The human immune system detects the presence of pathogens using pattern recognition receptor molecules that bind to common components of pathogens, such as peptidoglycan polymers in cell walls and the flagellin protein of bacterial flagella, known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns, or PAMPs. These receptors are effective becauseGroup of answer choicesthey detect only human immune molecules.they result in rapid evolution of the host immune system.they recognize evolutionarily conserved molecules that are structurally essential to the various bacteria that use them.PAMPs evolve more quickly than other pathogen molecules.

Answers

Answer 1
Pamps evoke more when less people care about ratcoons when I took my grandpa to plants the cats ate her plants
Answer 2

They recognize evolutionarily conserved molecules that are structurally essential to the various bacteria that use them.

What are Pattern recognition receptor molecules?

Pattern recognition receptor molecules detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are structurally conserved components of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. These molecules are essential for the survival and function of the pathogen, and are not found in the host's cells.

By recognizing PAMPs, the immune system can quickly identify and respond to a wide range of potential pathogens, without needing to recognize every individual pathogen separately. Therefore, the receptors are effective because they recognize evolutionarily conserved molecules that are structurally essential to the various bacteria that use them.

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Related Questions

What type of trait is the body length?

Answers

The type of trait the body length is, is polygenic

what do we call the actual gas or substance that causes air pollution?​

Answers

Answer:

The actual gas that causes air pollution is called a pollutant

Explanation:

Air pollution is the decrease in air quality. Air pollutants are the gases that cause air pollution.

What are pollutants?

Pollutants are harmful substances and particles that affect the quality of the environment and are man-made or natural. Fly ash from volcanic eruptions is a natural pollutant that deters the air quality.

The air pollutants like carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon dioxide released from the burning of fossil, coal, and vehicles alter the air quality and result in a change in weather conditions.

Therefore, the pollutants are the actual gases that cause air pollution.

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Please Please Help Me!!!

Describe an experiment used to prove that amino acids and sucrose go up and down the phloem.​

Answers

Answer:

By using carbon-14 in the experiment in order to prove the statement.

Explanation:

Translocation occurs in the plant body in order to transport amino acids and sucrose from one part to another by the phloem tissues. In order to prove this, we have to incorporate radioactive element in the amino acid or sucrose which shows us that through which layer the amino acids and sucrose move in the plant body. For this purpose, carbon-14 can be used to trace the path of the translocation of amino acids and sucrose. Through this experiment we will find out that phloem layer is the path used by the plant to move amino acids and sucrose from one part to another.

Y’all plz help I fell asleep and don’t remember

Answers

The answer is

A: Reverses the order of bases in a DNA strand

Took this a while ago and remember the answer and I got them all right. Let me know if there’s anything else you need

Answer:

A.

Explanation:

A mutation is least likely to affect a cell when the mutation reverses the order of bases in a DNA strand.

HELP!!!!!! 50PTS!!!!

Which of the following is a result of artificial selection? (4 points)
Animals with beneficial traits in a given environment survive.
Beneficial traits are selected based on the environment.
Individuals with beneficial adaptations reproduce more and pass traits on to offspring.
Crops and livestock animals bear little resemblance to wild ancestors.

Answers

Answer:

Beneficial traits are selected based on the environment.

Explanation:

The Bloodhound dog breed was bred in the middle ages for an excellent sense of smell to be used for hunting.

Many scientists are worried that the increased amount of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere will _____

A. make it harder for animals to breathe

B. use up all our fossil fuels

c. cause Earth to warm up unnaturally

D. make green plants grow too fast

Answers

The answer will be C. Cause Earth to warm up unnaturally


Explanation: the more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the hotter the earth will become. Changing the earths climate

If the population of tree were destroyed due to deforestation what is the most likely to outcome of this food chain 

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

The primary would decrease due to no trees

what is electromagnetism​

Answers

Answer:

Electromagnetism is a branch of physics involving the study of the electromagnetic force, a type of physical interaction that occurs between electrically charged particles. ... At high energy the weak force and electromagnetic force are unified as a single electroweak force.

This is a multiselect question! Select ALL of the following that correctly describe the
function of stem cells:

A)Cells that can differentiate into (become) any type of cell. Ex. blood, muscle, skin
cells.
B)Cells that can renew themselves continuously.
C) Cells that cannot specialize into different types of cells.
D) Cells that come from bone marrow or embryos.

