Additionally, each of these p orbitals has the potential to simultaneously overlap with other p orbitals on both sides, creating a delocalized pi-electron cloud that extends above and below the plane of the entire ring.
What is orbital delocalization?
Any link in which the electrons have more than two nuclei to choose from is said to be delocalized.
The electrons in the bond are restricted to the space between the two carbon atoms in a molecule like ethylene. We refer to the electrons as being localized.
What do you mean by pi orbital delocalization?
Delocalization of the pi electrons offers the molecule additional stability by endowing the entire ring with partial double bond characteristics.
This additional stability is what distinguished aromatic compounds from other cyclic aliphatic compounds.
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which of the following statements is true? responses the exact location of an electron can be determined if we know its energy. the exact location of an electron can be determined if we know its energy. ni has two unpaired electrons in its 3d orbitals. ni has two unpaired electrons in its 3 d orbitals. in the buildup of atoms, electrons occupy the 4f orbitals before the 6s orbitals. in the buildup of atoms, electrons occupy the 4 f orbitals before the 6 s orbitals. an electron in a 2s orbital can have the same n, l, and ml quantum numbers as an electron in a 3s orbital. an electron in a 2 s orbital can have the same n , l , and m l quantum numbers as an electron in a 3 s orbital. only three quantum numbers are needed to uniquely describe an electron. only three quantum numbers are needed to uniquely describe an electron.
The statements that are true are, Ni has 2 unpaired electrons in its 3d orbitals, and in the building up of atoms, electrons occupy the 4f orbitals before the 6s orbitals.
The 3d orbitals of Ni are the five orbitals of the d-subshell, which have the following shapes: 3dxy, 3dxz, 3dyz, 3dx2-y2, and 3dz2. These orbitals are able to hold a maximum of ten electrons, and Ni has eight electrons in its 3d orbitals. Of the eight electrons, two of them are unpaired.
The first unpaired electron is in the 3dxy orbital. This orbital is a degenerate orbital, which means it can hold two electrons with opposite spins. When Ni has two electrons in the 3dxy orbital, one of them will have an up spin and the other will have a down spin, meaning they can occupy the same orbital without having to repel each other.
The second unpaired electron is in the 3dx2-y2 orbital. This orbital is also a degenerate orbital, which means it can hold two electrons with opposite spins. When Ni has two electrons in the 3dx2-y2 orbital, one of them will have an up spin and the other will have a down spin, meaning they can occupy the same orbital without having to repel each other.
In the second statement 4f orbitals are filled before the 6s orbitals due to the fact that the 4f orbitals have lower energy than the 6s orbitals. This means that electrons will fill the 4f orbitals first as they are closer to the nucleus and therefore have lower energy. The 6s orbitals are further away from the nucleus and therefore have higher energy than the 4f orbitals. This means that the electrons will fill the 4f orbitals before they fill the 6s orbitals.
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Draw the major organic product obtained by reaction of benzoyl chloride with dimethylamine, (CH3)2 NH.
The major organic product obtained by reaction of benzoyl chloride with dimethylamine, (CH3)2 NH is in the figure.
For an organic chemist, a natural product is one this is produced by a living organism. This definition encompasses many compounds already mentioned, consisting of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, all of which play an important and primary function in metabolic reactions.
The basic organic chemistry reaction types are addition reactions, removal reactions, substitution reactions, pericyclic reactions, rearrangement reactions, photochemical reactions and redox reactions. In natural synthesis, organic reactions are used in the construction of new organic molecules.
Exceptional chemical compounds used as fuels, insecticides and herbicides, diagnostics and medical devices, vitamins, perfumes, cosmetics, fabric and all styles of excessive-technology materials utilized in televisions, computers and other facts technology, and transportation and area machines are also the products of organic synthesis.
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radium-224 has a life-life of 3.66 days. what was the mass of the original sample of radium-224 if 0.0500 g remains after 7.32 days?
Answer: 0.2 g
Explanation:
Calculate the molar solubility of SrF2 (Ksp = 4.3×10−9) in the following substances.
1.4×10−2 M NaF
Express the molarity to two significant figures.
