Answer:
A
Explanation:
Answer:
a
Explanation:
a) An F1 x F1 self-fertilization gives a 9:7 phenotypic ratio in the F2. What phenotypic ratio would you expect if you test-crossed the F1?
b) An F1 x F1 self-fertilization gives a 9:3:4 phenotypic ratio in the F2. What phenotypic ratio would you expect if you test-crossed the F1?
c) An F1 x F1 self-fertilization gives a 15:1 phenotypic ratio in the F2. What phenotypic ratio would you expect if you test-crossed the F1?
According to the gene interaction that is operating in the trait determination, the phenotypic ratios of the progeny produced when test-crossing a dihybrid are: a) 4:12, b) 8:8, and c) 12:4
-------------------------
To answer these questions, the first thing you should notice by looking at the phenotypic ratios provided, is that there are two genes involved in the trait, and there is interaction between them.
Let us assume diallelic genes. A and B are the dominant alleles, while a and b are the recessive alleles.
In the three cases (a, b, and c), F1 individuals are dihybrid. Their genotype is AaBb.
Observing the altered phenotype proportions of the offspring can reveal which interaction is operating in the trait determination.
We can use the phenotypic ratio to determine the interaction, so:
9:3:3:1 ⇒ No interaction9:7 ⇒ Double Recessive epistasis 9:3:4 ⇒ Recessive epistasis15:1 ⇒ Dominant duplicate genes.When talking about epistasis, we are referring to an interruption.
The epistatic gene can alter, influence, or suppress the expression of a hypostatic gene.
When there is only one epistatic gene in h0m0zyg0us recessive state, the interaction is known as recessive epistasis. This gene supresses the expression of the other gene. Phenotypic ratio 9:3:4.In double recessive epistasis, both genes are epistatic when they are in a h0m0zyg0us recessive state. This is, in the h0m0zyg0us recessive state, either of the genes will inhibit the expression of the other gene. And vice-versa. Phenotypic ratio 9:7.In Duplicate gene action, there are two genes involved in the expression of a phenotype, and the presence of at least one dominant allele is enough to produce the dominant phenotype. Phenotypic ratio 15:1.
So now, let us make the test-cross.
Note: You will see that the cross is the same in the three cases, but the phenotypic ratio changes according to the interaction.
Cross) dihybrid individual with h0m0zyg0us recessive one
Parental) AaBb x aabb
Gametes) AB, Ab, aB, ab ab, ab, ab, ab
Punnett square) AB Ab aB ab
ab AaBb Aabb aaBb aabb
ab AaBb Aabb aaBb aabb
ab AaBb Aabb aaBb aabb
ab AaBb Aabb aaBb aabb
F2) Phenotypic ratio
***Double recessive epistasis ⇒ 4:12
4/16 dihybrids12/16 heter0zyg0us for one gene and h0m0zyg0us recessive for the other gene.Both genes in recessive state inhibit the expression of the trait.
***Recessive epistasis ⇒ 8:8
In h0m0zyg0us recessive state, Gene A inhibits the expression of B.
8/16 AaBb or Aabb → The trait coded by B or b is being expressed8/16 aaBb or aabb → The trait coded by B or b is inhibited by aa.***Duplicate gene action ⇒ 12:4
Only one dominant allele, either A or B, is enough to express the trait.
12/16 AbBb, Aabb, or aaBb 4/16 aabb → No dominant allele, no trait expressed.Phenotypic ratios:
a) 4:12 = 1:3
b) 8:8 = 1:1
c) 12:4 = 3:1
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before running the gel, dna is mixed with dye and loaded into _______ by the use of a pipette.
Before running the gel, DNA is mixed with dye and loaded into wells through the use of a pipette.
What is Gel electrophoresis?Gel electrophoresis may be defined as a type of laboratory methodology that is significantly utilized in order to separate mixtures of DNA, RNA, or proteins according to molecular size. This process is used to analyze the biomacromolecules and their fragments on the basis of their charge and size.
In this technique, the molecules that have to be separated are pushed by an electrical field through a gel that contains small pores. Before performing an actual mechanism, DNA is mixed with a dye known as Ethidium bromide and then loaded into wells which are formed by Acrylamide gel through the use of a pipette.