Answers

Answer:

A, B, and D

Explanation:

Stem cells are special human cells that are able to develop into many different cell types. They commonly come from bone marrow, and from embryos.

Which of the following is not an example of coevolution? A. Prey evolve faster running to escape, and predators evolve to smarter at catching prey. B. Predators evolve heavy jaws to crunch the bones of herbivores, and herbivores evolve thick fur for warmth. C. Plants evolve chemical defenses and herbivores evolve ways to neutralize the chemicals. D. Insects evolve green wings to blend into the environment, and predators evolve better eyesight to find the prey. Explain why.

Answers

The statement 'predators evolve heavy jaws to crunch the bones of herbivores, and herbivores evolve thick fur for warmth' is NOT an example of coevolution.

Coevolution is an evolutionary process where two or more species evolve in a parallel manner.

Coevolution is caused by an evolutionary race between species.

In general, coevolution is caused by selective pressures between one taxonomic group on another.

In conclusion, the statement 'predators evolve heavy jaws to crunch the bones of herbivores, and herbivores evolve thick fur for warmth' is NOT an example of coevolution.

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This is the ultimate source of our energy

Answers

Answer:

yes thats right, its the sun

The sun. Is the right answer

HELP! VERY EASY!! GIVING BRAINLIEST!!! 15 POINTS HURRY!!

Answers

Answer:

c is the correct answer

Explanation:

I will give you the brain thing if you help me this correct way

Answers

The trains will move away from eachother. They will Repel one another because the sides that are facing eachother on the magnet are the same

The positive side of a magnet always has S. The negative side always has N. S will always face away from you in a compass

hi..................

Answers

Answer:

Hi! Before I go tell me what you think of this meme I made:

Explanation:

hello free points?.......

Which organelle converts energy from nutrients?
A. Ribosome
B. Vacuole
C. Nuclues
D. Mitochondria


HELP ME PLEASE

Answers

Answer:

ç.

Explanation:

please click the heart and rate excellent and brainleist to

why won't ocean plants thrive in fresh water

Answers

Answer:

The salt doesn't flow into the cells much and the water doesn't leave much. Algae and plants can get away with having water attracted into their cells because they have a rigid cell wall outside the delicate cell membrane.

Answer:

the amount of salt in ocean water vs fresh water

Explanation:

Is this an accurate description of the water cycle?

The water cycle is water in the sea or ocean that gets evaporated, that’s condensation. It turns into clouds but then just falls again as rain/snow, that’s precipitation. It goes to streams and runoffs. That is the water cycle.

Answers

Answer:

Yes,I think this is correct

Answer:

right, maybe that's the right answer

Explanation:

sorry if my answer is wrong

How many sqaure feet would I have left if I take away 30 to 40 feet from 100 by 150​

Answers

The correct answer is 13,800 feet.

Explanation:

30 to 40 feet has an area of 30 x 40 = 1200 sq ft

100 to 150 feet has an ares of 15,000 sq ft.

To get to the answer, you simply subtract 1200 from 15,000 to get 13,800.

Hope this helps! :)

Select the correct answer. Which of the following is true for balancing equations? A. The number of products should be equal to the number of reactants. B. The properties of products should be the same as the properties of reactants. C. There must be as equal number of compounds on both sides of the equation. D. There must be as equal number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation.

Answers

D is the correct answer to your question

Answer:

d

Explanation:

pls answer ill give brainlyist (ik i spelt it wrong)

Scientists have recorded increasing ocean temperatures. Which of the following is not a consequence of these increasing global temperatures?

altered species interactions



lower salinity in ocean water



shifts in the range of habitat for organisms



changes in the seasonal abundance of populations

Answers

Answer:

Lower Salinity in the ocean water.

Explanation:

The ocean absorbs most of the excess heat from greenhouse gas emissions, leading to rising ocean temperatures. Increasing ocean temperatures affect marine species and ecosystems. Rising temperatures cause coral bleaching and the loss of breeding grounds for marine fishes and mammals.