The molar solubility of SrF₂ in 1.3 x 10⁻² M of NaF is = 2.544 x 10⁻⁵ M
What is molar solubility vs solubility?The primary distinction between molar solubility and product solubility constant is that the former refers to the rate of dissolution of a substance per liter of a solution, while the latter refers to the dissolving of a solid in an aqueous solution.
We have, Ksp expression for the SrF₂ = 4.3×10⁻⁹
Ksp = [Sr²⁺] [F⁻]²
4.3 x 10⁻⁹ = (x) × (1.3 x 10⁻²)²
or, x = (4.3 x 10⁻⁹) / (1.3 x10⁻²)² M
or, x = 2.544 x 10⁻⁵ M
Molar solubility of SrF₂ in 1.3 x 10⁻² M of NaF is = 2.544 x 10⁻⁵ M.
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For which electrode could you use an inactive material? A.Zn B.both C.neither D.Co
Neither zinc(Zn) nor cobalt(Co) can be used as an inactive material. Both Zn and Co are active elements and they actively take part in the reactions.
What is electrode?Electrodes are defined as conductors that are used to make electrical contact with a non-metallic part of the circuit. Electrodes are of two types - reactive electrodes and inert electrodes
Reactive electrodes- These are the electrodes which take part in the reaction and can dissolve in the electrolyte. Examples are copper electrode, zinc electrode.
Inert electrodes - These electrodes do not take part in the reaction. Examples are carbon electrode etc.
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QUESTION 9 Determine the name for N2O5 nitrogen (II) oxide dinitrogen pentoxide an odide nitrogen oxide nitrogen tetroxide
The correct name of the compound is dinitrogen pentoxide.
What is the correct name of the compound?We know that we can be able to name a compound from the formula of the compound. This is the whole essence of the IUPAC nomenclature. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry put forward some standard rules that can be applied when we are naming a compound.
We can see here that we have two atoms of nitrogen and five atoms of oxygen in the compound and this would have to reflect as we name the compound and this also as we can see do derive directly from the molecular formula of the compound.
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helium and hydrogen gas are at an unknown ambient temperature, x. given this information, fill in the blanks below. simplify your answers whenever possible. write any numbers with three significant figures
Hydrogen and helium are the lightest elements in the periodic table.
What is helium and hydrogen made of?Hydrogen and helium are uniformly mixed and form a layer on the surface of gas giants. Scientists predicted in the 1970s that the two lightest elements might separate and form a region of demixing or immiscibility at the high temperatures and pressures found inside gas giants. They are the two most prevalent elements in the universe and are gases at room temperature, with hydrogen constituting roughly 75% of all matter. A helium atom consists of a nucleus with two neutrons and two positively charged protons, which is surrounded by two negatively charged electrons in orbit. One proton and one electron make up one hydrogen atom.translational = 3
rotational = 2
vibrational = 1
Total = 6
Internal energy = 6N x 1 /2 k T where N is no of molecules
E₁ = 3 N kT
At the temperature of 1000K , helium will have following degree of freedom
translational = 3
rotational = 0
vibrational = 0
Total = 3
Internal energy = 3N x 1 /2 k T where N is no of molecules
E₂ = 3 / 2 N kT
Ratio = E₁ / E₂
= 2
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It is the time elapse between stimulation and the start of reaction to the stimulation.
Reaction time time elapse between stimulation and the start of reaction to the stimulation.
What is reaction with example?A chemical reaction occurs when one or more chemicals combine to generate one or more new substances. An illustration of this is when iron plus oxygen combine to make rust. Vinegar with baking soda together result in the production of water, carbon dioxide, and sodium acetate. flammable or explosive items.
Why do chemical reactions occur?Chemical processes occur when atoms form or break chemical bonds. Products are the chemicals that are produced as a result of a chemical reaction, whereas reagents are the ingredients that initiate one.
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why does a animal cell make it a animal cell under a microscope???
Well, animal cells are unique. Like human cells, animal cells serve as the building blocks for the Animalia kingdom along with the organisms within it. Animal cells absorb nutrients and provide energy, form a structure for the organism, and generally help an animal function correctly and move. They can replicate themselves as they contain all the hereditary material of a living organism. But overall, a animal cell is a type of cell known as a eukaryotic cell in which it lacks a actual cell wall along with a genuine, membrane-bound nucleus that consists of other cellular organelles too.