Therefore, before running the gel, DNA is mixed with dye and loaded into wells through the use of a pipette.
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Which of the following is NOT a principle of the cell theory?
Group of answer choices
All cells are produced from existing cells.
All living things are made of cells.
Cells are the basic units of life.
Very few cells are able to reproduce.
Answer:
Very few cells are able to reproduce
Explanation:
took a test on it yesterday and got the answer correct!
Please leave 5 stars and a thanks.
Answer: Very few cells are able to reproduce.
Explanation: Only the mitochondria is the only cell to reproduce. Not many people know that and it's not a principle of the cell theory because it was never mentioned. Hence, our answer is Very few cells are able to reproduce.
The size of a food Web is límited by the Number of
Answer:
The amount of carbon and energy entering it.
Explanation:
The food chain is limited because " only 10% of the energy from producers get transferred to the level of primary consumer"
Hope this Helps
What is an advantage of being multicellular?
-having lower energy requirements
-producing offspring that mature quickly
-having a high tolerance for extreme conditions
-being more adaptive to the surroundings
4th- being more adaptive to the surroundings
There are a group of 13 related species of birds on a group of about 20 isolated oceanic islands. These species are grouped into four oubgroups with subgroup 1 evolving to species), subgroup 2 evolving second (1 species), subgroup 3 evolving third (5 species), and subgroup 4 evolving last (6 species. I subgroup 4 evolved most recently, then which the following statements is the most logical prediction?
a) The genomes of subgroup 4 should be more similar to each other than to the genomes of subgroup 3.
b) The chances of hybridization between two subgroup 4 species should be less than the chances of hybridization between two subgroup 3 species
c) The species of subgroup 4 should share tower anatomical homologies with each other than they share with the species of subgroup 4.
d) Subgroup 4 should be limited to the six islands that most recently emerged from the sea.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
why does amino acids decrease in ileum
Answer:
The two major pancreatic enzymes that digest proteins in the small intestine are chymotrypsin and trypsin. Trypsin activates other protein-digesting enzymes called proteases, and together, these enzymes break proteins down to tripeptides, dipeptides, and individual amino acids.
Which of the following are key features of prokaryotic cells? Select all that apply -ribosomes -cell wall. -nucleoid. -endoplasmic reticulum. -plasmid
1st, 3rd, 5th
-ribosomes, nucleoid, plasmid
Answer:ribosomes
cell wall
plasmid
Explanation:
What is a non-Mendelian pattern of inheritance? *
Answer:
Non-Mendelian inheritance is any pattern of inheritance in which traits do not segregate in accordance with Mendel's laws.
Explanation:
I search it already
#carry on learning
What is the major function of meiosis?
to produce haploid (1N) gametes
to produce diploid (2N) gametes
to produce haploid (1N) zygotes
to produce diploid (2N) zygotes
Answer:
To produce diploid (2N) zygote
if a bacterial cell is capable of taking up foreign dna, it is said to be what?
Answer:
competent
Explanation:
The uptake of foreign DNA from the environment is known as transformation
If a bacterial cell is capable of taking up foreign DNA, it is said to be competent.
What is competent?
Transformation is the process by which bacteria can absorb foreign DNA. In DNA cloning, transformation is a crucial step. After restriction digest and ligation, it takes place and transmits freshly created plasmids to bacteria.
Bacteria are chosen on antibiotic plates after transformation. Bacteria are extraordinarily adaptable creatures, with the rare capacity to take in and replicate (or copy) foreign DNA.
They gain an evolutionary advantage from this and are better able to withstand environmental changes. Bacteria, for instance, can acquire DNA that renders them immune to antibiotics.
Therefore, the term is competent for a bacterium that is capable of taking up foreign DNA.
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How does tumor angiogenesis help spread cancer throughout the human body?
A. By disrupting the body’s hormone levels.
B. By forming new blood vessels.
C. By making the body think the blood isn’t pumping fast enough.
D. By forming new white blood cells.
Answer:B
Explanation: By forming new blood vessels to supply the tumour with oxygen and nutrients.
Which scenario describes unethical lab behavior?
A.
Danny stores the chemicals required for his experiment in flasks and beakers.
B.
