Answers
The statement 'photosynthesis and cellular respiration are opposite reactions' best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
What is cellular respiration?Cellular respiration is a chemical process where foods and oxygen are used to generate ATP in aerobic conditions.Conversely, photosynthesis is a chemical process where light and carbon dioxide are used to generate chemical energy.In conclusion, the statement 'photosynthesis and cellular respiration are opposite reactions' best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.The correct answer would be b. the products of cellular respiration are the same as the reactants of photosynthesis. Here are the equations for each:Photosynthesis is a series of metabolic reactions by which plants use energy from the sun and carbon dioxide to produce chemical energy, which is stored in the bonds of simple carbohydrates or sugars (e.g., glucose).Cellular respiration refers to the chemical reaction by which aerobic cells use the energy stored in the chemical bond of macronutrients (e.g., glucose) and oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP.Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts of plant cells, whereas cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm and mitochondria (both animal and plant cells).In conclusion, the statement 'photosynthesis stores energy for cells, and cellular respiration releases' correctly describes the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration.Photosynthesis:
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
OR
6 carbon dioxide + 6 water + sunlight --> glucose + 6 oxygen
Cellular respiration:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
OR
glucose + 6 oxygen --> 6 carbon dioxide + 6 water + energy
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Related Questions
how does the signal recognition particle (srp) function in sorting proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum question 8 options: the srp cleaves the signal sequence from the end of the protein after translocation into the er, releasing the protein into the er lumen the srp must be associated with a cytosolic ribosome before the ribosome can attach to the er membrane and initiate translation of an mrna encoding a protein with an er signal the srp is an integral membrane protein in the er that binds the signal sequence and guides the ribosome translating the protein to a translocation channel the srp binds the er signal sequence in the cytosol after synthesis of the protein has begun on a ribosome, and escorts the ribosome/mrna complex to the er membrane
Answers
The process described is called protein conflation(synthesis), which is also called translation(restatement), and is a process in which the information contained in a runner RNA patch is converted into proteins.
The process of protein synthesis, also called restatement, is grounded on the reading of messenger RNA and the union of amino acids corresponding to the codon sequence( sequence of three nitrogenous bases) present in this RNA. In protein conflation, thus, the conversion of information contained in RNA motes into proteins occurs.
The endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes are part of the endomembrane system.
The ER signal sequence is a hydrophobic aminoacidic region of the protein located at the N-terminal end which is recognized by the signal- recognition particle( SRP) and its receptor located on the rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
Thus, proteins destined for the ER are restated by cytosolic ribosomes and are targeted to the ER when a signal sequence emerges during translation.
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which size of particulates are the most harmful to human health? group of answer choices greater than 4.0 microns 2.0 microns to 4.0 microns 0.1 micron to 2.0 microns 0 microns to 0.1 microns
Answers
Option C, The most problematic particles range from 0.1 to 2.0 microns. These tiny particles often enter the lungs through the nose and throat and harm human health.
Particles between 0.1 and 2.0 microns in size can go deep into your lungs and even enter your bloodstream in rare cases. The biggest threat to human health comes from tiny particles, also known as PM2.5, which have a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers. The most hazardous particle matter human health because of how easily they may be inhaled due to their small size. particles enter your lungs after being breathed and are immediately absorbed into your circulation.
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Question
Examine the following diagrams. Columns I and II contain rock layers A, B, C, D, E and F. Both columns were taken from the same dig site at different locations. Which two layers are of approximately the same age?
Responses
A B & EB & E
B C & DC & D
C A & DA & D
D B & F
Answers
The layers that are approximately the same age out of the columns in the same dig site, are B. C & D.
How to know the age of rock layers ?Radiometric dating, which considers the ratio of two distinct isotopes in a sample, establishes the age of rocks. Geologists can estimate the age of a material using tools like this thermal ionization mass spectrometer because radioactive isotopes degrade over a predictable period of time.
Scientists do not establish the precise age of a fossil or rock using relative dating. To determine when an event occurred in relation to the other events recorded in that sequence, they examine a group of rocks.
Two rock layers are most likely the same age if they contain the same index fossils. Rock Layers C and D have the same index fossil which show that they are the same age because the fossil has fossilized to the same rate for both layers.
