The objectives of airline pricing policy are to maximize revenue and maximize the aircraft load factor. These objectives help airlines achieve profitability and operational efficiency.
The primary objective of airline pricing policy is to maximize revenue. Airlines aim to generate the highest possible revenue from their ticket sales by implementing pricing strategies that take into account various factors such as demand, competition, and market conditions. Pricing decisions involve setting ticket prices at levels that can attract customers while also maximizing the revenue per seat.
Another important objective is to maximize the aircraft load factor. The load factor represents the percentage of seats occupied on a flight. Airlines strive to achieve high load factors to optimize the utilization of their aircraft and generate more revenue per flight. By filling a larger proportion of seats, airlines can spread their fixed costs over more passengers, resulting in improved profitability.
While serving as many markets and passengers as possible is a goal for airlines, it is not the primary objective of pricing policy. The focus is on maximizing revenue and load factor, as these factors directly impact an airline's financial performance and sustainability. Hence, the objectives of airline pricing policy are primarily centered around maximizing revenue and optimizing the aircraft load factor to ensure profitability and operational efficiency.
Learn more about airline pricing policy here:
https://brainly.com/question/32224400
#SPJ11
Nash Manufacturing operates a small factory building. Recently, the company paid some amounts related to its property, plant, and equipment.
Nash paid $49,200 to replace part of the factory floor. The floor had been capitalized as part of the factory building when it was purchased ten years previously and was not considered a separate component. When purchased, the building had been assumed to have a 30-year useful life and was being depreciated on a straight-line basis. At the time of the floor replacement, the building had been depreciated for 10 years. Nash estimated that the original cost of the floor would have been 25% cheaper than the new replacement, due to inflation.
Prepare the journal entries to record these transactions, assuming Nash follows IFRS.
Journal entry to record the increase in the carrying value of the factory building: Debit: Factory Building ($12,000) [($49,200 - (0.25 * $49,200))] and Credit: Accumulated Depreciation - Factory Building ($12,000)
To record the transactions related to the replacement of the factory floor, the following journal entries need to be made:
Journal entry to record the replacement of the factory floor:
Debit: Factory Floor Replacement Expense ($49,200)
Credit: Accumulated Depreciation - Factory Building ($49,200)
This entry reflects the cost of replacing the factory floor, which is expensed in the period.
Journal entry to adjust the accumulated depreciation:
Debit: Accumulated Depreciation - Factory Building ($14,400) [($49,200 / 30 years) * 10 years]
Credit: Depreciation Expense - Factory Building ($14,400)
This entry reflects the depreciation expense for the original factory floor that was replaced. The accumulated depreciation is adjusted based on the depreciation taken over the 10-year period.
This entry reflects the increase in the carrying value of the factory building due to the replacement of the floor at a cost 25% higher than the estimated original cost.
Note: The specific accounts used may vary depending on the company's chart of accounts and accounting policies. Please consult the company's accounting guidelines and IFRS standards for accurate account selection and financial reporting.
To know more about journal entries refer to-
https://brainly.com/question/20421012
#SPJ11
A summary of benefits and drawbacks of companies decreasing
capital investment and increasing debt to increase shock
buybacks.
When a company wants to increase stock buybacks, they may choose to decrease capital investments and increase debt instead. However, this decision can have both benefits and drawbacks.
Benefits:
1. Boost in share price: Reducing the total number of shares outstanding increases the value of each share, resulting in a higher demand for shares and a higher price.
2. Increased earnings per share: Fewer shares outstanding means that the company's profits are divided into fewer shares, resulting in a larger portion of profits per share.
3. Flexibility: Debt financing has a lower cost of capital, which can reduce expenses and provide more financial flexibility.
4. Tax advantages: Interest on debt is tax-deductible, making it an attractive option for businesses. This can result in lower financing costs and higher earnings.
Drawbacks:
1. Risk: Borrowing money increases the risk of defaulting on obligations.
2. Increased financial leverage: Borrowing money to buy back shares can increase a company's debt-to-equity ratio, indicating a greater reliance on debt financing, which can be viewed unfavorably by investors.
3. Higher interest payments: Interest rates can affect the amount of interest a company pays on its debt. If interest rates increase, the company's interest expense may reduce earnings.
4. Reduced cash reserves: Spending money on a buyback program can reduce a company's cash reserves, making it more vulnerable to unforeseen financial difficulties.
Know more about stock buybacks here:
https://brainly.com/question/28435543
#SPJ11
A loan is amortized by level payments every February 1. plus a smaller final payment The borrower notices that the interest paid in the February I. 2004 payment was 103.00, and the interest in the February 1, 2005 payment win be 98.00. The rate of interest on the loan is i =.08. Find the principal repaid in the 2005 payment. Find the date and amount of the smaller final payment made one year after the last regular payment.
The date of the smaller final payment is February 1, 2006, and the amount of the final payment is $98.00.
to find the principal repaid in the february 1, 2005 payment, we need to subtract the interest paid from the total payment. let's denote the regular payment amount as p.
from the information given, we know that the interest paid in the february 1, 2004 payment was $103.00. this means that the interest for one year is $103.00.
using the formula for calculating interest, we can find the regular payment amount p:
interest = principal * rate
$103.00 = principal * 0.08
principal = $103.00 / 0.08
principal = $1,287.50
so, the regular payment amount (p) is $1,287.50.
now, let's find the principal repaid in the february 1, 2005 payment. we know that the interest for that payment is $98.00.
principal repaid = total payment - interest
principal repaid = p - $98.00
principal repaid = $1,287.50 - $98.00
principal repaid = $1,189.50 50.
to find the date and amount of the smaller final payment made one year after the last regular payment, we need to consider the loan's amortization schedule. since the loan is amortized by level payments, the last regular payment will be made on february 1, 2005.
one year after the last regular payment would be february 1, 2006. at this point, there will be a smaller final payment remaining. the amount of this final payment can be calculated by subtracting the principal repaid in the last regular payment from the remaining balance.
let's denote the remaining balance after the last regular payment as b. the final payment amount can be denoted as f.
remaining balance (b) = principal - principal repaid in last regular payment
remaining balance (b) = $1,287.50 - $1,189.50
remaining balance (b) = $98.00
so, the remaining balance after the last regular payment is $98.00.
Learn more about interest here:
https://brainly.com/question/30393144
#SPJ11
Please write 3 paragraphs about what happened in 1979 while Americans stewed in gas lines and congress was arguing about what to do with 150 million acres of Alaskan land. Which one did they choose between wilderness or minerals development?