The animal cell consists of the nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria and cytoplasm -- these 4 cell components can also be found in plant cells.
More information:
Well, “animal cells” are legitimately cells from an animal. They are cells that belong to the same class as "animals," but each one of them may be unique and serve a distinct purpose. The absence of a cell wall and chloroplasts makes them easily distinguishable from plant cells.
animal cell is a really big range of cells, so I’m going to share a few common ones here:
(1) Stem cells are crucial cells that can develop into many types of cells in the human body. They are located in the umbilical cord, where stem cells begin to differentiate into many types of cells with various roles in the developing baby' body.
(2) Red blood cells are a unique class of cells that lack a nucleus, making them targets for the spleen's destruction and breakdown into iron and bile pigments. It has hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen to create oxyhemoglobin, which then carries oxygen to every cell in the body.
(3) White blood cells: These immune system-supporting cells work to protect the body when foreign antigens are ingested. Phagocytes and lymphocytes are the two primary subgroups of white blood cells. While lymphocytes create antibodies and interact with other immune cells, phagocytes primarily ingest foreign particles through a process known as phagocytosis.
(4) Muscle cells are, of all, what allow animals to move about. They contract and relax with the bones to let the bodily component to move. Given that a body is made up of several muscle cells, this truly covers a large spectrum of cells.
Thanks.
1. What is the conjugate base for [tex]\mathrm{HNO}_2[/tex] ?
A. [tex]\mathrm{HNO}_3[/tex]
B. [tex]\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{NO}_2[/tex]
C. [tex]\mathrm{NO}_2{ }^{-}[/tex]
D. [tex]\mathrm{NO}^{-2}[/tex]
Answer:
[tex]\text{NO}_2^{-}[/tex]
Explanation:
A conjugate base is formed when a proton is removed from an acid.
So, the conjugate base of [tex]\text{HNO}_2[/tex] is [tex]\text{NO}_2^{-}[/tex].
a 192.0 ml solution of 0.114 m mgcl2 reacts with a 31.74 ml solution of 0.613 m naoh to produce mg(oh)2 and nacl.
The answer is 87%.
Solution:
Number of moles of MgCl2 = Volume* Molarity
nMgCl2 = 0.114*0.192= 0.021888 moles
Similarly, nNaOH = 0.02564*0.613= 0.015 moles
Now, according to the reaction, 1 mole of MgCl2 will react with 2 moles of NaOH to produce 1 mole of Mg(OH)2 and 2 moles of NaCl
Thus 0.021888 moles of MgCl2 will react with 0.021888*2 = 0.043776 moles of NaOH which is less than 0.015.
Hence NaOH will be the limiting reagent and will get totally consumed.
Now, according to the equation, 2 moles of NaOH corresponds to 1 mole of Mg(OH)2.
Thus the number of moles of Mg(OH)2 actually produced in the reaction is 0.015/2 = 0.007 moles
Mass of Mg(OH)2 that should have been produced produced = 0.007*58 = 0.406 gm
But actual mass-produced = 0.357 gm
Yield percent = (0.357*100)/0.406 = 87%
Aqueous solutions of magnesium chloride and sodium hydroxide react to form solid magnesium hydroxide and aqueous sodium chloride. This is a neutralization reaction, also called a double displacement reaction. This is a neutralization because you added the base magnesium hydroxide to the acid HCl. The products are salt and water.
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how many atomic orbitals are needed to form one bonding molecular orbital and one anti-bonding molecular orbital? explain. the bonding of three incorrect: your answer is incorrect. atomic orbital(s) on two correct: your answer is correct. different atom(s) will give rise to one bonding molecular orbital and one anti-bonding molecular orbital
There are two molecular orbitals are needed to form one bonding molecular orbital and one anti-bonding molecular orbital.
Bond orbitals Electrons that spend most of their time between the nuclei of two atoms are placed in bonding orbitals, and electrons that spend most of their time outside the nuclei of two atoms are placed in anti-bonding orbitals.
