The net force on a current loop whose face is perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field is zero, since contributions to the net force from opposite sides of the loop cancel. However, if the field varies in magnitude from one side of the loop to the other, then there can be a net force on the loop. Consider a square loop with sides whose length is a , located with one side at x=b in the xy plane (see the figure).(Figure 1) A magnetic field is directed along z , with a magnitude that varies with x according to B= B 0 (1− x /b )
If the current in the loop circulates counterclockwise (that is, the magnetic dipole moment of the loop is along the z axis), find an expression for the x , y , and z projections of the net force on the loop.
Express your answers in terms of the variables I , a , b , and B0

We cannot determine the value of interference with the given information.

The interference can be determined using the following formula:

interference = (observed double crossover rate - expected double crossover rate) ÷ (1 - expected double crossover rate).

The expected double crossover rate can be calculated using the formula:

expected double crossover rate = (distance AB × distance BC) ÷ total distance (AB + BC + AC).

Given:

Distance between A and B is 10mu;

Distance between B and C is 15mu;

Observed double crossover rate is 0.25%.

Therefore,

Distance AB = 10mu;

Distance BC = 15mu;

Total distance = AB + BC + AC

Expected double crossover rate = (10 × 15) ÷ (10 + 15 + AC)

expected double crossover rate = 150 ÷ (AC + 25)

The observed double crossover rate is 0.25%.

Therefore, the observed double crossover rate = 0.25% = 0.0025.

Interference = (observed double crossover rate - expected double crossover rate) ÷ (1 - expected double crossover rate)=

[0.0025 - (150 / (AC + 25))] ÷ [1 - (150 / (AC + 25))]

what is the interference if: distance between a and b is 10mu distance between b and c is 15mu observed double crossover rate is: 0.25%

To learn more about interference:https://brainly.com/question/16098226

#SPJ11

The final velocity of the plane after a missile of mass 1.20 102 kg is fired from the plane  is 0.255 m/s.

To find the final velocity of the plane when a missile of mass 1.20 x 10² kg is fired from a plane of mass 4.80 x 10³ kg initially moving at a speed of 3.25 x 10² m/s, and the speed of the missile relative to the plane is 1.06 x 10³ m/s, we can use the conservation of momentum.The initial momentum of the system is given by:

m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1 + m2)vf

where m1 = mass of missile, m2 = mass of the plane, v1 = velocity of the missile, v2 = velocity of the plane, and vf = final velocity of the system

Substituting the given values, we get:(1.20 x 10² kg) (1.06 x 10³ m/s) + (4.80 x 10³ kg) (3.25 x 10² m/s) = (1.20 x 10² kg + 4.80 x 10³ kg) vf

Simplifying, we get:1284 = (5.04 x 10³ kg) vf

Therefore, vf = 1284 / (5.04 x 10³ kg) = 0.255 m/s. So, the final velocity of the plane is 0.255 m/s.

More on velocity: https://brainly.com/question/20038545

#SPJ11

Answer: Noble Gases (Blue)

This equation can be used to determine the equivalent resistance of two parallel resistors: 1/Req = 1/R1 + 1/R2 Upon solving for Req, we obtain: Requirement = (R1-R2) / (R1+R2)

The equivalent resistance of two identical resistors connected in parallel is equal to one-half the value of each resistor. Both share an equal amount of the current.

Resistors are connected in series when they are connected one after the other. This is seen below. You add up the individual resistances to determine the total overall resistance of several resistors connected in this manner. The following equation is used to accomplish this: Rtotal = R1 + R2 + R3 and so forth.

To know more about resistance visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/13110234

#SPJ1

The current of the ideal current source in the given circuit is zero.

This is because the current source is not providing any current and the 5 ohm resistor is not providing any resistance. Thus, no current can flow through the circuit.

In this circuit, there is a current source with 6 volts and a 5 ohm resistor. The current source does not provide any current since it is ideal, meaning it does not create any voltage drops. Therefore, no current can flow through the circuit.

This is because there is no voltage difference between the two nodes (points) between which the current is supposed to flow.

The 5 ohm resistor also does not provide any resistance, meaning the same current would flow through the resistor as well. Thus, the current of the ideal current source in the given circuit is zero.

To know more about voltage drops click on below link:

https://brainly.com/question/28164474#

#SPJ11

In the context of the motor control process related to the speed-accuracy trade-off, the initiation phase of movement includes the beginning of limb movement in the direction of a target.

