The p53 protein is a transcription factor that regulates a cell's progression through the cell cycle after DNA is damaged by ultraviolet ( UV ) radiation. The p53 pathway is shown in Figure 1.
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Please note: p53 regulating image is for the entire problem, whereas part C image is only for part C.
(a) A skin cell completes one round of the cell cycle. Describe the products.
(b) Based on Figure 1, explain how p53 regulates the cell cycle in the presence of damaged DNA .
(c) Draw an X on the template in the space provided for your response to indicate the phase during which the replication of damaged DNA would occur.
(d) Based on Figure 1, explain how a mutation to p53 may lead to an increased risk of cancer.
Answers
Answer:
(a) Since skin cells undergo the process of mitosis, the product of one cell cycle is 2 identical daughter cells.
(b) The levels of p53 protein in the cell will rise in response to DNA damage. This will stop the cycle at one point to give time to the repair machinery to regain stability. As can be seen in the figure, CDK inhibitors have been produced which are responsible for halting the cell cycle.
(c) The S phase (synthesis phase) is when replication of damaged DNA would occur.
(d) p53 responds in one of 3 ways to an event of DNA damage: arresting the cell-cycle, apoptosis (programmed cell death), or repairing the DNA. If there has been a mutation in p53, neither of the three way would take place to prevent more copies of damaged DNA being made. A mutated p53 protein would no longer be able to suppress tumors.
Hope that answers the question, have a great day!
The cell cycle is the process in which a cell undergoes four phases of division to give rise to daughter cells.
(a) The skin cell is a type of somatic cell, which undergoes mitotic division. The products of the cell cycle will be two identical daughter cells.
(b) p53 is a transcription factor, which will halt the replication if any error occurs. CDK inhibitors are produced in the cycle, which regains stability and activates the repair mechanism.
(c) The synthesis phase or S phase of the cell cycle is the site where replication of the DNA occurs. It takes place after the G1 phase.
(d) p53 transcription factor can arrest the cell cycle, cause apoptosis, and repair the cell damage. The mutation in the p53 gene can work in any fashion to prevent more damaged copies of the DNA. The mutation in p53 will lead to tumors.
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Related Questions
An ecosystem that has almost the same number and type of organisms for many years is exhibiting ___
Answers
Answer:
equilibrium
Explanation:
What characteristic makes a social group eusocial?
Answers
Answer:
Eusociality (from Greek εὖ eu "good" and social), the highest level of organization of sociality, is defined by the following characteristics: cooperative brood care (including care of offspring from other individuals), overlapping generations within a colony of adults, and a division of labor into reproductive and non.
Explanation:
Answer: Eusociality (from Greek εὖ eu "nice" good and social), the highest level of organization of sociality, is defined by the following characteristics: cooperative brood care (including care of offspring from other individuals), overlapping generations within a colony of adults, and a division of labor into reproductive and non.
What are flagella?
A. false feet
B. skinny tails
C. hairlike projections
D. temporary extensions
Answers
Answer:
b
Explanation:
they help the bacteria move around .
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Allows the cell to move around
If you stand on the edge of a canyon and shout, you will hear an echo. That is,
some time after you shout, you will hear your shout again coming up from the
canyon. Describe what is happening to the sound of your shout to make this
happen.
Answers
Answer:
The soundwaves bounce off the canyon walls and back to you
Because sound waves bounce off surfaces and rebound, the shout will be reflected back to you. Often, music is captured in a space that is soundproof.
What is Sound wave?A sound wave is indeed the pattern of disruption brought on by the movement of energy moving through a medium because it propagates away from the origin of the sound (such as air, water, or any other kind of liquid or solid matter). Pressure waves are produced when an object vibrates, such as a ringing phone, and these waves are known as sound waves.
A sound source, like a vibrating speaker's diaphragm in a stereo, produces the sound waves. Vibrations are produced in the medium surrounding the sound source. The medium continues to vibrate as the source does, and as they do, the vibrations move away from where they originated at the sound's velocity, resulting in the formation of the sound wave.
