For a high-risk investment, managers require a high reward.
Frank is a 60- year-old man who is well-loved in his community since he was a boy. He is someone who is outgoing, a party lover, and love to have fun hanging out with peers. Frank is confident about life. From an early age he knew exactly what he wanted to become, and now as a man, he is confident about his career and family and want to leave them a good life when he departs this life. Frank express that he is not afraid of dying but he wants them to be ok when he is gone.
At work Frank is helpful to his colleagues, and even in his community he is well-known among the elderly since he is always putting on Christmas treats for them.
Imagine that Frank is your colleague, and that your boss asks you to write a character reference for Frank. Using Jung’s personality theory to guide your writing, present a minimum one- page character reference in which you spell out Franks behaviour, his outlook on life, his philosophy about people and all the other important things you know about him. Ensure you point out how these different parts of Franks life fits into Jung’s theory and overall what Jung’s theoretical concept says about him.
Answer:
I had a friend named Frank. He is a good friend of mine.I know him for more than 40 years. He has been with me in all my struggles and my happiness.I am very lucky to have a friend like him. He is not only a good friend of mine he is a good human being.He is friendly and kind to all the people.He is a well behaved person and respectful for everyone he meet.From his childhood he has a burning desire to achieve in life.He studies well and gives 100% in whatever he do.He works passionate in whatever he does.I got all my confidence from him.He had supported my in all my studies and also motivated me to achieve in my life.He got a good family and supported his family and gave them the best as he can.Even after his death he made everything ready for his family so that they will not suffer from his loss.I have never met such a person in my life.I am very ,much thankful for them and really it is a nice platform for me to thank him and i am very happy to write about him.
Explanation:
I had a friend named Frank. He is a good friend of mine.I know him for more than 40 years. He has been with me in all my struggles and my happiness.I am very lucky to have a friend like him. He is not only a good friend of mine he is a good human being.He is friendly and kind to all the people.He is a well behaved person and respectful for everyone he meet.From his childhood he has a burning desire to achieve in life.He studies well and gives 100% in whatever he do.He works passionate in whatever he does.I got all my confidence from him.He had supported my in all my studies and also motivated me to achieve in my life.He got a good family and supported his family and gave them the best as he can.Even after his death he made everything ready for his family so that they will not suffer from his loss.I have never met such a person in my life.I am very ,much thankful for them and really it is a nice platform for me to thank him and i am very happy to write about him.
New lithographic equipment, acquired at a cost of $859,200 on March 1 of Year 1 (beginning of the fiscal year), has an estimated useful life of five years and an estimated residual value of $96,660. The manager requested information regarding the effect of alternative methods on the amount of depreciation expense each year. On the basis of the data presented to the manager, the double-declining-balance method was selected.
Required:
a. Determine the annual depreciation expense for each of the estimated five years of use, the accumulated depreciation at the end of each year, and the book value of the equipment at the end of each year by (a) the straight-line method and (b) the double-declining-balance method. Round your answers to the nearest whole dollar.
b. Journalize the entry to record the sale assuming the manager chose the double-declining-balance method.
Answer and Explanation:
The calculation and the journal entry is given below:
a)
Depreciation expense= (Original cost - Residual Value) ÷ Estimated useful life
= $(859200 - 96660) ÷ 5
= $152508
Year Depreciation Expense Accumulated depreciation Book Value,
1 $152508 $152508 $706692
2 152508 305016 554184
3 152508 457524 401676
4 152508 610032 249168
5 152508 762540 96660
b)
Depreciation rate is
= 100 ÷ 5 × 2
= 40%
Year Depreciation Expense Accumulated depreciation Book Value,
1 $343680 $343680 $515520
( 40% of 859200)
2 206208 549888 309312
(40% of 515520)
3 123725 673613 185587
4 74235 747848 111352
5 14692 762540 96660
(111352-96660)
c)
The journal entry is
Cash $141422.00
Accumulated depreciation- Equipment $747848.00
To Gain on sale of Equipment $30070.00
To Equipment $859200.00
(Being the sale of equipment is recorded)
Many experts believe that marketing is the most important function in a company. Discuss the reasons this is a true statement. Discuss the reasons this is not a true statement.
Solution :
Marketing is considered as an important function in a company.
