Answer: Air enters through the nose (and sometimes the mouth), moves through the nasal cavity, the pharynx, the larynx, enters the trachea, moves through the bronchi and bronchioles till the alveoli.
Explanation:The pathway of air in the respiratory system starts with the external organs of the nose and mouth.
Nose: Air is inhaled through the nostrils (and sometimes through the mouth) where it is filtered by the hairs and cilia to remove dust particles and moistened. The nasal cavity also moderates the temperature of the inhaled air.
Pharynx: This is a common passage for food, water, and air. It leads from both the nose and the mouth and leads to both the trachea (windpipe) and the oesophagus (foodpipe).
Larynx: This is the voice box situated just over the trachea and has a flap called the epiglottis which closes during swallowing to prevent food from entering the trachea and opens during breathing.
Trachea: Air now enters the windpipe which is situated behind the sternum (breastbone) and between the two lungs.
Bronchus: From the trachea, two bronchi (one bronchus for each lung) enter the lungs and divide and subdivide into secondary and tertiary bronchi, getting narrower as they proceed into the lung.
Bronchioles: The tertiary bronchi branch into fine tubules called bronchioles, the last passageways for air.
Alveoli:. Air ends its pathway in the alveoli (sing. alveolus) which are tiny sacs with very fine singe-celled walls. These alveoli are surrounded by capillaries that connect the pulmonary arteries and veins and that enable transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
The Cell-mediated response is a chain reaction of antigens and Interleukins that results in:
A. The swelling of fluid and clotting elements to a damaged area.
B. The differentiation of helper T cells into cytotoxic T cells to destroy pathogens.
C. The production of macrophages to use phagocytosis on pathogens.
D. The differentiation of effector B cells into plasma cells to make antibodies.
The Cell-mediated response results in the production of macrophages to use phagocytosis on pathogens. The correct option is C.
Cell mediated immune response occurs when an invading antigen causes the release of cytokines (Interleukins), differentiation of T cells and production of macrophages.
Macrophages are produced through the differenciation of monocytes. They are further activated during an infection through the macrophage-activating cytokine (Interleukins).
Phagocytosis is the process used by immune cells such as macrophages which involves ingesting and eliminating pathogenic microorganisms.
Cell-mediated response dosent result to differenciation of helper T cells into cytotoxic T cells rather it leads to the activation of cytotoxic T cells. Therefore B is wrong.
Cell-mediated response dosen't lead to the production of antibodies therefore option D is wrong.
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Different between sinking and floating
Answer:
⬇ See below ⬇
Explanation:
Sinking is where an object/human/animal goes under a type of surface, normally water. Floating, on the other hand, is where an object is at the surface of a liquid, normally water. (Hope this helps!)
An ecologist counted the number of eggs in randomly selected nests in a population of birds. To test the hypothesis that the number of eggs per nest follows a Poisson distribution at the 5% level of significance, you will need to compare a calculated value with a critical value.
Eggs Number of nests Prob Expected
nest, xi per fi
0 15 0.2845 19.9
1 29 0.3576 25.0
2 19 0.2248 15.7
23 7 0.1331 9.3
SUM: 70 1.0000 70.0
What are the calculated and critical values for this test?
a. calculated = 45.6; critical = 5.991.
b. calculated = 3.10; critical = 5.991.
c. calculated = 5.89; critical = 5.991.
d. calculated = 3.10; critical = 7.815.
Answer:
d. calculated = 3.10; critical = 7.815.
Explanation:
To test the hypothesis Given in the question above, we use the Chisquare goodness of fit :
The test statistic is defined as :
χ² = Σ(Observed - Expected)² / Expected
Observed = number of nests
χ² = ((15 - 19.9)^2 / 19.9) + ((29 - 25)^2 / 25) + ((19 - 15.7)^2 / 15.7) + ((7 - 9.3)^2 / 9.3)
χ² = 3.1089
The critical value :
df = n - 1 = 4 - 1 = 3
The critical value ;P(χ² at 0.05, df = 3 ) = 7.815
Which of the following are the three areas of the tundra biome? (Choose all that apply.)
Arctic
Asian
Antarctic
alpine
Answer:
The three areas of the tundra biome are artic, antarctic and alpine.
state 6 importance of respiration
Answer
Respiration is important because it produces energy that is essential for the normal functioning of the body.Respiration provides cells with oxygen and expels toxic carbon dioxide.It provides pure oxygen to alive and for proper functions.It is very important to live alive.It supply and remove oxygen and carbon dioxide. It has a leading role in functioning in the human body.I want answers please
Explanation:
1.arm&base
2.a shutter controlled by a lever
3.Nosepiece,objective lenses,stage clips
6. 100X.....(this means that the image being viewed will appear to be 100 times its actual size
What is the structure of the middle ear?
Answer:
The middle ear is a narrow air-filled cavity in the temporal bone. It is spanned by a chain of three tiny bones—the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup), collectively called the auditory ossicles.