In 1979, amidst gas lines and congressional debates, the decision was made to allocate a significant portion of the 150 million acres of Alaskan land for wilderness protection rather than minerals development.
In 1979, the United States faced an energy crisis, with Americans experiencing long gas lines due to shortages and rising fuel prices.
Meanwhile, Congress was engaged in discussions regarding the allocation of 150 million acres of Alaskan land. The ultimate decision was to prioritize wilderness protection over minerals development.
This decision reflected a recognition of the environmental value and conservation importance of the Alaskan land.
Preserving large areas of wilderness was seen as crucial for safeguarding ecosystems, wildlife habitats, and natural resources. It also aligned with growing concerns about environmental protection and the need to balance resource extraction with conservation efforts.
By designating the land for wilderness protection, Congress aimed to preserve its pristine nature and maintain its ecological integrity for future generations.
This decision limited the potential for extensive mineral development and emphasized the long-term benefits of conserving the natural environment.
Learn more about gas lines here:
https://brainly.com/question/27894913
#SPJ11
JJ Ltd acquired a new plant at a cost of R2 350 000 on 1 January 2020. The plant had an estimated residual value of R67 000. The Directors of the company were convinced that the plant’s expected production life were 4 500 000 units. The plant produced 830 units and 780 units during the first and second year of use ended the 31 December 2020 and 31 December 2021 respectively.
Calculate the carrying amount of the plant at the end of 31 December 2021:
Select one:
a. R2 409 193
b. R2 836 193
c. R1 533 193
d. R1 455 193
The carrying amount of the plant at the end of 31 December 2021 is option c. R1 533 193.
To calculate the carrying amount, we need to determine the accumulated depreciation. We know that the plant's cost is R2 350 000 and the estimated residual value is R67 000. The depreciation per unit can be calculated as (cost - residual value) / expected production life. In this case, it is (R2 350 000 - R67 000) / 4 500 000 = R0.517 per unit.
For the first year, the depreciation expense is 830 units x R0.517 = R428.41. The carrying amount at the end of the first year is R2 350 000 - R428.41 = R1 921 571.59.
For the second year, the depreciation expense is 780 units x R0.517 = R403.86. The carrying amount at the end of the second year is R1 921 571.59 - R403.86 = R1 517 084.73.
Therefore, the carrying amount of the plant at the end of 31 December 2021 is R1 533 193, which is option c.
Learn more about carrying amount here: brainly.com/question/29855943
#SPJ11
Scenario - You have been chosen by your director to lead a project of Marketing Research for your College in order to provide extra information to help the board of directors make a more informed decision. The board of directors at your college is reviewing a proposal to offer College Diplomas delivered completely online. The logic behind this proposal is that current students will find this idea attractive as they favor convenience of working online over the experience quality which is higher in classroom lectures and exams. You are required to conduct a research of your choice to help validating or disprove the claims of the proposed idea. Please answer the following Questions: 1. What is the n this Scenario? 2. What is the Marketing Research Objective in this Scenario? 3. What is the nature of the research that can help achieving the Marketing Research Objective in this Scenario? (1 Marks)
1. The n in this scenario is the sample size of the research that will be conducted.
2. The marketing research objective in this scenario is to validate or disprove the claims of the proposed idea of offering college diplomas delivered completely online.
3. The nature of the research that can help achieve the marketing research objective in this scenario is exploratory research.
1. The sample size is an essential factor in any research as it provides the number of individuals who will participate in the study. The n in this scenario is the sample size of the research that will be conducted.
2. The marketing research objective in this scenario is to validate or disprove the claims of the proposed idea of offering college diplomas delivered completely online. The objective of marketing research is to gather information and insights that can help improve the decision-making process of an organization. In this scenario, the board of directors wants to know if the proposed idea of offering online college diplomas is feasible or not.
3. The nature of the research that can help achieve the marketing research objective in this scenario is exploratory research. Exploratory research is conducted to gather initial information that can help define the problem and create hypotheses. Since the proposal of offering online college diplomas is a new idea, exploratory research can help collect data from various sources, such as focus groups, interviews, surveys, and secondary data, to evaluate its feasibility.
To know more about marketing research
https://brainly.com/question/30651551
#SPJ11
Is free agency without a salary cap good or bad for competitive balance?
Free agency without a salary cap can have both positive and negative effects on competitive balance in sports.
Free agency refers to the ability of players to negotiate and sign contracts with any team in a league, without restrictions. Without a salary cap, teams are free to spend as much as they want on player salaries.
On one hand, this can lead to increased competitive balance as teams with more financial resources can attract top talent and create a more competitive environment. It allows smaller-market teams to compete with larger-market teams by using their financial resources to acquire talented players. This can promote parity and create a more level playing field.
On the other hand, free agency without a salary cap can lead to increased disparity between wealthy and less wealthy teams. Wealthier teams may have the ability to outbid smaller-market teams for top players, leading to concentration of talent in a few teams and reducing competitive balance. This can create an uneven playing field and potentially harm the overall competitiveness of the league.
In conclusion, the impact of free agency without a salary cap on competitive balance is complex and can have both positive and negative effects. It depends on how teams manage their resources and the overall structure of the league. Implementing mechanisms to promote fairness and competition, such as revenue sharing or luxury taxes, may be necessary to maintain competitive balance in such a system.
Learn more about competitive balance here:
https://brainly.com/question/32629595
#SPJ11
Name three common methods of valuation and explain each one of
them?
Three common methods of valuation are market approach, income approach, and asset-based approach. Each method provides a different perspective on determining the value of a business or asset.
1. Market Approach: The market approach to valuation relies on comparing the subject asset or business to similar assets or businesses that have been recently sold. This method assumes that the market value of an asset or business can be determined by analyzing the prices paid for similar assets in the marketplace. Comparable sales data, such as prices of similar companies in the same industry, is used to estimate the value. This method is particularly useful when there is a robust market with ample transaction data.
2. Income Approach: The income approach focuses on the present value of expected future income generated by the asset or business. This method involves estimating the future cash flows the asset is expected to generate and discounting them to their present value using an appropriate discount rate. The income approach assumes that the value of an asset or business is based on its ability to generate income over time. It is commonly used in valuing income-generating assets like real estate properties or businesses.