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Broadly speaking, how accurate are predictions of an individual’s various characteristics based on their genome sequence?
Answers
Answer:
Highly accurate, since the genotype controls the phenotype Not accurate at all, because many traits are complex and because there are unknowns about the environment any individual has been exposed to Somewhere in-between "highly accurate"
Explanation:
physical variations amongst organisms within the same species are caused by which genetic factor?
Answers
Physical variations amongst organisms within the same species are caused by mutations genetic factor.
Genetic variation refers to variations in traditional genetic expression. Genetic variation within a species can arise from a variety of sources. One source of genetic variation is mutations, which are changes in the sequences of genes in DNA. Gene flow, or the movement of genes between different groups of organisms, is another source. Mutation and recombination that occur during meiosis cause genetic variations. Mutagens, whether chemical or biological, play an important role in inducing mutations. Genetic variation is also influenced by random mating among organisms.
Mutations, gene flow, as well as sexual reproduction are all major causes of variation. By altering the genes of individuals in a population, DNA mutation causes genetic variation. As new people with various gene combinations relocate into a population, they cause genetic variation.
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the precambrian: group of answer choices is the age of algae, and occurred just before the mesozoic. is the age of trilobites, and occurred just before the mesozoic. is the age of trilobites, and occurred just before the paleozoic. is the age of algae, and occurred just before the paleozoic.
Answers
The algae provided the food and energy source that allowed the organisms to grow.
Common Precambrian fossils include stromatolites and similar structures, which are trace mats of algae like microorganisms, and microfossils of other microorganisms. The mesozoic ended with a great extinction at the end of the cretaceous period. All the dinosaurs except the birds disappeared in this extinction. Another mass extinction occurred near the end of the triassic period. The cenozoic era was a time when communities took on a more modern appearance. Bacteria were the first organisms to live on earth.They made their appearance three billion years ago in the waters of the first oceans. At first, there were only anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria.The fossil record of multicellular animals from the precambrian includes three main groups that have persisted to the present day.
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What are herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizers? how are they alike and how are they different?
Answers
Herbicides
A sub-division under Pesticides is herbicides. It is usually referred to as weedkillers, chemicals used to manage undesirable plants or weeds. They are Nonselective herbicides, additionally referred to as overall weedkillers in business products, and may be used to clean waste grounds, business and construction sites, railroads, and railway embankments since they kill all plant material with which they come into contact. Selective herbicides attack specific weed species while leaving the desired crop relatively unscathed.
Pesticides
Pest control agents are compounds known as pesticides. Insecticide, rodenticide, insecticide, microbicide, fungicide, and lampricide are some examples of these. The majority of pesticides are designed to act as crop protection agents, or plant protection products, which often shield plants from weeds, fungi, or insects.
Fertilizers
Any substance of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil or plant tissues to provide plant nutrients is referred to as a fertilizer. It is possible to distinguish fertilizers from liming agents or other non-nutrient soil additives. There are numerous natural and man-made sources of fertilizer. Fertilization for the majority of contemporary agricultural techniques concentrates on the three macronutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), with additions of supplements for micronutrients such as rock dust. Farmers can use a range of methods to apply these fertilizers, including dry, pelletized, or liquid application processes, as well as heavy machinery or manual tools.
Similarities
Herbicides, insecticides, and fertilizers all aid in good plant growth, which is a similarity between them. Pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers aid a plant by killing pathogens and unwanted organisms. They both provide the plants with protection and aid in optimum nutrient absorption. They aid in weed, insect, and pest growth control. Herbicides, Pesticides, and Fertilizers are available in natural form, hence they are bio-degradable.
Differences
Fertilizers provide the plant with the necessary nutrients in both dry and liquid forms. There are both organic and inorganic fertilizers. Plants utilize pesticides to get rid of, avoid, or control pests including snails, slugs, insects, and fungi that cause rots and mildew. Herbicides are substances that are used to control or modify unwelcome vegetation.To increase the number of nutrients in the soil, fertilizers are utilized. Pesticides work by eliminating, stopping, and discouraging hazardous organisms. Herbicides protect plants by eliminating the overgrown weeds in the region.To know more about Pesticides and Fertilizers, please refer to the link below:
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in the euglycemic individual, what percentage of glucose is reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubules?
Answers
The proximal convoluted tubule of the kidney reabsorbs almost all of the filtered glucose in a typical euglycemic person.
The sodium glucose secondary active transport occurs in the proximal convoluted tubules, where sodium and glucose are actively reabsorbed.Euglycemic DKA thus presents a difficulty to doctors since patients who arrive with normal blood glucose levels while in ketoacidosis may be disregarded, delaying the use of effective management techniques. In this post, we go through every potential cause of euglycemic DKA as well as the pathophysiology that goes along with it. We also go through how these people should be diagnosed and treated. Despite euglycemia, diabetic patients' ketoacidosis is still a medical emergency that needs to be handled quickly and effectively.To know more about glucose check the below link:
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Consider the following scenario and answer the questions that follow:
Scenario: an aquatic snail is placed in a test tube filled with water and
placed in a sunny environment.
2. Does cellular respiration occur?
Answers
In a scenario whereby an aquatic snail is placed in a test tube filled with water and placed in a sunny environment, cellular respiration occurs.
What is Cellular respiration?This is referred to as the process by which organisms use oxygen to break down food molecules to get chemical energy for cell functions. This process comprises of two types known as aerobic which occurs in the presence of oxygen while anaerobic occurs in the absence of oxygen.
In this example, we were told that an aquatic snail is placed in a test tube filled with water and placed in a sunny environment which therefore means that cellular respiration is most likely to occur regardless of the amount of oxygen present in the tube and is therefore the reason why Yes was chosen as the correct choice.
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Which animal organ system controls other organ systems? A. Circulatory system B. Reproductive system C. Immune system D. Nervous system
Answers
Nervous System controls other organ system
Answer:
nervous system
Explanation:
Think of the brain as a central computer that controls all the body's functions. The rest of the nervous system is like a network that relays messages back and forth from the brain to different parts of the body. It does this via the spinal cord, which runs from the brain down through the back.
Based on the lab results, which organism is most likely causing Tori's new symptoms?
Answers
Answer:
Based on the lab results, which organism is most likely causing Tori's new symptoms? Which of the following best explains why Tori developed a new series of symptoms? -Tori's immune system was compromised because of her respiratory infection, and this resulted in a yeast infection.
Explanation:
Use the word bank below to complete the sentence that follows
glucose, energy, chloroplast, sugar, sun
Plants use the carbon dioxide they take in to make __________, which is a _________ molecule that stores ______________ that the plant absorbs from the ______________.
Answers
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Gustatory receptors are sensitive to all of the following taste qualities EXCEPT1. bitter2. sour3. spicy4. sweet
Answers
All taste qualities aside from spicy are detectable by gustatory receptors, hence option 3 is correct.
What are gustatory receptors?Gustatory receptors are found on the tongue's papillae and are utilized to sense flavor. The olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity contains olfactory receptors.
Humans have gustatory receptors on their tongues, which are responsible for detecting the tastes of the various foods people eat.
Therefore, these receptors can detect umami as well as sweet, sour, salty, and bitter sensations, hence option 3 is correct.
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A of isolation in which two populations with complex courtship displays or rituals become
different enough that they no longer respond to the other's actions.
a. Geographic isolation
b. Behavioral isolation
c. Temporal isolation
Answers
Answer:
The term you are referring to is behavioral isolation. Behavioral isolation is a type of isolation in which two populations with complex courtship displays or rituals become different enough that they no longer respond to the other's actions. This can occur as a result of geographic or temporal isolation, but it ultimately results in the two populations being unable to mate and reproduce with each other. This can eventually lead to the formation of two distinct species.
Explanation:
Which type of inheritance is described here? a mutation in one gene results in heart problems, blurred vision and the inability to digest milk.
Answers
A mutation in one gene results in heart problems, blurred vision and the inability to digest milk is Pleiotropy which one gene results in heart problems, blurred vision and the inability to digest milk. Sex-linked traits can be described as a gene on chromosome 2 in mice that can cause males to lose hair earlier than females.
