34 kJ[/tex]
b) Efficiency=76.77%
Explanation:
a)
In order to solve this problem, we can use the following formula:
[tex]H_{in}=H_{out}+W[/tex]
the problem provides us with all the necessary information so we can directly use the formula:
[tex]H_{in}=9.14kJ+30.2kJ[/tex]
[tex]H_{in}=39.34 kJ[/tex]
b) In order to find the efficiency, we can use the following formula:
[tex]Efficiency=\frac{W}{H_{in}}*100\%[/tex]
so we get:
[tex]Efficiency=\frac{30.2kJ}{39.34kJ}*100\%[/tex]
Efficiency=76.77%
This diagram shows a baseball’s motion.
A baseball is shown at 5 positions along an arc from left to right. A is far left and C is center, with B halfway between A and C. E is far right with D halfway between C and E.
Which statement is best supported by the diagram?
Kinetic energy becomes potential energy between points R and S.
Maximum potential energy is at point P.
Maximum potential energy is at point R.
Potential energy becomes kinetic energy between points P and Q.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Maximum potential energy is at point R is best supported by the diagram. Therefore, the correct option is option C among all the given options.
What is motion?In physics, motion is a function of a body's position or orientation over time. Translation is defined as movement across a line or even a curve. Rotation is a motion that modifies a body's orientation. In all scenarios, the acceleration and directed speed of every point on the body are equal (time rate of change of velocity).
Every movement has a frame of reference to which it is related. A body isn't in motion when it is said to be at rest; rather, it is being characterized in relation to a reference frame that's also moving with the body. Maximum potential energy is at point R is best supported by the diagram.
Therefore, the correct option is option C.
To learn more about motion, here:
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Introduction to Simple Machines
This activity will help you meet this educational goal:
You will compare and contrast information from a video with information from a text.
Directions
Read the instructions for this self-checked activity. Type in your response to each question, and check your answers. At the end of the activity, write a brief evaluation of your work.
Activity
Watch this video and then answer the following questions based on what you learned.
Part A
How does a bicycle make work easier?
Part B
Which two examples of levers are mentioned in the video?
The picture shows a bicycle’s pedals. Look at the shaft that the pedals are attached to. Do you think the shaft is a lever? Why or why not?
Answer:
word for word answers!
Explanation:
1) Part A: By pedaling a bicycle lightly, the rider can go a long way
2) Part B: The two examples mentioned in the video are the handlebars and the brakes
3) Yes, it’s a type of lever because the two pedals rotate around a fixed point
-I...................ok
Answer:
What?
Explanation:
How long does it take a plane, traveling at a constant speed of 123 m/s, to fly once around a circle whose radius is 4330 m?
Answer:
3.7 minExplanation:
Step one:
given data
speed = 123m/s
radius of circle= 4330m
Step two:
We need to find the circumference of the circle, it represents the distance traveled
C=2πr
C= 2*3.142*4330
C= 27209.72m
Step three:
We know that velocity= distance/time
time= distance/velocity
time= 27209.72/123
time=221.2 seconds
in minute = 221.2/60
time= 3.7 min
Any living thing is called an organism,no matter if it is one-celled or many-celled. True or False?.
Answer:
I think it's most likely true.
Explanation:
any organism has the properties of a living thing, which includes cells, whether it has one cell or many
Answer:
False
Explanation:
An organism is a living thing that is a single-celled life form
John decided to cycle to his friend's house at a speed of 5km/h and the journey took 2
hours. How far did John cycle?
Answer:100 miles
Explanation:
Answer:
10 Km
Explanation:
He is going 5km per hour and he arrived at his friend's house in 2 hours. You multiply 5 by 2 and you get 10.
Please help
1. Who was Ptolemy and Copernicus?
2. Describe their ideas about the planets and the sun
Answer:
1 +2=3 so thats it
Explanation:
Because i need points
3
4
Lucy runs 4 meters to the east, then 5 meters south. What is the magnitude of her displacement?
Show Your Work
Answer:
The displacement is 6.4m
Explanation:
Step one:
given
we are told that Lucy runs 4 meters to the east,
then 5 meters south.
let the distance east be the displacement in the x-direction, and south be the y-direction
Step two:
The resultant of the x and y displacement is the magnitude of the total displacement z
applying Pythagoras theorem we have
z=√x^2+y^2
z=√4^2+5^2
z=√16+25
z=√41
z=6.4m
which of the following is true of phototsythesis but not of cellular respiration.
A- Photosynthesis releases oxygen gas as a product
B- Photosynthesis occurs in all organisms
C- Photo synthesis is a process in which glucose i broken down
D- Photosynthesis requires glucose as a reactant
Answer:
B. Photosynthesis occurs in all organisms
Hope this helps!! :)
A 12 kg coyote runs towards a rabbit in the Ortega Mountains
with a velocity of 8 m/s. Determine the momentum of the
coyote.
What is "given" in the word problem?
A) mass and velocity
B) momentum
C) momentum and mass
D) momentum and velocity
Given :
A 12 kg coyote runs towards a rabbit in the Ortega Mountains with a velocity of 8 m/s.
To Find :
The momentum of the coyote.
Solution :
The given in the question is mass of coyote which is 12 kg and velocity which is 8 m/s .
Momentum is given by :
M = mass × velocity
M = 12 × 8 kg m/s
M = 96 kg m/s
Hence, this is the required solution.
A metal box of weigh 20 N rests on its 1 m by 0.6m side on floor. How
much is the pressure exerted by the metal box on the floor? Take g=
10 m/s
Answer:
P = 33.33 [Pa]
Explanation:
The pressure can be calculated by the relationship of the force over the area.