Explanation:
Hope this helps!;)
what is adaptation give any four characters of aquatic plants
Explanation:
Animals have special features that help them to live in a particular place. Therefore this features is called adaptation.
1] Aquatic plants have leaves that float on the surface of water.
2] Thier leaves are rarely have stomata.
3] Thier leaves can perform all the work without xylem.
4] They are usually lack cuticle layer in order to avoid excessive dryness.
Answer:
The most common adaptation is the presence of lightweight internal packing cells, aerenchyma, but floating leaves and finely dissected leaves are also common. Aquatic plants can only grow in water or in soil that is frequently saturated with water.
Four characters of aquatic plants are as given below:
1) most aquatic plants donot need culticles or have thin culticles as cuticles prevent loss of water.
2) aquatic plants keep their stomata always open for they do not need to retain water.
3) on each side of their leaves are a number of stomata.
4) aquatic plants have less rigid structure since water pressure supports them.
Explanation:
I hope this answer help you.
All of the following statements about ferns are correct except:_________
A) ferns flourish in many habitats, but the majority are located in the tropics.
B) the sporophyte is a conspicuous generation.
C) sori are located on the back or ventral surface of fronds.
D) the gametophyte is a conspicuous generation.
E) ferns have underground stems called rhizomes.
Answer: B) because in higher plants, such as angiosperms and gymnosperms, the sporophyte is the dominant generation.
All of the following statements about ferns are correct except the gametophyte is a conspicuous generation. Therefore, the correct option is D.
In ferns the gametophyte is usually much smaller and less noticeable, whereas the sporophyte is the more noticeable generation. The sporophyte, the famous giant pearl fern plant, is a major stage in the fern life cycle. Gametes (eggs and sperm) are produced by the gametophyte, which is a small, autonomous stage responsible for sexual reproduction.
Therefore, the correct option is D.
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in some plants pink flowers are dominant over yellow flowers if Mario crosses two hybrids what happens
Why did the White House experience water damage ?
1.
It is made of granite which is strong.
2. It is made of sandstone which is very porous and is easily penetrated by rainwater
3. It is made of non-porous sedimentary rock
The White House building is made of sandstone which is very porous as a result water is easily penetrated inside it which causes damage and make the walls of building weak.
The White House is made of gray-colored sandstone that is brought from quarry in Aquia, Virginia. The north and south porticos of white house building are constructed with red Seneca sandstone brought from Maryland. These sandstones are porous in which rainwater is easily penetrated in it that cause damage to the white house building so it is concluded that the building is made of porous sandstone.
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When neuroscientists employ the term "nucleus", they are usually referring to:_____.
a. a cluster of glial cells in the dorsal-medial CNS.
b. a neural unit composed of anatomically and functionally related neurons.
c. a group of homologous ganglia located either in the cortex or in the cerebellum.
d. cognitively synchronized clusters of apical dendrites anywhere in the PNS.
Answer:
B. A neural unit composed of anatomically and functionally related neurons.
water is an important chemical that dissolves other chemicals into what
Answer:
A Solution
Explanation:
A substance that is dissolved is a solution
Is the scorpion vertebrate ?
Answer:
scorpions are invertebrates but are insects
Answer:
A animal that is an vertebrate has a spine, and backbone. Some of these animals can be humans, dogs, cats, etc. But most 6 legged creatures, 8 legged creatures do not have a backbone.
To answer your question, no, scorpions are not vertebrates because they do not a spine and backbone.
Importance of antimicrobial emulsion
Answer:
Citral is a typical essential oil used in the food, cosmetic, and drug industries and has shown antimicrobial activity against microorganisms. Citral is unstable and hydrophobic under normal storage conditions, so it can easily lose its bactericide activity. Nanoemulsion technology is an excellent way to hydrophilize, microencapsulate, and protect this compound. In our studies, we used a mixed surfactant to form citral-in-water nanoemulsions, and attempted to optimize the formula for preparing nanoemulsions. Citral-in-water nanoemulsions formed at So 0.4 to 0.6 and ultrasonic power of 18 W for 120 seconds resulted in a droplet size of < 100 nm for nanoemulsions. The observed antimicrobial activities were significantly affected by the formulation of the nanoemulsions. The observed relationship between the formulation and activity can lead to the rational design of nanoemulsion-based delivery systems for essential oils, based on the desired function of antimicrobials in the food, cosmetics, and agrochemical industries.
what evidence shows that biological molecules on earth form naturally?
Explanation:
La siguiente entrada tiene como objetivo realizar una breve explicación sobre las moléculas biológicas lipídos y carbohidratos, las cuales son muy diversas ya que están formadas por carbono, lo cual hace que puedan formar muchos tipos de enlaces. Esta capacidad permite que las moléculas orgánicas adopten muchas formas complejas, como son las cadenas, las ramificaciones y los anillos.
Las moléculas biológicas son grandes polímeros que sintetizas para poder enlazarse con otras subunidades mucho mas pequeñas conocidos como monómeros. Las cadenas de subunidades estan unidas por enlaces covalentes los cuales se forman por deshidratación, estas cadenas pueden romperse por hidrólisis. La moléculas biologicas más importantes son los carbohidratos, lípidos, proteínas y ácidos nucleicos.
