the purpose of supply chain design is to shape a firm's supply chain to meet the competitive priorities of its operations strategies. t/f

The statement that is a source of gaining wealth whereby corporate raiders either push companies to change their corporate strategy to one that will benefit stockholders, or charge a premium for stock when the company wants to buy it back is: B. Greenmail.

Greenmail can be defined as the way of buying more shares  or additional shares from a company so as to make it look like another company what to takeover which inturn will enables the company to rebuy or repurchase the same shares as a premium because of the fear of been taking over.

Some investors tend to engage in this act buy trying to threaten a company with what is called hostile takeover.

Greenmail is a  source of generating wealth based on the fact that corporate raiders will tend to push companies to change their corporate techniques  to the one that will be of benefit to stockholders.

Therefore we can conclude that the correct option is B.

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The consumer surplus in this market is B. $484

When consumers pay less for a good or service than they are willing to, this is known as a consumer surplus. It measures the extra benefit that consumers get from paying less for something than they would have been willing to.

Consumer surplus is represented by a horizontal line drawn between the y-axis and demand curve and is defined as the region below the downward-sloping demand curve, or the amount a consumer is willing to spend for specific quantities of a good, and above the actual market price of the good.

This will be calculated thus:

P = 50 - 2Q

TC = 6Q

MC = 6

The profit maximization condition is

P = MC

50 - 2Q = 6

2Q = 44

Q = 44 / 2 = 22

Consumer surplus = 0.5[(50 - 6) × 22] = $484

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A recently issued bond has a 10 year maturity and a 7% coupon rate. Gain expected is equal to (12.30*0.01) plus (0.5*272.9*(0.012)), which equals 13.66%.

Age has no influence on maturity; maturity is decided by how you choose to act and respond to various life experiences.

Price of zero coupon bond at 8%=(1000/(1.08^13.05))=366.29

Price of zero coupon bond at 9%=(1000/(1.09^13.05))=324.78

Price of 6% coupon bond 8%= (60*((1-(1.08^-13.05))/0.08)+(1000/(1.08^13.05))=841.57

Price of 6% coupon bond 9%=(60*((1-(1.09^-13.05))/0.09)+(1000/(1.09^13.05))=774.93

Zero coupon bond

Actual loss =(324.78 - 366.29)/366.29=11.33%

Predicted loss =((-12.08*0.01))+(0.5*157.20*(0.01^2))=11.29%

Price of 6% coupon bond

Actual loss =(774.93-841.57)/841.57=7.92%

Predicted loss = (-12.30*0.01)+(0.5*272.9*(0.01^2))=10.94%

Part B

Price of zero coupon bond at 8%=(1000/(1.08^13.05))=366.29

Price of zero coupon bond at 7%=(1000/(1.07^13.05))=413.56

Price of 6% coupon bond at 8%= (60*((1-(1.08^-13.05))/0.08)+(1000/(1.08^13.05))=841.57

Price of 6% coupon bond at 7%=(60*((1-(1.07^-13.05))/0.07)+(1000/(1.07^13.05))=916.22

Zero coupon bond

Actual gain =(413.56 - 366.29)/366.29=12.91%

Predicted gain =((12.08*0.01))+(0.5*157.20*(0.01^2))=12.87%

Price of 6% coupon bond

Actual gain =(916.22-841.57)/841.57=8.87%

Predicted gain = (12.30*0.01)+(0.5*272.9*(0.01^2))=13.66%

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If a $1,000 increase in income leads to an $800 increase in consumption expenditures, then the marginal propensity to consume is C. 0.8 and the multiplier is 5.

The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) measures how responsive consumption is to unitized changes in income levels in a particular economy.

The percentage of a consumer's overall salary increase that they choose to spend on purchasing goods and services as opposed to saving is known as the marginal propensity to consume (MPC). Depending on income, MPC fluctuates. MPC tends to be lower at higher income levels.

The Marginal propensity to consume can be found by the formula:

= Change in consumption expenditure / Change in income

= 800 / 1, 000

= 0. 80

The Multiplier is :

= 1 / ( 1 - MPC)

= 1 / ( 1 - 0.8 )

= 1 / 0.2

= 5

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As a result of this transaction, Nilo has a Temporary favorable book/tax difference. Option B.

Financial statements are written records that reflect a company's operations and financial performance. Financial statements are often audited by government agencies accountants businesses etc. to ensure accuracy and for tax financing or investment purposes.

Financial statements are formal records of the financial activities and status of a company person or other entity. Relevant financial information is presented in a structured, easy-to-understand format. A financial statement is a record of a company's financial position and activities for a specific period of time.

