The team nursing model promotes collaboration, efficiency, continuity, adaptability, and professional growth, ultimately enhancing the quality of nursing care provided to patients.
Collaboration and Shared Responsibility: Team nursing promotes collaboration among healthcare professionals, including registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and nursing assistants. It allows for shared responsibility in providing patient care, with each team member contributing their skills and expertise. This collaborative approach can enhance communication, coordination, and overall effectiveness of care.
Efficient Workload Distribution: In team nursing, tasks and responsibilities are distributed among team members based on their qualifications and skills. This allows for more efficient workload distribution, ensuring that patient needs are met promptly. It helps prevent nursing staff from becoming overwhelmed and promotes better time management.
Enhanced Continuity of Care: With team nursing, multiple team members are involved in the care of a patient. This can lead to improved continuity of care as there are multiple individuals familiar with the patient's condition, needs, and preferences. It helps ensure that care is consistent and uninterrupted even when individual team members are not available.
Flexibility and Adaptability: The team nursing model allows for flexibility and adaptability in providing care. Team members can collaborate and adjust their approach based on changing patient needs, unexpected events, or fluctuations in workload. This flexibility helps ensure that care is responsive to the dynamic nature of healthcare settings.
Professional Growth and Learning Opportunities: Team nursing encourages ongoing professional growth and learning among team members. It provides opportunities for knowledge sharing, skill development, and cross-training. Team members can learn from each other's expertise and experiences, fostering a supportive and learning-oriented environment.
Cost-Effective Care: By utilizing the skills and resources of multiple team members, team nursing can contribute to cost-effective care delivery. It optimizes the utilization of available personnel, reduces duplication of efforts, and promotes efficient use of resources, which can result in cost savings for healthcare organizations.
So, the team nursing model promotes collaboration, efficiency, continuity, adaptability, and professional growth, ultimately enhancing the quality of nursing care provided to patients.
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Dull, achy abdominal pain that is difficult to locate is called:
A. somatic.
B. parietal.
C. visceral.
D. radiating.
Dull, achy abdominal pain that is difficult to locate is called visceral. So, option C) is the correct answer.
Dull, achy abdominal pain that is difficult to locate is referred to as visceral pain. Visceral pain arises from the internal organs and is often described as a deep, vague, or poorly localized discomfort. It is typically caused by stretching, distension, or inflammation of the organs and is transmitted through the autonomic nervous system.
Somatic pain is pain that originates from the skin, muscles, or other structures associated with the body's surface. It is usually well-localized and can be described as sharp or throbbing.
Parietal pain refers to pain that arises from the parietal peritoneum, the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity. Parietal pain is often sharp, well-localized, and aggravated by movement or pressure.
Radiating pain is pain that extends or spreads from its origin to other areas of the body. It can occur in various types of pain, including somatic and visceral pain.
Therefore, the correct answer is C. Visceral.
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Which is not an extrapyramidal effect of using antipsychotic medications to treat schizophrenia?
A. Parkinsonian-type symptoms
B. Huntington's-type symptoms
C. neuroleptic malignant syndrome
D. tardive dyskinesia
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is not an extrapyramidal effect of using antipsychotic medications to treat schizophrenia.
The extrapyramidal effects of using antipsychotic medications to treat schizophrenia include Parkinsonian-type symptoms, Huntington's-type symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia. However, neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is not considered an extrapyramidal effect of antipsychotic medications.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition that can occur as a severe reaction to antipsychotic medications. It is characterized by a combination of symptoms, including high fever, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, autonomic dysfunction (e.g., rapid heart rate, fluctuating blood pressure), and evidence of muscle breakdown (elevated creatine kinase levels).
NMS is considered an idiosyncratic reaction to antipsychotic medications, and its exact cause is not fully understood. It is believed to involve dysregulation of dopamine receptors and disruption of the central thermoregulatory mechanisms. NMS can occur with both typical (first-generation) and atypical (second-generation) antipsychotics.
On the other hand, the extrapyramidal effects mentioned in options A, B, and D are commonly associated with antipsychotic medication use.
Parkinsonian-type symptoms resemble Parkinson's disease and can include bradykinesia (slowness of movement), rigidity, resting tremors, and postural instability. These symptoms result from the blockade of dopamine receptors in the basal ganglia.
Huntington's-type symptoms, also known as hyperkinetic or dyskinetic symptoms, are characterized by abnormal involuntary movements such as chorea (dance-like movements) and dystonia (sustained muscle contractions leading to abnormal postures).
Tardive dyskinesia is a delayed-onset side effect of long-term antipsychotic use, characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements of the face, tongue, lips, and limbs. It can be irreversible even after discontinuation of the medication.
In conclusion, the correct answer is C).
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With regard to pulse oximetry, the more hypoxic a patient becomes:
A. the slower his or her PaO2 will fall.
B. the slower he or she will desaturate.
C. the less reliable the pulse oximeter is.
D. the faster he or she will desaturate.
With regard to pulse oximetry, the more hypoxic a patient becomes: D. the faster he or she will desaturate.
Pulse oximetry is a non-invasive method used to measure the oxygen saturation (SpO2) level in a patient's blood. Oxygen saturation represents the percentage of hemoglobin in the blood that is bound to oxygen. As a patient becomes more hypoxic (oxygen-deprived), their oxygen saturation level decreases. This means that there is a lower amount of oxygen being carried by the hemoglobin in their blood.
The rate at which a patient's oxygen saturation decreases depends on the severity of their hypoxia. In other words, the more hypoxic a patient becomes, the faster their oxygen saturation will drop. Therefore, as hypoxia worsens, the patient will desaturate more rapidly, indicating a decline in their oxygen saturation level. This is an important consideration in monitoring patients who are at risk of developing severe hypoxemia or respiratory compromise.
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anemia of chronic renal failure can be successfully treated with which element?
Anemia of chronic renal failure can be successfully treated with erythropoietin.
Anemia of chronic renal failure is a common problem in patients with chronic kidney disease, which can significantly reduce their quality of life. Erythropoietin is a hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. However, in patients with chronic renal failure, the kidneys are damaged and cannot produce sufficient erythropoietin, leading to anemia. Synthetic erythropoietin, or erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs), can be given to these patients to stimulate the production of red blood cells and correct anemia. ESAs have been shown to be effective in treating anemia of chronic renal failure and can improve the quality of life of patients by reducing the need for blood transfusions and improving their energy levels. However, it is important to avoid overtreatment with ESAs, as this can increase the risk of cardiovascular events. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully monitor the patient's response to ESA therapy and adjust the dose as needed.
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Which of the following statements regarding weight gain during pregnancy is FALSE?
a) The weight of the infant at birth accounts for about 25% of the mother's weight gain during pregnancy.
b) A healthy, normal-weight woman should gain 25-35 pounds during pregnancy.
c) The most variable source of weight gain is in the amount of maternal fat stored.
d) The mom's weight will reduce to near normal once the infant is born.
The FALSE statement regarding weight gain during pregnancy is d) The mom's weight will reduce to near normal once the infant is born.
During pregnancy, it is expected for a woman to gain weight to support the growing fetus and meet the physiological changes in her body. However, after giving birth, it takes time for a woman's body to return to its pre-pregnancy state, and weight loss varies for each individual.
After childbirth, a woman typically loses some weight immediately due to the delivery of the baby, placenta, and amniotic fluid. However, other factors contribute to the total weight gained during pregnancy, and it may take several weeks or months to achieve weight loss and return to pre-pregnancy weight.
Factors such as retained fluid, uterus size reduction, breastfeeding, and lifestyle choices can influence postpartum weight loss. It is important to note that weight loss should occur gradually and in a healthy manner, as rapid weight loss can have negative effects on a woman's overall health and well-being, especially if she is breastfeeding.
Therefore, option d is a false statement. It is not accurate to assume that a woman's weight will automatically reduce to near normal once the infant is born.
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which term means a malignant new growth of epithelial cells?
The term that refers to a malignant new growth of epithelial cells is carcinoma.
Carcinoma is a type of cancer that occurs in epithelial tissues, which are tissues that cover the surface of the body, line internal organs, and form glands. It is the most common type of cancer found in humans.
A carcinoma begins in the epithelial cells, which are the cells that line the surfaces of organs and tissues.
These cells are found in many different parts of the body, including the skin, lungs, liver, pancreas, and other organs. Carcinomas can be further classified based on the type of epithelial cells involved.
For example, adenocarcinomas develop from glandular tissues, squamous cell carcinomas develop from flat cells that make up the skin and lining of organs, and transitional cell carcinomas develop from cells that line the bladder, ureters, and other organs.
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