Jacqueline is a 42-year-old woman who is in her third trimester of pregnancy. Jacqueline has had three other children; their birth weights were 9.0 lbs, 9.5 lbs and 9.3 lbs. Jacqueline is a smoker with high blood pressure, and has gained 75 pounds during the last 4 months. 1. What is your diagnosis? 2. What test can you use to confirm your diagnosis? 3. What is Jacqueline's prognosis? 4. What treatments are available?
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic condition that occurs when the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin or when the body fails to use the insulin produced for glucose metabolism thereby leading to hyperglycaemia (increased blood glucose levels).
In pregnancy, diabetes is suspected in women who give this type of history:
Previous Delivery of babies weighing 9.0lbs and above.Cigarette smoking. And abrupt weight gain toward term of pregnancy.Constant monitoring of Jacqueline is required to prevent complications during and after the pregnancy. This is done by performing series of tests and giving insulin injections when the need arises.
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Which of the following is an example of evolution?
A. Plants colonizing inland areas after developing vascular systems that can hold and transport water.
B. An organism developing immunity to a disease after surviving it.
C. A Chameleon changing color when entering a different environment.
D. An organism dying because it is not adapted to its habitat.
Answer: B
Explanation: because it adapt to its environment to survive
The development of an organ system like a vascular system over a long period of time in plants is an example of evolution. Thus option A is correct.
What is evolution?Evolution is a series of events that have taken place in several years to make the species more advanced for the environment due to the introduction of multiple mutations in the genetic sequence.
During evolution, plants have gained the genetic mutation that codes for the vascular system which provide support and transports water in plants. So option A is correct.
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If a diglyceride is formed, how many water molecules are involved?
a.
One.
b.
It depends upon the length of the fatty acids involved.
c.
Two.
d.
Three.
e.
None.
Answer:
b.
It depends upon the length of the fatty acids involved
How are growth and development dinstinct from each other
Answer:
Growth is a physical change in ones body size that can be easily observed.
Development is the ability to do things complex, challenging, and difficult.
In this excerpt, a reader can conclude that Lizzie is playful based primarily on her
Answer:
based on Lizzie's words
fatty acids are the building blocks of.
A. lipids
B. amino acids
C. DNA
D. monosaccharides
Fatty acids are building blocks of lipids. The correct option is A.
Fats and oil are known as lipids.
Lipids are part of the classes of food which are made up of high proportion of carbon and hydrogen with very little oxygen.
Fats are solids and oils are liquids at room temperature. They serve the following functions to the body:
They provide the body with energyThey are solvents for fat-soluble vitamins and hormones.Before lipids can be absorbed into the body, they must be broken down into fatty acids and glycerol.
Therefore, fatty acids are building blocks of lipids.
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A new member of your team is visually impaired. He's having a hard time reading his computer screen. How can you show that you value diversity? a) Suggest the organization may not be a great fit. O b) Tell him to apply for a different job within the organization that does not b) require computer usage. 12 Od Tell him that he might want to schedule an eye exam. c) d) Provide access to technology that can magnify or read what is on the computer screen.
Explanation:
Provide access to technology that can magnify or read what is on the computer screen.
Glycolysis occurs in
1) mitochondria
2) cytoplasm
3) ER
5) Plastids
What can you learn about by studying DNA?
Answer:
whether these DNA tests can tell us much about an individual newborn's destiny, they are already a useful research tool that is providing new insights into how genes and environments interact, new avenues for understanding how mental illnesses (and other illnesses) develop and new pathways to explore potential ...
hope this will help you
mark me brainliest
Answer:
Explanation:
we can learn about DNA tests can tell us much about an individual newborn's destiny, they are already a useful research tool that is providing new insights into how genes and environments interact.
Normal blood clotting requires an adequate intake of vitamin K. Vitamin K is needed by the liver for
synthesis of prothrombin and other factors.
O a.
False
b. True
Clear my choice
.1.2 The type of control shown in the diagram is known as
Answer:
which diagram
Explanation:
I hope you understand
what is osmolarity of mammalian urine?
Answer:
The osmolarity of mammalian urine may vary over time. The osmolarity of mammalian urine varies little between species. Mammalian urine is always hyperosmotic to blood. The osmolarity of mammalian urine may vary over time.
Explanation:
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What are the student’s observations and inferences before he starts his investigation?
Answer:
Hypothesis. A Hypothesis is an estimation of what might happen and the student's observation before moving on to investigate.
For both clinical and cosmetic reasons, plastic surgeons inject substances into connective tissue underlying the skin epidermis. This plumps up areas deficient in soft tissue, and is used to reduce surgical scars or wrinkles, for example. Which normal connective tissue components are good candidates to be injected as fillers in this type of procedure
Answer:B.) collagen
C.) glycosaminoglycan
Explanation:
