Mammals regulate their body temperature carefully and independently of their environment through a process called thermoregulation.
Does the body temperature of ectotherms fluctuate?Animals that often have a body temperature similar to their immediate environment are referred to as "ectotherms." They are unable to control their body temperature internally.
What four bodily functions regulate body temperature?Similar to how the respiratory, muscular, integumentary (skin and related components), and circulatory systems collaborate to support the body in maintaining a constant internal temperature.The skin's blood vessels expand in response to a rise in body temperature, allowing more blood to flow near the skin's surface.
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What is the name of the proteins around which the dna of eukaryotes are wrapped?.
Answer: Nucleosome
Explanation:
refer to the figure above. what is the function of the agu on the loop of the trna?
The function of the AGU on the loop of the tRNA is that it is an anticodon that attaches to the amino acid and also stabilizes the tRNA-amino acid complex.
What are tRNA molecules?tRNA molecules are one of the three types of RNA found in living organisms that function in protein synthesis.
The other two types of RNA molecules that play a role in protein synthesis are messenger RNA or mRNA, ad ribosomal RNA, or rRNA.
The information used for protein synthesis is in the form of triplet nucleotides called codons. These codons are located on the mRNA. The mRNA is made from the DNA and then travels to the ribosome which is the site of protein synthesis.
The codons found in the mRNA are read by the translation machinery of the ribosome. A complementary triplet nucleotide found on tRNA molecules known as anticodons then determines the amino acid that is coded for by the particular codon.
Each tRNA molecule carries an amino acid and an anticodon that is complementary to an mRNA codon.
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ovulation is considered to be ________ .
Answer: menstruation
Explanation: Ovulation refers to the release of an egg during menstruation in females. Part of the ovary called the ovarian follicle discharges an egg. The egg is also known as an ovum, oocyte, or female gamete. It is only released on reaching maturity.
Archaebacteria look much alike organisms from what other kingdom due to their similar shapes?.
Due to their similar shapes, Archaebacteria look alike organisms from the Eubacteria.
There are two kingdoms of bacteria: Archaebacteria and Eubacteria. Both are prokaryotes organism and they have similar shapes, but they are different in some areas, such as:
Archaebacteria live in harsh environments, such as hot springs, deep seas, and salt brines. Eubacteria pretty much live in the same environment as humans.Archaebacteria have smaller genome sequences than Eubacteria.Archaebacteria don't exhibit glycolysis nor Kreb's cycle, while Eubacteria exhibit both.The first image attached below is an image of Halobacterium, a species of Archaebacteria. The second image is an image of E. coli, a species of Eubacteria. You can see how both look somehow similar to each other.
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which of the following comparisons or contrasts between endergonic and exergonic reactions is false?
The endergonic reactions takes place slowly, exergonic reactions takes place quickly.
What is endergonic reactions?
Any reaction that needs free energy to proceed is said to be endergonic. The biologically significant endergonic reaction of photosynthesis is one such instance. In order to promote the conversion of glucose from carbon dioxide and oxygen from water, photosynthetic organisms use sun photons.
What is exergonic reactions?
Exergonic reactions produce simpler, lower energy products by releasing the energy trapped in the reactants.
Exergonic reactions happen quickly while endergonic reactions happen slowly.
Therefore, endergonic reactions takes place slowly, exergonic reactions takes place quickly.
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Label the parts of the hair and hair follicle. 4 Piloerector muscle Hair buib Hair medula Hair matrix Hair shat Hair shaft Hair root Hair root Hair medula Hair bulb Blood capilaries in dermal papla Prev Naxt e MacBook Pro commandoption ommand
The various parts of the hair such as the hair follicle, piloerector muscle, hair bulb, hair medulla, hair matrix, etc, are labeled in the attachment.
What is the structure of the hair?The hair is a structure that is found on the skin of mammals that is composed of proteins that have been keratinized.
The hair is a derivative of the epidermis and consists of two parts:
the hair follicle - the hair follicle is the part of the hair responsible for the production of new hairthe hair shaft - the hair shaft consists of a cortex and cuticle cells. In some types of hairs, the hair shaft has a medulla.The function of the hair includes the following:
protection - the hair serves to protect the body from mecahnical injuryregulation of body temperature - the hair helps to regulate body temperature in cold or hot conditions such as in the facilitation of perspiration to cool the bodysense organ - hairs also act as sense organs.Learn more about hair follicles at: https://brainly.com/question/24711898
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is the neural activity triggered by a stimulus that activates a sensory receptor and results in sensory nerve impulses traveling the sensory nerve pathways to the brain.