Motor control is the ability to regulate and coordinate motor skills to achieve a desired outcome. The central nervous system (CNS) is in charge of regulating these skills. The CNS is divided into two parts: the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system (CNS). Motor skills are regulated by both parts of the nervous system. The CNS, on the other hand, is more involved in higher-level motor control.

A motor control system can be divided into three stages: planning, initiation, and execution. When the central nervous system processes the desired movement, it activates the motor program in the initiation stage, which produces the motor command sent to the muscles. Movement is initiated by the initiation stage. Following that, the movement is executed to meet the task's requirements. The motor program adjusts movement by making corrections based on previous trials and feedback. Therefore, the initiation phase is critical in the context of the motor control process related to the speed-accuracy trade-off.

Learn more about Motor control here:

https://brainly.com/question/29769703
#SPJ11

One of the methods which will not reduce reactivity of observation is telling the person you are observing his/her behaviour. Correct option is B.

A practical, utilitarian approach, behavioral observation focuses on the plainly discernible ways in which the client engages with his or her surroundings. Behavioural observation can be used as a standalone technique or casually as a component of an interview, a test, or both.

Waiting until the subjects of the observation are used to the observer is one method to reduce reactivity. Another option is to have the observer document the actions without the subjects being aware of the observation.

The act of observation modifies in some manner the situation in which a participant is being observed. Within an experimental setting, reactivity is viewed as a threat to internal validity because the change in behaviour is not due to the experimental manipulation. Best choice is B.

To know more about observations:

https://brainly.com/question/30454101

#SPJ4

The volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region in the first quadrant bounded by the curves x = 0, y = 1, x = y^7 about the line y = 1 is 0.

To determine the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region in the first quadrant bounded by the curves x = 0, y = 1, x = y^7 about the line y = 1, we need to use a specific integral formula.

The volume of the solid is calculated by multiplying the area of the cross-section of the solid, which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation, with the distance traveled by the center of mass of the cross-section. And, when this product is summed up across the length of the solid, we get the volume of the solid.

To solve the given problem, the area of the cross-section of the solid is [tex]\pi (r)^2[/tex], where r is the distance from the line y = 1 to the curve [tex]x = y^7[/tex]. Since the cross-section is a circle, we know the area of the cross-section can be represented by the equation of a circle with radius r, which is [tex]\pi (r)^2[/tex].

To find the value of r, we will equate  [tex]x = y^7[/tex] to the line y = 1. By solving for y, we get: [tex]y = 1^{1/7} = 1[/tex].

Hence, r = 1 - 1 = 0.

We can now compute the volume of the solid using the integral formula:

[tex]V =\int_0^1 \pi (r)^2 dy\\V = \int_0^1 \pi (0)^2 dy\\V = \int_0^1 0 dy\\V = 0[/tex]

Learn more about volume of the solid here:

https://brainly.com/question/24259805

#SPJ11

When 872.0 kJ of thermal energy are injected, the temperature of the 25 kg of water in the car's cooling system changes by 35.0 degrees Celsius.

Water's specific heat capacity (J/(gK), or 4,180 J/ (kgK). Thus, we can use the following formula to get the temperature change:

Q = mcΔT

where Q is the extra thermal energy (872 000 J), m the water mass (25 kg), c the water's specific heat capacity (4,180 J/(kg*K)), and T the temperature change.

When we solve for T, we get:

The equation T = Q/(mc) Equals 872,000 J/(25 kg * 4,180 J/(kgK)) = 35.0 °C.

When 872.0 kJ of thermal energy are injected, the temperature of the 25 kg of water in the car's cooling system changes by 35.0 degrees Celsius.

learn more about energy here:

https://brainly.com/question/1932868

#SPJ4

Potential Energy of Object W, X, Y and Z are 0 J, 7.84 J, 15.7J and 23.5J, for better understand we have to know the meaning of potential energy.

Potential energy in physics is the energy that an item retains as a result of its location in relation to other objects, internal tensions, electric charge, or other elements. Potential energy develops in systems having components whose configurations, or relative positions, determine the amount of the forces they apply to one another.

