Answer:
SNPs have shown that only 0.1 % of DNA sequences are different in the human genome between different individuals, thereby all the inherited phenotypic variation observed in our species is associated with only 0.1 % of differences at the genome level
Explanation:
Haplotypes are block-like sequences of DNA that are inherited together due to low recombination rates. Moreover, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mapping is a very useful methodology used to map the site of SNP mutations (i.e., SNP variants). In this regard, it has been observed that there are approximately 10 million common SNPs in the human genome. These SNPs contribute to the wide range of phenotypic variation observed in human populations for different traits (e.g., eye color, hair, weight, height, etc). Moreover, researchers have determined that SNPs can be clustered into haplotypes, thereby haplotypes can be accurately sampled by as few as approx. 300,000 selected SNPs, which are sufficient to represent all of the genetic variation across different human genomes.
i need help in biology questions please G10?
Answer:
ok where is it
we can help only if there is something attached
Ecosystems rely on interdependence between species to keep balance. Which of the following is a threat to a stable
ecosystem?
A. Loss of biodiversity
B. High biodiversity
C. Low biodiversity
D. Increase in biodiversity
Answer:
loss of biodiversity
Explanation:
Biodiversity- refers to the variety of life on Earth at all its levels, from genes to ecosystems, and can encompass the evolutionary, ecological, and cultural processes that sustain life.
loss in biodiversity affect food chains greatly
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What is the function of the mitochondria?
A. Stores the cell's DNA
B. Builds proteins
C. Produces energy for the cell by respiration
OD. Stores the cell's glucose
Reset Selection
Answer:
Produces energy for the cell by respiration
Explanation:
The glucose obtained from food is broken down to pyruvic acid in the cytoplasm. This pyruvic acid is broken down into oxygen, water and energy rich ATP molecules in the Mitochondria.
A small group of mice are released on an island without mice but with abundant food for mice and no predators. After the population size stabilizes for several years, a hurricane drastically reduces it. We can now say that:________.
A) the biotic potential of the population has been reduced.
B) its new population size is a result of density-dependent regulation.
C) its new population size is a result of density-independent regulation.
D) it can now act as a sink metapopulation.
The correct answer is option C) The new mice population size is a result of density-independent regulation.
The carrying capacity might be affected by different factors, known as limiting factors, which might be a result of the population density (for example, competition) or might be density-independent. This last case refers to dense-independent factors, and among these, we can mention human impact or natural disasters (fires, volcanic eruption, flooding). Natural disaster causes damages in an ecosystem, reducing the available resources such as food or shelter, and consequently decreases the number of individuals. Natural disasters reduce the carrying capacity of the environment
In the exposed example, mice got to stabilize on the island. The population had enough food and no predators. But the occurrense of the huricane reduced drastically the population size. This is an example of a natural dissaster acting as a limiting dense-independent factor affecting the population size.
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Cystathioninuria can be caused by two different mutations in the enzyme cystathionase. Cystathioninuria caused by mutation 1 can be overcome by providing cells with increasing concentrations of the coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate. Which of the following statements describe the most likely changes in the binding affinities of the two mutant enzymes?
A. Both mutant enzymes have lost the ability to bind the substrates.
B. The enzyme with mutation 1 has lost the ability to bind to the substrates, whereas the enzyme with mutation 2 has lost the ability to bind to pyridoxal phosphate.
C. The enzyme with mutation 1 has decreased affinity for pyridoxal phosphate, whereas the enzyme with mutation 2 has lost the ability to bind to the substrates.
D. Both mutant enzymes have lost the ability to bind pyridoxal phosphate.
Answer:
C. The enzyme with mutation 1 has decreased affinity for pyridoxal phosphate, whereas the enzyme with mutation 2 has lost the ability to bind to the substrates.
Explanation:
A coenzyme is an organic cofactor that binds with an enzyme in order to initiate or aid the function of the enzyme. A coenzyme binds to the active site of the enzyme (where the reaction occurs), thereby triggering its activation by modifying protein structure during the reaction. Some examples of coenzymes include Coenzyme A and Adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Pyridoxal phosphate is a coenzyme (it is the active form of vitamin B6) that is required for the function of cystathionase. Moreover, cystathionase is an enzyme that enables cells the synthesis of cysteine from methionine (transsulfuration pathway). The binding of pyridoxal phosphate to the enzyme increases the binding affinity of the enzyme for the substrate, thereby influencing its activity. In this case, it is expected that mutation 1 reduces the binding affinity of the enzyme to the cofactor, and thereby the cofactor is required at a higher concentration to restore normal enzyme activity.
which specialized senses, do not rely on hair-like appearing cell structures or cilia to transduce stimuli?