Sensation is the neural activity triggered by a stimulus that activates a sensory receptor and results in sensory nerve impulses traveling the sensory nerve pathways to the brain.
Our five senses—vision, hearing, taste, smell, and touch—are responsible for sensation. Because each of these systems retains distinct neural connections with the brain, they can quickly transport information from the environment to the brain. We wouldn't be able to take pleasure in the warm spring day in the park without feel.
The distinct sensory receptors found in each sensory system are made to recognize particular environmental cues. When an external stimuli is perceived, sensory receptors transform it into electrochemical brain impulses.
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examine a culture of rotifers, drawing what you see. label the corona, and describe its movement. add a tiny amount of the red-celled alga rhodomonas. can you observe the capture of cells by the corona?
Rotifers are tiny aquatic creatures with a crown-like structure known as a corona. They possess a variety of reproductive strategies, including both sexual and asexual reproduction.
What is Corona?
The corona is made up of small, hair-like structures that spin around the rotifer's body, creating a current that captures food particles and transports them to the organism's mouth. When a trace amount of the red-celled alga Rhodomonas is added to the culture, the corona can be seen engulfing the alga cells as they approach the rotifer's mouth.
What is the red-celled alga Rhodomonas?
Rhodomonas is a species of cryptomonads. It is distinguished by its red colour, the square-shaped plates of its inner periplast, a short furrow ending in a gullet, and a distinctively shaped chloroplast closely associated with its nucleomorph.
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Using an antiseptic oral rinse before treatment, a rubber dam, or an antimicrobial-laced external water supply during treatment when ultrasonic or irrigators are used may help in preventing the spread of infection (T/F related/not)
The statement is true. Using an antiseptic oral rinse before treatment, a rubber dam, or antimicrobial-laced external water when ultrasonic or irrigators are used may help in preventing the spread of infection.
Which of the following complications could indeed result from untreated cellulitis?
Untreated cellulitis can result in bacteremia, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, toxic shock syndrome, or sepsis. In rare cases, the infection can spread to the deep layer of tissue known as the fascial lining.
The Soniclean Ultrasonic Irrigator is a cutting-edge machine designed specifically to clean cannulated surgical instruments, but it could also clean non-cannulated surgical instruments, individually or simultaneously.
Therefore, when ultrasonic or irrigators, an antiseptic oral rinse before treatment, a rubber dam, or antimicrobial-laced external water may help in preventing the spread of infection.
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Which region shows the population of cells with the highest amount of dna per cell?.
Compare the peaks in regions A, B, and C of the histogram for the control sample. Region C displays the cell population with the most DNA per cell.
The correct response is G1 for region A, S for region B, and G2 for region C. In addition to biology, region c displays the cell population with the most DNA per cell. As the S phase develops, the amount of DNA in each cell varies, giving the S phase cells a range of fluorescence intensities. Most cells are present during the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
Comparing the peaks in the control sample's histogram's regions A, B, and C, we can conclude that region C represents the cell population with the highest DNA content per cell.
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Your question is incomplete. Please find the complete question below.
In the control sample, compare the peaks in the histogram in regions A, B, and C.
Which region shows the population of cells with the highest amount of DNA per cell?
Region C
All of the following are true about viruses, except
Select one:
a. viruses are cellular and can reproduce on their own.
b. viruses have genetic material, either DNA or RNA
c. viruses can evolve.
d. viruses cannot metabolize carbohydrates.
e. viruses are very small, requiring an electron microscope to see individual particles.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Viruses are cellular and can reproduce on their own.
What are Viruses?A piece of nucleic acid that has been protein-coated is what makes a virus an infectious microbe (either DNA or RNA). A virus has to infect cells in order to use the components of the host cell to manufacture copies of itself because it is unable to reproduce on its own.
The majority of the time, a virus damages the host organism by killing the host cell. Well-known examples of viruses that cause human disease include AIDS, COVID-19, measles, and smallpox.
People can contract viruses. But in reality, a vast range of creatures are infected by viruses. For instance, certain viruses can infect bacteria while others can infect fungi.
Therefore, Viruses are cellular and can reproduce on their own.
