What are the two main categories of mutations that occur in humans? Name and define the two types?

When conducting an experiment, you need to have a question or a problem such as what is the cause of the disease. Then, you need to state a hypothesis to make a prediction, like the disease was caused by bacteria. You also need to define the variables involved in the experiment: independent -such as the infected blood used to inject chickens-, dependent -like the chickens response to the infected blood-. Then, according to the results -for instance, the experimental and the controlled groups were equally affected by the disease-, you can accept or reject your original hypothesis. During the experiment there will surge new questions to answer, and new hypothesis to test. In the exposed example, for instance, Dr. Eijkman can test his new hypothesis by injecting bacteria to a group of animals fed with wholegrain rice, and to another group of animals fed with polished rice.    

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When conducting an experiment, there are different aspects to consider, such as the question that drives to the reseach, the hypothesis, theoretical framework, variables involved -independent, dependent, and controll-, methodology, study groups, data analisys, among others.        

You need to consider,

• Definition and problem statement. The question for which there is not an answer yet.

• Hypothesis formulation. A hypothesis is a scientific conjecture, not verified, that requires corroboration.

• Data collection and analysis. This step involves testing the observations.

• Results

• Verification of hypothesis. This step involves the deriving of the working hypothesis.

• Discussion and Conclusion.

Available data:

1. The first question made was What is the real cause of the beriberi disease?

2. The original hypothesis was that the disease was caused by a bacteria, and if so, healthy chickens injected with infected blood, would also get the disease.

3. The manipulated or independent variable was the infected blood used to inject the chickens. The responding or dependent variable was the reaction or response of the chickens to the injected blood.    

4. Results: Both, the experimental and the controlled group, were equally affected by the disease. Even when the controlled group was not injected with the affected blood, it got the disease too.

5. Dr. Eijkman new hypothesis is that chickens fed with polished rice will get sick because of the thiamine lack. He can test this new hypothesis by injecting bacteria to a group of animals that are being fed with wholegrain rice that has all the necessary vitamins, and injecting bacteria to another group of animals being fed with polished rice that lacks  thiamine. If the new hypothesis is correct, the first wholegrain rice group should resist the bacteria attack, while the second polished rice group should get the disease.

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Beri-beri is a disease resulting from a lack of vitamin B1 in the human body. This condition occurs, in particular, in people who eat mainly white rice (rice without shell) and some other types of grain crops. In modern society, the disease is rare due to the fact that a sufficient amount of vitamins comes from food.

Vitamin B1 contributes to the normal course of carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Its deficiency leads to the accumulation of pyruvic acid in the human blood and its increased concentration in the nervous system. The consequence of such a biochemical metabolic disorder is damage to the nervous system ("dry beriberi"), as well as damage to the cardiovascular system ("wet beriberi").

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Answer:

Acute diarrhea normally only lasts a few days. ORT does not stop the diarrhoea, but it replaces the lost fluids and essential salts thus preventing or treating dehydration and reducing the danger. The glucose contained in ORS solution enables the intestine to absorb the fluid and the salts more efficiently.

Explanation:

ORT does not stop the diarrhoea, but it replaces the lost fluids and essential salts thus preventing or treating dehydration and reducing the danger. The glucose contained in ORS solution enables the intestine to absorb the fluid and the salts more efficiently.

Answer:

This is an example of biotechnology because it seeks to solve a societal problem using biological entities.

Explanation:

I don't really have an explanation but basically, your solving a societal problem and to solve it your using biological entities.

I hope this helps!

(And also, i really don't care about being marked as Branliest. You can do it if you want but i just help people because i like it :)

Answer:

option.c

Explanation:

It is correct

The three types of rock particles that make up soil are sand, clay, and silt. Thus, the correct option is C.

Rock particles may be defined as those particles that are formed by the weathering of sedimentary rocks and construct small tiny particles.

In the production of soil, water molecules and atmospheric air are not required significantly. The gathering of tiny rock particles constitutes the formation of soil.

Therefore, the correct option is C.

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Answer:

A clade is a grouping that includes a common ancestor and all the descendant species of that ancestor. Clades are differentiated visually based on where they branch off from one another.

Explanation:

A clade is a grouping that includes a common ancestor and all the descendants (living and extinct) of that ancestor. Using a phylogeny, it is easy to tell if a group of lineages forms a clade. Imagine clipping a single branch off the phylogeny — all of the organisms on that pruned branch make up a clade.