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The term "invisible hand" describes how the market influences individual market participants' self-interests to advance overall economic well-being.

Adam Smith, a British moral philosopher, introduced the metaphor of the "invisible hand" to explain the unforeseen societal advantages and public good that result from people acting in their own self-interests. The invisible hand is the unobservable market factor that aids in a free market's natural attainment of equilibrium between supply and demand for products. Adam Smith first used the phrase "invisible hand" in his book "The Wealth of Nations." Because people's behaviour is generally predictable, the invisible hand of the market creates predictable economic systems like supply and demand. For instance, you anticipate finding eggs and milk for sale when you visit the grocery store.

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The two most basic policies associated with employment stability are follow demand exactly and hold employment constant. Option D is correct.

Employment stability is the length of time an employee works at their current position without being let go. In order to encourage a sense of employment stability, companies must take action.

Five Strategies for Finding More Employment Stability:

However Companies may improve retention, attract top talent (word spreads when employees know that their employment is stable), and foster a productive workplace atmosphere by offering consistent, stable positions to workers.

Thus Option D is correct.

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I Recourse Liabilities means any obligation, guaranty or indemnity by a Member under any loan to the Company or any Operating Company.

Recourse Liabilities are the amounts owed by the Partnership that are not Nonrecourse Liabilities or Partner Nonrecourse Liabilities.

A recourse is a legal agreement that grants the lender the right to repossess the pledged collateral if the borrower fails to meet the debt obligation. The lender's legal right to collect is referred to as recourse. Lenders benefit from recourse lending because they are guaranteed some repayment, whether in cash or liquid assets.

Companies that use recourse debt have a lower cost of capital because lending to that firm carries less underlying risk. Recourse Liabilities are the amounts owed by the Partnership that are not Nonrecourse Liabilities or Partner Nonrecourse Liabilities.

A recourse is a legal agreement that grants the lender the right to collect on the loan.

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The best outcome for Nike is to Advertise and for Adidas to not Advertise

Marketing your company through advertising is one strategy to boost sales or enhance audience awareness of your goods or services. Your advertising may contribute to a customer's initial perceptions of your company before they interact with you and make a purchase.

Advertising is an effective technique that you may use to draw clients, educate them about your products, and gain their trust. The majority of businesses utilize some form of advertising to market their goods and services.

The  benefit of advertising are:

Therefore, Nike will be better off without advertising as their sales are up based on the table but Adidas have to advertise if they want to bring their sales up.

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True. The master production schedule is a detailed schedule that indicates the quantity of each item to be produced, the planned delivery dates for those items, and the time by which each step of the production process must be completed to meet those delivery dates.

The goods a company will create, when they will be produced, and in what quantities are specified in a master production schedule (MPS). An MPS connects production capacity and demand in the market. The goal of master production scheduling is to develop a practical strategy that reduces overstock and increases on-time delivery.

A master production schedule (MPS) is a plan for how specific commodities, such production, staffing, inventory, etc., will be generated during each time period. Typically, it has to do with production, where the plan specifies when and how much of each product will be needed.

These situations make advantage of this: Multiple floats and a safety stock are entered to ensure good material supply, which inexorably results in huge stock levels.

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Barbara, a self-employed graphic artist, buys a new colour copier that she uses to produce pamphlets for her clients. This copier would be included in GDP as part of investment.

The gross domestic product (GDP) is the total monetary or market value of all finished products and services produced within a country's borders during a specific time period (GDP). Because it is a broad indicator of total domestic production, it provides an exhaustive evaluation of the state of the economy in a particular country.

Although it is often calculated on a yearly basis, GDP can also be computed on a quarterly basis. For instance, the US government estimates the annualized GDP for the entire year as well as each fiscal quarter. Each item of information in this report is given in real terms, which implies that it has been netted for inflation after being adjusted for price changes.

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Higher the Primary Deficit, higher will be the next year debt-to-GDP Ratio [tex]$\left(\frac{b_t}{y_t}\right)$[/tex]

GDP calculates the monetary value of the final goods and services—those purchased by the consumer—produced in a nation during a specific time period.

According to the given information

Government Budget Constraint:

[tex]B_t-B_{t-1}=r B_{t-1}+G_t-T_t \text { - (1) }[/tex]

[tex]where $B_t=$ Debt in year $t$ (current year $=t$ )[/tex]

[tex]$B_{t-1}[/tex] = Debt in year t-1.