Answer: Touch.
Explanation:
Cilia are short, mobile prolongations which contain a central structure made up of microtubules and proteins, enveloped by the cytosol and the plasma membrane. They are involved in cell movement, transport of materials, displacement of fluids, among others. Cilia are important for many biological processes, such as the senses of taste, hearing, smell, sight and balance.
For example, each taste bud of the tongue is made up of a set of cells, among which are the taste cells that have cilia that come into contact with the substances dissolved in the mouth by saliva. As for the sense of hearing, when there is a sound, the endolymph in the cochlea moves and this stimulates the cilia of the internal sensitive cells, which communicate with the acoustic nerve that informs the brain of what the sound is like. In the sense of smell, the receptors are the olfactory cilia of the olfactory neurons, which are located in the mucosa of the upper portion of the nostril, above the level of the superior concha. In the sense of vision, cones and rods are the two types of photoreceptor cells that capture light energy and convert it into electrical signals. They are highly specialized cells and can be differentiated into several regions: an outer segment, an inner segment containing the nucleus and a synaptic terminal. The outer segments are modified cilia and consist of flattened membranous sacs or disks. As for the balance system, the vestibular system consists of the utricle and the saccule, which are chamber-shaped organs filled with endolymph. The maculae of the saccule are located in a vertical plane and effectively capture the accelerations of the upward and downward movements of the head, and therefore of the gravitational forces. The hair cells of the maculae are responsible for transforming the mechanical energy produced by movement into nerve signals. The activity of these cells is determined by their morphofunctional polarization or ciliary organization, which is different in the utricle and in the saccule.
Thus, the only sense that does not depend on cilia to transmit stimuli is touch. The skin contains nerve endings, as well as glands, blood vessels and hair follicles. These nerve endings detect pain, touch, pressure and temperature.
Cells control or regulate the flux through metabolic pathways by means of I. allosteric control of enzymes. II. covalent modification of enzymes. III. genetic control of the concentrations of enzymes. IV. genetic expression of allosteric regulators.
Answer:
I, II, III
Explanation:
Allosteric regulation is a common mechanism of regulation of enzyme activity, which generally involves key enzymes in metabolic pathways. Allosteric modulation occurs when a substance/molecule called 'allosteric regulator' binds to an enzyme at a site other than the enzyme's active site, thereby triggering a conformational change in the enzyme and thus affecting its activity. Moreover, covalent modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, etc, are also involved in the regulation of enzymatic activity in metabolic pathways. For example, phosphorylation is a type of reversible covalent modification of proteins consisting of the addition of phosphate groups at specific amino acid residues (i.e., serine, threonine, and tyrosine) by specific enzymes known as protein kinases. Phosphorylation alters the three-dimensional (3D) structure of proteins, thereby turning the substrate or cellular pathway to active and/or inactive. Finally, both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms are also able to control the expression of enzymes involved in signaling pathways. Transcriptional mechanisms are capable of limiting the amount of mRNA that is produced from a given gene (in this case, an enzyme encoding gene), whereas post-transcriptional mechanisms such as, for example, RNA interference pathways, control the translation of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules into proteins.
Fertilization, Fruit and Seed Formation x3 3. a. name the two processes that lead to seed formation in flowering
Answer:
Pollination, the transfer of pollen from flower-to-flower in angiosperms or cone ... In angiosperms, the process of seed development begins with double ...
Missing: x3 | Must include: x3
The nitrogen cycle is the using and reusing of nitrogen in an ecosystem. True or false?