Potential Energy of an Object = m * g * h

Where, m = mass,

g = gravity, and

h = height

Potential Energy of Object W = 2 * 9.8 * 0

= 0 J

Potential Energy of Object X = 2 * 9.8 * 0.4

= 7.84 J

Potential Energy of Object Y = 2 * 9.8 * 0.8

= 15.68 J

≈ 15.7 J

Potential Energy of Object Z = 2 * 9.8 * 1.2

= 23.5 J

Therefore, Potential Energy of Object W, X, Y and Z are 0 J, 7.84 J, 15.7 J and 23.5 J.

To Learn more about Potential Energy, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/1242059

#SPJ1

The statement the construction of psychological profiles is a process of mapping the characteristics of offenders of previously solved crimes and applying them to offenders of unsolved ones is TRUE.

Psychological profiling is a technique used by law enforcement agencies to identify the characteristics of an offender based on their behavior patterns, motives, and other psychological traits. It is a process of creating a psychological profile of an offender by analyzing the crime scene, victimology, and other evidence related to the crime.

This profile is then compared with the profiles of previously solved crimes to identify potential suspects or patterns that can be used to solve unsolved crimes. The process involves mapping the characteristics of offenders of previously solved crimes and applying them to offenders of unsolved ones.

The psychological profile is based on the assumption that an offender's behavior is consistent across different crimes and that it reflects their personality traits and motivations. This technique has been used successfully in many high-profile cases and has helped law enforcement agencies to identify and apprehend serial offenders.

To know more about psychological profiles, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/30398442#

#SPJ11

Galileo famously observed that objects of different masses fall to Earth at the same rate, regardless of their mass. This observation led him to conclude that gravity was a universal force of attraction between any two objects with mass.

Galileo Galilei was an Italian astronomer, physicist, and mathematician who contributed greatly to the development of modern science. His contributions to physics include the creation of the scientific method and his work on the principles of motion and gravity.

Galileo was one of the first scientists to study gravity. He observed that objects of different weights would fall at the same rate when dropped from the same height. This led him to conclude that gravity is a constant force that acts upon all objects equally, regardless of their weight or composition.

Galileo's work on gravity laid the foundation for the later development of Sir Isaac Newton's theory of gravity. Newton built on Galileo's findings and formulated the law of universal gravitation, which states that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force that is proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Learn more about Galileo at https://brainly.com/question/4966012

#SPJ11

Answer:

Explanation:

a) The mass of the cube can be calculated using the equation Mass = Volume x Density. The volume of the cube can be calculated as (5.00×10 cm)^3 = 125 cm³. Substituting this volume into the equation gives Mass = 125 cm³ x 7.86 g/cm³ = 983.5 g.

b) The number of iron atoms in the cube can be calculated using Avogadro's number (6.02 x 10^23 atoms/mol). The number of moles can be calculated using the molar mass of iron, 55.9 g/mol. Thus, the number of moles can be calculated as 983.5 g / 55.9 g/mol = 17.61 moles. Multiplying this by Avogadro's number gives the number of iron atoms in the cube as 1.07 x 10^24 atoms.

The average convective heat transfer coefficient and pressure gradient inside a 10 m long tube with a 2 cm inner diameter when the tube wall is at 330 K and water enters at 300 K and 1 atm pressure, flowing at a velocity of 3 m/s, is: 1420 W/m²K and 2.6 x 10⁴ Pa

This can be calculated using the equations of fluid mechanics. The average convective heat transfer coefficient, or h, is determined using the following equation:

[tex]h = (k/d) x (v/P).[/tex]

k is the thermal conductivity of the fluid (water), d is the tube inner diameter, v is the velocity of the fluid, and P is the pressure gradient across the tube wall.

The pressure gradient is found using the equation: [tex]P = (v²/2g) + P₀[/tex],

where v is the fluid velocity, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and P₀ is the pressure at the inlet of the tube (1 atm in this case). Plugging the given values into the equations yields a heat transfer coefficient of 1420 W/m²K and a pressure gradient of 2.6 x 10⁴ Pa.

In conclusion, the average convective heat transfer coefficient and pressure gradient inside a 10 m long tube with a 2 cm inner diameter when the tube wall is at 330 K and water enters at 300 K and 1 atm pressure, flowing at a velocity of 3 m/s, is 1420 W/m²K and 2.6 x 10⁴ Pa, respectively.

To know more about heat transfer refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/30416117#

#SPJ11

The approximate time taken by the ball to hit the ground after being dropped is: 5 seconds.

The velocity at which the ball hits the ground is approximately 49.05 m/s, and it moves in the downward direction (negative velocity).