[tex]$T_t[/tex] =  Taxes in year t

Now, Let [tex]$y_t[/tex] = Income in year t.

[tex]$\frac{B_t}{y_t}=$[/tex] Debt Ratio or Debt-to-4DP ratio.

from equation (1), we have

[tex]B_t & =r B_{t-1}+B_{t-1}+G_t-T_t \\[/tex]

[tex]& =(1+r) B_{t-1}+G_t-T_t[/tex]

We adjust the equation's two sides for income [tex]y_{t}[/tex]

[tex]& \Rightarrow \frac{B_t}{y_t}=(1+\gamma) \frac{B_{t-1}}{y_t}+\frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t} \\[/tex]

[tex]& \Rightarrow \frac{B_t}{y_t}=(1+\gamma) \frac{B_t-1}{y_t} \times\left(\frac{y_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}}\right)+\frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t} \\[/tex]

[tex]& \Rightarrow \frac{B_t}{y_t}=(1+r) \frac{B_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}} \times\left(\frac{y_{t-1}}{y_t}\right)+\frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t}-(2)[/tex]

Now, let g be the % change in y

[tex]& g=\frac{y_t-y_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}} \\\Rightarrow & g=\frac{y_t}{y_{t-1}}-1 \\[/tex]

[tex]\Rightarrow & \frac{y_t}{y_{t-1}}=1+g \\\Rightarrow & \frac{y_t-1}{y_t}=\frac{1}{1+g}[/tex]

Put [tex]$\frac{y_{t-1}}{y_t}$[/tex] in equation (2), we get

[tex]\frac{B_t}{V_t}=\frac{(1+\gamma)}{(1+g)} \frac{B_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}}+\frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t}[/tex]

We know, [tex]$\frac{1+x}{1+y} \approx 1+x-y$[/tex]

[tex]& \text { So, } \frac{B_t}{y_t} \approx(1+\gamma-g) \frac{B_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}}+\frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t}-4 \\[/tex]

[tex]& \Rightarrow \frac{B_t}{y_t}=\frac{B_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}}+(\gamma-g) \frac{B_t-1}{y_{t-1}}+\frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t} \\[/tex]

[tex]& \Rightarrow \frac{B_t}{y_t}-\frac{B_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}}=(\gamma-g) \frac{B_{t-1}}{y_{t-1}}+\frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t} \quad[/tex] Hence proved

Equation (4) is the evolutionary equation for Debt_to-4DP Ratio. where [tex]$G_t-T_t=$[/tex] Primary Deficit

[tex]\Rightarrow \frac{G_t-T_t}{y_t}[/tex] = Primary deficient ratio

Higher the Primary Deficit, higher will be the next year debt-to-GDP Ratio [tex]$\left(\frac{b_t}{y_t}\right)$[/tex]

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Raising interest rates is the appropriate response to developing equity or real estate price bubbles.

Although it is never popular, officials must do this if they are to fulfil their responsibility of stabilising the financial and economic system. The culprits behind some of the most disastrous recessions in history are asset price bubbles. Asset bubbles that were followed by severe economic downturns include the stock market bubble of the 1920s, the dot-com boom of the 1990s, and the real estate bubble of the 2000s.

When an asset bubble explodes, it can be extremely disastrous for people and firms who invested too late. Asset price bubbles are comparable to Ponzi or pyramid schemes in this way. When asset bubbles burst, investors' net worth is destroyed, and exposed enterprises fail, potentially igniting a chain reaction of debt deflation and financial panic that can spread to other areas of the economy and produce the recessionary phase of higher unemployment and decreased output.

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An investment with an initial cost of $20,000 expects cash flow of $5000.

What is cash flows?
The net amount of cash and cash equivalents coming into and going out of a business is referred to as cash flow. Money spent and money received reflect inflows and outflows, respectively. The phrase "cash flow" is typically used to describe payments that are anticipated to occur in the future, but afterwards unclear, and as a result need to be projected with cash flows. A cash flow in its restricted sense is a payment (in a currency), notably from one central bank account to another. However, it is common to use the term "cash flow" in a broader meaning to describe (symbolic) payments into or out of a company, project, or financial product.

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The movement of the demand curve as hot dog prices decline. a shift in consumer preferences that increases their appetite for hot dogs.

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Customers expect assistance from a knowledgeable staff and are not as concerned about price from specialty stores.

What are Specialty stores?

Specialty stores are retail stores that focus on selling a specific type of product or service. These stores often have a limited selection of products and offer more personalized customer service than larger chain stores. Examples of specialty stores include pet stores, hardware stores, and hobby stores.