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Nitrogen is a fundamental component of both inorganic and organic compounds, where it is the main constituent of biomolecules such as nucleic acids (DNA, RNA) and proteins. The nitrogen cycle refers to the biogeochemical processes by which nitrogen circulates between the components of an ecosystem, i.e., between organisms (like plants and decomposers), and non-living things (i.e., soil, water, air). This cycle consists of several processes which include, among others, nitrogen fixation (i.e., the process by which nitrogen in the atmosphere is converted into ammonia), nitrification (i.e., the oxidation of ammonia is oxidized into nitrite and subsequent transformation of nitrites into nitrates), denitrification (where nitrate is reduced), anaerobic ammonia oxidation and putrefaction.
The body regulates the amount of hormones are released by using feedback loops. A __ feedback loop increases the response whereas a __ feedback loop decreases the response.
Positive feedback loop increases the response whereas a negative feedback loop decreases the response.
What is positive feedback?Positive feedback is the amplification of a body's response to a stimulus. For example, in childbirth, when the head of the fetus pushes up against the cervix (1) it stimulates a nerve impulse from the cervix to the brain (2).
A feedback mechanism resulting in the inhibition or the slowing down of a process.
Examples of processes that utilise negative feedback loops include homeostatic systems, such as thermoregulation (if body temperature changes, mechanisms are induced to restore normal levels), blood sugar regulation (insulin lowers blood glucose when levels are high ,glucagon raises blood glucose when levels are low).
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What is a function of the integumentary system?
1 forms blood clots
2 grows new tissue
3 absorbs water
4 break down chemical bonds in food
Answer:
absorbs water is a function of the integumentary system. hope it help you.
A function of the integumentary system is to grow new tissues. Thus, the correct option B.
What is the Integumentary system?The integumentary system may be defined as a unique type of system that primarily consists of the skin, hair, nails, and exocrine glands. It is the set of organs that construct an outermost layer of an animal or human body.
The integumentary system plays a significant role in the growth of new tissues within the body. The cells of the skin generally hold the mechanism of renewal or replacement of injured or damaged cells which are present on the epidermis part of a specific organ.
The integumentary system also protects the body from infections, and injuries provide defense against pathogens, etc.
Therefore, a function of the integumentary system is to grow new tissues. Thus, the correct option B.
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The image below shows a club fungus. A club fungus has an erect, above-ground fruiting body and long, branching, underground hyphae.
How do the structures of the fruiting body and hyphae relate to their functions?
A.
The fruiting body is tall to allow for spore dispersal, while the hyphae are branched to increase the absorption of nutrients.
B.
The fruiting body is curved to help the uptake of decaying plant material, while the hyphae are long to increase gas exchange.
C.
The fruiting body is tall to maximize photosynthesis, while the hyphae are branched to support the release of waste products.
D.
The fruiting body is curved to improve absorption of water, while the hyphae are long to allow for reproduction.
Answer:
The fruiting body is curved to improve absorption of water, while the hyphae are long to allow for reproduction.May 12, 2020
Explanation:
If it helps you mark me as a brainleast
Answer:
Explanation:
d
Classify the descriptions as pertaining to nucleosides, nucleotides, or both nucleosides and nucleotides.
a. Do not contain a phosphate group
b. The product when a base bonds to carbon 1 of ribose or deoxyribose
c. Contain a base and a monosaccharide monosaccharide, and a phosphate group
The correct description is as follows:
Do not contain a phosphate group - nucleosidesThe product when a base bonds to carbon 1 of ribose or deoxyribose - nucleosideContain a base and a monosaccharide and a phosphate group - nucleotidesWhat is a nucleoside and nucleotide?Nucleoside is a a compound consisting of a nitrogenous base (purine or pyrimidine) linked to a sugar e.g. adenosine.
Nucleotide is a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group i.e. nucleoside + phosphate group = nucleotide
Therefore,
A substance that do not contain a phosphate group - nucleosidesThe product when a base bonds to carbon 1 of ribose or deoxyribose - nucleosideA substance that contain a base and a monosaccharide and a phosphate group - nucleotidesLearn more about nucleotides at: https://brainly.com/question/13185536
can anyone explain what is stroke volume?
No spam
Answer:
The definition of stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart during each systolic cardiac contraction.
Explanation:
The stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped from the left ventricle per beat. It is calculated by using the measurements of ventricle volume from echocardiogram and subtracting the end systolic volume from end diastolic volume.