Pleiotropy refers to the expression of multiple traits by a single gene. These expressed features may or may not be related. Pleitropy was first noticed by the geneticist Gregor Mendel, who is known for his famous studies with pea plants. Mendel noticed that the color of a plant's flower (white or purple) was always related to the color of the leaf axil (the area on a plant stem consisting of the angle between the leaf and the top of the stem) and the seed coat.
The study of pleitropic genes is important to genetics because it helps us understand how certain traits are associated with genetic diseases. Pleitropy can be spoken of in different forms: gene pleiotropy, developmental pleiotropy, selection pleiotropy, and antagonistic pleiotropy.
This is a condition where one gene in the chromosome affects several traits of the organism. An example of a sex-biased trait is female mice having more hair than males.
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at which level(s) is eukaryotic gene expression regulated? a. post-translation b. translation and post-translation c. transcription d. transcription and translation e. transcription and post-transcription f. transcription, post-transcription, and translation g. translation h. transcription, post-transcription, translation, and post-translation i. post-transcription
Answers
Transcription, post-transcription, translation, and post-translation . DNA is keep within the nucleus of organism cells, wherever it'stranslated into mRNA.
The freshly created mRNA is then taken from the nucleus and placed within the protoplasm, wherever ribosomes convert it into supermolecule. The nuclear membrane physically separates the processes of transcription and translation; transcription solely takes place within the nucleus, and translation solely takes place outside the nucleus, within the protoplasm. At any purpose within the method, organic phenomenon isregulated.
Regulation might manifest itself at the epigenetic level, the transcriptional level, the post transcriptional level , the translational level or once the super molecule has been made(post-translational level).
Regulation might manifest itself at the epigenetic level (when DNA is uncurled and discharged from nucleosomes to bind transcription factors), the transcriptional level (when polymer is produced), the post-transcriptional level (when polymer is processed and exported to the cytoplasm), the interpretation level (when polymer is translated into protein), or the post-protein level (when the supermolecule has been produced) (post-translational level).
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Some plants produce fruit which contains their seeds. How does producing fruit benefit the plant?
O Animals often carry the seeds away from the parent plant when they eat the fruit.
O Seeds contained in fruit need the extra nutrients from the surrounding fruit to start growing.
O The fruit keeps the seeds from being damaged when they fall from the plant
O Fewer seeds get eaten by animals if they are hidden inside the fruit, where they can't be seen.
Answers
Answer:
The Role of Fruits
One of the main functions of a fruit is to spread the seeds and allow the plant to reproduce. Therefore, all flowering plants produce fruit, regardless of whether the fruit is edible, sweet, or soft.
Explanation:
Order the steps that occur as a protein is synthesized within a cell and finally excreted for use outside of the cell.
Answers
Answer:
1. The protein is synthesized within the cell using the information in the cell's DNA.
2. The protein is folded into its final shape.
3. The protein is transported to the cell membrane.
4. The protein is excreted from the cell, typically with the help of special protein-transporting molecules.
5. The protein is now outside of the cell and can be used for its intended purpose.
Explanation:
Which of the following describes the
coastal photic zones?
A. permanent darkness below 1000 meters with
bioluminescent bacteria, bottom feeders, and angler fish
B. up to 200 meter depth and includes photosynthetic
plants, sea anemones, sponges, crabs, and clams
C. the "twilight zone" between 200-1000 meters deep
and includes whales and octopi and little life
Answers
Photic zone up to 200 meter depth and includes photosynthetic plants, sea anemones, sponges, crabs, and clams. The correct option is B.
What is photic zone?The photic zone, also known as the euphotic zone, epipelagic zone, or sunlight zone, is the uppermost layer of a body of water where phytoplankton can perform photosynthesis.
It goes through a number of physical, chemical, and biological processes that allow nutrients to enter the upper water column.
The photic zone is the top layer of the ocean, closest to the surface, and is also known as the sunlight layer. Enough light penetrates the water in this zone to allow photosynthesis.
Thus, the correct option is B.
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a) two essential components of successful therapy are complete subgingival scaling with root debridement by the dental hygienist and effective daily dental biofilm control by the patient. b) the objective is to eliminate or at least suppress the pathologic microorganisms in the subgingival area to promote healing and hence control the infection. group of answer choices statement a is true and statement b is false. statement a is false and statement b is true. both statements are true. both statements are false.