Customers are often willing to pay a higher price for specialty stores because they know they will have access to a knowledgeable staff. Specialty stores often carry products with a higher level of complexity, making knowledgeable help essential. Customers understand that the staff at a specialty store are experts in the products they are selling and can provide invaluable assistance and advice when making a purchase. They appreciate the expertise that these stores provide and are willing to pay a higher price in exchange for it.

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As a percentage of sales, net income has fallen. Other than selling charges, all costs and expenses between 20Y1 and 20Y2 remained roughly the same as a percentage of sales.

One of a firm's financial statements, an income statement displays the sales and expenses the company incurred within a specific time period. Managers and investors can determine whether a company made money during the reporting period by looking at the income statement.

Charitable organizations are not required to prepare an income statement but are instead required to disclose financial statements. Instead, they produce a comparable statement that contrasts funding sources with program costs, overhead costs, and other operating commitments. The declaration of actions is another name for this sentence. The donor constraints on the funds received and spend are used to further categorize revenues and expenses in the statement of activities.

To solve the question.

1. Comparative Income Statement and working note are attached below.

2. As a percentage of sales, net income has fallen. Other than selling charges, all costs and expenses between 20Y1 and 20Y2 remained roughly the same as a percentage of sales.

However, the percentage of selling expenses to sales has gone up. It appears that the new marketing initiative has been successful.

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Evaluating is the process of getting assistance from others by having them read your manuscript and discuss its advantages and disadvantages with you.

A programmed, precise, intervention, or initiative's effectiveness in achieving its objectives can be studied scientifically by using evaluation. Evaluations help identify the aspects of a programme or effort that are successful and those that could be improved.

Review Sentence Samples He paused to inspect the gold-plated jeweler. In order to make rescue efforts easier, assess the run-out beneath the rapid. To employ in the driver, we first examine a variety of compression algorithms. I look for opportunities, he claimed.

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In this example, states and counties are examples of CLUSTERS.

Researchers divide a population into clusters, or discrete groupings, during cluster sampling. To create a sample, they then randomly choose individuals from these clusters.

Large populations, especially those that are widely geographically distributed, are frequently studied using cluster sampling, a probability sampling technique. The pre-existing units that researchers typically utilize as their clusters are cities or schools.

The benefits of cluster sampling:

1.It is the most cost- and time-effective probability design for broad geographic areas.

2.From a practical standpoint, this strategy is simple to apply.

3.Due to the improved accessibility of prospective sample group members, a larger sample size can be utilized.

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Using linear programming, the optional mixture at minimum cost is x,y ≥ 0

Optional mixture at minimum cost is a process of combining a variety of materials, such as concrete, sand, gravel, and other aggregates, in order to create a mixture that is more cost-effective than buying the individual components separately. This type of mixture can be used in construction projects, road paving, and landscaping projects in order to save money.

Solving this mathematically with linear programming;

Let x be the number of units of food F1 and y be the number of units of food F2.

Minimize cost: z = 3x+2.5y

Subject to:

2x + 4y ≥ 40 (minimum requirement of vitamin B)

3x + 2y ≥ 50 (minimum requirement of vitamin C)

x,y ≥ 0 (non-negative constraint)

The linear programing problem is:

Minimize z = 3x+2.5y

Subject to:

2x + 4y ≥ 40

3x + 2y ≥ 50

x,y ≥ 0

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During the selection procedure, an applicant may be rejected at any step in the procedure. The selection process aims to gather pertinent information about applicants.

This data is protected in a variety of ways or phases. Determining whether an applicant satisfies the requirements for a particular position and selecting the applicant most likely to perform well in that job are the goals of the selection process.

The hiring procedure is drawn out and starts with a preliminary interview with applicants and ends with the employment contract (sometimes). There are several steps in the choosing process. Prior to moving on to the next level, the candidate must successfully complete the previous one. An applicant must overcome a succession of increasing obstacles during the selection process.

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For a monopolistically competitive firm in the long-run equilibrium price will equal the average total cost. Thus, option 'B' is the correct option.

In long-run equilibrium, a monopolistically competitive firm's pricing will be equal to its average total cost. A monopolistically competitive corporation never generates any economic profits in the long run. The price is equal to the average total cost when a producer is earning no economic profits, or P = ATC.

Businesses in monopolistic competition continue to produce at a level where marginal cost and marginal income are equal over the long term. But when more businesses enter the market, the demand curve will have moved to the left.