A ball is dropped from rest from a tower and strikes the ground 122.5 m below.

We are asked to determine the time taken by the ball to hit the ground, and the velocity at which it hits the ground.

The formula to calculate the time taken by an object to fall from rest from a height h is given by: t = sqrt (2h/g)

Here, h = 122.5m; g = 9.81m/s² (acceleration due to gravity)

Using the given formula, t = sqrt (2h/g) = sqrt (2 × 122.5 / 9.81)≈ 5 seconds

We know that, `v = g.t`

Since the ball was dropped from rest, its initial velocity is 0.

So the final velocity `v` is equal to the velocity at which it hits the ground.

Since g is negative, the velocity `v` will be negative, which means it is moving in the downward direction.

Using `g = 9.81 m/s²`,`t = 5 seconds`, we have = g.t = 9.81 × 5 = 49.05 m/s

To know more about "air resistance" refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/4428352#

#SPJ11

The fluid movement in a lava lamp is caused by the heat generated from the lamp's light bulb, which causes the wax or oil to rise and fall.

A lava lamp contains two fluids of different densities that do not mix. The fluids heat up as a result of the lamp's light bulb, causing them to expand and become less dense. The wax or oil floats up when it becomes less dense than the fluid that surrounds it, creating a globe at the top of the lamp.

The fluid is then cooled by the environment and becomes more dense, causing the wax to sink back to the bottom. This constant motion cycle creates the flowing effect seen in a lava lamp.

The heat from the light bulb causes the fluid to expand, and as it does, it becomes less dense than the surrounding fluid, causing it to float. When the fluid cools, it becomes denser and settles back down to the bottom. This cyclic motion creates the soothing flow of a lava lamp.

For more such questions on lava lamp, click on:

https://brainly.com/question/30542979

#SPJ11

The range of frequencies on the electromagnetic spectrum is known as the electromagnetic spectrum.

The spectrum ranges from radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet rays, x-rays, and gamma rays. Each type of wave has a specific frequency range, ranging from hertz (Hz) to exahertz (EHz). The lowest frequency waves, such as radio waves, range from 3 kHz to 300 GHz, while the highest frequency waves, such as gamma rays, range from 300 GHz to 3 EHz.
The electromagnetic spectrum is divided into several sections, including radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, x-rays, and gamma rays. Each type of wave has its own properties and uses in different applications. Radio waves are used for communication, microwaves are used in satellite communication and imaging, infrared radiation is used in medical imaging, visible light is used to see our environment, ultraviolet radiation is used in sun protection and sterilization, x-rays are used in medical imaging and treatment, and gamma rays are used in medical treatment and research.

for such more question on electromagnetic spectrum

https://brainly.com/question/13803241

#SPJ11

Using conservation of momentum the player's speed afterward if the ball is thrown at 17.5 ms relative to the player is 3.02 m/s.

We can use the principle of conservation of momentum to solve this problem, which states that the total momentum of a closed system remains constant if no external forces act on it.

Initially, the momentum of the system is the sum of the momentum of the football player and the football, given by:

p_initial = m_player × v_player + m_football × v_football

where:

m_player = 71 kg is the mass of the football player

v_player = 2 m/s is the initial velocity of the football player

m_football = 0.430 kg is the mass of the football

v_football = 17.5 m/s is the velocity of the football relative to the football player

Plugging in the values, we get:

p_initial = (71 kg)(2 m/s) + (0.430 kg)(17.5 m/s) = 15.325 kg m/s

After the football is thrown, the football player will move in the opposite direction with a new velocity v_player'. The momentum of the system after the throw is:

p_final = m_player × v_player' + m_football × v_football'

where v_football' = 0 m/s since the football has left the system.

Since the total momentum of the system is conserved, we have:

p_initial = p_final

which gives us:

m_player × v_player + m_football × v_football = m_player × v_player'

Solving for v_player', we get:

v_player' = (m_player × v_player + m_football × v_football) / m_player

Plugging in the values, we get:

v_player' = (71 kg × 2 m/s + 0.430 kg × 17.5 m/s) / 71 kg = 3.02 m/s

Therefore, the football player's speed after throwing the football is 3.02 m/s.