Answers
Both claims are True - Deep, difficult-to-access pockets, overhangs, inadequate crown margins, and calculus that retains plaque are all major causes of recurrent illness.
Most of the time, a complete periodontal debridement performed under local anesthesia is sufficient to halt disease progression and improve the clinical signs and symptoms of an active illness.
However, further pharmacotherapeutic treatments should be taken into consideration if clinical symptoms of disease activity, such as increased pocket depths, loss of attachment, and bleeding on probing, continue after comprehensive mechanical therapy.
A dysbiotic inflammatory condition with negative effects on overall health is periodontitis. Insights into the formation and stability of dysbiotic oral microbial populations, which can mediate inflammatory disease at both local and remote locales, have been revealed by recent investigations. The mechanisms of microbial immune subversion that tip the scales from homeostasis to illness in oral or extraoral locales are discussed in this review.
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in what process is ATP produced?
Answers
Answer: Cellular Respiration
Explanation: ATP is also formed from the process of cellular respiration in the mitochondria of a cell. This can be through aerobic respiration, which requires oxygen, or anaerobic respiration, which does not. Aerobic respiration produces ATP (along with carbon dioxide and water) from glucose and oxygen.
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antibodies attach to mast cells via what part of the antibody structure? multiple choice 2 constant region antigen-binding region mhc region
Answers
Constant region. The method employed to eliminate the antigen and antibodies is determined by the constant region.
IgM, IgG, Iga, IgD, and IgE are the five main classes of antibodies, each of which is categorised according to its immunological function and constant region structure. The Fab (fragment, antigen binding) region is the name given to this area of the antibody. It is made up of one constant and one variable domain from each of the antibody's heavy and light chains. The variable domains from the heavy and light chains shape the paratope at the amino terminal end of the antibody monomer. While the fragment variable (Fv) portion of immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies is in charge of cellular or tissue targeting, the constant region is in charge of the effector immune mechanism and prolongs serum half-life.
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how weather affects the population of mosquitoes between June and September
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
the warmer air incubates viruses faster in mosquitoes, which gives them more time to spread them. Combine that with the fact that warmer temperatures make them hungrier for meals of blood, and you've got a recipe for a potential outbreak.
describe the 4 steps you need to perform in order to create a standard curve a protein quantitation using protein standards and the bradford reagent.
Answers
Start by serially dilution a known concentration stock solution. You are then given a set of tubes with various but known protein concentrations. Second, add dye to the tubes and let the colour fully emerge.
Measure absorbances and graph them against protein solute concentration, third. Steps 1-2 for preparation and dilution-
We performed a series of dilutions starting with 2 ml of stock albumin solution to produce six tubes with various albumin concentrations (mouse over image to show dilutions).
Step 3: Tubes' Dilution Factors
Each tube held 1 ml of liquid upon dilution. Our tube dilutions were as follows: 1, 100% undiluted stock; 1/2, 50% concentration; 1/4, 25% stock concentration; 1/8, 12.5%; 1/16, 6.25 percent; and 0, pure water without albumin, which we used as our "blank" tube.
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The wings of species X and Y are built on same basic pattern but are modified for flying. Based on the statement, discuss the type of evolution they represent.
Answers
Biologists can explain how a species of fly without wings evolved from an ancestral fly species with wings through environmental adeptness.
The wings of species X and Y are built on same basic pattern but are modified for flying?Environmental change is any change in an ecosystem or environment that warrens adaptability from the inhabiting organisms in order to survive. The ability to adapt to these changes is known as environmental adeptness. This is a form of evolution in which an organism will generate or loose characteristics in response to changes in its way of life.Biologist can explain how a species of fly without wings evolved from an ancestral fly species with wings through environmental adeptness because the presence of unnecessary wings would have caused the expenditure of energy with no benefit to the fly, therefore, the offspring of a fly who lives in an environment which has no need for the ability to fly will gradually loose their wings in order to retain more energy and function more efficiently. This is evolution through environmental adaptedness.Many species share much the same DNA: All living things have DNA molecules that encode all genetic information. Among living things there are similarities and sharing of parts of DNA. This is strong evidence of species evolution. An example of this is the similarity between humans and chimpanzees.Plant and animal cells have almost all of the same structures: Although there are some differences, plant and animal cells share almost all cell structures. This is a strong indication of how life has evolved on our planet.To learn more about species and wings refer to:
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what type of cavity treatment involves making an incision from the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis instead of using a trocar?