Answer:
Stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart during each systolic cardiac contraction
Explanation:
The left ventricle is one of the four chambers in the heart that pumps blood full of oxygen to the body. Stroke volume is basically how much blood pumps out of it per beat.
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Why is it important to have a taxonomy or classification of types of collection and how does that help us understand the development of collection strategies, technologies, collection planning, and methods of collection
Answer:
Classifying and characterizing various types of collection helps us to identify and understand the capabilities and limitations of each type.
Explanation:
By understanding these factors, we are better able to request support, layer collections, and provide a complete collection plan that best addresses our intelligence gaps. Collection strategies ultimately start with these gaps. By understanding all of your available collection capabilities, you can more effectively manage these assets to accomplish the mission. In most cases, you will not be able to have every type of asset or collection medium under the sun, so it becomes even more critical to understand the strengths and weaknesses of those available. Doing so will help a collection manager most effectively utilize the assets available to them to accomplish the collective organizational mission or end state. Without characterization and classification, you cannot fully understand and thus employ the myriad of tools available effectively (Found on a site not mine)
Taxonomy allows us to organize and categorize collections based on their characteristics, which makes it easier to understand the various types of collections that exist and to compare them.
What is taxonomy?All of the world's plants, animals, and microorganisms are included in taxonomy, which is the science of naming, describing, and classifying species.
For a number of reasons, taxonomy, or the classification of collection kinds, is crucial.
Secondly, taxonomy enables us to classify and organize collections based on their traits, which facilitates comprehension of the numerous sorts of collections that exist and allows for simpler comparison.
To ensure that collections are properly managed, preserved, and available for future generations, taxonomy is an essential tool for understanding the development of collection strategies, technologies, planning, and techniques of collecting.
Thus, it is important to have a taxonomy or classification of types of collection.
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Digestion is primarily controlled by the _____.
What is the fubtion of the nerves
Answer:
carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord and the rest of the body
OR
it is a bundle of fibers that receives and sends message between the body and the brain
Answer:
The nervous system is the body's primary governing, regulating, and communication system. It is the hub of all mental activity, such as thinking, learning, and remembering. The nervous system, together with the endocrine system, is in charge of regulating and maintaining homeostasis.
OAmalOHopeO
What else is produced during the replacement reaction of silver nitrate and potassium sulfate?
2AgNO3 + K2SO4 Ag2SO4 + ________
KNO3
2KNO3
K2
2AgNO3
Answer:
2KNO3
Explanation:
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Answer:
The answer is B.) 2KNO3
Explanation:
During the performance of the simple staining procedure, you failed to heat fix your E-coli smear preparation. Upon microscopic examination , how would you expect this slide to differ from the correctly prepared slides ?
OMG I'm a business study Student so I really don't know about this stuff
Which of the following is true about oncogenes
Answer:
genes involved in the cell cycle following a mutation become oncogenes.
Carnivore that feeds on primary consumers
Question 3 Multiple Choice Worth 3 points
(01.01 LC)
Which of the following is an example of a decomposer?
What will the percentage of cytosine be in this segment of DNA?
Answer:
15%
Together, adenine and thymine compose 70% of the segment. This means that 30% of the section is composed of guanine-cytosine pairs. Since these two bases will be equal in quantity, 15% of the DNA section will be cytosine bases.
When the concentration of ADH increases, __________.
Explanation:
Less urine is produced this will help u
What do MSDS sheets do, in your own words
Answer: The MSDS lists the hazardous ingredients of a product, its physical and chemical characteristics (e.g. flammability, explosive properties), its effect on human health, the chemicals with which it can adversely react, handling precautions, the types of measures that can be used to control exposure
Explanation:
The Calvin Cycle can best be described as which type of reaction?
Answer:
In plants, carbon dioxide (CO2) enters the chloroplast through the stomata and diffuses into the stroma of the chloroplast—the site of the Calvin cycle reactions where sugar is synthesized. ... This type of reaction is called a reduction reaction, because it involves the gain of electrons.
which life cycle stage is found in plants but not animals
Answer:
Multicellular haploidOAmalOHopeO
Plants have multicellular haploid and multicellular diploid stages in their life cycle.