Adding up the same number of atomic orbitals gives the same number of molecular orbitals. Two atomic orbitals combine to form two molecular orbitals. An anti-bonding orbital is essentially the opposite of a bonding orbital. They form when atomic orbitals combine in ways that lead to almost destructive interference.
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all tissues consist of two main components,. mention them
All tissues consist of two main components: cells and extracellular matrix, consisting of a gelatinous substance called ground substance and numerous different protein fibers.
below is the cooling curve for a metal casting process. based on this information, how long does it take for the material to turn from liquid to solid? count only the time between the start and end of solidification. give your answer as a number in hours.
The total solidification time is the time required for the casting to solidify after pouring. This time is dependent on the size and shape of the casting by an empirical relationship known as Chvorinov's rule.
What is casting process?
This example is a model of a continuous casting process. Liquid metal is poured into a mold of uniform cross section. The outside of the mold is cooled and the metal solidifies as it flows through. When the metal leaves the mold, it is completely solidified on the outside, but still liquid inside. The metal will continue to cool and eventually solidify completely, at which point it can be cut into sections. This model is simplified somewhat by not computing the flow field of the liquid metal, it is assumed that the velocity of the metal is constant throughout. The phase transition from molten to solid state is modeled via a temperature dependent specific heat. Issues of convergence and mesh refinement are addressed for this highly nonlinear model.
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enthalpy of neutralization to be the most similar to that of sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid
Acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl) and bases include sodium hydroxide (NaOH). As a result, when they combine, they have a neutralization reaction that produces water and sodium chloride.
What happens in neutralization?The pH rises to about 7 as a result of neutralization, which happens when a base and a base combine. It is a useful technique that is applied in daily life, for example when lime is added to acid soils to treat and relieve indigestion. Furthermore, neutralization results in an alkali's pH dropping to about seven.
Why does neutralization take place?Taking a base balances out our stomach's excess acid. Due to the formic acid in the ant sting, it can be painful. Using wet baking soda, which really is basic in nature, we can counteract this acid impact and lessen the agony brought on by the sting.
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in order to secure reliable sources of rubber, tin, rice, scrap iron and liquid fuel, japan decided it must
In order to secure reliable sources of rubber, tin, rice, scrap iron and liquid fuel, japan decided it must both seize much of southeast asia and attack united states pacific bases in hawaii and elsewhere
When first created, natural rubber, also known as caoutchouc or India rubber, is made of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, along with water and trace amounts of other organic compounds. The top two producers of rubber are Thailand and Indonesia. Elastomers are a category for different types of polyisoprene that are used as natural rubbers. At the moment, rubber is mostly obtained from rubber trees or other sources as latex. Making incisions in the bark and collecting the fluid in vessels is a process known as "tapping," which removes the latex, a sticky, milky colloid. The rubber created from the refined latex is then ready for industrial processing. Latex is allowed to coagulate in the collection cup in major areas.
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why is sulfur bigger than oxygen
Answer:
sulfur is bigger than oxygen because the number of protons that are present in oxygen is 8, while the total number of protons of sulfur is 16 this clearly states that the size of sulfur is lager because of the higher number of protons and more filled orbitals.
because cindy's proposal is unsolicited, the (fill in the blank) approach is the best choice because it gives her a chance to prove her points and gradually overcome audience reservations.
Cindy's proposal is unsolicited, the indirect approach.
The inquiry method is characterized as a scholar-centered technique, this is, through this methodology the pupil is capable of constructing their personal way of studying. In this way, the scholar can expand hypotheses, talk with colleagues, and argue standards thru realistic experimental activities.
Inexperienced solvents are environmentally pleasant solvents, or bio solvents, which can be derived from the processing of agricultural crops. Using petrochemical solvents is the key to most people of chemical procedures but now not without intense implications on the environment.
Conceptual techniques: mastering through experience. Gaining knowledge through summary conceptualization by developing techniques and theories. Studying via lively experimentation. Learning via reflective commentary.
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What is the percent of Cu in
CuSO4?
(Cu = 63.55 g/mol, S = 32.07 g/mol,
O = 16.00 g/mol)
[?]% Cu
According to the given data percentage composition of Cu in CuSO[tex]^{4}[/tex] is 25.45%
What is meant by percent composition?
