Claudius Ptolemaeus (85-165 AD) or Ptolemy believed Aristotle's theory that the Sun, Moon, and planets circled the Earth.
However, he improved it to account for the fact that planets sometimes appear to travel backward across the sky, called retrograde motion.
Galileo Galilei used various pieces of evidence to support Copernicus's heliocentric model and challenge the geocentric model proposed by Aristotle and Ptolemy. Some of the key evidence and observations that Galileo put forward include:
Observations of the phases of Venus: Galileo observed that Venus goes through phases just like the Moon.Observation of Jupiter's moons: Galileo discovered four moons orbiting Jupiter, now known as the Galilean moons (Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto). Observation of Saturn: Galileo observed Saturn using his telescope and noticed the presence of what he called "ears" or "appendages" on each side of the planet.Lunar observations: Galileo's observations of the Moon revealed mountains, valleys, and craters, contradicting the notion of a perfect and unchanging celestial realm put forth by Aristotle and Ptolemy.Sunspot observations: Galileo observed sunspots, dark spots on the surface of the Sun.Thus, it's worth noting that while Galileo provided empirical evidence to support the heliocentric model, his ideas and evidence faced strong opposition from the religious and cultural beliefs of the time, as they contradicted the established dogma of a geocentric universe.
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g The gastrointestinal tract has 4 basic layers. Which layer is the one that comes in contact with the food that you eat?]
Answer:
Muscularis propria
Explanation:
The gastrointestinal tract has the following four basic layers:
1. Mucosa is the innermost layer
2. Submucosa is underneath the Mucosa
3. Muscularis propria
4. Adventitia is the outermost layer
Muscularis propria is the one that comes in contact with the food that you eat.
HELP ASAP
When were stem cells first removed from embryos? Why is this controversial?
What are the current U.S. laws regarding embryonic stem cells? In your
opinion, should scientists continue research with stem cells, or if you had a
disease and would benefit from the stem cell therapies, would you want
scientists to continue their research?
Answer:
They should not continue with research of stem cells
Explanation:
3. What does the word photoperiod describe?
the length of daylight
the tilt of Earth's axis
the time of migration of various animals
the way plants grow
Answer:
a. or the length of daylight
Explanation:
pho·to·pe·ri·od
/ˈfōdōˌpirēəd/
Learn to pronounce
nounBOTANY•ZOOLOGY
the period of time each day during which an organism receives illumination; day length.
( this is the definition )
Answer:
The length of daylight, or also the way the plants grow. depends on what school program you use. Hope it helps :)
Explanation:
How do the equations help explain the role of producers in the ecosystem?
Answer:
Producers are organisms that create food from inorganic matter. The best examples of producers are plants, lichens and algae, which convert water, sunlight and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates. Consumers are organisms that cannot create their food. ... The producers are the foundation of any ecosystem.
Found this on google, hope it helps, have a great day/night and stay safe!
b. What will happen to a red blood cell placed in a solution of 10% salt?
in what part of the world is the greatest number of extinctions occuring?
Answer:In what part of the world are the greatest number of extinctions occurring? in deserts in the Arctic in tropical rain forests Q-26329
What are the four processes in which matter cycles on Earth?
Answer:In the rock cycle, rocks and matter go through uplift, weathering, erosion, deposition, melting, crystallization, and metamorphism as they travel between Earth's surface and its interior layers. In the water cycle, water particles undergo evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and flow.
Explanation:
Are there different names given to volcanoes to describe their level of activity? If so, what are they?
GIVING BRAINLIEST TO FIRST GOOD ANSWER! A LOT OF POINTS PLS ADD EXPLANATION MARINE SCIENCE
A scientist wants to test whether the pH, salinity, or temperature of seawater impacts coral development. He sets up an experiment with three conditions:
Aquarium 1: Normal pH, normal salinity, normal temperature
Aquarium 2: High pH, high salinity, high temperature
Aquarium 3: Low pH, low salinity, low temperature
What factor would improve experimental design the most? (3 points)
Select one:
a. Eliminating Aquarium 1 since it only uses normal conditions
b. Testing one variable at a time and keeping the other two variables constant
c. Using one aquarium and changing the variables from day to day
d. Setting up the variables on a gradient in each aquarium
Answer: The answer is 1
Explanation:
MARKING PEOPL AS BRAINLIST⚠️
Why does cell size need to be limited?