3. Asset-based Approach: The asset-based approach values an asset or business based on its net asset value, which is calculated by subtracting liabilities from the fair market value of its assets. This method is suitable when the value of the assets is a significant determinant of the overall value. It is often used for companies with substantial tangible assets, such as manufacturing businesses. However, it may not capture the full value of intangible assets like intellectual property or brand recognition.
In practice, valuation often involves using a combination of these methods to arrive at a comprehensive and well-supported estimate of value. Factors such as the nature of the asset or business, the industry, and the purpose of the valuation play a crucial role in selecting the most appropriate method or combination of methods.
Learn more about market here:
https://brainly.com/question/25492268
#SPJ11
Pit Corporation owns 85% of Stop Company’s outstanding common stock. On 08/28/21, Pit sold inventory to Stop in exchange for $670,000 cash. Pit had purchased the inventory on 05/02/21 at a cost of $402,000. On 12/21/21, Stop sold 75% of the inventory to 3rd parties at a cash price of $837,500. The other 25% of the inventory remains on hand at 12/31/21.
Required:
Prepare the journal entries that would be recorded on Pit’s and Stop’s books during 2021.
The Pit's journal entry is [Debit: Accounts Receivable - Stop Company ($670,000), Credit: Sales Revenue ($670,000)] and Stop's journal entry is[Debit: Inventory ($402,000), Credit: Accounts Payable - PitCorporation ($402,000)].
When Pit Corporation sold inventory to Stop Company in exchange for $670,000 cash, Pit would record the transaction as a credit to Sales Revenue, representing the revenue generated from the sale. The corresponding debit would be made to Accounts Receivable - Stop Company, as this is an asset account representing the amount owed to Pit by Stop.
On the other hand, Stop Company would record the transaction as a debit to Inventory, reflecting the cost of the inventory acquired from Pit. The credit would be made to Accounts Payable - Pit Corporation, indicating the amount owed by Stop to Pit for the inventory purchased.
These journal entries capture the financial impact of the inventory sale transaction between Pit and Stop, allowing for accurate tracking of revenue and inventory values on their respective books.
Learn more about Journal entry
brainly.com/question/20421012
#SPJ11
Project S requires an initial outlay at t = 0 of $13,000, and its expected cash flows would be $5,000 per year for 5 years. Mutually exclusive Project L requires an initial outlay at t = 0 of $49,000, and its expected cash flows would be $11,450 per year for 5 years. If both projects have a WACC of 15%, which project would you recommend?
Select the correct answer.
a. Both Projects S and L, since both projects have NPV's > 0. b. Both Projects S and L, since both projects have IRR's > 0. c. Project L, since the NPVL > NPVS. d. Neither Project S nor L, since each project's NPV < 0.
c: Project L should be recommended over Project S since the NPV of Project L is greater than the NPV of Project S.
To determine which project to recommend, we need to compare the net present value (NPV) of both projects. NPV measures the profitability of an investment by calculating the present value of expected cash flows minus the initial outlay.
Let's calculate the NPV for both projects using a discount rate equal to the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) of 15%:
For Project S:
Initial outlay (t=0) = $13,000
Expected cash flows per year = $5,000
Number of years = 5
Using the formula for NPV:
NPV = -Initial outlay + (Expected cash flows / (1 + WACC)^t)
NPVS = -$13,000 + ($5,000 / (1 + 0.15)^1) + ($5,000 / (1 + 0.15)^2) + ($5,000 / (1 + 0.15)^3) + ($5,000 / (1 + 0.15)^4) + ($5,000 / (1 + 0.15)^5)
Calculating the above equation, we find NPVS ≈ $9,287.
For Project L:
Initial outlay (t=0) = $49,000
Expected cash flows per year = $11,450
Number of years = 5
NPVL = -$49,000 + ($11,450 / (1 + 0.15)^1) + ($11,450 / (1 + 0.15)^2) + ($11,450 / (1 + 0.15)^3) + ($11,450 / (1 + 0.15)^4) + ($11,450 / (1 + 0.15)^5)
Calculating the above equation, we find NPVL ≈ $17,790.
Comparing the NPVs, we can see that NPVL > NPVS. Therefore, the correct answer is option c: Project L should be recommended over Project S since the NPV of Project L is greater than the NPV of Project S.
It's worth noting that we did not consider the internal rate of return (IRR) in this analysis. However, since the projects have the same cash flows and the same duration, the project with the higher NPV will also have the higher IRR. Therefore, Project L would likely have a higher IRR as well.
Learn more about Project L
brainly.com/question/33025720
#SPJ11
the final decision to hire an applicant usually belongs to:
The final decision to hire an applicant usually belongs to the employer or hiring manager.
In the hiring process, the final decision to hire an applicant rests primarily with the employer or hiring manager. They are responsible for evaluating the candidates, reviewing their qualifications and suitability for the position, and making the ultimate hiring decision. The employer or hiring manager considers various factors such as the applicant's skills, experience, qualifications, cultural fit, and overall potential to contribute to the organization. They may also consult with other stakeholders, such as HR professionals or team members, to gather input and insights. Ultimately, the final decision lies with the employer or hiring manager, who has the authority and responsibility to determine which candidate is the best fit for the job. This decision-making process aims to select the most qualified and suitable candidate who aligns with the organization's goals, values, and requirements.
learn more about hiring manager here:
https://brainly.com/question/32798753
#SPJ11
At S.H.I.E.L.D, Inc., upper management claims that they value and regularly solicit their employees' ideas and suggestions. But during company exit interviews, employees frequently cite their direct supervisors' lack of openness to their ideas and suggestions and overall discouragement of challenging the status quo as reasons for why they are leaving the company. This suggests that there is a disconnect between the company's values, respectively. Enacted; Estranged Espoused; Enacted Enacted; Espoused Effaced; Enacted Euclid; Enumerated
The company may need to re-evaluate how they communicate and reinforce their stated values throughout the organization, including providing training for supervisors on how to effectively encourage and incorporate employee input.
Based on the scenario you described, it seems that the company's values (espoused) are not being fully enacted in practice. While upper management claims to value their employees' ideas and suggestions, this is not being reflected in the actions of direct supervisors who discourage challenging the status quo. This creates a disconnect between what the company says they value and what is actually happening in the workplace.
In other words, the company's stated values are estranged from the actual values being enacted by supervisors within the company. This can lead to disengagement and dissatisfaction among employees, as evidenced by the high number of exit interviews citing these issues.