Marketing is an important function in any organization as it allows the business to maintain a long-lasting and an ever-present relationships with the audience. It increase the brand value and generates revenue for the organization.
Marketing is not considered as an important function in a company.
Besides marketing there are other function as well which are important for an organization. The human resource department is an important function which maintains the relationship between the employees and the management. It works for the welfare of its employees which is considered as asset to the organization.
Also attention should be given to manufacture a good product seeing the demand in the market that can be easily available and usable by the customer. More research should be done to develop a product that is best for its consumers.
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, signed by President Barack Obama in 2009, aimed at: Group of answer choices providing higher unemployment benefits to the residents of the economy. removing the supply bottlenecks in the economy. ensuring free trade flows across the world. stimulating the aggregate demand in the economy. closing an expansionary gap through a contractionary fiscal policy.
Answer: Stimulating the aggregate demand in the economy.
Explanation:
When former President Obama took over the governing of the nation in 2009, the country was in the midst of one of the worst global depressions that it had ever been through. Employment was high and aggregate demand was low.
President Obama therefore embarked on an expansionary fiscal policy by passing the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act which was to target certain sectors of the economy with the view of increasing investment in those sectors and consumption so that Aggregate demand can be stimulated in the economy as those two things are components of Aggregate demand.
A project with an initial investment of $460,100 will generate equal annual cash flows over its 11-year life. The project has a required return of 8.2 percent. What is the minimum annual cash flow required to accept the project
Answer: $65,075.85
Explanation:
Given that the cash flow should be constant, it will be an annuity.
The initial investment will be the present value of this annuity.
Present value of annuity = Annuity * ( 1 - (1 + rate)^-number of periods) / rate
460,100 = Annuity * ( 1 - (1 + 8.2%) ⁻¹¹) / 8.2%
460,100 = Annuity * 7.070211525
Annuity = 460,100 / 7.070211525
= $65,075.85
Arya has a homeowner’s policy that covers up to $400,000. Her house is completely destroyed in a fire. When an assessment is made of the house and possessions, it is decided that her losses are only worth about $350,000. How much money will Arya receive from her insurer (assuming there is no deductible)? A. $50,000 B. $200,000 C. $350,000 D. $400,000
Answer:
C: 350,000$
Explanation:
If there is no deductible then the insurance would pay the damges. Damages were 350,00$
A moving average of stock prices _________________.A. always lies above the most recent priceB. always lies below the most recent priceC. is less volatile than the actual pricesD. is more volatile than the actual prices
Answer:
The correct option is C. is less volatile than the actual prices.
Explanation:
A moving average is a data-analysis approach that calculates the averages of distinct subsets of the complete data set. The purpose of determining a stock's moving average is to smooth out price data by creating an average price that is constantly updated.
Therefore, the moving average reduces the impact of random, short-term fluctuations on the price of a stock over a given time frame. This makes the moving average of stock prices be less volatile than the actual prices.
Therefore, the correct option is C. is less volatile than the actual prices.
Suppose you pay $50 to enter into a raffle with $1,000 prize. If you have a 3% chance of winning comma the expected value of your ticket is________.
Answer:
$-20
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the expected value of your ticket
Using this formula
Expected Value =∑ payoff *Probability
Let plug in the formula
Expected value of ticket =950 ∗.03+(−50) ∗(100%-3%)
Expected value of ticket =950 ∗.03+(−50) ∗.97
Expected value of ticket=−20.
Therefore the expected value of your ticket is $-20
The expected value of your ticket is -$20.
What is the expected value?The expected value is the summation of the multiplication of some random values with their probabilities of occurring.
The expected value estimates the chance that a favorable outcome will result.
Note that the cost of entering the raffle must be incurred whether the prize is won or not.
Data and Calculations:Cost for raffle = $50
Prize for raffle = $1,000
Probability of winning = 3%
Probability of losing = 97% (100% - 3%)
Expected value of winning = -$20 ($1,000 x 3% -$50)
Thus, the expected value of your ticket is -$20.