The concept of percent composition is very straightforward. By mass, the percent composition of a compound reveals the percentage of each element that is present. The combination of two or more elements results in a chemical compound.
To calculate the percentage composition of Cu in CuSO[tex]^{4}[/tex] we first need to calculate the Molecular mass of CuSO[tex]^{4}[/tex].
Given,
Cu = 63.55 g/mol
S = 32.07 g/mol
O = 16.00 g/mol
Now,
The molecular mass of CuSO[tex]^{4}[/tex] = atomic mass of Cu + atomic mass of S + 4 × atomic mass of O
= 63.5+32+4×16
= 63.5+32+64 g
= 159.5 g
Percentage composition of Cu in CuSO[tex]^{4}[/tex]
(Atomic mass of Cu / Molecular mass of CuSO[tex]^{4}[/tex]) × 100
= (63.5/159.5) × 100
= 39.81%
So, the percentage composition of Cu in CuSO[tex]^{4}[/tex] is 25.45%
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Which ions remain in solution, unreacted, after each of the following pairs of solutions is mixed? lead nitrate and lithium sulfide
The inorganic salt of nitric acid and lead is the chemical compound lead(II) nitrate.
What is Lead nitrate?It is a strong, stable oxidant that appears as white powder or colorless crystal. It dissolves in water, unlike the majority of other lead(II) salts.
Since the Middle Ages, when it was known as plumb dulcis, its primary use has been as a raw ingredient for the creation of several pigments. It has been utilized industrially as a heat stabilizer in nylon and polyester since the 20th century, as well as in coatings for photothermographic paper.
In the United States, commercial manufacturing did not begin until after 1943, and in Europe, it did not begin until the 19th century. The typical production procedure involved metallic lead or lead oxide in nitric acid.
Therefore, The inorganic salt of nitric acid and lead is the chemical compound lead(II) nitrate.
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how is the HFusion used to calculate the mass of solid that 1kJ of energy will melt?
The equation to use Hfusion to calculate the energy needed to melt a mass of solid is Grams solid × mol/g × H fusion
what is Hfusion?
The heat of fusion is the amount of heat required to turn 1 g of solid into a liquid without causing a change in temperature.
1Kg×1/H fusion ×g/mol solid
Numerous everyday household products have been produced using the heat of fusion technique, which has numerous other uses. Melting ice into water is the most typical application of the heat of fusion. Manufacturing is where you'll find the great majority of instances of heat of fusion in use. The following examples have been in use for many centuries and are still refined today. Heat of fusion is a necessary step in the production of things such as coins, glass, forged metal, and household goods made from blow-molded plastic.
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is ch3ch2nh2 acid or base
[tex]{ \purple{ \tt{weak \: base}}}[/tex]
Explanation:
Because, in ethylamine, the carbon nearer to amine is a methyl group and they are electron releasing groups. So, the methyl group helps to increase electron charge density and it makes the compound more basic.
CH₃CH₂NH₂ (ethyl amine) is nucleophilic base.
What do you mean by base ?A substance that can neutralize acids and accept hydrogen ions from water. Bases can turn some dyes blue and feel slippery or soapy on the skin. Sodium hydroxide is a good illustration of a base.
Because methyl groups, which are electron-releasing groups, are located closer to the amine in ethyl amine. The methyl group thus contributes to an increase in electron charge density and increases the basicity of the molecule.
The chemical formula for ethanamine, sometimes referred to as ethyl amine, is CH₃CH₂NH₂. It is base.
Thus, CH₃CH₂NH₂ is base.
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2) Ionic bonding is expected in which of these compounds?
A) [tex]\mathrm{Cl}_2[/tex]
B) [tex]\mathrm{KF}[/tex]
C) [tex]\mathrm{OF}_2[/tex]
D) [tex]\mathrm{HF}[/tex]
E) [tex]\mathrm{H}_2[/tex]
Ionic bonding is expected in KF because in it one is metal and one is non-metal which is essential to form an ionic bond.
What is Ionic bonding?