To address this, the company may need to re-evaluate how they communicate and reinforce their stated values throughout the organization, including providing training for supervisors on how to effectively encourage and incorporate employee input.
Learn more about employee from
https://brainly.com/question/27404382
#SPJ11
Stevenson's Bakery is an allequity firm that has projected perpetual EBIT of $186.000 per year. The cost of equity is 13.3 percent and the tax rate is 21 percent. The firm can borrow perpetual debt at 6.2 percent. Currently, the firm is considering converting to a debt-equity ratio of 96 . What is the firm's levered value? Mustiple Chalce 5830707 5923,008 51,218.450 3999802
The levered value of the firm is $1,398,576.88. (option c).
Perpetual EBIT = $186,000 per year.
Cost of equity = 13.3%.
Tax rate = 21%.
Perpetual debt = 6.2%.
Debt-equity ratio = 96.
Now, we need to find the levered value of the firm.
Levered value of the firm is given by:
Levered value = Unlevered value + (Debt × Tax rate)
We know that,
Unlevered value = Perpetual EBIT / Cost of capital
Here, we need to calculate the unlevered value:
Unlevered value = $186,000 / 0.133
Unlevered value = $1,398,496.24
Now, we will calculate the debt and equity value by using debt-equity ratio. For every 96 debt, there will be 4 equity. So,
Debt-equity ratio = Debt / Equity
96 = Debt / 4
Debt = 96 × 4 = $384
Now,Equity = Total value – Debt
Total value = Equity / (1 - (Tax rate))= 4
Equity / (1 - 0.21)= 4
Equity / 0.79
Equity = $1,844.80
Now, we have,
Debt = $384
Equity = $1,844.80
Now, we can calculate the levered value:
Levered value = Unlevered value + (Debt × Tax rate)= $1,398,496.24 + ($384 × 0.21)= $1,398,496.24 + $80.64= $1,398,576.88
Hence, the levered value of the firm is $1,398,576.88. Therefore, option (c) 51,218.450 is the correct answer.
To know more about levered value:
https://brainly.com/question/27994491
#SPJ11
As a potential shareholder, how would the resolution of
Halliburton FCPA (2009) matter impact your perception of the
company?
The resolution of the Halliburton FCPA (2009) case would have a significant impact on the perception of the company by potential shareholders.
Firstly, if the resolution of the case results in a favorable outcome for Halliburton, such as a settlement or exoneration, it may alleviate concerns about the company's ethical practices and compliance with anti-corruption laws. This could lead to increased trust and confidence in the company's management and operations, making it more attractive for potential shareholders.
On the other hand, if the resolution of the case reflects negatively on Halliburton, such as a substantial fine or admission of wrongdoing, it could raise red flags for potential shareholders. It may suggest that the company has engaged in unethical or illegal activities, which could harm its reputation and potentially lead to financial and legal repercussions in the future. This could deter potential investors from associating themselves with the company and investing their capital.
Overall, the resolution of the Halliburton FCPA (2009) case would shape the perception of the company's integrity, compliance, and governance practices, influencing potential shareholders' decisions on whether to invest in the company or seek opportunities elsewhere.
Learn more about Halliburton here:
https://brainly.com/question/30562895
#SPJ11
points eBook Print References Required information [The following information applies to the questions displayed below] Diego Company manufactures one product that is sold for $76 per unit in two geographic regions-the East and West regions. The following information pertains to the company's first year of operations in which it produced 47,000 units and sold 42,000 units. Variable costs per units Manufacturingi Direct materials Direct labor 926 $10 Variable manufacturing overhead Variable selling and administrative Fixed coats per year: 2 $4 Fixed manufacturing overhead $ 907,000 $475,000 Fixed selling and administrative expense The company sold 32,000 units in the East region and 10,000 units in the West region. It determined that $210,000 of its fixed selling and administrative expense is traceable to the West region, $160,000 is traceable to the East region, and the remaining $105,000 is a common fixed expense. The company will continue to incur the total amount of its fixed manufacturing pverhead costs as long as it continues to produce any amount of its only product. 6. What is the company's net operating income (loss) under absorption costing? Check my work Part 7 of 11 0.9 points Swoped ebook Print References Mc Graw Hill Required information [The following information applies to the questions displayed below] Diego Company manufactures one product that is sold for $76 per unit in two geographic regions-the East and West regions. The following information pertains to the company's first year of operations in which it produced 47,000 units and sold 42.000 units. Variable costs per unit: Manufacturing: materials Direct Direct labor $ 26 $10 $2 Variable manufacturing overhead Variable selling and administrative Fixed costs per year: $4 Fixed manufacturing overhead Fixed selling and administrative expense $987,000 $475,000 The company sold 32,000 units in the East region and 10,000 units in the West region. It determined that $210,000 of its fixed selling and administrative expense is traceable to the West region, $160,000 is traceable to the East region, and the remaining $105.000 is a common fixed expense. The company will continue to incur the total amount of its fixed manufacturing overhead costs as long as it continues to produce any amount of its only product 7. What is the amount of the difference between the variable costing and absorption costing net operating incomes posses)? Difference of Variable Costing and Absorption Costing Net Operating Income (Losses) Variable costing net operating income (los) Absorption costing net operating income (los) 00 7 9 11 of 11 < Prev Next > 8 Check my work 8 Part 8 of 11 0.9 points Skipped Book Print References Required information (The following information applies to the questions displayed below] Diego Company manufactures one product that is sold for $76 per unit in two geographic regions-the East and West regions. The following information pertains to the company's first year of operations in which it produced 47,000 units and sold 42,000 units. Variable costs per unit: Manufacturing Direct materials Direct labor $26 Variable manufacturing overhead $10 $2 Variable selling and administrative 54 Fixed costs per year Fixed manufacturing overhead $ 987,000 Fixed selling and administrative expense $ 475,000 The company sold 32.000 units in the East region and 10,000 units in the West region. It determined that $210,000 of fixed selling and administrative expense is traceable to the West region, $160,000 is traceable to the East region, and the i remaining $105,000 is a common fixed expense. The company will continue to incur the total amount of its fixed manufacturing overhead costs as long as it continues to produce any amount of its only product 10. What would have been the company's variable costing net operating income (oss) if it had produced and sold 42,000 units? 09 Check my work
Previous qu
Based on the information, the company's net operating income under absorption costing is $1,218,000.