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None of the above Question 6 2.5 pts In its public health campaign, the United States Department of Agriculture promotes food safety with four simple actions: boil, freeze, dry, and salt bake, sterilize, freeze, and label O C. clean, separate, chill, and cook scrub, irradiate, cook, and freeze Question 7 2.5 pts Which of the following is NOT recommended when purchasing food? O Buy perishable foods first Place meat in a separate plastic bag Don't buy food from damaged containers Buy only what you need Question 8 2.5 pts
The answer is C. clean, separate, cook, and chill. Research indicates that Americans are aware of the importance of food safety, but they still need more information. As a result, USDA created the Be Food Safe campaign in collaboration with PFSE, FDA, and CDC.
Food poisoning-causing germs can live in a variety of environments and spread throughout your kitchen. Before, during, and after preparing meals, wash your hands for at least 20 seconds with soap and warm or cold water. After handling raw meat, poultry, fish, flour, or eggs, make sure to always wash your hands. After preparing each food item, wash your utensils, cutting boards, and counters with hot, soapy water. Fresh produce should be rinsed under running water. When a food's internal temperature reaches a level that kills contagious bacteria, it has successfully been cooked. Utilizing a food thermometer is the only way to determine whether food is properly cooked.
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which of the following are the only plant groups have sporophytes and gametophytes that are both photosynthetic and free-living?
Ferns are uncommon among terrestrial plants in that their sporophyte and gametophyte stages are both free living and self-contained. The correct option (D)Seedless vascular plants
Seedless vascular plants have vascular tissue but do not produce flowers or seeds. Seedless vascular plants, such as ferns and horsetails, reproduce through haploid, unicellular spores rather than seeds.
What are seedless vascular plants examples?
Club mosses, horsetails, ferns, and whisk ferns are examples of modern seedless vascular plants.
Why are seedless vascular plants important?
Seedless vascular plants provide many benefits to life in ecosystems, such as food and shelter, as well as fuel and medicine to humans.
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Full Question: Which of the following are the only plant groups have sporophytes and gametophytes that are both photosynthetic and free-living?
Angiosperms
Seedless vascular plants
Gymnosperms
Nonvascolar plants
If you help me I will give brainliest
Answer:
I can't see the picture please repost the picture
From the right leg, lymph moves in which order? Oright lumbar trunk, right lymphatic duct, left subclavian vein Oright lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, right subclavian vein Oright lumbar trunk, right lymphatic duct, right subclavian vein Oright lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, left subclavian vein
The right order moving the lymph from the right leg is from the right lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, and left subclavian vein. The correct option is b.
What is lymph?
The lymphatic system is a component of the circulatory system and an important aspect of the immune system, consisting of a network of lymphatic vessels that transport a clear fluid known as lymph in the direction of the heart.
After filtration, lymph from lymph nodes goes to the subclavian veins via efferent lymph arteries. Smooth muscle contraction, pressure changes, and valve opening/closing all have an impact on the entire transport process.
Therefore, the correct option is b, right lumbar trunk, thoracic duct, and right subclavian vein.
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FILL THE BLANK. 13. If we mentally align the continents to fit Wegener's concept of Pangaea, evidence of Late Paleozoic glacial deposits ________.
If we mentally align the continents to fit Wegener's concept of Pangaea, evidence of Late Paleozoic glacial deposits is much easier to understand than in the current continental configuration.
Explain continental drift theory.
One of the earliest theories among geologists regarding how continents moved over time is known as continental drift. The revolutionary theory of continental drift was supported by fossils of similar organisms found on widely separated continents.
Most people think of the scientist Alfred Wegener when they think of the continental drift theory. Wegener presented his theory that the continents were "drifting" across the planet, occasionally crashing through oceans and into one another, in a study that was published in the early 20th century. This movement was dubbed "continental drift" by him.
Wegener was of the opinion that Pangaea, a vast, unified landmass, formerly included all of the continents of Earth. When describing Pangaea and continental drift, Wegener—an astronomer by training—used geology, biology, and botany. For instance, the extinct reptile Mesosaurus fossils are only discovered in southern Africa and South America. The Atlantic Ocean was too large for the freshwater reptile Mesosaurus, which measured barely one meter long. Mesosaurus's existence suggests a single environment with numerous lakes and rivers.