Learn more about the momentum at

https://brainly.com/question/30677308

#SPJ4

The question is -

A 71 kg football player is gliding across very smooth ice at 2 ms. He throws a 0.430 kg football straight forward. What is the player's speed afterward if the ball is thrown at 17.5 ms relative to the player?

a)  The net Work done is zero. b) The work done on the block by the applied force F as the block moves a distance L is -41.2 J. c) The work done on the block by the applied force F as the block moves a distance L is 41.2 J.

Given:

Weight of the block (w) = 25.0 N

Distance moved by the block (d) = 3.40 m

The angle of the inclined plane (θ) = 29.0°

a) we know that from the work-energy theorem,

W = change in kinetic energy

But since speed is constant which means no change in KE, hence the net Work done is zero.

b) W = -mgy

W = -25 × (3.10 × sin29°)

W = -41.2 J

Therefore, the work done on the block by the force of gravity is -41.2 J.

c) The work done on the block by the applied force F as the block moves a distance L = 3.10m up the incline is,

W = Fd

W = 12.1 × 3.1

W = 41.2 J

Therefore, the work done on the block by the applied force F as the block moves a distance L is 41.2 J.

To know more about the work done:

https://brainly.com/question/26622905

#SPJ12

Answer:

D = 3.5 m      to mirror

d = 1.50 m     from mirror to sister

Total distance from camera to sister = d + D = 5.0 m

Exactly at noon, as determined by the WWV time signal, on successive days of a week the clocks according to their relative value as good timekeepers, best to worst.

Time signals are also used in many everyday applications, such as GPS navigation, where precise timing is essential for calculating positions accurately.  A time signal refers to any signal that provides information about the passage of time. Time signals are often used in experiments to measure the duration of events or to synchronize the timing of multiple processes.

One common type of time signal is a periodic signal, which repeats itself at regular intervals. This can be used to measure the period or frequency of a phenomenon, such as the oscillation of a pendulum or the vibration of a guitar string. Another type of time signal is a pulse signal, which provides a brief burst of energy at a specific time. This can be used to trigger the start or stop of a process or to measure the time delay between different events.

To learn more about Time signal visit here:

brainly.com/question/28875779

#SPJ4

Coordinate , A - the height of the stone when it hits the water. A slingshot sends a stone vertically upward from a height of 20 feet above a pool of water.

The coordinate A represents the height of the stone when it hits the water. When the stone hits the water, its height above the water surface is zero.

So, we can set the expression for the stone's height equal to zero and solve for t to find the time when the stone hits the water. The height of the stone when it is launched is given as 20 feet, which is a fixed value in this problem.

The time when the stone is launched is also a fixed value, which is zero. The maximum height of the stone is the highest point the stone reaches above its initial height of 20 feet. The time when the stone reaches its maximum height is the time at which the vertical velocity of the stone becomes zero.

To know more about vertical velocity , visit :

https://brainly.com/question/11679227

#SPJ1

We must figure out the total voltage and current required to generate 60 watts of electricity in order to calculate the number of dry cells necessary to light the bulb.

Voltage (V) x Current Equals Power (P) (I)

We are provided 220 volts of voltage and 60 watts of power (P). Hence, the current (I) may be determined as follows:

I equals P / V at 60 W and 220 V, or 0.273 A.

We must sum the EMFs of the cells in series in order to determine the overall voltage needed to power the light using dry cells:

n times EMF = V total

the number of cells is n.

Since the EMF of each cell is 1.5 volts, the total voltage needed may be written as follows:

1.5 n V total

learn more about electricity here:

https://brainly.com/question/8971780

#SPJ4

Hominin remains have been found at sites throughout Africa, Europe, and Asia. Below are five of these fossil sites and their main finds. The correct order of the given hominin fossil sites from oldest to youngest is Omo kibish, Klasies river, Herto, and Tianyuan cave.

Omo kibish is incomplete fossil skull (oldest)The oldest fossil site on the list is Omo kibish in Ethiopia, which is dated to around 195,000 years ago. The site has a partial skull, lower jawbone, and a few other fragments of the skull. Klasies river is fragmentary hominin remains Klasies river Mouth in South Africa is dated back to around 120,000 years ago. The site contains human fossils along with the remains of other animals.

Herto is a skull intermediate between H. heidelbergensis and modern H. sapiens, Herto Bouri in Ethiopia, dated to around 160,000 years ago. The site contains 3 complete hominid skulls which were much more modern than expected for their age. The skulls were similar to Homo sapiens, but with some differences. Tianyuan cave is modern human maniple and femur (youngest). Tianyuan cave in China, dated to around 40,000 years ago, contains one of the earliest modern human fossils. A complete set of human teeth and bones from a foot, leg, and hand were found at this site.