Gametes develop in the multicellular haploid gametophyte . Fertilization gives rise to a multicellular diploid sporophyte, which produces haploid spores via meiosis.What is multicellular haploid stage?The haploid multicellular stage produces specialized haploid cells by mitosis that fuse to form a diploid zygote.The zygote undergoes meiosis to produce haploid spores. Each spore gives rise to a multicellular haploid organism by mitosis.To know more about diploid stage here
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A postsynaptic neuron has three presynaptic inputs - from neurons X, Y and Z. When X, Y, and Z are stimulated simultaneously, the postsynaptic neuron reaches threshold and undergoes an action potential. What is this process called?
Answer:
Summation
Explanation:
Presynaptic neurons release chemical signals called neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft in order to trigger graded potentials in the postsynaptic neuron. Some neurotransmitters produce excitatory post-synaptic potentials, whereas other neurotransmitters generate inhibitory post-synaptic potentials. Summation refers to the process that determines whether an action potential is generated by the combined effects of excitatory and/or inhibitory signals. The summation can be temporal or spatial regarding the number of cells communicating with the neuron. Temporal summation occurs when a presynaptic terminal is stimulated repeatedly in rapid succession. On the other hand, spatial summation occurs when excitatory potentials fire from different presynaptic neurons.
A boatload of Swedish tourists, all of whom bear the MM blood group, is marooned on Haldane Island, where they are met by an equally sized population of Islanders, all bearing blood group NN. In time, the castaways become integrated into Island society. Assuming random mating, no mutation, no selection (based on blood group), and no genetic drift, what would you expect the blood group distribution to be among 4000 progeny of the new Haldane Island population
Answer:
1000 MM individuals; 2000 MN individuals; 1000 NN individuals
Explanation:
The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that, under certain conditions, the frequency of alleles and genotypes in a sexually reproducing population will remain constant over generations. The Hardy-Weinberg assumptions include random mating, sexual reproduction, and the absence of evolutionary forces such as mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift (as in the example above). Under these conditions, the frequency of alleles and genotypes in a population will not change and tend to the equilibrium. In this case, under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of the M allele or 'p' must be equal to 0.5, and the frequency of the N allele or 'q' must be equal to 0.5 (i.e., the sum of all allele frequencies in the population must be equal to 1). Moreover, the frequencies of the genotypes will be p², 2pq, and q² >> p² (MM genotype) = (0.5)² = 0.25; q² (NN genotype) = (0.5)² = 0.25; and 2 x p x q (MN genotype) = 2 x 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.50. In consequence, under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, in a population of 4000 diploid individuals (8000 alleles), we have
- 4000 M alleles (M = 0.5) and 4000 N alleles (N = 0.5);
- 1000 MM individuals [p² >> (0.5)² = 0.25]; 2000 MN individuals (2pq >> 2 x 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.5) and 1000 NN individuals [q² >> (0.5)² = 0.25].
Compared with a eukaryotic cell, a prokaryotic cell Select one:______
a. lacks organelles beyond ribosomes.
b. is larger.
c. does not require energy.
d. is not living.
e. has no method of movement.
A man bought a goldfish in a pet shop. Upon returning home, he put the goldfish in a bowl of recently boiled water that had been cooled quickly. A few minutes later the fish was found dead. Explain what happened to the fish
Answer:
lack of oxygen in the water
Explanation:
The fish most likely died from lack of oxygen in the water. This is because fishes actually use their gills to extract and breathe in the oxygen from the water while also expelling carbon dioxide from their lungs. Similar to how humans breathe. When the water was boiled it caused the dissolved gases to be expelled, which includes oxygen. Therefore, without the necessary oxygen in the water, the fish ultimately suffocated.
Boiling the water reduce its amount of dissolved oxygen which is needed by the fish to breathe, that's why the fish died after few minutes.
What is dissolved oxygen?Dissolved oxygen is the amount of oxygen present in the water.
The organisms live to consume dissolved oxygen to breathe.
The amount of dissolved oxygen is high in the current water like rivers than in the still water like pond.
If the amount of DO is high in the water, it causes bubble gas disease in the aquatic organisms.
If the amount of DO is low in the water than, fishes and other aquatic organism cant survive due to low oxygen level.
Thus, boiling the water reduce its amount of dissolved oxygen which is needed by the fish to breathe, that's why the fish died after few minutes.
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