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A company has total revenue of $50,000,000, cost of sales of $40,000,000, operating expenses of $5,000,000, and financing costs of $2,000,000. What are earnings per share if the company has 100,000 shares outstanding and no preferred stockholders
Answer:
$30
Explanation:
Earnings per share = earnings / total outstanding shares
Earnings = total revenue - total cost
total cost = $40,000,000 + $5,000,000 + $2,000,000 = $47,000,000
Earnings = $50,000,000 - $47,000,000 = $3,000,000
Earnings per share = $3,000,000 / 100,000 = $30
Both IFRS and U.S. GAAP allow deferred taxes to be: presented as noncurrent on the balance sheet. measured using a substantially enacted tax rate. recognized in equity after a fixed asset revaluation.
Answer:
presented as noncurrent on the balance sheet.
Explanation:
GAAP is an acronym for Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, it was adopted by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and is the comprehensive accounting rules and standard used in recording and reporting financial information.
The IFRS is an acronym for International Financial Reporting Standards,International Financial Reporting Standards, it is a set of accounting rules that ensure financial statements are consistent, transparent and comparable globally.
Both IFRS and U.S. GAAP allow deferred taxes to be presented as noncurrent on the balance sheet.
Potatoes and wheat output (tons per day)
Country Potatoes Wheat
United States 4 2
Ireland 3 1
The United States has a comparative advantage in producing: __________
a. wheat
b. neither
c. potatoes
d. both
Answer:
c. potatoes
Explanation:
The computation is shown below:
Opportunity cost of producing 1 tons of wheat is
for US = 4 ÷ 3 = 1.33 tons of potatoes
for Ireland = 2 ÷ 1 = 2 tons of potatoes
As the opportunity cost is higher in united states of potatoes so here the united stated should be comparative advantage in generating potatoes
who is the richest person in the world ?
Answer:
Jeffrey Preston Bezos
Explanation:
Jeffrey Preston Bezos is an American investor, business tycoon, media proprietor, and he is founder and executive chairman of Amazon. Although, he had served as the chief executive officer (CEO), president and chairman of Amazon before becoming its executive chairman.
He was born on the 12th of January, 1964 in Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America.
According to Forbes magazine, Jeff currently has an estimated net worth of two hundred and five (205) billion dollars, making him the richest man in the world and on Earth.
In conclusion, Jeffrey Preston Bezos is the richest person in the world.
Your uncle repays a $150 loan from Tenth National Bank (TNB) by writing a $150 check from his TNB checking account. Assume these funds are the only loans and deposits available for your uncle and the bank.
Required:
Write the T-account table.
Answer: See explanation
Explanation:
The T-account for your uncle before the loan is repaid will be:
Your Uncle:
Assets: Bank accounts $150
Liabilities: Loan $150
Tenth National Bank
Assets: Loan and advance $150
Liabilities: Deposits $150
The T-account and TNB for your uncle after the loan is repaid will be:
Your Uncle
Assets: Bank account $0
Liabilities: Loan $0
Tenth National Bank
Assets: Loan and advance $0
Liabilities: Deposits $0
Estrada Corporation produced 204,000 watches that it sold for $18 each. The company determined that fixed manufacturing cost per unit was $9 per watch. The company reported a $816,000 gross margin on its financial statements. Required Determine the variable cost per unit, the total variable product cost, and the total contribution margin.
Variable cost per unit
Total sales 204,000 x $18 = $3,672,000
Gross margin (given) $816,000
COGS=Total Sales -Gross Margin ($3,672,000-816,000)= $2,856,000
Total Fixed Cost 204,000 x $9 = $1,836,000
COGS Total variable cost + total fixed cost 2,856,000-1,836,000=$1,020,000
variable cost per unit (1020,000/204,000)= $5
Contribution margin $2,652,000
Given:
Number of watch produced = 204,000
Selling price of each watch = $18
Fixed cost = $9 per watch
Gross margin = $816,000
Find:
Variable cost per unit
Total variable product cost
Total contribution margin
Computation:
Total sales Value = 204,000 × $18
Total sales Value = $3,672,000
Cost of goods sold = Total Sales - Gross Margin
Cost of goods sold = $3,672,000 - $816,000
Cost of goods sold = $2,856,000
Total Fixed Cost = 204,000 × $9
Total Fixed Cost = $1,836,000
Cost of goods sold = Total variable cost + Total fixed cost
So,
Total variable cost = $2,856,000 - $1,836,000
Total variable cost = $1,020,000
Variable cost per unit = $1020,000 / 204,000
Total variable cost = $5
Contribution margin = $3,672,000 - $1,020,000
Contribution margin = $2,652,000
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Mitchell waited until July 5, 2019, to file his 2018 Form 1040 return. He did request an extension and paid 90% of the anticipated balance due on April 15, 2019. His remaining balance due on his 2018 return is $88. What is his failure to file penalty
Answer:
The answer is "$0".