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in the context of hormones that suppress appetite, is produced by fat cells and inhibits neurons in the hypothalamus that contain the appetite stimulant neuropeptide y (npy), thereby signaling the body that it has had enough to eat. a) dopamine
b) ghrelin
c) leptin
d) glucose
Answer: leptin
Explanation:
if there are 20 centromeres in a cell at anaphase, how many chromosomes are there in eachdaughter cell following cytokinesis?
if there are 20 centromeres in a cell at anaphase, 10 chromosomes are there in each daughter cell following cytokinesis.
Before separation sister chromatids stay connected at centromeres. Each chromatid is a daughter chromosome after separation. the cell continues to divide into two daughter cells by Cytokinesis. There are 20 chromosomes in the dividing cell if there are 20 centromeres observed during anaphase. Thus, 10 chromatids will be distributed to each pole of the dividing cell: Now, each chromatid will become a daughter cell chromosome. the following cytokinesis will have 10 chromosomes, each comprised of a single chromatid.
Thus, the response is "10 chromosomes."
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use the following model of a eukaryotic transcript to answer the question. e1-4 refer to the exons, and i1-3 refer to the introns in the pre-mrna transcript. 5' utr e1 i1 e2 i2 e3 i3 e4 utr 3' suppose that exposure to a chemical mutagen results in a change in the sequence that alters the 5' end of intron 1 (i1). which of the following results might occur? question 6 options: premature transcriptional termination loss of e1 loss of the gene product inclusion of i1 in the mrna
The exposure to a chemical mutagen results in a change in the sequence that alters the 5' end of intron 1
5' UTR E1 E2 E3 E4 UTR 3'
inclusion of I1 in the mRNA
Asymmetric RNA Splicing The first genes with alternative RNA splicing were discovered in the 1970s.
When multiple combinations of exons are joined to make the mRNA, a procedure called alternative RNA splicing enables diverse protein products to be synthesized from a single gene. The frequency of various splicing alternatives is controlled by the cell as a way to regulate the production of different protein products in different cells or at different stages of development.
Alternative splicing can be haphazard, but more often it is controlled and acts as a mechanism of gene regulation. In eukaryotes, alternative splicing is widely recognized as a frequent process of gene control. One estimate place the proportion of human genes that are expressed as numerous proteins by alternative splicing at 70%.
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list three major biological functions of triacylglycerols
Triglycerides, cholesterol, and other critical fatty acids—what the medical community refers to as fats that the body cannot produce on its own—store energy, keep us warm, and safeguard our vital organs. They serve as messengers, facilitating the work that proteins do.
What role do triacylglycerols play in biology?Abstract. Due to their high energy density, triacylglycerols (TAGs) are the primary energy storage resource in mammals. Their hydrophobicity and substantially reduced state both play a role in this.
Quiz: What are the main roles of triglycerides in the body?Triglycerides serve a variety of purposes, including the storage of energy, cushioning, thermal insulation, joining of organs, and absorption of some vitamins. Phospholipids play a role in the construction of cell membranes, the breakdown of fats, and the myelin sheaths that surround neurons in the body.
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art-labeling activity: structure of long bones
Long bones have a diaphysis, the middle part of the bone, which connects its two ends, known as the epiphyses. The medullary cavity is lined by the diaphysis, which is formed by compact bone. The epiphysis is composed mainly of spongy bone and is covered by a thin layer of compact bone.
How is a bone structured?The bone structure is made up of several types of connective tissue (dense, bone, adipose, cartilaginous and blood), in addition to nervous tissue. It is the outermost, being a thin, fibrous membrane (dense connective tissue) that surrounds the bone, except at the articulating regions (epiphyses).
What is the difference between long and flat short bones?Short bones are nearly equal in length, width, and thickness. Examples: the patella, formerly known as the "kneecap" (knee bone), the carpal bones (some of the bones in the hand) and the tarsus (some of the bones in the foot). Flat bones are relatively thin and flattened.
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Explain why light and sound travel better in different mediums.
Light and sound will go through various types of materials at varying speeds as solids, liquids, & gases have highly varied densities.
How to explain this behaviour of light and sound?Light and sound waves behave quite differently from one another. To travel, sound waves need a medium, which is a physical substance. Physical substance is compressed and rarefied (decompressed) to create sound waves. Sound waves can pass through solids, liquids, & gases thanks to the compression and decompression processes.
Behaviour of sound- When a substance is exceptionally thick, its molecules and atoms are packed very closely together, which allows sound to move very quickly. Sound moves significantly more slowly in low density materials like air since the atoms are more widely spaced.