Clades are nested within one another — they form a nested hierarchy. A clade may include many thousands of species or just a few. Some examples of clades at different levels are marked on these phylogenies. Notice how clades are nested within larger clades

Answer:

A clade is a monophyletic grouping in which all the organisms stem from the same branching point.

Explanation:

The organisms in a clade must all stem from the same branching point in evolutionary history, as represented in the phylogenetic tree.

Answer:

This is an example of biotechnology because it seeks to solve a societal problem using biological entities.

Answer:

A=Cornea

B=Retina(rods and cones)

C=Sclerotic

D=Iris

E=Optic nerve

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Answer:

no effect on the atmosphere

Nigerian way

Answer:

What effect will that have on the residence time of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

Individual Carbon Dioxide molecules will be in the atmosphere for less time as it is rapidly being cleared and produce.

What effect will it have on the total amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

None, because humans are producing more as they remove it.

PLASMA

Plasma is the main component of blood and consists mostly of water, with proteins, ions, nutrients, and wastes mixed in.

hope this helps

Answer:

Plasma

Explanation:

Plasma is usually given to trauma, burn and shock patients. It helps boost the patient's blood volume, which can prevent shock, and helps with blood clotting. It is also the single largest component of human blood, comprising about 55 percent, and contains water, salts, enzymes, antibodies and other proteins.

The Life Cycle

Hope that helped!!! k

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Answer:

Precipitation:

At the right atmospheric conditions of pressure and temperature the small droplets of water forms the large droplets in the cloud and falls down to earth, this phenomenon or process known as precipitation.

Runoff:

As the water falls due to precipitation termed as rainfall which usually streams down the earth to various water bodies such as lakes, rivers and oceans. This is known as runoff.

Infiltration:

the movement or going back under the surface of the earth or ground is known as infiltration and it is necessary to maintain ground level of water.

Transpiration:

The roots of the plants absorbs the water that went through the soil which move to various part of the plant body from their it evaporates and move to the atmosphere. It is known as transpiration.

Evaporation:

This process takes place when water converts from the liquid state to the gaseous state.

Condensation:

Condensation is takes place when conversion of gaseous state into the liquid state.

Precipitation again and cycle keep moving.

Answer:

Water always takes the path of least resistance. You ask to much for just 4 pts. All the terms you want outlined can simply be found in a DICTIONARY.

Explanation:

The nucleus, contains the genetic information which is passed down from one generation into the next.

Nucleus. The nucleus serves as the cell's command center, sending directions to the cell to grow, mature, divide, or die. It also houses DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), the cell's hereditary material.

Thus, option "A" is correct.

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Answer:

Ego

Explanation:

Answer:

Hypothesis: If mucus production in the submucosal layer of the esophagus is insufficient, cell longevity is affected, because it interferes with the quality of connective tissue.

Explanation:

In a scientific research the hypothesis is an assumption, a possibility that will justify the purpose of the scientific research and will help in the establishment of all the steps of this research, so that it is possible to determine if the hypothesis is true or false. In other words, we can say that the hypothesis must be formulated as an assumption, before the research that will prove it or not.

An example of a hypothesis about research on the longevity of cells that line the esophagus is: "If mucus production in the submucosal layer of the esophagus is insufficient, cell longevity is affected, because it interferes with the quality of connective tissue."

Answer:

h is cornea

a is choroid

c is retina

f is iris

d is optic nerve

Answer:

Because humans are multicellular, eukaryotic (contains a nucleus), vertebrates, and mammals, the best organism to test the synthetic hormones on would be a mouse.

Explanation:

Humans and whales are multicellular (they have many cells) and their cells are eukaryotic (contain a nucleus). They also have a backbone (spinal column), which makes them a vertebrate. Finally, all humans and whales are mammals. Therefore, to get the best results, the testing should be performed on a mouse.

Answer:

Protein formation is the transcription and mature exported by the cytoplasm it is translated, chain and folds is modified.

Explanation:

Protein performs a critical functions as protein or hormones are crucial biological components,protein can be divide into two phase translation and transaction.

Protein is that production of cellular protein process inside the cell balancing is core biological process,transcription is the section of DNA encoding a protein converted by the messenger RNA.

Protein is the must form a functional protein correctly in a produce  a functional active site, function is located by the cell and protein to interact other protein.

Protein is the key role to play in the human body in disease change in this process causes of  disease,protein are used to production of other proteins and by controlling protein synthesis.

Protein is that long chains and they amino acid can be in any order, function of protein  dependent on the protein shape, protein is the part of the membrane and ejected the cell.  

Answer:

A. The rate levels off

Answer:

Geological processes" are defined as the natural forces that changes the shape of Earth. Several geological processes include erosion, sedimentation and chemical weathering that affect the Earth’s surface.