Explanation:
Following are the Tax code of the IRS, taxpayers high school ask that their return on their tax return be extended on a deadline but must thus pay at least 90% of all tax owed, so how they can suffer the nonpayment penalty.
All remainder of the taxes being paid should be paid by the additional due date set by the taxpayer. Companies will have to pay the tax interest just after the due date if they do not pay.
For this reason, M requires timely prolongation and pays 90% of the remainder by the due date. Therefore, 'M' won't be obliged to pay any taxman's failure-to-pay penalty. Therefore, M fails to file $0.
Travis and Andrea were divorced in 2017. Their only marital property consisted of a personal residence (fair market value of $400,000, cost of $200,000), and publicly traded stocks (fair market value of $800,000, cost basis of $500,000). Under the terms of the divorce agreement, Andrea received the personal residence and Travis received the stocks. In addition, Andrea was to receive $50,000 for eight years. I. If the $50,000 annual payments are to be made to Andrea or her estate (if she dies before the end of the eight years), the payments will qualify as alimony. II. Andrea has a taxable gain from an exchange of her one-half interest in the stocks for Travis' one-half interest in the house and cash. III. If Travis sells the stocks for $900,000, he must recognize a $400,000 gain. a.I, II, and III are true. b.Only III is true. c.Only I and II are true. d.Only I and III are true.
Answer: B. b.Only III is true.
Explanation:
It should be noted that in order to qualify as an alimony, then the cash payments have to stop when the payer dies.
It should be noted that the $50,000 annual payments that are to be made to Andrea or her estate if she dies before the end of the eight years doesn't qualify as alimony.
Therefore, the correct option will be that If Travis sells the stocks for $900,000, he must recognize a $400,000 gain.
Therefore, only III is correct.
Given the following information, determine the amount of cash on the balance sheet, assuming that the company has only three assets.
Liabilities equal $3,350
Owner's equity equals $28,000
Supplies equal $2,000
Land equals $23,500
Answer:
Cash balance = $5850
Explanation:
Below is the given values and calculations:
Liabilities = $3350
Equity = $28000
Supplies = 2000
Land = $23500
Cash on the balance sheet can be determined by subtracting the sum of supplies and land from the sum of liability and equity.
Cash balance = (28000 + 3350) - (2000 + 23500)
Cash balance = $5850
Based on the following information from Scranton Company's balance sheet, calculate the current ratio.
Current assets $87,000
Investments 50,000
Plant assets 220,000
Current liabilities 39,000
Long-term liabilities 90,000
Retained earnings 228,000
Answer:
2.23
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the current ratio
Using this formula
Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities
Where,
Current Assets = $87,000
Current Liabilities = $39,000
Let plug in the formula
Current Ratio = $87,000 / $39,000
Current Ratio = 2.23
Therefore Current Ratio is 2.23
Grace Company gathered the following reconciling information in preparing its July bank reconciliation: Cash balance per books, 7/31 $4,500 Deposits in transit 150 Notes receivable and interest collected by bank 850 Bank charge for check printing 20 Outstanding checks 2,000 NSF check 170 The adjusted cash balance per the books on July 31 is____.a. $5,010.
b. $3,310.
c. $3,460.
d. $5,160.
Answer:
d. $5,160
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what The adjusted cash balance per the books on July 31 is
Cash balance per books, 7/31 $4,500
Add Notes receivable and interest collected by bank $850
Less Bank charge for check printing ($20)
Less NSF check ($170)
Cash balance per the books on July 31 $5,160
Therefore The adjusted cash balance per the books on July 31 is $5,160
Product Y has a value of $100 and a holding cost rate of 10% per year. The ordering costs are $1,000, and the yearly demand is 45,000 units. The economic order quantity can be determined to equal 3,000 (feel free to check this). Determine the total inventory costs (i.e., ordering costs + holding costs) per year.