Thus, the shout will be reflected back to you since sound waves bounce off objects and rebound. Music is frequently recorded in a room that is soundproof.
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pls help (ASASP)
This is the simplest invertebrate animal. Most are asymmetrical and reproduce either through asexual means or through internal, self-fertilization because most are hermaphrodites.
Answers
Answer:
whales I maybe wrong
Explanation:
Which plant or plant part is a source of edible oils?
A.
wheat
B.
kidney beans
C.
sunflower
D.
rice
E.
cottonseed
Answers
Answer:
kidney beans is correct
Explanation:
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Fill in the blank
After to oil and gas, the second most extracted resources from the
continental shelf are ________ and ________.
krill and plankton
sand and gravel
salt and pepper
silver and gold
The oxygen concentration of the ocean is the same at all depths.
True
False
The salinity in a saltmarsh may change when freshwater from a river or stream enters the marsh.
True
False
Fill in the blank
Marine habitats vary in physical parameters such as temperature, salinity and _______?
time
rain
sunlight
radiation
Where does thermohaline circulation occur?
bays and estuaries
warm surface waters close to the coast
Marianas trench
deep in the oceans
A biogeochemical cycle is a pathway for chemicals necessary for life to move through the environment.
True
False
Answers
Answer:
number 1 salt and peppers
number 2 false
number 3 sunlight
number 5 deep in the oceans
number 6 true
Explanation:
number 1 you can buy silver or gold you can't pick up salt a gravel and krill and plankton are not good for people
number 2 water can get heavy the more you go down there for your lung will get crushed this same effect can happen to fish
number 3 sunlight and saltine aka(what in salt water) will change the hint is the word temperature
number 4 The basic thermohaline circulation is one of sinking of cold water in the polar regions, chiefly in the northern North Atlantic and near Antarctica. These dense water masses spread into the full extent of the ocean and gradually upwell to feed a slow return flow to the sinking regions.
number 4 I don't have a explanation for this
Explain negative feedback mechanism
Answers
Answer:
The negative feedback mechanism is a reaction that causes a decrease in function inside a human's body and reduces the fluctuations in the output.
Explanation:
PLSSSSS MARKING BRAINLIST
Help check my work
Just tell me if it's right or wrong , if it's wrong can you pls tell me
(science)
Answers
Explanation:
I think this is a right answer
why have diseases and many other bacterial diseases decreased over the last 100 years?
Answers
9
Which is the basic functional unit of life?
organism
organ
tissue
cell
Answers
Answer:
cell
Explanation:
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. Cells are independent, single-celled organisms that take in nutrients, excrete wastes, detect and respond to their environment, move, breathe, grow, and reproduce.
Answer:
D.) Cell
Explanation:
On Edge 2020... just took test!
The landing of pollen on the stigma is followed by the growth of the pollen
tube towards the ovule. The pollen tube growth is guided by chemicals released from the pistil of the female flower. What is this type of growth in
the direction of chemicals called?
• positive chemotropism
• negative phototropism
• positive phototropism
Answers
Answer:
positive chempotesiem
Explanation:
What is complementary base pairing? Explain why complementary base pairing is necessary to maintain the double helix shape of the DNA molecule.
Answers
Answer:
A complimentary base pairing is how adenine can only bond with thymine and how guanine and cytosine through hydrogen bonding. It is necessary to maintain the double helix shape. Because it is opposite, that is why the DNA is that shape. It is anti parallel due to the Complementary base pairing.
Adenine can only bond with thymine and guanine with cytosine via hydrogen bonding. It's important to keep the double helix shape. Complementary base pairing causes antiparallelism.
Why complementary base pairing is necessary?Base pairs linked to a sugar-phosphate backbone form the double helix structure of DNA.
DNA is composed of four nitrogenous bases: thymine, adenine, guanine, and cytosine. Guanine and cytosine are linked by three hydrogen bonds, while adenine and thymine are linked by just two. The term for this is complimentary base pairing.