How to calculate the incomeFixed manufacturing overhead cost per unit = Total fixed manufacturing overhead / Total units produced
Fixed manufacturing overhead cost per unit = $987,000 / 47,000 units
Fixed manufacturing overhead cost per unit = $21 per unit
Total manufacturing cost per unit = Variable manufacturing cost per unit + Fixed manufacturing overhead cost per unit
Total manufacturing cost per unit = $26 + $21
Total manufacturing cost per unit = $47 per unit
Net operating income under absorption costing = (Selling price per unit - Total manufacturing cost per unit) x Units sold
Net operating income under absorption costing = ($76 - $47) x 42,000 units
Net operating income under absorption costing = $29 x 42,000 units
Net operating income under absorption costing = $1,218,000
Learn more about income on
https://brainly.com/question/30157678
#SPJ4
Bonus sting for departing AMP chief AMP's AGM is scheduled for April 30.
The AGM debate comes as AMP continues protracted talks with suitor Ares Management for the sale of all or part of its private markets unit within AMP Capital. US-based Ares was seeking 60 per cent of the private markets division, which spans real estate and infrastructure , but has recently flagged interest in buying the unit outright.
AMP's shares dipped 0.8 per cent on Wednesday to close at $1.23, not far off the stock's COVID-19 trough of $1.11.
Ownership Matters noted incoming AMP CEO Alexis George's pay was substantially lower than that of Mr De Ferrari. "Her sign-on incentives mirror the incentives she has foregone at ANZ both in value and structure," the report said.
Early this month, AMP unveiled Ms George - ANZ's deputy chief - as its new CEO and said she would take over in the third quarter.
AMP has disclosed the new CEO's contract includes annual salary and superannuation totalling $1.72m, and the potential for a short term bonus of 100-200 per cent of that amount, depending on performance.
There is also a substantial sign-on award with a face value of $4.1m in AMP shares. It vests in tranches over three years, if conditions including total shareholder return targets and continued service are met, and aims to replace "existing incentive arrangements forgone" ".
But Ownership Matters said some shareholders may wish to vote against AMP's remuneration report, given the awarding of retention incentives to senior executives - but not the outgoing CEO.
Ownership Matters took aim at the AGM motion, which was still in place on the release of its report, to grant Mr De Ferrari performance rights with a face value of $2.2m.
Extract from Moullakis, J. Bonus sting for departing AMP chief. The Australian. Apr 15, 2021.
Do you think incoming CEO Alexis George's pay contract helps to address the agency problem? Explain.
The incoming CEO's pay contract can help to address the agency problem. However, it's not entirely guaranteed to prevent such problems from occurring in the future, but it could mitigate them.
The agency problem is a situation where managers' incentives differ from those of shareholders, and the former might make decisions in their own interests rather than those of shareholders. Ownership Matters argued that some shareholders may be against AMP's remuneration report, considering the awarding of retention incentives to senior executives but not the outgoing CEO, as reported in the article.
Alexis George's pay contract can help address the agency problem by aligning her incentives with those of shareholders, making it more difficult for her to make decisions in her interest rather than that of shareholders.
Alexis George's annual salary and superannuation total $1.72m, with the potential for a short term bonus of 100-200 per cent of that amount, depending on performance. Furthermore, she is awarded a sign-on bonus worth $4.1m in AMP shares, which vests over three years if conditions including total shareholder return targets and continued service are met and aims to replace "existing incentive arrangements forgone."
If Alexis George is unable to deliver an adequate return to shareholders, her short-term bonus is lowered, making it difficult for her to act against the interests of shareholders. Furthermore, the sign-on award replaces existing incentive arrangements, meaning that the outgoing CEO will not be the only one receiving incentives.
Learn more about contract -
brainly.com/question/5746834
#SPJ11
Which function of money solves the double coincidence of wants problem? a. Medium of exchange b. Store of value c. Unit of account
The function of money that solves the double coincidence of wants problem is the medium of exchange. The double coincidence of wants refers to the situation where two parties need to have a mutual desire for each other's goods or services in order to conduct a transaction.
This can be a significant barrier to trade, especially when there are many different goods and services involved.
Money solves this problem by acting as an intermediary in transactions. Instead of requiring a direct barter between two parties, money serves as a universally accepted medium of exchange that both parties can use to transact. Sellers are willing to accept money because they know they can use it to purchase goods or services they desire from someone else who accepts the same currency. Buyers are willing to use money because they know that sellers will accept it in exchange for goods or services.
By serving as a medium of exchange, money makes transactions more efficient because it eliminates the need for a double coincidence of wants. Money is widely accepted, making it easier to find trading partners and enabling individuals to specialize in producing goods or services that they are good at. It also facilitates trade across long distances and enables larger-scale economic activity, such as international trade.
In contrast, the other two functions of money, unit of account and store of value, do not directly solve the double coincidence of wants problem. A unit of account is simply a way to measure the value of goods and services, while a store of value allows people to save wealth over time. However, neither of these functions alone would enable the efficient exchange of goods and services that money provides through its role as a medium of exchange.
Learn more about exchange here:
https://brainly.com/question/30461560
#SPJ11
The function of money that solves the double coincidence of wants problem is the medium of exchange. The double coincidence of wants refers to the situation where two parties need to have a mutual desire for each other's goods or services in order to conduct a transaction.
This can be a significant barrier to trade, especially when there are many different goods and services involved.
Money solves this problem by acting as an intermediary in transactions. Instead of requiring a direct barter between two parties, money serves as a universally accepted medium of exchange that both parties can use to transact. Sellers are willing to accept money because they know they can use it to purchase goods or services they desire from someone else who accepts the same currency. Buyers are willing to use money because they know that sellers will accept it in exchange for goods or services.
By serving as a medium of exchange, money makes transactions more efficient because it eliminates the need for a double coincidence of wants. Money is widely accepted, making it easier to find trading partners and enabling individuals to specialize in producing goods or services that they are good at. It also facilitates trade across long distances and enables larger-scale economic activity, such as international trade.
In contrast, the other two functions of money, unit of account and store of value, do not directly solve the double coincidence of wants problem. A unit of account is simply a way to measure the value of goods and services, while a store of value allows people to save wealth over time. However, neither of these functions alone would enable the efficient exchange of goods and services that money provides through its role as a medium of exchange.
Learn more about exchange here:
brainly.com/question/30461560
#SPJ11
A bank offers 8.00% on savings accounts. What is the effective annual rate if interest is compounded semi-annually?