Evaporation of ocean water and formation of sea ice both increase the salinity of the ocean. However these "salinity raising" factors are continually counterbalanced by the continuous input of fresh water from rivers, precipitation of rain and snow, and melting of ice.

As temperature increases, the space between water molecules increases—also known as density, which therefore decreases. ... Salinity and density share a positive relationship. As density increases, the amount of salts in the water—also known as salinity, increases

Which statement concerning the climax stage of an ecological succession is correct?
A) It is the first community to inhabit an area.
B) It consists entirely of plants.
C) It persists until the environment changes.
D) It changes rapidly.

Answers

Answer:

C) It persists until the environment changes.

Explanation:

Hope this helps

GIVING BRAINLIEST!!!!!!

The brain sends signals to the rest of the body so that our bodies do what is needed to survive. Explain what the brain tells your body to do if you touch a hot object with your hand.

A) Move your hand away
B) Pump less blood to your hand
C) Slow down your heart rate

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation: I got it correct on a quiz I did that had this question

Move your hand away. Therefore, option (C) is correct.

What is reflex arc?

A reflex arc is a neural pathway that mediates a reflex action. It is a rapid and automatic response to a specific stimulus that does not require conscious thought or decision-making from the brain. When a sensory receptor in the body, such as the skin or muscles, is stimulated, a nerve impulse is transmitted to the spinal cord, where it is processed by an interneuron.

The interneuron then sends a signal through a motor neuron to the effector, such as a muscle, causing a rapid and involuntary response, such as pulling your hand away from a hot stove. This entire process occurs without conscious control from the brain, allowing for quick and protective responses to potentially harmful stimuli.

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Un estudiante presenta una condicion especial llamada gigantismo su altura es mucho mayor que la de los compañeros de la misma edad y se descarta que la causa sea un problema heredero podemos suponer que este estudiante tiene insuficiente de la hormona esta hormona no ingresa a las celulas en su mecanismo de accion por se.

Answers

La respuesta correcta para esta pregunta abierta es la siguiente.

A pesar de que se te olvidó incluir las opciones o incisos para responder a tu pregunta, podemos comentar lo siguiente, basándonos en nuestro conocimiento sobre la materia.

Podemos pensar que la hormona que no produce este niño que sufre de gigantismo es la hormona llamada somatotropina. Esta hormona es muy importante durante el crecimiento y desarrollo del niño en la infancia porque secreta la adenohipófisis, una glándula vital para el correcto y proporcionado desarrollo en la etapa de la niñez.

Entonces, si no hay una secreción correcta de la hormona somatotropina, ésta hace que el niño desarrolle la condición llamada gigantismo.

Entonces podríamos decir lo siguiente.

Un estudiante presenta una condición especial llamada gigantismo su altura es mucho mayor que la de los compañeros de la misma edad y se descarta que la causa sea un problema heredero podemos suponer que este estudiante tiene insuficiente de la hormona de crecimiento o somatotropina. Esta hormona no ingresa a las células en su mecanismo de accion por ser una derivación de aminoácidos.

PLS HELP ASAP!!!!!
Think about a model that you can construct that could be used to show the difference in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In 6 complete sentences(3 for each type of cell), explain the process you would use to construct the model and how you would use the model to explain the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells to your classmates.

Answers

Answer:

Prokaryotic cell-- no organelles, no membrane.

Eukaryotic cell -- Have organelles and membrane.

Explanation:

For the model of prokaryotic cell, we construct the model by removing organelles from the cell whereas in the eukaryotic cell, we add the organelles because in eukaryotic organisms, organelles are present in the cell that performs specific function. In the model of prokaryotic cell, we have to remove membrane around the nucleus whereas membrane president around the nucleus. In the prokaryotic cell, nucleus is not visible while on the other hand, in eukaryotic cell, the nucleus is visible and can be differentiate from other organelles.

i need help with #3 bad please i’ll give u a brainliest if u give me the correct answer i promise

Answers

Answer:

Its A

Explanation:

If you look closeley at the modle you can start to notice a pattern. Therefore a repeating structure. And they arent moving freely since they are combined into a compound to create NaCi.