Complementary base pairing is critical for the formation of the helical helix of DNA because it permits the base pairs to be organized in the most energetically favorable manner. It is also essential for replication since it permits semiconservative replication.
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How are the blunt and sharp pipettes
used in the cloning process?
(please answer in simple words i don't even understand the question)
Answers
Answer:
During the process of the type of cloning known as Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT), once the nucleus is removed from the egg cell, blunt and sharp pipette both are used. The purpose of the blunt pipette is to hold the egg cell in position whereas the sharp pipette penetrates the cell to take the nucleus out by sucking it - a process known as "enucleation". This nucleus is discarded. Rather, this nucleus is replaced by a nucleus taken out from a somatic cell (same way as described before) of the same organism.
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what are liquid fats called
Answers
Answer:
The answer is Lipids .
Explanation:
Lipids is a liquid form of fats.
Answer:
Oils
Explanation:
Liquid fats (often called oils), obtained mainly from plant or fish sources, have a high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids. Except Coconut Oil.
Hope it helps...
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If you disagree with a point a discussion partner is making, it is usually a good idea to:
A. change the subject.
B. enlist others to join your effects
C. repeat your argument
D. ask verifying questions
Answers
Answer:
D. ask verifying questions
Explanation:
they would be a better solution instead of changing the subject or repeat the argument all over again.
Or you can enlist others to join your argument to see who they think is right.
Losing 100 orangutans a week is an astonishing number. Within your lifetime they could become extinct in the wild because of human impact. We use palm sugar in many products consumed and other things. Do you feel that it could be said we have a parasitic relationship with orangutans? Defend your answer.
Answers
Answer:
if the orangutans eat the fruits, basically their place of residence is their only means obtaining food and if the human continues to cut trees and destroy forests, the fruits will be lost and the monkeys will starve and thus could become extinct.
Explanation:
Predict the likely effect on the ability of substance L to enter the cells if substance L is attached to a large protein instead of free in the
culture.
Answers
Answer:
Since the cell membrane is semi-permeable, the likelihood of substance L entering the cell attached to a large protein is lower than that of substance L free in the culture. Substance L enters the cell membrane through active transport, but the cell membrane may block the larger protein, thus blocking substance L, if it is attached to the large protein.
Explanation:
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The image below shows how wolves and dogs compare to some other animals in the levels of classification.
Based on the chart, how are fish and dogs related?
They belong to the same kingdom but different phyla.
They belong to the same phylum but different classes.
They belong to the same kingdom and class.
They belong to the same phylum and class.
Answers
Answer:
B.
Explanation:
Answer:
Was it b?
Explanation:
Sarah adds 10 g of baking soda to 100 g of vinegar. The mixture begins 20
to bubble. When the bubbling stops, Sarah finds the mass of the resulting
mixture. She determines its mass is 105 g. The data she collected is in the
table. Does this follow the law of conservation of mass? Explain.
Answers
Answer:
Yes, the reaction between baking soda and vinegar follows the law of conservation of mass.
Explanation:
The table and data was not attached to the question.
When baking soda and vinegar are mixed together, a chemical reaction occur resulting to release of gas (carbon dioxide gas)
Law of conservation of mass states that the total mass of the reactants in a chemical reaction must be equal to the total mass of the products.
That is mass of reactant = mass of product = 100g + 10g = 110g
Sarah got 105g as product because a gas of mass 5g was released during the reaction.
Sarah found the mass of the resulting
mixture without including the mass of the released gas.
A way to account for the mass of the gas is if the experiment is done in a closed system like zip lock bag to collect and account for the mass of the gas.
When this is done, the law of conservation of mass would be proven.
Elijah likes the roses in his cousin’s garden. He decides to take the leaves from his cousin’s plant and connect them to his plant, which will result in the growth of a new rose plant. What method of plant propagation did Elijah use?
A.
cutting
B.
air layering
C.
tip layering
D.
mound layering
E.
grafting
Answers
Answer:
its cutting
Explanation:
How does increased sediment loads adversely affect coral reefs?