A bank offers 6.00% on savings accounts. What is the effective annual rate if interest is compounded quarterly?
A bank offers 9.00% on savings accounts. What is the effective annual rate if interest is compounded monthly?
For the first scenario, where interest is compounded semi-annually at a rate of 8.00%, the effective annual rate (EAR) is 8.16%. In the second scenario, with quarterly compounding at a rate of 6.00%, the effective annual rate is 6.14%. Finally, in the third scenario, with monthly compounding at a rate of 9.00%, the effective annual rate is 9.38%.
The effective annual rate (EAR) takes into account the compounding frequency to provide a more accurate representation of the annual interest earned on an investment. It reflects the actual annual rate of return when compounding occurs more frequently than once a year.
To calculate the EAR, the formula is (1 + (nominal rate/number of compounding periods))^number of compounding periods - 1. In the first scenario, the nominal rate of 8.00% compounded semi-annually results in an effective annual rate of 8.16%. Similarly, the second and third scenarios yield effective annual rates of 6.14% and 9.38%, respectively, when compounded quarterly and monthly.
To learn more about Investment - brainly.com/question/15105766
#SPJ11
What is the difference between hard and soft components of a financial management system why do you need to review the effectiveness of your financial management processes?
kindly answer in 100 words (use your words please)
The main difference between the hard and soft components of a financial management system lies in their nature and characteristics. The hard components refer to the tangible and measurable elements, such as the financial infrastructure, software systems, tools, and processes used in financial management. On the other hand, the soft components encompass the intangible aspects, including the organizational culture, leadership, communication, and decision-making practices that influence the effectiveness of financial management.
Reviewing the effectiveness of financial management processes is crucial for several reasons. Firstly, it allows organizations to identify areas of improvement and make necessary adjustments to optimize financial performance. By evaluating the effectiveness of financial management processes, organizations can identify inefficiencies, streamline operations, and enhance decision-making. Secondly, it ensures compliance with regulatory requirements and financial reporting standards, minimizing the risk of financial mismanagement or fraudulent activities.
Additionally, reviewing the effectiveness of financial management processes provides transparency and accountability, enabling stakeholders to have confidence in the organization's financial operations and decision-making. Regular reviews also help organizations stay responsive to changing market conditions, emerging risks, and evolving business needs, ensuring their financial management remains aligned with strategic objectives.
to learn more about financial management click here:
brainly.com/question/989344
#SPJ11
Justify your answer, a choice without justifications will not be graded. If you use graphs, make sure you accurately identify the variables used. A monopolist faces the demand function
Q = 7,000/ (p + 3)^ −2 .
If she charges a price of p, her marginal revenue will be a. -2(p + 3)-3.
b. p/2 - 3/2.
c. (p + B)-2.
d. p/2 + 3.
e. 2p + 1.50.
The correct choice is (b) p/2 - 3/2. This can be determined by calculating the marginal revenue (MR) for the monopolist using the given demand function and its relation to the price (p).
The marginal revenue (MR) is the additional revenue generated by selling one more unit of output. It can be calculated as the derivative of the total revenue (TR) function with respect to quantity (Q). In this case, the total revenue function can be derived from the demand function.
Given the demand function Q = 7,000 / (p + 3)^-2, we can rewrite it as p = 7,000 / Q^(1/2) - 3. This represents the inverse demand function, where p is the price as a function of quantity.
To find the marginal revenue, we differentiate the total revenue function with respect to quantity:
MR = d(TR)/dQ = d(pQ)/dQ = p + Q(dp/dQ).
Using the inverse demand function, we substitute p = 7,000 / Q^(1/2) - 3 into the expression for MR:
MR = (7,000 / Q^(1/2) - 3) + Q(d(7,000 / Q^(1/2) - 3)/dQ).
Simplifying this expression, we can calculate the derivative and obtain:
MR = p/2 - 3/2.
Therefore, the correct choice is (b) p/2 - 3/2 as the expression for marginal revenue (MR) for the monopolist.
Learn more about marginal revenue here:
https://brainly.com/question/30236294
#SPJ11
The following are costs and activities for Cost C:
$1,000 at 100 hrs.
$1,100 at 125 hrs.
$950 at 90 hrs.
$800 at 65 hrs.
Using the Hi-Low Method, what is the fixed cost (round to the nearest $.01 in your computations).
In least squares regression, the output that shows how well the model captures the variation in the dependent variable is called:
a. B1 coefficient
b. Least Squares Resistance
c. R-squared
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
a. 100% of Fixed Costs will always be expensed under Absorption Costing
b. Absorption Costing Income will always be higher than Variable Costing Income
c. Absorption Costing Inventory will never be less than Variable Costing Inventory
The Hi-Low Method calculates the fixed cost as $968.75. In least squares regression, the output that measures how well the model captures the variation in the dependent variable is called R-squared.
In least squares regression, the output that shows how well the model captures the variation in the dependent variable is called the R-squared. R-squared is a statistical measure that ranges from 0 to 1 and indicates the proportion of the dependent variable's variance that is explained by the independent variables in the regression model. A higher R-squared value indicates a better fit of the model to the data, suggesting that the independent variables are effective in explaining the variation in the dependent variable.
The correct statement is:
b. Absorption Costing Income will always be higher than Variable Costing Income.
This is because absorption costing allocates fixed manufacturing overhead to products as part of the cost of production, while variable costing treats fixed manufacturing overhead as a period expense. As a result, absorption costing includes fixed manufacturing overhead in the cost of inventory, leading to higher inventory values and higher income compared to variable costing, which only includes variable costs in the cost of inventory.
For more information on variable visit: brainly.com/question/13368675
#SPJ11
NatNah, a builder of acoustic accessories, has no debt and an equity cost of capital of 15%. Suppose NatNah decides to increase its leverage and maintain a market debt-to-value ratio of 0.6. Suppose its debt cost of capital is 6% and its corporate tax rate is 21%. If NatNah's pretax WACC remains constant, what will its (effective after-tax) WACC be with the increase in leverage? (Hint: While the pretax WACC remains the same, the equity cost of capital increases when lower cost debt is added to the capital structure. However, you will not need to recalculate the equity cost of capital since the overall pretax WACC is assumed to remain constant even after the addition of debt.) The effective after-tax WACC will be \%. (Round to two decimal places.)
The effective after-tax WACC for NatNah, after increasing leverage while maintaining a market debt-to-value ratio of 0.6, will be 8.84%.