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As the spokespeople stressed that "their primary concern is always the health and safety of our customers." At this point, the scenario would most likely be considered a public relations issue. The Option B is correct.

In marketing, public relations means set of techniques and strategies related to managing how information about an individual or company is disseminated to the public and most especially the media. The primary goals of public relations are to disseminate important company news or events, maintain a brand image and put a positive spin on negative events to minimize their fallout.

A company public relations may occur in the form of press release, news conference, interviews , social media posting etc. Every entity operating in the public eye faces spread of information about them or their practices to the public.

In conclusion, as public relations is an industry unto itself, any attempt to portray oneself in a certain way to others can be considered a form of public relations.

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According to the video lectures, members of societies with individualistic values values personal goals and independence

Autonomy, freedom, self-actualization, assertiveness, and a sense of individuality are all examples of individualist values. Collectivism, which is said to be more prevalent in non-Western countries, is based on interpersonal interactions that foster social cohesion through the proper performance of roles, responsibilities, and obligations.

Individualistic values, on the other hand, prioritize the interests of the individual over the interests of members of the in-group and the outsiders; as a result, they place more value on an individual's independence, self-reliance, and self-realization than on the interests of the community, society, or country.

When you describe someone as individualistic, you're referring to their preference for thinking and acting independently of others rather than following in their footsteps. A culture can also be characterized as individualistic if it promotes such behavior. most creatives

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The communication channel is the medium (e.g., print, television, radio) that carries the message from the firm to the consumer.

Both the means of communication and the specific tools employed can be referred to as communication channels. The medium (such as print, television, or radio) via which the company's message is delivered to the customer is known as the communication channel.

The routes of communication might go up from subordinates to superiors, down from subordinates to subordinates, or across from and to coworkers at the same level of power in the hierarchy. There are three main categories into which communication channels can be divided: spoken, written, and non-verbal.

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There has been an decrease in capital inflows from other countries would most likely decrease interest rates.

Interest rates can have a significant impact on a country's economy. Interest rates can affect a variety of economic factors, including:

Overall, interest rates can have significant impacts on a country's economic performance and financial stability.

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The most important components of both individual and organizational thriving are Thriving Teams. Teams that are thriving produce important outcomes such as wellbeing, vitality,

performance, and learning and development. Thriving Teams need to adopt a holistic and systemic strategy rather than a silo-based approach to create an environment where all the results that matter can co-emerge and co-influence one another, eventually fostering the success of thriving individuals, teams, and organizations. The Thriving Teams InstituteTM offers evidence-based and doable strategies for building Thriving Teams. You can create teams that are "Always Ready" for the difficulties facing your team now and in the future with the help of our system-based, holistic, and design-based approaches.

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promotional expense 45,000premium liability 45,000expense for the year = 150,000 (60% X $25 X 10,000)promotional expense 105,000cash 105,000

What is promotional expense mean?

Advertising costs are the costs that companies spend to market their products and services to consumers. Promotional expenses can range from giveaways, free samples, or other promotional gimmicks to increase sales and revenue.

Are business promotional(advertising) expenses deductible?

Promotional Expense (Advertising) spend must be directly related to your business. For example, you can deduct cost of printing business cards. If they are related to your business and you plan to do business with them in the future, you can deduct advertising costs. For example, you can deduct event sponsorship costs.

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To record the adjustment entry for the delivery equipment depreciation expense, $1,000 is debited from "depreciation expense" and $1,000 is credited to "accumulated depreciation-delivery equipment."

A depreciation charge is the sum deducted from gross profit to reflect an item's decline in value as a result of its age or level of use. Depending on the type of equipment you buy and own, your business may be eligible to deduct a depreciation expense.

Accumulated depreciation is the cumulative amount of depreciation that has been applied to an asset up to a specific point. Each period's depreciation expense adds to the starting cumulative depreciation amount.

Contrary to depreciation expense, which is the amount recognized each period, cumulative depreciation is the entire amount of depreciation since the date of purchase. Because it is an asset with a credit balance, the accumulated depreciation account is viewed as a counter asset.

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Job Enlargement packaging employee package an entire product to reduce boredom from repetitively doing a single task. The term "job enlargement".

Refers to expanding the scope of a job's responsibilities while generally keeping the same level and boundaries. Job expansion entails combining several organizationally equivalent tasks and adding them to the existing job. Job expansion is defined as adding new duties to an existing role that are on the single task. This implies that a person's current profession will require them to perform more and diverse tasks. For instance, a worker who will now handle her own plans instead of having her manager do it.

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