A- sediment reduces photosynthesis by zooxanthellae
B- nutrients stimulate zooxanthellae growth
C- sediment makes corals Brittle
D- sediment lowers oceanic pH
E- sediment kills parasites
Answers
List eight factors that contribute to desertification.
Answers
Answer:
include urbanization, climate change, overuse of groundwater, deforestation, natural disasters, and tillage practices in agriculture that place soils more vulnerable to wind.
Explanation:
The diagram below shows the Moon's orbit around Earth. Letters A, B, C, and D represent four positions in the Moon's orbit.
What is the approximate length of time it takes the Moon to travel from position A to position C?
1 day
14 days
28 days
31 days
Answers
Answer:
14 days is the correct answer. Since it takes 27(approx) days to complete one revolution of the earth and will take (27/2=14) days to complete half of the revolution I.e. A to C.
The orbit of the Moon around Earth is shown in the diagram below. Four locations in the Moon's orbit are represented by the letters A, B, C, and D.
How long does it typically take the Moon to move from position A to position C?
The Moon takes 28 days to go from location A to position C, which is a rough estimate. The Moon is at perigee, or its closest point to Earth, at position A. The Moon is at its apogee, or furthest point from Earth, at location C. Even though the Moon's orbital speed varies, it does take about 28 days to go from perigee to apogee. The Earth's orbit around the Sun and the Moon's orbit are both inclined.
This indicates a tilt between the orbital planes of the Earth and the Moon. The Moon's location with relation to the Sun consequently shifts throughout time. The Moon appears to "wax" and "wane" in the night sky because of this. The 28-day synodic period of the Moon accounts for the Moon's shifting positions with respect to the Sun.
Therefore, it may be concluded that it takes the Moon 28 days to roughly travel from place A to position C. This is due to the Moon's relatively slow orbital motion, which takes around 28 days to complete from perigee to apogee and from one place in relation to the Sun to another.
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During cellular respiration, which of the following is equal to the total number of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in water and carbon dioxide?
Number of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in glucose
Number of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in oxygen gas
Total number of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in glucose and oxygen
Total number of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in hydrogen gas and oxygen
Answers
Answer:
number of carbon hydrogen and oxygen atoms in oxygen gas
Explanation:
2. Predict the oxygen level in a pond.
A The amount of oxygen dissolved in the water stays pretty even over a one year period.
B The water is too deep for plants to grow on the bottom, making it oxygen rich.
C Oxygen levels are high in the summer while the sun is shining and plants are
photosynthesizing, but they can drop in the winter.
D None of the above.
Answers
Answer:
C
Explanation:
oxygen levels are high in the summer while the sun is shining and plants are photosynthesizing but they can drop in the winter
The human body contains many glands, including the pituitary, thymus, and thyroid. The table below shows the functions of two of these glands. Function 1. Associated with the immune system and is largest in size during teenage years 2. Produces hormones which are required for growth and various body functions Which of the following matches correctly the names of the glands with their functions? Group of answer choices Pituitary—Function 1; Thyroid—Function 2 Thyroid—Function 1; Thymus—Function 2 Thymus—Function 1; Pituitary—Function 2 Pituitary—Function 1; Thymus—Function 2
Answers
Answer:
The answer is B
Explanation:
I had did research on both explanations and Thymus is 1st and Pituitary is 2nd. I had looked this question up and yours is a bit different then mine, but I thought I'd stop and help you. :)
Answer:
B
Explanation:
im doing the test now
how many alleles control a mendelian trait such as pea seed color
A one
B two
C three
D four
Answers
Answer:
B. Two alleles control a Mendelian trait such as pea seed color
Explanation:
which statement is true of prokaryotes but not eukaryotes
A. Some are multicellular
B. They have no ribosomes
C. They have no water
D. All are unicellular
Answers
Answer:
c sorry if u get it wrong
Define and give 2 examples of haploid cells
Answers
Answer:
Haploid cells contain a single set of chromosomes. Gametes are an example of haploid cells produced as a result of meiosis. Examples of gametes are the male and female reproductive cells, the sperm and egg cell respectively.
Explanation:
