The ligand field splitting energy (Δₒ) in the [V(OH₂)₆]²⁺ complex is approximately 1.47 x 10⁴ kJ·mol⁻¹, calculated from the absorbed light wavelength of 806 nm.
To calculate the ligand field splitting energy (Δₒ) in the complex [V(OH₂)₆]²⁺, we need to convert the given wavelength of absorbed light (806 nm) into energy.
The energy of a photon can be calculated using the equation:
[tex]\[E = \frac{hc}{\lambda}\][/tex]
Where:
E is the energy of the photon,
h is Planck's constant (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ J·s),
c is the speed of light (2.998 x 10⁸ m/s),
and λ is the wavelength of light.
Converting the given wavelength to meters:
806 nm = 806 x 10⁻⁹ m
Calculating the energy:
[tex][E = \frac{6.626 \times 10^{-34} \text{ J s} \times 2.998 \times 10^8 \text{ m/s}}{806 \times 10^{-9} \text{ m}}][/tex]
E ≈ 2.445 x 10⁻¹⁹ J
Now, we can convert the energy from joules to kilojoules and use the Avogadro's constant (6.022 x 10²³ mol⁻¹) to express the ligand field splitting energy in units of kilojoules per mole.
[tex][\Delta_0 = \frac{2.445 \times 10^{-19} \text{ J}}{1000 \text{ J/kJ}} \times 6.022 \times 10^{23} \text{ mol}^{-1}][/tex]
Δₒ ≈ 1.47 x 10⁴ kJ·mol⁻¹
Therefore, the ligand field splitting energy (Δₒ) in the [V(OH₂)₆]²⁺ complex is approximately 1.47 x 10⁴ kJ·mol⁻¹.
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according to the ideal gas law, what happens to the volume of a gas when the pressure doubles (all else held constant)? apex
Pressure and volume are proportional in direct variation, with the temperature and the number of gas molecules constant.
According to the Ideal Gas Law, what happens to the volume of a gas when the pressure doubles (all else held constant)
If the pressure of a gas is doubled (all other variables being constant), the volume of the gas will be halved. The formula for the Ideal Gas Law is PV = nRT,
where P = pressure, V = volume,
n = number of moles of gas,
R = the universal gas constant, and T = temperature.
The law states that the product of pressure and volume is proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas when all other variables are constant.
In a fixed container with a fixed number of molecules, doubling the pressure reduces the volume by half. The relationship between pressure and volume is a positive linear one. Pressure and volume are proportional in direct variation, with the temperature and the number of gas molecules constant.
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which of the following statements about miscible liquids is correct? i. the components form a homogeneous solution. ii. the partial pressure of each component is the vapor pressure of the mixture times the components mole fraction. iii. each component has its own vapor pressure.
Option i. the components form a homogeneous solution is correct statements about miscible liquids.
When we talk about miscible liquids, these are liquids that can mix in any proportion without separating, given that the components form a homogeneous solution.
The following statement about miscible liquids is correct: i. the components form a homogeneous solution.
Let's look at each option one by one:i. The components form a homogeneous solution.
Mixtures of liquids that are completely soluble in each other in all proportions are called miscible liquids.
For example, ethanol and water are miscible in each other.
The mixture of the two will be a homogeneous solution where the two components are completely blended
.ii. The partial pressure of each component is the vapor pressure of the mixture times the components mole fraction.
This statement applies to the Raoult's law for ideal solutions, which holds only for solutions of non-electrolytes.
According to Raoult's law, for an ideal solution, the partial pressure of each component in the vapor phase is equal to the product of the vapor pressure of the pure component and its mole fraction in the solution.
iii. Each component has its own vapor pressure.
This is a statement about immiscible liquids rather than miscible liquids.
In immiscible liquids, the components are not soluble in each other, so each component has its own vapor pressure and forms separate layers when mixed.
In conclusion, the correct statement about miscible liquids is that the components form a homogeneous solution.
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