Where does the DNA come from that is in the parent cell?
Answer:
Your genome is inherited from your parents, half from your mother and half from your father. The gametes are formed during a process called meiosis. Like your genome, each gamete is unique, which explains why siblings from the same parents do not look the same.
The need to be able to pass nutrients and gases into and out of the cell sets a limit on how big cells can be. The larger a cell gets, the more difficult it is for nutrients and gases to move in and out of the cell. As a cell grows, its volume increases more quickly than its surface area.
Explanation:
The need to be able to pass nutrients and gases into and out of the cell sets a limit on how big cells can be. The larger a cell gets, the more difficult it is for nutrients and gases to move in and out of the cell. As a cell grows, its volume increases more quickly than its surface area.\
And as for the DNA, your genome is inherited from your parents, half from your mother and half from your father. The gametes are formed during a process called meiosis. Like your genome, each gamete is unique, which explains why siblings from the same parents do not look the same.
When the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is the SAME, the solution is
Answer:
When the concentration of molecules of a substance is the same on both sides of a membrane the solution is isotonic.
Explanation:
A given substance, when it has the same concentration on both sides of the membrane, is in equilibrium and the solution is called isotonic, from the extracellular space with respect to the cytoplasm.
The cell membrane is semipermeable to the passage of water and some substances. Hypertonic and hypotonic solutions tend to establish the dynamics of entry and exit of molecules or water, due to the concentration or osmotic gradients that are established, respectively.
An isotonic solution does not generate gradients, because the concentration of molecules is equal in the extracellular space with respect to the intracellular space.
The diagram shows how specialized body cells can develop. Which of the following best explains why cells that contain the same genetic material do not develop into the same types of cells
Answer:
Can you provide the diagram?
Explanation:
Answer:
A
Explanation:
if one species in a community dies out or moves, the community will
Answer:
The community will slowly decline, or be just fine, or be better off.
Explanation:
Wolves being killed in Yellowstone showed that Yellowstone suffered, because there was nothing to kill the elk, so their population exploded and they ate everything.
If certain rats were gone in certain areas, then the community/environment would be fine, because rats eat birds and other small animals (they eat too many of them).
And if stray cats were gone then certain forests would be better off and see an increase in birds population, stray cats eat birds.
Why is it important to have a control group in the experimental design?
The control group is the main one because it acts as a benchmark to balance the results of the experiment.
What is control group in the experiment?Control groups are a principal aspect of true experimental designs. The presence of control groups authorizes researchers to confirm that study results are due to the drafts of independent variables rather than irrelevant variables. The control group of an experiment is a group that is not revealed to the independent variable and thus serves as a benchmark to which to compare the outcome of the experimental group. An experimental group, also known as a use of group, receives the treatment whose effect researchers wish to study, whereas a control group does not. They should be similar in all other ways.
So we can conclude that an example of a control group is a group of individuals in a detached trial that receive placebo pills instead of medication.
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What would happen to the sea otter population if the amount of light available to the kelp
decreased due to construction of new buildings near the coast?
HELP PLEASEEEE
Answer:
forced immagration
Explanation:
they must find the light
what type of tide has the highest amplitude
Definition of the primary structure of a protein
Which of the digestive processes above will be found in the chemical change section of the Venn diagram shown above?
Oh
Someone please help me on this one thanks
Answer:
25 degrees
Explanation:
if you look at the highest point and trace down, it goes to almost 25, so 25 results in the highest rate
Answer:
D
Explanation:
That is where the highest point is
Complete each of the following (1-11). Each answer should be a MINIMUM of 5 sentences.
1. Describe the following stages:
a. G1 Phase
b. S Phase
c. G2 Phase
d. Mitosis
e. Cytokinesis
2. How do cells produce new cells for growth and repair?
3. Compare mitosis and meiosis.
4. Describe Gregor Mendel’s contribution to the study of genetics.
5. Describe how you can use a Punnett Square to predict the probability that offspring will inherit a trait.
6. What are phenotypes and genotypes?
7. Summarize the process of DNA Replication.
8. Describe the processes of transcription and translation.
9. What are mutations and how do they increase the genetic variation within a species?
10. What is DNA fingerprinting?
Answer:
The answer will be listed below.