Answers
Direct incision treatment involves making an incision from the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis instead of using a trocar.
This occurs when esophageal acid from the stomach backs up. Since the oesophagus is situated beneath the breastbone and can get inflamed as a result of acid reflux, xiphoid process pain may also arise. Heart disease is one of the other causes of xiphoid process pain.
The sternum's xiphoid process is painfully swollen and uncomfortable when someone has xiphoid syndrome. The xiphoid process becomes inflamed, resulting in xiphodynia, as a result of mechanical trauma to that anatomical area. Since there is little information available on this uncommon condition, the prevalence of xiphoid syndrome is unknown.
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for a laboratory exercise in class, a student is given a mixture of small pieces of iron, sand, water, and salt. what physical property could be used to best separate the iron from the other ingredients?
Answers
Answer:
magnet
Explanation:
magnet attracts the iron
urgent!!
In gravitropism, auxin affects the cells in shoots and roots in opposite ways.
How are the two effects different?
OA. In stems, more auxin causes cells to grow longer. In roots, less
auxin causes cells to grow longer.
B. In stems, less auxin causes cells to strengthen. In roots, more
auxin causes cells to strengthen.
C. In stems, less auxin causes cells to shorten. In roots, more auxin
causes cells to shorten.
OD.
stems, more auxin causes cells to grow wider. In roots, less
auxin causes cells to grow wider.
Answers
If the root is not developing downwardly vertically, auxin builds up in the lower portions of the root, preventing cell elongation and leading the root to bend toward gravity.
What does 'cell elongation' mean?Any persistent enlargement of cells that have already been created during differentiation will be referred to as elongation. Cell elongation can also be described as any large boost in the cell wall's surface since the size of the a plant is dictated by the size of its surface.
What results in cell lengthening?By encouraging wall loosening by cleaving these connections, auxin lengthens stem and coleoptile cells. New cell membrane polymers may be intercalated in conjunction with this process.
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A small oceanic plate borders the North American Plate along northern California, Oregon, and Washington. As a result of
this plate boundary, the Pacific Northwest contains a volcanic mountain range known as the Cascades.
Based on the volcanic mountain range shown on the map, describe the motion of the plates and identify the type of plate
boundary in this region.
Answers
The motion of the plates is towards each other and the type of plate boundary in this region is referred to as convergent boundary.
What is Convergent boundary?This is referred to as a location or area where two tectonic plates move towards each other and it is based on different types of factors and the materials which are involved in the process.
This type of boundary is common along northern California, Oregon, and Washington and it contains a volcanic mountain range known as the cascades which depicts the collision of the plates which is therefore the reason why it was chosen as the correct choice.
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the non facilitated diffusion of a substance into or out of a cell requires what?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The non-facilitated diffusion of a substance into or out of a cell requires a concentration gradient. Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, and this process can occur with or without the help of proteins called transporters. Non-facilitated diffusion, also known as simple diffusion, is the process of diffusion that occurs without the help of transporters, and it requires a concentration gradient to drive the movement of molecules. When the concentration of a substance is higher inside the cell than outside, the substance will diffuse out of the cell, and when the concentration is higher outside the cell, the substance will diffuse into the cell. This process continues until the concentration of the substance is equal on both sides of the cell membrane.
Non-facilitated diffusion is called as passive diffusion, in this the movement of substances take place below the concentration gradient.
What is Non-facilitated diffusion?
The non-facilitated diffusion of a substance into or out of a cell requires an energy which is provided by the concentration gradient. Diffusion is the process through which molecules move from an area of their high concentration to an area of their low concentration, and this process can take place with or without the help of proteins which are called as transporters.
When the concentration of a substance is higher inside the cell than that of outside, the substance will diffuse out of the cell and the cell shrinks, and when the concentration is higher outside the cell, the substances will diffuse into the cell and the cell volume increases. This process continues until the concentration of all the substances is equal on both the sides of the cell membrane.
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