[tex]P =F/A[/tex]
where:
F = force = 20 [N]
A = area = 1 x 0.6 = 0.6 [m²]
Now replacing:
[tex]P=20/0.6\\P=33.33 [Pa][/tex]
There is a bell at the top of a tower that is 45 m high. The bell weighs 190 N. The bell has ____________ energy.
Answer:
The bell has 8,550 Joule energy.
Explanation:
Gravitational Potential Energy
Gravitational potential energy is the energy stored in an object because of its height in a gravitational field.
It can be calculated with the equation:
U=m.g.h
Where:
m = mass of the object
h = height
g = acceleration of gravity, or [tex]9.8 m/s^2[/tex]
Since the weight of an object of mass m can be calculated as:
W = m.g
The gravitational potential energy is:
U = W.h
The bell of weight W=190 N at the top of a tower is h=45 m high. Thus its energy is:
U = 190 N . 45 m
U = 8,550 Joule
The bell has 8,550 Joule energy.
A golf ball flies through the air after being struck with a golf club. Which of the following statements describes the force on the ball as momentum is transferred between the club and ball?
A. The ball does not experience any force.
B. The force experienced by the ball is greater than the force experienced by the club.
C. The force experienced by the ball equals the force experienced by the club.
D. The force experienced by the ball is weaker than the force experienced by the club.
Answer:
C) The force experienced by the ball equals the force experienced by the club.
Explanation:
When the golfer strikes the ball with his club, the club exerts a force on the ball. Due to Newton's Third Law Of Motion [Every Action has an equal and opposite reaction], the ball also exerts an equal force on the club. However,
As the mass of the club is usually greater than the mass of the ball, it accelerates slower; While the ball way faster, following the equation : F=ma
The corect phase sequence shown
Gas, Liguid, Solid
Lqud, Gas, Solid
Sold, Liguid, Gas
Gas, Solid, Liquid
above i
Answer:
Explanation:
gas, liquid, soild
liquid, Gas, solid
Gas, Solid, liquid
One of the harmonics of a column of air in a tube that is open at both ends has a frequency of 448 Hz, and the next higher harmonic has a frequency of 576 Hz. What is the fundamental frequency of the air column in this tube?
Answer:
The fundamental frequency is [tex]f_1 =128 \ Hz[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The frequency of one harmonics is [tex]f_x= 448 \ Hz[/tex]
The next higher harmonic is [tex]f_z = 576 \ Hz[/tex]
Generally the frequency of an air column open at both ends is mathematically represented as
[tex]f_n = \frac{nv }{ 2 L }[/tex]
Here n is the order of the harmonics (frequency)
v is the velocity of the sound
L is the length of the column
So for one harmonics we have that
[tex]f_k = \frac{n v }{2L}[/tex]
Then for the next higher harmonics
[tex]f_x = \frac{n+1 ) v}{2 L }[/tex]
Generally the difference between these frequencies is mathematically represented as
[tex]f_z- f_x = \frac{(n+1 )v}{ 2L} - \frac{(n )v}{ 2L}[/tex]
=> [tex]576 - 448 = \frac{vn + v - nv }{2L}[/tex]
=> [tex]\frac{ v }{2L} = 128[/tex]
Generally for fundamental frequency n = 1
So
[tex]f_1 = n * \frac{v}{2L}[/tex]
So
[tex]f_1 =1 * 128[/tex]
=> [tex]f_1 =128 \ Hz[/tex]
Steelhead trout migrate upriver to spawn. Occasionally they need to leap up small waterfalls to continue their journey. Fortunately, steelhead are remarkable jumpers, capable of leaving the water at a speed of 8.0 m/s. What is the maximum height that a steelhead can jump
Answer:
s = 3.26 m
Explanation:
Given that,
Water leaves at a speed of 8 m/s
We need to find the maximum height that steelhead can jump. Let it can jump to a height of h.
At maximum height, final speed is equal to 0. We can use third equation of motion to find the maximum height.
[tex]v^2-u^2=2as[/tex]
a = -g
[tex]-u^2=-2gs\\\\s=\dfrac{u^2}{2g}\\\\s=\dfrac{(8)^2}{2\times 9.8}\\\\=3.26\ m[/tex]
Hence, the maximum height is 3.26 m.
The free-body diagram below shows the forces acting on a bicycle as the
rider pedals to the right. The vectors are not drawn to scale. The bicycle has a
weight of 800 N and a pedaling force of 250 N. As it moves, it encounters 75
N of air resistance. What is the net force on the bicycle in the x-direction?
Answer:
175 N to the right
Explanation:
I am taking the quiz and this is the correct answer. The pedaling force if 250 N but when it encounters 75 N of air resistance, it reduces to 175 N. This is because the air resistance is going opposite of you.
The weight of the bike and the cyclist are a force that the Earth applies to both of them and that acts vertically and downward, causing an action on the ground. The pedal-pushing force is transmitted from the crank arm to the chainring axis via the transmission forces.
What forces acting on a moving bicycle?When we press the pedals, the force travels to the back wheel, which then applies pressure to the ground. Strength of action. The pavement responds by exerting a force in the opposite direction but in the same direction on the back wheel. Hence, always move forward.
Therefore, Walking and biking are made possible through la friction. The friction created by the tire's pressure on the ground, It prevents the tire from rotating and keeps the lowest part of the wheel on the ground. The wheel is driven by this force, which is transferred to the wheel axle.
Learn more about forces here:
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A rocket will move upward as long as which condition applies?