Use the following dichotomous key to identify an irregular blue flower with five petals and a fruit that is a ripened flower ovary or follicle. Dichotomous Key of Ranunculaceae #1. a. Fruit is a group of alkenes. (go to step 2) b. Fruit is a group of follicles. (go to step 4) #2. a. Petals are not present. (go to step 3) b. Petals are present. (Ranunculus) #3. a. The flower has 4 sepals. (Clematis) b. The flower has 5 sepals. (Anemone) #4. a. The flowers are regular. (Aquilegia) b. The flowers are irregular. (Delphinium) The flower is a: A. Anemone B. Clematis C. Delphinium D. Ranunculus

Answers

Question:

Use the following dichotomous key to identify an irregular blue flower with five petals and a fruit that is a ripened flower ovary or follicle.

Dichotomous Key of Ranunculaceae

#1.

a. Fruit is a group of alkenes.............................. go to step 2

b. Fruit is a group of follicles..............................go to step 4

#2.

a. Petals are not present.....................................go to step 3

b. Petals are present............................................Ranunculus

#3.

a. The flower has 4 sepals.................................. Clematis

b. The flower has 5 sepals................................... Anemone

#4.

a. The flowers are regular..................................... Aquilegia

b. The flowers are irregular................................... Delphinium

The flower is a: A. Anemone B. Clematis C. Delphinium D. Ranunculus

Answer:

The species belongs to Delphinium genera.

Explanation:

A dichotomous key is relatively simple to interpret. All you need to do is to:

- carefully observe your organism,

- know some technical terms or have a biological dictionary, and

- follow the descriptions.

The dichotomous key is going to lead you to the answer.

In the example, we have a plant species with irregular blue flowers and five petals. The fruits are a ripened flower ovary or follicles.

Irregular flower: Term that refers to asymmetrical flowers that only have one plane. Follicle: Term that refers to dry dehiscent fruits originated from a flower with only one carpel. When mature, they open by the ventral suture.

So, let us begin, step by step. For each number, we are going to have two options (a and b). By knowing our organism, we need to decide which one is correct and follow indications.

#1.

a. Fruit is a group of alkenes.............................. go to step 2.

b. Fruit is a group of follicles..............................go to step 4.

We know that our fruit is a follicle. Option a is not correct (it is not a group of alkenes). Option b is the correct one. Knowing this, we must go to step four. ***Note: In the hypothetical case that the fruits were a group of alkenes, and option a was correct, we should go to step two, as indicated***.

#4.

a. The flowers are regular..................................... Aquilegia

b. The flowers are irregular................................... Delphinium  

We know that our flower is an irregular one. So the correct option is b. This option leads us to Delphinium genera. Our species belongs to this taxonomic group. ***Note: In the hypothetical case that the fruit was actually a regular flower, and option a was correct, our species would belong to Aquilegia genera***

What happens when plates meet? (4 complete sentences minimum)

Answers

Answer:

If two tectonic plates collide, they form a convergent plate boundary. Usually, one amongst the converging plates will move beneath the opposite, a process called subduction. ... The new magma (molten rock) rises and will erupt violently to make volcanoes, often building arcs of islands along the convergent boundary. When two plates are moving far from one another, we call this a divergent plate boundary. Along these boundaries, magma rises from deep within the world and erupts to make new crust on the lithosphere. Most divergent plate boundaries are underwater and form submarine mountain ranges called oceanic spreading ridges. While the method of forming these mountain ranges is volcanic, volcanoes and earthquakes along oceanic spreading ridges aren't as violent as they're at convergent plate boundaries.

Explanation:

During photosynthesis in plants, what is the source of the carbon in the glucose sugar molecule
(C6H12O6)?

Carbon dioxide in the air
Carbon monoxide in the air
Carbon particles in the soil
Carbon particles in water

Answers

Answer:

Carbon in the air

Explanation:

A brother and sister are fighting over a toy. The brother pulls the toy with a force of 6N
while the sister pulls back with a force of 8 N. What is the net force? Who gets the toy?

Answers

Answer:

the sister wins of course since she is pulling with a stronger force

Explanation:

net force

8n-6n=

2N

How are traits
removed from
the gene pool?

A. Organisms with less desirable traits do not reproduce

B. Organisms with less desirable traits reproduce the most

Answers


A. Organisms with less desirable traits do not reproduce
is the answer
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