Anna publishes the results of her experiment on the growth rate of saplings.
C. Jason repeatedly runs an experiment until he gets the results he desires.
D.
Mia records her observations of an experiment precisely and accurately.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Please I only have an hour to submit this please please am begging, please PLEASEEEE
1. Draw a picture that describes each of the two types of speciation.
2. answer the photo below
Answer:
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/speciation/ this link has a good drawing for each kind of speciation. If we label the steps of the coevolution A through G, top to bottom, right to left (two separate columns), they go "5, 3, 2, 1" in the left column and 6, 4, 7" in the right one
Explanation:
(answering formally because the other thing was jsut a comment lol)
the two copies of a duplicated chromosome are called
Answer:
Because each chromosome was duplicated during S phase, it now consists of two identical copies called sister chromatids that are attached at a common center point called the centromere.
Explanation:
The extensor carpi radialis longus inserts on which of the following bones?
Answer:
c. 2nd metacarpal
Explanation: is correct edg
Which of the following statements best compares reproduction in viruses with reproduction in single-celled protists? no links please
Viruses require the cellular machinery of host cells to reproduce; single-celled protists reproduce on their own. Therefore, the correct option is (C).
Viruses require the cellular machinery of host cells to reproduce; single-celled protists reproduce on their own. The main difference between reproduction in viruses and single-celled protists lies in their reproductive processes. Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that lack the cellular machinery required for replication. They rely on infecting host cells and hijacking their machinery to reproduce and create new viral particles. In contrast, single-celled protists are independent organisms capable of self-replication through various mechanisms such as binary fission, budding, or spore formation. They do not need a host cell for their reproductive processes. This fundamental distinction highlights the unique strategies employed by viruses and protists in propagating their species.Therefore, the correct option is (C).
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Question:
Which of the following statements best compares reproduction in viruses with reproduction in single-celled protists?
A. Viruses reproduce by releasing spores; single-celled protists reproduce by dividing in half.
B. Viruses require large colonies to reproduce; single- celled protists reproduce as individual cells.
C. Viruses require the cellular machinery of host cells to reproduce; single-celled protists reproduce on their own.
D. Viruses form haploid gametes when they reproduce; single-celled protists form diploid gametes when they reproduce
Match each muscle of the head and neck with the correct label.
Answer:
yes. Your correct order is
1. Frontalis, 2 Temporalis, 3 Masseter, 4 Sternocleidomastoid and 5 Occipitalis.
Explanation:
According to urban anomie theory the impersonal nature of city life extends to situations that do not call for social involvement. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F.
Answer:False
Explanation: right on Edge
The statement "According to urban anomie theory, the impersonal nature of city life extends to situations that do not call for social involvement" is true, as urban anomie theory suggests that the impersonal nature of city life leads to the breakdown of social bonds.
What is urban anomie theory?According to this theory, the fast pace of urban life, the diversity of populations, and the emphasis on individual achievement can lead to a weakening of social ties and a breakdown of social norms and values. As a result, individuals may feel disconnected from others and from society as a whole, leading to a sense of alienation and a lack of meaning in their lives. This sense of normlessness and detachment can extend beyond situations that require social involvement, such as interactions with neighbors or participation in community events, to other aspects of daily life.
Hence, the statement "According to urban anomie theory, the impersonal nature of city life extends to situations that do not call for social involvement" is true.
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two glass tubes are placed in water one of them has very concentrated sucrose solution while the other has a concentrated sucrose solution after an hour what will happen to the liquid levels in the glass
Answer:
The liquid levels in the solution will become more dilute (have more water) due to Osmosis.
Explanation:
This is because Osmosis moves down a concentration gradient so the water outside the solution will become more concentrated and the solution will become more dilute.
PLEASE PLEASE ANSWER ASAP FOR CHANCE OF BRAINLIEST!!!
Photosynthesis Virtual Lab
Summarize the results and provide an explanation or reasoning for what was observed. How does light color affect the rate of photosynthesis? Why does the color of light matter?
Answer:
The lights higher on the light spectrum, like blue would have the fastest rate of photosynthesis because the energy is the highest. the green light would have the slowest rate because the chlorophyll inside of the leaves reflects green light, so it would not be absorbed as mich as the other colors. The color matters because the color or wavelength of light does affect photosynthesis, which is how plants can create their own food.
which statement about human blood vessels is correct?