Ionic bonding is a kind of chemical bonding that includes the electrostatic attraction among oppositely charged ions, or among two atoms with sharply different electronegativities, and is the number one interplay taking place in ionic compounds. It is one of the primary styles of bonding alongside with covalent bonding and metal bonding. Ions are atoms (or organizations of atoms) with an electrostatic charge. Atoms that advantage electrons make negatively charged ions (called anions). Atoms that lose electrons make undoubtedly charged ions (called cations). This switch of electrons is thought as electrovalence in assessment to covalence.
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the action potential of a neuron is initiated by an influx of na is terminated by influx of k declines in amplitude as it moves along the axon results in a transient reversal of the concentration gradient of na across the membrane is not associated with any movement of the na or k across the cell membrane
The membrane is not associated with any movement of the na or k across the cell membrane Because the concentration of Na+ is higher outside the cell than inside the cell by a factor of 10.
4A.
Initiated by Influx od Na+
When a nerve is stimulated, Na ions enter in to the axon increasing the positive ions inside the axon. This causes reversal of the potential across the membrane. This is called depolarization which travels alsong the length of the neuron. Such a potential difference carried is called action potential. So, it all srats with influx of Na ions.
4B.
Cells of Macula densa are located in the afferent arteriole.
The above is not the right statement. Macula densa are the modified epithelial cells present in the walls of the distal convoluted tubule. It is not present in the walls of the afferent arteriole. Macula densa is sensitive to Na ion concentration. Low Na ions stimulate the juxta glomerulus to release Reinn which increases the blood pressure in blood vessels.
4C.
It represents the driving pressure for blood flow.
Normal blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. Where 120 is systolic pressure and 80 is diastolic pressure. The mean arterial pressure indicates the over all blood flow int he cardiac cycle so that the amount of nutrients reaching a tissue can be estimated. It is the average blood pressure in the cardiac cycle in an individual.
4 D
Arteriole diameter.
When the diameter of arteriole increases, there is more blood flowing in to capillaries with force. Because of increased pressure in arterioles, the capillary blood pressure will also increase. Decrease in colloidal osmotic pressure will decrease blood pressure. Interstitial cell albumin levles will not affect the blood pressure in blood vessels. Less arteriole resistance, blood pressure will reduce.
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from its electronic configuration, predict which of the first 10 elements would be most similar in chemical behavior to the as yet undiscovered element 170.
From the electronic configuration, the element which is similar in chemical behavior to the undiscovered element 170 is beryllium(Be).
Beryllium(Be) is a fourth element in the periodic table and it has fulfilled s-orbitals with two electrons. The electronic configuration of an element with electron number 170 also ends up with all of the s-orbitals filled up. So, the electronic configuration is similar to the beryllium(Be) element, which is alkaline earth metal. It means that 170th element is also an alkaline earth metal, which form hydroxides.
Therefore, from the electronic configuration, the element which is similar in chemical behavior to the undiscovered element 170 is beryllium(Be).
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Draw a Lewis structure for SiF5- and answer the following questions based on your drawing.
1. For the central silicon atom:
... The number of lone pairs =
The number of single bonds =
The number of double bonds =
2. The central silicon atom ____
... A. Obeys the octet rule
B. Has an incomplete octet.
C. Has an expanded octet.
The Lewis structure of SiF₅ shows that there are 5 single bonds in the compound with no double bonds and the central silicon atom expands the octet since it is bonded with 9 electrons.
What is silicon Penta fluoride?Silicon penta fluoride SiF₅ is a covalent compound formed by the sharing of electrons between silicon and fluorine. Silicon is 14th element and it have 4 valence electrons. Thus, it need 4 more electrons to attain octet.
Fluorine is 17th element containing 7 valence electrons. Thus it needs 1 electron to attain octet. Each F shares their one valence electrons with silicon and Si thus exceeds octet by receiving 9 electrons. All the 5 bonds are single bonds.
The one extra pair of electron make the charge on the central atom. Thus the compound does not obey octet rule.
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Help me solve all of these and please provide all work
13.929484 g is the mass in grams of calcium hydroxide will be needed to react completely with 18.52 grams of sulfuric acid.
What is sulfuric acid?
Sulfuric acid, also known as sulphuric acid or oil of vitriol in the past, is a mineral acid made up of the elements hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur with the chemical formula H2SO4. It is a viscous liquid that is miscible with water. It has no color or smell.