So, the geological processes such as plate tectonics and erosion et-cetra are occurring long time and still occurring in the Earth environment.

Answer:

more food means more of the species would stay alive longer so that would mean obviously more mating and mutations.

Explanation:

Answer:

Phytoplankton.

Explanation:

Phytoplankton, which is Greek for "drifting plants" are microscopic, one-celled organisms that drift in the sunlit areas in the oceans and they are key to bringing carbon down into the ocean biological pump from the atmosphere via the process of photosynthesis.

Phytoplankton are super important! They generate about 50% of the atmosphere's oxygen, which is the same amount as all land plants combined. They also form the base of virtually every ocean food web. In short, phytoplankton makes other ocean (and land) life possible.

Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it has elevated levels of hydrogen ions. It can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, and infrastructure.

Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain.

Air pollution like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides can cause respiratory diseases, or can make these diseases worse. Respiratory diseases like asthma or chronic bronchitis make it hard for people to breathe.

Acid rain leaches aluminum from the soil. That aluminum may be harmful to plants as well as animals. Acid rain also removes minerals and nutrients from the soil that trees need to grow.

The ecological effects of acid rain are most clearly seen in aquatic environments, such as streams, lakes, and marshes where it can be harmful to fish and other wildlife. As it flows through the soil, acidic rain water can leach aluminum from soil clay particles and then flow into streams and lakes.

Answer:

When rain water has a lower pH(acidic) than usual it is considered acid rain.

Rain water becomes acidic when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the atmosphere. They cause a chemical reaction with water, oxygen, and other chemical in the atmosphere to form sulfuric and nitric acids which then mix with water and fall down as rain.

Acid rain causes air pollution which can cause respiratory diseases. This can cause difficulty in breathing. Acid rain causes asthma, chronic bronchitis and pneumonia.  

Acid rain removes nutrient from the soil, trees need these in order to be healthy. It separates aluminum from the soil which destroy plant root tips, this makes it difficult for trees to take up water.

Acid rain reduces the pH of water in aquatic systems which is harmful to marine animals. It kills many fish and other creatures that fish eat. It separates aluminum from the soil which drains into water system. The  aluminium is toxic to fish in acid waters. It causes damage to the gill which effects the respiratory system of the fish and the fish dies.

Acid rain is affecting most of the places on earth.

Answer:

Yeah. As the population increases, we will need more water to drink. So, Humans use more aquatic resources as the population increases.

Explanation:

Answer:

Humans use more aquatic resources as the population increases

Explanation:

Answer:

It is 50% chance that a daughter has hemophilia because the question is What percent chance a daughter has it,so out of the two possible genotype for a girl , one of them will be a carrier of hemophilia and the other will exhibit the disease making it a 50% or 1/2 chance

Explanation:

Hemophilia is an X-related recessive hereditary sickness that classically impacts men because of the presence of the most effective X chromosome in adult males. females are commonly vendors because of the presence of counterpart X chromosome, however, oftentimes manifestations of hemophilia are seen in heterozygous provider women.

If the son gets his mom's X chromosome with the hemophilia gene he may have hemophilia. If he inherits his mom's different X chromosome, he will have everyday blood clotting. So a provider's son has a 50% risk of getting hemophilia.

Examples of X-related recessive situations include purple-inexperienced color blindness and hemophilia A: red-green color blindness. crimson-green color blindness in reality manner that a person can not distinguish sun shades of purple and green (generally blue-green).

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Answer:

D

Explanation:

fungi are more closely related to bacteria than to archea

Answer:

C. Disruptive selection

Explanation:

Disruptive selection, also called diversifying selection, describes changes in population genetics in which extreme values for a trait are favored over intermediate values. In this case, the variance of the trait increases and the population is divided into two distinct groups. Two separate groups emerge.

Directional selection most likely to result in speciation. The correct option is B.

Speciation is the process by which a new plant or animal species emerges. When a group within a species separates from other members of its species, it develops its own distinct characteristics.

Speciation is the evolutionary process by which new and distinct species emerge. Species evolve through genetic modification. The new species is reproductively isolated from the previous species, which means it cannot mate with it.

Apple maggot flies - Originally only laid eggs on hawthorn apples, apple maggot flies now lay eggs on both hawthorn apples and other domestic apples in the United States.

The speciation is caused by one of the reason known as directional selection.

Thus, the correct option is B.

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Answer: The name must include the genus and species of the new organism. [It must be written in italics with the species name lowercase]