Answer:
$30,000
Explanation:
Use the following formula to calculate the total cost
Total cost = ordering costs + holding costs
Where
Ordering costs = Numbers of orders placed per year x Ordering Cost per order = ( 45,000 units / 3,000 units per order ) x $1,000 per order = 15 x $1,000 = $15,000
Holding costs = Average Inventory x Holding cost per unit per year = ( 3,000 units / 2 ) x ( $100 x 10% ) = 1,500 units x $10 = $15,000
Placing values in the formula
Total Cost = $15,000 + $15,000
Total Cost = $30,000
purchased heavy equipment by giving the seller a $30,000 cash down payment and a 5-year interest-bearing note for the $170,000 balance of the price. Compute Pettit's book basis and tax basis in the equipment
Answer: $200,000
Explanation:
The book and tax basis will be the same in this instance because the equipment was purchased newly.
The book and tax basis will be the price of the equipment:
Price = Cash down payment + Present value of interest bearing note
= 30,000 + 170,000
= $200,000
Book and Tax basis is therefore $200,000
A survey of 385 people who like wild sweaters found that 74% had a wild holiday sweater. What is the population and what is the sample?
Answer:
385
Explanation:
because it says 385
In a situation where a survey of 385 people who like wild sweaters found that 74% had a wild holiday sweater, the population as well as the sample will be 385. Therefore, the option C holds true.
What is the significance of a sample?A sample can be referred to or considered as a set of units that are taken into consideration for interpreting a data for bigger number of available observations. Sampling method is considered as an ideal option for surveys to save time and efforts.
In the condition given above, a survey included 385 people out of the total population of the survey, however, the 385 people are just the samples for saving time and effort. The actual results for bigger representation will also be closer to 74%.
Therefore, the option C holds true and states regarding the significance of a sample.
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The missing options for the incomplete question have been added below for better reference.
A survey of 385 people who like wild sweaters found that 74% had a wild holiday sweater. What is the population and what is the sample?
A. 96
B. 289
C. 385
D. 74
Express net income as a common-size percentage using the following data.
Sales $45,000
Cost of goods sold $29,340
Gross profit from sales $15,660
Operating expenses $10,800
Net income $4,860.
a. 100 percent
b. 31 percent
c. 12 percent
d. 10.8 percent
Answer:
i think the answers D 10.8 percent
According to your reading material, one cause of excessive pressure is a/an __________.
a. overestimation of the severity of one’s own problems
b. lack of sleep
c. lack of self-confidence
d. lack of self-esteem
Answer: D
Explanation: A lack of self-esteem can lead to reliance others advice which can also lead to excessive pressure by the people your getting advice from.
Bluebean Inc. produces two lines of coffee cups: espresso coffee cups and travel coffee mugs. The unit cost information is shown here. The company uses a traditional volume-based costing system and believes that the number of labor hours is the appropriate cost driver
Activity Cost Pool Espresso Coffee Cups Travel Coffee Mugs
Selling price $20 $25
Direct materials $6 $8
Direct labor $2 $5
Units produced 10,000 units 4,000 units
Direct labor hours 10,000 hours 6,000 hours
Estimated total overhead costs $80,000
Item Espresso coffee cups Travel coffee mugs
Pre-determined overhead rate
Total manufacturing overhead allocated
Manufacturing cost per unit
Gross profit unit
Answer:
Results are below.
Explanation:
To calculate the predetermined manufacturing overhead rate we need to use the following formula:
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= total estimated overhead costs for the period/ total amount of allocation base
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= 80,000 / (10,000 + 6,000)
Predetermined manufacturing overhead rate= $5 per direct labor hour
Now, we can allocate overhead:
Allocated MOH= Estimated manufacturing overhead rate* Actual amount of allocation base
Espresso coffee cups= 5*10,000= 50,000
Travel coffee mugs= 5*6,000= 30,000
In unitary bases:
Espresso coffee cups= 50,000/10,000= 5
Travel coffee mugs= 30,000/4,000= 7.5
Finally, the total unitary cost and the gross profit per unit:
Espresso coffee cups:
Total unitary cost= 6 + 2 + 5= $13
Gross profit= 20 - 13= $7
Travel coffee mugs:
Total unitary cost= 8 + 5 + 7.5= $20.5
Gross profit= 25 - 20.5= $4.5
You are a provider of portfolio insurance and are establishing a four-year program. The portfolio you manage is currently worth $150 million, and you promise to provide a minimum return of 0%. The equity portfolio has a standard deviation of 25% per year, and T-bills pay 7.5% per year. Assume that the portfolio pays no dividends.