Behaviour of light- When moving through air and space, light moves far more quickly than sound. In addition to air and space, visible light also can pass through other materials. Additionally, several types of glass, polymers, water, and other substances can permit the passage of visible light. Light actually moves more slowly through water & glass than it does through other materials due to their physical variations in composition.
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select all the combined effects of parathyroid hormone and calcitriol. check all that apply bone resorption by osteoclastsbone resorption by osteoclasts activation of osteoclastsactivation of osteoclasts increase excretion of calcium by the kidneysincrease excretion of calcium by the kidneys increase absorption of calcium by the small intestineincrease absorption of calcium by the small intestine
While calcitriol and P-T-H have the same general effect of raising calcium and phosphate levels in the blood, calcitonin has the opposite effect. It causes the blood's levels of calcium and phosphate to drop.
The thyroid is a tiny, 5 centimeter-diameter gland that is found in the neck, just beneath the skin and below the Adam's apple. Thyroid hormones, which are secreted by the thyroid, regulate the body's calcium, or the rate at which chemical reactions take place. Due to their proximity to the thyroid, the phosphate levels have earned the name. Normally, there are four pea-sized parathyroid glands, one in each thyroid corner, however the precise position of these glands as well as their overall number can vary greatly.
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Hunting reduced the population size of the northem elephant seal to as few as 20 individuals at the end of the 19th century. Their population has
since rebounded to over 30,000, but they have much less genetic variation than a population of southern elephant seals that was not so intensely
hunted How is the lack of genetic variation related to the hunting episodes of the 1800's?
A
A
B
с
D
Natural selection occurred only the strongest northern elephant seals survived in the 1880's and that restricted gene pool exists
today
Genetic drift occurred the few individuals left behind were the seals that passed on that specific gene pool
During the 1800's some northern seals migrated and were able to survive. That gene pool is found in the current population
Adaptation occurred some seals were able to adapt to the punting environment and they survived to pass on their genes?ASAP!!!!!
Genetic differences are brought on by genetic drift, which occurs at random in any location at any time and pushes organisms to modify the frequency of their genotypes.
By genetic variants, what do you mean?
It is possible to define genetic variants as the existence of different gene sequences in animals belonging to the same species.The genetic drift in the population size of the northern elephant is caused by hunting. Anyone's specific genotype may benefit from hunting, and when this genotype may interbreed, it results in fewer genetic differences.Genetic differences therefore result from genetic drift, which occurs at random in any location at any time and drives organisms to alter their genotype frequency.Genetic variation is the variance in DNA sequences among members of a population. Germ cells, such as sperm and eggs, as well as somatic (all other) cells, are subject to variation.Variation in genetics refers to a person who exhibits traits that are unique from those seen in others of the same sort. It could also be relevant to the genomic differences between individuals of the same species or between populations of the same species that are found in various regions of the globe. It results through chromosomal crossing-over during gametogenesis, which is a special type of genetic recombination. A mutation, particularly one that permanently alters the chromosomal structure, can also cause genetic diversity. Consequently, a variant or mutant may also be affected by genetic variation. An organism that has developed a characteristic(s) due to mutation is referred to as a mutant.Hence, Genetic differences are brought on by genetic drift, which occurs at random in any location at any time and pushes organisms to modify the frequency of their genotypes.
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Which of the following is true of kinetochores?
a)The are the sites at which microtubules attach to chromosomes.
b)They cross at the cell's equator and move against each other, causing the cell to elongate.
c) They are the primary centrosome structures that maintain the attachment of the sister chromatids prior to
mitosis.
d) They are located at the center of the centrosome and organize tubulin into spindle fibers.
e)They attach to the ring of actin along the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane, causing the actin
to contract to form the cleavage furrow.
The kinetochores are located at the center of the centrosome and organize tubulin into spindle fibers.
Why are kinetochores located at the center of centrosome?A duplicated chromosome's centromere, also known as the nucleus, is where kinetochore formation occurs. An inner region and an outer region make up a kinetochore. Chromosome DNA is attached to the inner region. Spindle fibers are connected to the outer region. Additionally, kinetochore function is crucial for the cell's spindle assembly checkpoint. At specific points in the cell cycle, checks are done to make sure that cell division occurs correctly. Making ensuring the spindle fibers are properly affixed to chromosomes at their kinetochores is one of the checks. Each chromosome's two kinetochores should be connected to microtubules by opposing spindle poles. If not, the cell that is dividing risked having the wrong number of chromosomes.The cell cycle process is halted when errors are found until they are fixed. A process known as apoptosis will cause the cell to self-destruct if these mistakes or mutations cannot be fixed.What is a kinetochore?For precise chromosomal segregation, the vertebrate kinetochore, a complex structure, determines the attachments between the chromosomes and the microtubules of the spindle. On centromeric chromatin, kinetochores are put together via intricate routes timed to the cell cycle.