Explanation:
1.)-
a.) G1 Phase- Following cytokinesis, during G1 phase the cells monitor environment for the potential growth factors, grow larger and once achieve the threshold size then starts the progression through S phase.
b.) S Phase- To produce two similar daughter cells, the complete DNA instructions in the cell must be duplicated. DNA replication occurs during this S phase.
c.) G2 Phase- During the gap between DNA synthesis and mitosis, the cell will continue to grow and produce new proteins. At the end of this gap is another control checkpoint to determine if the cell can now proceed to enter Mitosis and divide.
d.) Mitosis- Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase occurs in Mitosis. During prophase, the parent cell chromosomes, which were duplicated during S phase, condense and become thousands of times more compact than they were during interphase.
Metaphase is a stage in the cell cycle where all the genetic material is condensing into chromosomes. As metaphase continues, the cells partition into the two daughter cells.
Anaphase- In anaphase, the sister chromatids separate from each other and are pulled towards opposite ends of the cell. The protein that holds the sister chromatids together is broken down, allowing them to separate.
During telophase (the final stage), the chromosomes arrive at the cell poles, the mitotic spindle disassembles, and the vesicles that contain fragments of the original nuclear membrane assemble around the two sets of chromosomes.
e.) Cytokinesis- During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm splits in two and the cell divides.
2.) They go through the process of Mitosis. Mitosis consists of four steps: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.
3.) Mitosis takes place all over the body, while meiosis only takes place in the sex organs and produces sex cells. Mitosis consists of one stage whereas meiosis consists of two stages. Mitosis produces diploid cells, whereas meiosis produces haploid cells. Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells whereas meiosis produces four genetically different daughter cells.
A similarity between mitosis and meiosis is that they both produce new cells and start with one a single parent cell to duplicate.
4.) Gregor Mendel, through his work on pea plants, discovered the fundamental laws of inheritance. He deduced that genes come in pairs and are inherited as distinct units, one from each parent. Mendel tracked the segregation of parental genes and their appearance in the offspring as dominant or recessive traits.
5.) The Punnett square is a square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment.
6.) A genotype refers to the genetic characteristics of an organism. A phenotype refers to the physical characteristics.
7.) The opening of the double helix and separation of the DNA strands, the priming of the template strand, and the assembly of the new DNA segment. During separation, the two strands of the DNA double helix uncoil at a specific location called the origin.
8.) Transcrption-
Initiation- The DNA molecule unwinds and separates to form a small open complex.
Elongation- RNA polymerase moves along the template strand, synthesising an mRNA molecule.
Termination- In prokaryotes there are two ways in which transcription is terminated.
Processing...
Translation- Translation happens in four stages: activation (make ready), initiation (start), elongation (make longer) and termination (stop). These terms describe the growth of the amino acid chain (polypeptide).
9.) A mutation is a change in a DNA sequence. Mutations can result from DNA copying mistakes made during cell division, exposure to ionizing radiation, exposure to chemicals called mutagens, or infection by viruses. Mutation has introduce a new allele into the population that increases genetic variation and may be passed on to the next generation.
10.) DNA fingerprinting is a method used to identify an individual from a sample of DNA by looking at unique patterns in their DNA.
A particular triplet of bases in the template strand of a coding sequence of DNA is AAA. The anticodon on the tRNA that binds the corresponding mRNA codon is
Answer:
AAA
Explanation:
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both involve the use and release of gases. Which
statement correctly identifies the role of gases in the two processes?
F Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both use carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
G Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both use oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
H Cellular respiration uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, while photosynthesis uses
carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.
J
Cellular respiration uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen, while photosynthesis uses
oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.
Answer:
H
Explanation:
Cellar respiration uses oxygen and release carbondioxide, while photosynthesis uses carbondioxide and release oxygen.
Why was the Cherokee writing system important?