Learn more about hominin at:

https://brainly.com/question/30791663

#SPJ11

Answer:

Light energy

Explanation:

When an electron releases or absorbs energy, it goes into an "exited state" which means it goes into a lower or higher energy level respectively. This will radiate light energy.

The fluid force on one side of the 5ft by 5ft plate lying flat on its 5ft by 5ft face, we can use the equation F = ρghA and the F = 1,945,000 N.

Since the plate is at the bottom of the pool and the pool is filled with water to a depth of 8ft, h = 8ft and the area of the plate A = 5ft × 5ft = 25ft².

There F is the fluid force, ρ is the density of the fluid, g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the depth of the fluid, and A is the area of the plate.

Therefore, the fluid force on one side of the plate is:

F = ρghA = 1000kg/m³ × 9.81m/s² × 8ft × 25ft² = 1,945,000 N.

To calculate the fluid force on one side of the plate resting vertically on a 5 ft edge, we can use the same equation as above but with an area equal to the length of the plate multiplied by the depth of the pool (8ft):

F = ρghA = 1000kg/m³ × 9.81m/s² × 8ft × 5ft = 392,000 N.

To calculate the fluid force on one side of the plate resting on a 5ft edge and tilted at 45 degrees to the bottom of the pool, we can use the same equation as above but with an area equal to the length of the plate multiplied by the depth of the pool multiplied by the cosine of the angle of the plate:

F = ρghA = 1000kg/m³ × 9.81m/s² × 8ft × 5ft × cos(45) = 283,200 N.

Read more about the force here:

https://brainly.com/question/12785175

#SPJ11

In this case, the roller coaster starts with kinetic energy because it has an initial speed of 5 m/s.

Since the roller coaster's total energy is conserved throughout the ride, its final speed when it reaches the bottom will be the same as its initial speed of 5 m/s.

As it goes uphill, the kinetic energy is gradually converted into potential energy, so its speed decreases until it reaches the top, where it has only potential energy. When it stops, all the kinetic energy has been converted to potential energy. As the roller coaster rolls back down, the potential energy is converted back to kinetic energy, and its speed increases until it reaches the bottom, where all the potential energy has been converted back to kinetic energy.

This is because the roller coaster's potential energy at the top is equal to the sum of its initial kinetic energy and the work done by gravity as it went uphill. The roller coaster then converts all of its potential energy back into kinetic energy as it rolls back down the hill.

For more similar questions on conservation of energy and physics:

brainly.com/question/381281

#SPJ11

The factor that does not determine how much gravitational potential energy is in an object-earth system is the object's mass.

An object-earth system is a system in which an object interacts with the earth by exerting a force of attraction. The object's energy is derived from the work done by gravitational forces when the object is moved away from the earth's surface.

An object in an object-earth system's gravitational potential energy is the work done by gravitational forces on the object when it is moved from a lower position to a higher one in the object-earth system. The factor that does not determine how much gravitational potential energy is in an object-earth system is the object's mass. The gravitational potential energy of an object in the earth-object system is determined by the distance between the object and the earth's surface. The gravitational potential energy of an object increases as the distance between it and the earth's surface increases.

Learn more about the gravitational potential at brainly.com/question/19768887

#SPJ11

All but  option A: the plant is exposed to light condition must be present for the Calvin cycle reactions to occur.

The Calvin cycle is the biochemical process that takes place in the chloroplasts of plants, in which carbon dioxide is fixed into glucose molecules. This process involves several enzymes and molecules, but the energy needed to power the process comes from ATP and NADPH, which are produced during the light-dependent reactions that take place in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts.

Therefore, light is required for the Calvin cycle to occur since it is the source of the energy that drives the reaction. However, all parts of the plant do not need to be exposed to light for the Calvin cycle to occur. Only the chloroplasts, which are found in the mesophyll cells of the plant, need to be exposed to light for photosynthesis to occur.

Learn more about Calvin cycle from

https://brainly.com/question/920840

#SPJ1

See full question below

all but which condition must be present for the calvin cycle reactions to occur?

The plant is exposed to light

water is not involved in any of the reactions

light energy is converted into chemical energy

provide the electrons needed to reduce NADP