Ca(OH)2+H2SO4→2H2O + CaSO4
1 mol Ca(OH)2 react with 1 mol H2SO4
molar mass of Ca(OH)2 =74.093 g/mol
molar mass of H2SO4=98.079 g/mol
⇒mol of H2SO4 in 18.52 grams=
⇒ 18.52/98.079 =0.188 mol H2SO4
So, 0.188 mol H2SO4
molar mass Ca(OH)2 =74.093 g/mol
Mass of 0.188 mol H2SO4= 0.188*74.093 g/mol=13.929484 g
13.929484 g is the mass in grams of calcium hydroxide will be needed to react completely with 18.52 grams of sulfuric acid.
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Calculate the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 260.5 g of aluminum from 0 °C to 125 °C. The molar heat capacity of aluminum is 24.2 J/K•mol.
Taking into account the definition of calorimetry, the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature is 29,191.25 J.
Definition of calorimetryCalorimetry is the measurement and calculation of the amounts of heat exchanged by a body or a system.
Sensible heat is defined as the amount of heat that a body absorbs or releases without changes in its physical state (phase change). In other words, when heat added or removed from a substance causes a temperature change in it without affecting its molecular structure, it is called sensible heat.
The expression that allows to calculate heat exchanges is:
Q = c× m× ΔT
where:
Q is the heat exchanged by a body of mass m.c is the specific heat substance.ΔT is the temperature variation.Amount of energy neededIn this case, you know:
Q= ?c= 24.2 J/Kmolm= 260.5 gmolar mass= 27 g/molemoles= m÷ molar mass= 250.5 g÷ 27 g/mole= 9.65 molesΔT= Tfinal - Tinitial= 125°C - 0°C= 125°C= 125°KReplacing in the definition of sensible heat:
Q= 24.2 J/Kmol× 9.65 moles× 125°K
Solving:
Q= 29,191.25 J
Finally, the amount of energy needed is 29,191.25 J.
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Saline solutions (nacl in water) used to deliver intravenous drugs are 0. 89% (w/v). What mass of nacl is found in 500 ml of such a solution?.
1.55 M equals moles. 5 moles of NaCl = 0.775 moles Explanation: Molarity = number of moles of solute per litre of solution To begin, we must convert 500 mL to Liters.
what is saline used for ?
Saline (or saline solution) is a solution of sodium chloride (salt) and water. It has a variety of medical applications, including wound cleansing, contact lens removal and storage, and dry eye relief. It is used to treat dehydration caused by gastroenteritis and diabetic ketoacidosis by injecting it into a vein. Excessive quantities can cause fluid overload, edoema, acidosis, and high blood sodium. Excessive usage may result in osmotic demyelination syndrome in those who have long had low blood salt levels.
1.55 M equals moles. 5 moles of NaCl = 0.775 moles Explanation: Molarity = number of moles of solute per litre of solution To begin, we must convert 500 mL to Liters.
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the citric acid cycle includes four types of primary reactions: oxidative decarboxylation, substrate-level phosphorylation, dehydrogenation, and hydration. sort the following steps of the citric acid cycle based on its reaction type. drag the appropriate reaction to their respective bins.
The first reaction in this case, the conversion of succinate to fumarate, falls under the dehydrogenation category.
The second reaction falls under the category of oxidative decarboxylation and involves the conversion of beta-ketoglutarate to succinyl-CoA.
Isocitrate's conversion to -Ketoglutarate in the third reaction falls under the category of oxidative decarboxylation.
The fourth reaction, a succinyl-CoA to succinate conversion, falls under the heading of substrate-level phosphorylation.
The fifth reaction, the transformation of L-Malate to oxaloacetate, falls under the dehydrogenation category.
The sixth reaction, the transformation of fumarate to L-malate, falls under the hydration category.
What happens during the citric acid cycle?Redox, dehydration, hydration, and decarboxylation reactions are all included in the eight steps of the citric acid cycle. Three NADH molecules, one FADH2 molecule, and one GTP or ATP molecule are formed during each cycle turn and used later in the process of cellular respiration to create ATP for the cell.
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