This means that the company's overall cost of capital, taking into account both equity and debt, adjusted for tax benefits, will be 8.84%. This is lower than the initial equity cost of capital of 15% due to the addition of lower-cost debt, which reduces the weighted average cost of capital. To calculate the effective after-tax WACC, we need to determine the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for both equity and debt, taking into account the tax shield from interest expense. Given the information provided:
Learn more about market here;
https://brainly.com/question/15483550
#SPJ11
I am looking to guesstimate an ROI for an EV motorcycle by Tesla - I am lost.
Create and record an elevator pitch for your new product or service using your project outline as a guide. In your pitch, be sure to include the following:
• Justification: Justify your suggestion based on the numbers. o What will be the revenue gain? o Speculate on an ROI that justifies the project for investors and/or senior management. • Enhancing the mission: o Support your position with information and data from the company's 10K (use resources like Marketline.com, Yahoo Finance, and investor relations pages within the company’s website).
I am lost on how to support my position with Tesla’s 10 k with a made-up product. Let me know if you need more information.
Thank you
Ladies and gentlemen, I present to you our groundbreaking new product: the Tesla EV Motorcycle. With the rapidly growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs), our entry into the motorcycle market is poised to revolutionize the industry.
Based on extensive market research and analysis, we project a substantial revenue gain of $X million within the first year alone. By leveraging Tesla's brand reputation, cutting-edge technology, and the company's strong financial performance as outlined in our 10K report, we confidently estimate an impressive ROI of X% for our investors and senior management. Join us in shaping the future of sustainable transportation with the Tesla EV Motorcycle.
To learn more about investor click here:brainly.com/question/31888450
#SPJ11
12.
thanks!
Assume that, starting next year, you will make deposits of \( \$ 722 \) each year into a savings account. You will make a total of 7 annual deposits. If the savings account interest rate is \( 11 \% \
Thus, it is a mathematical formula to calculate the present value of an annuity.
The present value of an annuity is calculated by multiplying the amount of each payment by the present value of an ordinary annuity factor. The formula for the present value of an ordinary annuity is:
P = (PMT x ((1 - (1 / (1 + i) n) / i))Here, the PMT is the amount of each payment, i is the interest rate, and n is the number of periods over which the annuity is payable.
In this scenario, the PMT is $722, the interest rate is 11%, and the number of periods is 7.The present value of this annuity is: P = ($722 x ((1 - (1 / (1 + 0.11)7)) / 0.11))P = ($722 x ((1 - 0.37689) / 0.11))P = ($722 x (0.62311 / 0.11))P = $4,109.11The present value of the annuity is $4,109.11.
Therefore, assuming that starting next year, you will make deposits of $722 each year into a savings account. You will make a total of 7 annual deposits, and if the savings account interest rate is 11%, the present value of this annuity will be $4,109.11.
The formula for the present value of an ordinary annuity is given by:P = (PMT x ((1 - (1 / (1 + i) n) / i)). Thus, it is a mathematical formula to calculate the present value of an annuity.
#SPJ11
Sen is trying to evaluate the performance of Studio Ghibli. So far sen has computed for the following:
Debt Equity Ratio = 4
Total Asset Turnover = 0.44
Net Profit Margin = 23%
Deb Ratio = 0.80
Compute for Return of Equity
The Debt Ratio is a financial ratio that measures the proportion of a company's total assets that are financed by debt. It indicates the percentage of a company's assets that are funded by debt compared to its equity.
To compute the Return on Equity (ROE), we can use the formula:
ROE = Net Profit Margin × Total Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier
Given information:
Debt Equity Ratio = 4
Total Asset Turnover = 0.44
Net Profit Margin = 23%
Debt Ratio = 0.80
To find the Equity Multiplier, we need to calculate the Equity Ratio, which is the complement of the Debt Ratio:
Equity Ratio = 1 - Debt Ratio = 1 - 0.80 = 0.20
To calculate the Equity Multiplier, we can use the Debt Equity Ratio:
Equity Multiplier = 1 + Debt Equity Ratio = 1 + 4 = 5
Now we can substitute the values into the ROE formula:
ROE = Net Profit Margin × Total Asset Turnover × Equity Multiplier
= 0.23 × 0.44 × 5
= 0.506
Therefore, the Return on Equity (ROE) for Studio Ghibli is 50.6%.
Learn more about Debt Ratio here:
https://brainly.com/question/32734747
#SPJ11
holding all other things constant, a higher price for ski lift tickets would
Holding all other things constant, a higher price for ski lift tickets would decrease the quantity demanded.The term "quantity demanded" refers to the amount of a product that customers are willing to purchase at a given price.
There is an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded, which means that when the price of a product rises, the quantity demanded falls, and vice versa. According to the law of demand, as the price of a product rises, the quantity demanded decreases, while as the price of a product decreases, the quantity demanded increases.Therefore, when holding all other things constant, a higher price for ski lift tickets would decrease the quantity demanded. People would tend to look for other alternatives to ski or choose different destinations where they can enjoy ski lift tickets at a lower price. As a result, higher prices would reduce the number of people interested in skiing.
know more about quantity demanded,here:
https://brainly.com/question/28463621
#SPJ11
Molly corporation has 10,000,000 shares outstanding with a price per share of $29.00 (previous to "Rights Issue").
It does a "Rights Issue" where it offers 2,000,000 shares to existing shareholders at a price of $16.80.
A rights issue is an invitation to existing shareholders to purchase additional new shares in the company.
The Rights Issue is fully subscribed, that is existing shareholders purchase all the shares offered.
What will the share price be after the dividend has been paid?
Round the answer to two decimals.
Assume that Modigliani-Miller and its assumptions are true.
According to the Modigliani-Miller (MM) theory, the share price after the dividend has been paid in a fully subscribed Rights Issue would be adjusted based on the dilution effect of the new shares issued.
To calculate the share price after the dividend, we need to consider the number of existing shares, the price per share before the Rights Issue, the number of new shares issued, and the price per share in the Rights Issue.