Hormones perform important functions within the reproductive system. During puberty, secondary sex characteristics develop. Which hormone is responsible for the development of these characteristics in the female? estrogen progestin progesterone testosterone.
Answer:
Estrogen
Explanation:
Estrogens are a group of hormones that play an important role in the normal sexual and reproductive development in women.
Estrogen is responsible for the development of these characteristics in the female. Therefore, option (A) is correct.
What is Estrogen?Estrogen, also known as oestrogen, is a class of sex hormone that is responsible for the growth and regulation of the female reproductive system as well as secondary sex characteristics. Estrone, estradiol, and estriol are the three primary endogenous estrogens that are responsible for the majority of the hormone activity associated with estrogen.
The growth, development, and physiological functioning of the human reproductive system are all controlled by estrogen. In addition to affecting the neuroendocrine and skeletal systems, this hormone also affects the adipose and cardiovascular systems. Estrogen is a vital component of the male and female reproductive systems and is primarily manufactured by the ovaries in females and the testes in males.
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Which statement about biodiversity in coral reefs is accurate?(1 point) *EARTH SYSTEMS*
A) More new species have evolved in coral reef habitats than in most other types of habitats.
B) Species that evolved in coral reef habitats always stay in those habitats.
C) Coral reefs have much biodiversity, but most species that live there migrated from other habitats.
D) Most organisms that live in coral reef habitats are zooxanthellae.
The statement 'more new species have evolved in coral reef habitats than in most other types of habitats.' is accurate. A coral reef is a hotspot of biodiversity.
A coral reef is a marine ecosystem composed of organisms (i.e., corals) that form a wall together (i.e., reef-building corals).
These reefs consist of many colonies of coral polyps, which held together by a calcareous material (i.e., calcium carbonate)
A coral reef is a hotspot of biodiversity because there are many different species that live and evolved in this type of habitat.
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Answer:
'more new species have evolved in coral reef habitats than in most other types of habitats.'
Explanation:
trust
DNA profiling is also called DNA fingerprinting. A common misconception about DNA fingerprinting is that the analysis has to do with actual fingerprints. Explain one similarity and one difference between a human being’s pattern of bands on an electrophoresis gel and a human fingerprint.
Answer:
Explanation: Electrophoresis displays the entire DNA sequence, whereas fingerprinting allows you to quickly identify someone. But they have one thing in common: they are both so distinctive that it is nearly impossible for two persons to have the same fingerprint/DNA sequence.
Removal of waste products in the body is called _____.
It's called excretion.
. B.9(C) For an enzyme to be able to catalyze a reaction, the active site must---- *
1 point
be occupied by an inhibitor
increase the activation energy level
have a complementary shape to the substrate
cause the enzyme to be destroyed in the reaction
go keilani
A protein that speeds up a biological and chemical reaction to build and split any molecule is called an enzyme. They are produced naturally in the body.
The correct answer is:
Option C. have a complementary shape to the substrate.
This can be explained as:
If the active site on the enzyme is occupied by an inhibitor then the substrate will not be able to bind and the reaction will not occur.Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy needed for the reaction.If the enzyme is destroyed then no reaction will occur as the active site is present on the enzyme surfaces.Therefore, the active site should have a complementary shape to the substrate.
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Answer:
have a complementary shape to the substrate
Explanation:
Question 6 of 10
In a research study, if one variable is changed to see how it affects behavior,
the study is most likely a(n):
Answer:Chemical
Explanation:
Physical is when its the same still the same substance only just changed shape, while chemical change is when a chemical reaction happenes and changes the substances so the varible changes too
example rust
yQcDR-9kBQHyiU5P2QLddsC60cV0tx-xjgedVNf38cEE0QuQToRL-XYXpgPJDkTziSkrcBhbk-mQg6hZnK-BpGJxRER_i1C-g8DquVBweS43NJiUPdGiQJFhkPNOE6mMzA=w740
Answer:
What is this ???
Explanation:
which greenhouse gas is created by humans exclusively?
Answer:
Carbon Dioxide
Explanation:
Answer: CFC
Explanation: I took the test.