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you are asked by your boss to design a bioreactor to produce an antibiotic. a.) name two advantages of using a fed-batch process over cstr production. using mass balances on cells and substrate, i.e. starting from dx t and ds t dt dt
The key benefits of a fed-batch fermentation system are the ability to manage microbial growth rate, produce bioactive metabolites, and limit oxygen transport through inlet feeding rate.
what is fed batch fermentation?
Supplying nutrients continuously when cultivating is one technique to prevent them from becoming a limiting factor. A partially open system, this is referred to as a fed-batch process. The benefit of feeding during cultivation is that it makes it possible to produce overall higher product amounts. The bacteria and/or cells follow an exponential growth curve because they constantly divide under certain growth conditions. Because of this, the feed rate should also grow exponentially.
In continuous culture, the feed rate of a growth-limiting chemical (a chemostat) either maintains constant cell density or the feed rate is determined by cell density.
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structural damage from tornadoes is usually caused by
High winds are frequently to blame for tornado-related structural damage.
Why do tornadoes form?Thunderclouds contain warm, humid air that rises as chilly air that is accompanied by rain or hail descends.These circumstances might result in the formation of whirling air currents inside the cloud. Although the whirling currents begin horizontally, they have the ability to turn vertical, drop from the cloud, and eventually form a tornado..
What three types of tornadoes are there?Examples of various tornado types include the multiple vortex tornado, landspout, and waterspout.A waterspout is caused by a massive cumulus or cumulonimbus cloud coupled to a spiraling funnel-shaped.
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cam plants keep stomates closed in the daytime, thus reducing loss of water, they can do this because they
Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants keep stomata closed in the daytime to minimize photorespiration during photosynthesis.
Some plants are able to adapt in dry environment, such as cacti and pineapples. These plants use Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) to minimize photorespiration. This process is different with C3 and C4 plant.
Photorespiration is a pathway that competes with the Calvin cycle. It occurs as the rubisco acts on oxygen rather than carbon dioxide. Photorespiration causes sugar synthesis is decrease.
To prevent photorespiration, CAM plants open their stomata at night, allowing carbon dioxide to diffuse into the leaves. This carbon dioxide then converted to organic acid (malate). This organic acid will be stored until the next day. In daylight, CAM plants don’t open their stomata because the organic acid are go out of the vacuole and broken down for releasing carbon dioxide and enter Calvin cycle. It maintains a high concentration of carbon dioxide.
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Which of the following statements regarding enzyme function is false?
a. Enzymes do not show specificity for the substrates they bind.
b. Enzymes emerge unchanged from the reactions they catalyze. c. An enzyme binds to its substrate at the enzyme's active site. d. Enzymes are proteins. e. An enzyme's function depends on its three-dimensional shape.
The statement that is false regarding enzyme function is enzymes do not show specificity for the substrates they bind. The correct option is a.
What are enzymes?The difference in energy levels between substrates and products of the reactions determines whether the reactions are spontaneous or non-spontaneous in nature.
Because enzymes do not alter the energy levels of substrates and products, they cannot transform a non-spontaneous process into a spontaneous one. Enzymes only reduce the activation energy of a process, causing the non-spontaneous reaction to proceed at a faster pace.
Therefore, the correct option is a, Enzymes do not show specificity for the substrates they bind.
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an exotoxin that has the ability to kill or damage host cells is referred to as a(n) a.cytotoxin. b.A-B toxin. c.neurotoxin. d.enterotoxin. e.superantigen.
According to the research, the correct answer is Option A. An exotoxin that has the ability to kill or damage host cells is referred to as a cytotoxin.
What is a cytotoxin?An artificially made antibody or toxin that works by damaging cells allowing the innate and adaptive response to be triggered.
In this sense, it coordinates the response of the immune system and is produced by microorganisms, plants or animals that appears after repeated injections of cells of the same
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, a cytotoxin is an exotoxin that inhibits or damage specific cells.
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