Answer:Cherokee was one of the first American Indian languages to have a system of writing devised for it—a syllabary, so called because each of the graphic symbols represents a syllable.
Explanation:
Pls help idk remember this
Answer:
??
Explanation:
ntn showz
Which best describes the role of carbon in the body?
A.
Converts food into energy
B.
Makes up part of water
C.
Used to build teeth
D.
Used in proteins
Answer:
used in proteins
is the answer
Explanation:
please mark as Brainlest answer
and follow me please please please
Answer:
used in proteins
Explanation:
5. Condensation
6. Evaporation
a. Liquid water changes into water vapor.
b. Water vapor changes into liquid water in the clouds.
Answer:
5 condensation - b water vapor changes into liquid water in the clouds
6 evaporation - a liquid water changes into vapor water
Explanation:
sorry if I'm wrong
Answer:
5 condensation - b water vapor changes into liquid water in the clouds
6 evaporation - a liquid water changes into vapor water
Explanation:
I need fast answer please!
Explain how 1st and 2nd law of thermodynamics applies to the trophic structure of an ecosystem?
Answer:
First law: In the ecosystem, the energy flow from lower levels of the food chain to the highest levels
Second law: During energy transference between trophic levels, the main part of the energy is lost as heat and other processes.
Explanation:
The first law of thermodynamics states that the energy can not be created or destroyed, but instead it is transformed into one type to another. Moreover, the second law states that when energy is transformed an important proportion of this energy is lost as heat, and it increases the entropy level.
In an ecosystem, the energy flow is unidirectional, it means that energy flow from primary producers to primary consumers, then from primary consumers to secondary consumers and so successively in all levels. Moreover, organisms fight against entropy by converting foods into energy (which is used to maintain order within their cells. During the feeding process, the energy intake is not 100 % efficient, it means that most part of the energy is lost as heat (approximately 90%), thereby increasing the entropy in the ecosystem.
Jamal ate a meal of rice before seeing his doctor. Rice is made of mostly starch molecules. Jamal has been feeling tired a lot, so his doctor gave his a test that found jamal’s cells contained normal levels of oxygen and low levels of glucose. Does this explain why Jamal has been feeling tired
Answer:
Yes, Jamal’s respiratory system is working, but his digestive system is not breaking down starch molecules into glucose for his cells.
Explanation:
Jamal ate a meal of rice before seeing his doctor. Jamal has been feeling tired because his body cannot breakdown the starch molecules into glucose and thus has low levels of glucose in the blood.
What is a healthy diet?
A healthy diet is a diet which maintains or improves the overall health of an individual. A healthy diet provides the body with all the essential nutrients in sufficient amount. A healthy diet contains fluids, macronutrients such as protein, micronutrients such as vitamins with adequate amount of fiber and food energy.
Jamal is eating a meal of rice before seeing the doctor. He is feeling tired. After the test, it was observed that the oxygen level is normal however he has a low level of glucose. This is because rice contains high amount of starch, which is a polysaccharide of glucose. This starch is broken down by the body into glucose units which are used by the cells in producing energy. However, Jamal's body cannot break down this starch into glucose molecules and thus show low levels of glucose molecules.
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Which phrases describe a metamorphic rock
Answer:
formed by a volcano
Explanation:
Rocks are formed on Earth as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks form when rocks are heated to the melting point which forms magma . Metamorphic rocks form from heat and pressure changing the original or parent rock into a completely new rock.
Answer:
formed from a volcano
Explanation:
i took the test got it right, hope this helps! :)
Adenine and Thymine are examples of...
Adenine and Thymine are examples of nitrogenous bases in a nucleotide.
What is a nucleotide base?A nucleotide is the monomer constituting DNA or RNA biopolymer molecules.
Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous heterocyclic base (or nucleobase), which can be either a double-ringed purine or a single-ringed pyrimidine; a five-carbon pentose sugar (deoxyribose in DNA or ribose in RNA); and a phosphate group.
The two classes of nitrogenous bases are purines and pyrimidines and they are as follows;
Purines - Adenine and GuaninePyrimidines - Cytosine, Uracil, ThymineAccording to this question, Adenine and thymine are examples of nitrogenous bases.
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