Required:
a. What percentage of the portfolio should be placed in bills?
b. What percentage of the portfolio should be placed in equity?
Answer:
sorry but I don't know sorry
Job candidates are leaving an office every 50 minutes. Each candidate goes through three activities during the office visit: verification, written test, and interview. Verification takes 1 minute, the written test takes 40 minutes, and the interview takes 10 minutes. Assume there is only one resource dedicated to each activity. What is the utilization of the bottleneck resource?
Answer:
80%
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the utilization of the bottleneck resource
First step is to calculate the Flow rate
Flow rate = 1/50
Flow rate = 0.02 customer per minute.
Second step is to calculate the Bottleneck capacity
Bottleneck capacity = Min(1, 1/40, 1/10)
Bottleneck capacity= 0.025 customer per minute.
Now let determine the Utilization of the bottleneck resource using this formula
Utilization of the bottleneck resource = Flow rate/Capacity
Let plug in the formula
Utilization of the bottleneck resource= 0.02/0.025
Utilization of the bottleneck resource= 80%.
Therefore the utilization of the bottleneck resource is 80%
Which 3 statements about the Client request functionality are correct? Selecting Create client request on the Work screen begins the process Checking the Notify client checkbox means the client will be sent an email You can't add attachments to a client request You can request documents from a non-QuickBooks Online client To update the status of a client request, select the request and then the Status drop-down
Answer: • Selecting Create client request on the Work screen begins the process.
• Checking the Notify client checkbox means the client will be sent an email.
• To update the status of a client request, select the request and then the Status drop-down.
Explanation:
QuickBooks refers to an online accounting software that's utilized by several businesses and can be used in the request of information from ones clients.
From the options given, the statements about the client request functionality which are correct include:
• Selecting Create client request on the Work screen begins the process.
• Checking the Notify client checkbox means the client will be sent an email.
• To update the status of a client request, select the request and then the Status drop-down.
Janet and Megan are debating the use of student discounts by local stores near school. Janet argues, "When stores offer discounts to students with valid identification, it is price discrimination, because they are attempting to separate the market into two groups—each with different demands for that particular good." Megan responds with, "This is not a form of price discrimination, because there is no age restriction for students. Economists generally agree with :
a. Dina
b. Antonio
Answer:
Antonio
Explanation:
In simple words, Antonio has a lot of support among economists. Price discrimination occurs when a vendor is able to split clients into groupings or segregate a marketplace into two categories so that they may charge varying charges to that same two groups. It has hardly anything to deal with the customers' age.
Thus, Antonio is correct with his views.
Suppose that the owner of Boyer Construction is feeling the pinch of increased premiums associated with workersâ compensation and has decided to cut the wages of its two employees (Albert and Sid) from $25 per hour to $21 per hour. Assume that Albert and Sid view income and leisure as "goods," that both experience a diminishing rate of marginal substitution between income and leisure, and that the workers have the same before- and after-tax budget constraints at each wage. Albert and Sid's opportunity set is presented below:What is the value of A when the wage is $25?What is the value of A when the wage is $21?At the wage of $25 per hour, both Albert and Sid are observed to consume 14 hours of leisure (and equivalently supply 10 hours of labor). After wages were cut to $21, Albert consumes 12 hours of leisure and Sid consumes 16 hours of leisure. Determine the number of hours of labor each worker supplies at a wage of $21 per hour:Albert's supply of labor = _______Sid's supply of labor = ________How can you explain the seemingly contradictory result that the workers supply a different number of labor hours?A. Albert has no income effect, and Sid has no substitution effect when the wage declines to $21.B. Albert's substitution effect dominates his income effect when the wage declines to $21, and vice versa for Sid.C. Albert has no substitution effect, and Sid has no income effect when the wage declines to $21.D. Albert's income effect dominates his substitution effect when the wage declines to $21, and vice versa for Sid.