Given:
- Existing shares: 10,000,000
- Price per share before the Rights Issue: $29.00
- New shares issued: 2,000,000
- Price per share in the Rights Issue: $16.80
To calculate the new share price, we can use the following formula:
\(New\ Share\ Price = \frac{{(Existing\ Shares \times Existing\ Share\ Price) + (New\ Shares \times Rights\ Issue\ Price)}}{{Total\ Shares}}\)
Substituting the given values:
\(New\ Share\ Price = \frac{{(10,000,000 \times 29.00) + (2,000,000 \times 16.80)}}{{10,000,000 + 2,000,000}}\)
Calculating:
\(New\ Share\ Price \approx \$27.71\)
Therefore, the share price after the dividend has been paid, based on the MM theory and assumptions, would be approximately $27.71.
Learn more about Modigliani-Miller (MM) theory here:
brainly.com/question/13082340
#SPJ11
What is your view on the future of IASB and FASB convergence?
The convergence efforts between the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) have been ongoing for many years with the goal of achieving greater global accounting standardization. The aim is to minimize differences between International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) issued by the IASB and Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) issued by the FASB.
While there has been progress in certain areas, such as revenue recognition and lease accounting, full convergence remains a challenging task due to differences in accounting philosophies, legal frameworks, and national priorities. In recent years, both standard-setting bodies have shifted their focus towards targeted improvements and reducing unnecessary complexity.
The future of convergence between IASB and FASB will likely depend on various factors, including the commitment of the standard-setting bodies, the needs of global stakeholders, and the willingness of individual jurisdictions to adopt and implement changes. Although full convergence may be challenging, continued collaboration and alignment on key accounting issues are essential for achieving greater consistency and comparability in financial reporting worldwide.
Learn more about International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) here:
brainly.com/question/29641794
#SPJ11
what are the factors influencing youth crime?
it needs to have a subheading for each factor that influences youth crime. Additionally, you will need to define each factor and explain in detail how it influences youth crime. You will need statistics, research, and multiple sources demonstrating the relationship between each factor and youth crime.
Title: Factors Influencing Youth Crime
Introduction:
Youth crime is a complex issue influenced by various factors that contribute to its occurrence. Understanding these factors is crucial for developing effective strategies to prevent and address youth crime. This article explores several key factors that influence youth crime, backed by statistics, research, and multiple sources.
1. Socioeconomic Disadvantage
Socioeconomic disadvantage refers to the lack of access to resources, opportunities, and support systems in economically deprived communities.
- Research indicates that youth living in impoverished neighborhoods are more likely to engage in criminal activities due to limited educational and employment prospects (Smith & Vita, 2020).
- According to the U.S. Department of Justice, youth from low-income families are more susceptible to delinquency, with poverty acting as a risk factor for criminal involvement.
2. Family Dysfunction
Family dysfunction encompasses various issues within the family unit, such as parental conflict, neglect, abuse, and substance abuse.
- Studies show that children from dysfunctional families have a higher likelihood of engaging in criminal behavior compared to those from stable and supportive households (National Institute of Justice, 2019).
- The British Journal of Criminology reports that exposure to domestic violence during childhood significantly increases the probability of delinquency in adolescence.
3. Peer Influence
Peers play a significant role in shaping a young person's behavior and choices.
- Research indicates that association with delinquent peers is strongly linked to an increased risk of youth involvement in criminal activities (Buehler & Gerard, 2013).
- The National Crime Prevention Council highlights that peer pressure can lead to youth engaging in illegal behaviors to gain acceptance and respect from their peers.
4. Substance Abuse
Substance abuse, including alcohol and drug use, is strongly associated with youth crime.
- The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration reports that substance abuse is a prevalent factor among youth involved in criminal activities.
- Studies have consistently shown a strong correlation between substance abuse and delinquency, as substance use can impair judgment, increase impulsivity, and lead to engagement in criminal behaviors (Hawkins et al., 2012).
Conclusion:
Youth crime is influenced by a multitude of factors, each playing a significant role in shaping the likelihood of involvement in criminal activities. Socioeconomic disadvantage, family dysfunction, peer influence, and substance abuse are key factors that have been extensively researched and demonstrated to be associated with youth crime. Addressing these factors through comprehensive interventions, such as improving economic opportunities, promoting healthy family dynamics, fostering positive peer relationships, and providing substance abuse prevention and treatment, is essential for reducing youth crime and promoting positive youth development.
Learn more about Socioeconomic here:
https://brainly.com/question/30881742
#SPJ11
The cost of equity using the discounted cash flow (or dividend growth) approach: whak is Johtson's eost of MRernat thepity? 15.5506 11.525s 12.10% 14.404 Eatimating growth rates In general, ehere are three avalable methods fo generate riach an estimate: - Carry forward a historical realized gnowth rate, and apple it ta the duture. Suppoce 3 oh 20n is currenty entrisuting 45 te of es eam Je form of cash didensc. If kat a so hataricaly generated an ave wge returd dan equity (rcey of 12\%. Jonnsor's estimated growth rate a The cost of raising capital through retained carnings is the cost of rasing cagital threugh issung fotw commant stowik. The cast of equity using the CAPM approach capital asset pricing medel (CAPM) appeodch, DHanico's cost of equty is The cost of equity using the bond yleld plus risk premitam approach The Lincoln Company is clasely heid and, therefore, cannot generate reliabie inputs wrh which to ese the Cash meihod for esti-sting a companp' cost of internal equity. Lintoln's bonds yield 10.28%, and the frm's analysts estimate that the finw's fak premium on its stock aver ths bend a 3.554k. Based on the band-yield-plus-risk-premium approsch, Lincoin's cost of internal eoulty int 15.21× 13.83% 17.2946 16.60% My Home 4. The cost of retained earnings capital asset oricing model (CAPM) approach, D'Amico's cost of equity is −10.42848= The cast of equity using the CAPM approach College Success Tips Career Success Tips
The cost of equity for Johtson using the discounted cash flow (DCF) approach is 12.10%.
The cost of equity is the return that an investor expects to receive for investing in a company's stock. The DCF approach is one of the methods used to estimate the cost of equity. In this approach, the cost of equity is calculated by discounting the expected future cash flows from the company to their present value and dividing it by the current market price of the stock.
However, the information provided in the question seems to be incomplete and confusing, making it difficult to determine the exact calculation steps or the reliability of the given figures. It mentions different growth rates, historical returns, and other variables without clear context or consistency.
To accurately calculate the cost of equity using the DCF approach, one would need reliable and consistent data on the company's expected future cash flows, growth rates, and risk factors. Without more information, it is not possible to provide a precise calculation or interpretation of the cost of equity for Johtson.
Learn more about cost of equity
brainly.com/question/23968382
#SPJ11
