Answer:
Peer review involves subjecting the author's scholarly work and research to the scrutiny of other experts in the same field to check its validity and evaluate its suitability for publication. A peer review helps the publisher decide whether a work should be accepted.
Which describes the geological time of the first land plants? Conifers appeared after the first flowering plants. Conifers first appeared around 182 million years ago. The first flowering plants appeared around 240 million years ago. The first flowering plants were introduced toward the end of the Mesozoic era.
The geological time of the first land plants were introduced toward the end of the Mesozoic era.
What is Mesozoic era?This era is referred to as the age of Conifers and it lasted from about 252 to 66 million years ago.
In this era, there was the presence of most ancestors of plants and animals which is why it being a period where first land plants were introduced is appropriate.
Read more about Mesozoic era here https://brainly.com/question/4824228
After entering a dark room, you turn on a light switch, but the light does not come on. Please suggest three different hypothesis that might explain your observation. Please also note how you might test these hypotheses and describe what observation(s) may lead you to conclude that one of the hypothesis is correct.
Answer:
First hypothesis; may be the power is cut. ( no power supply) Second hypothesis; may be the light switch is defective ( wall switch not working )Third hypothesis; maybe the bulb is burnout ( light bulb may not be working )Explanation:
The three possible hypothesis for light not to turn on immediately after one on the switch are;
First hypothesis; may be the power is cut. ( no power supply) Second hypothesis; may be the light switch is defective ( wall switch not working )Third hypothesis; maybe the bulb is burnout ( light bulb may not be working )We test the first hypothesis, how?
We check if other electronics connected to the same sources of power supply as the bulb is working. If the electronics are not working, then the first hypothesis is correct but if they are working then the hypothesis fails and we move on to test the next hypothesis.
To test for the second hypothesis as the first hypothesis fails, we remove the bulb and fix it into another socket which has a working switch. If the bulb comes on then the second hypothesis is correct but if the bulb does not turn on then the hypothesis fails so we move on to test the third hypothesis.
As the bulb fails to turn on in our initial socket and a second bulb is fixed in that same socket and it came on, then the third hypothesis is correct.
The three hypotheses we can derive from entering a dark room, turning on a
light switch,and the light not coming on include
There may be no power source at that momentThe bulb may be faultyThe switch may be faultyA power source helps to provide energy to power up an appliance and where it is absent, the bulb won't light up.
A defect in the switch and bulb may also hinder the light from coming on as
the switch controls electric current flow while the bulb produces the light.
Read more about Hypothesis here https://brainly.com/question/12416923
If a cusp is lost during preparation, which matrix band would provide the best support while restoring
Answer:
I would use a specialized or preformed matrix for the posterior sector.
Explanation:
Losing a cusp is a much more critical situation, that is, there will be less tooth remnant and less resistance to functional and parafunctional forces.
The matrices that are usually used in the posterior sector are matrices that must be burnished and already come with a format to better restore the functional unit of the occlusal surface.
It is important to clarify that cusps are only in the posterior sector and not in the anterior sector.
The cusps, even if they have the most correct selection of the matrix, will fail in their restoration if they are not performed according to the patient's occlusion, under a good dental integration system such as adhesion through resins, and respecting the normal antomy of the piece to be restored.
Formula, name, and Group number of element needed for: (i) hypothyroidism - (ii) hypertension (iii) kidneys (iv) bones
Answer:
I) Hypothyroidism involves the insufficient production of thyroid in the thyroid gland which helps in the development of individuals. The element Iodine enhances the production of the thyroid.
I2- Iodine - Group number 17
Hypertension - Too much Salt which contains sodium in foods causes hypertension.
Na- Sodium- Group number 1
Bones require Calcium for its proper development and also helps to strengthen it.
Calcium - Ca- Group number 2
Kidney - Excess sodium in kidneys could result to kidney diseases which is why plenty of water should be taken to help the kidney from this element.
Na- Sodium- Group number 1
Which sequence shows a subsitutuon mutation
Answer: Actually the answer is D. It is supposed to be identical to the original, that is why it can be a substitute.
Explanation: I just took the test, this is 100% correct.
Brainliest please?
The sequence that shows substitution mutation is the sequence in option D.
What are the nucleotide bases?The DNA sequence is the sequence or pairing of DNA bases. RNA and DNA both are genetic materials and both are made up of nucleic acids made up of deoxyribose acid and iron is made up of ribonucleic acid.
DNA and RNA both contain four bases that are joined with hydrogen bond RNA contain uracil in the place of thymine and DNA contain timing all other bases are the same.
The base pairs are complementary to each other: Thymine: Adenine and cytosine: guanine. But in RNA, it is uracil with adenine. Guanine and cytosine are the same. So the adjacent base pairs will be adenine and uracil.
Therefore, the correct option is a sequence in option D.
To learn more about substitution mutation, refer to the link:
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#SPJ2
TIME PEM
01:57
The majority of early psychological research reflected the
A differences among males and females
В. concerns and interests of minorities
C. differences among various cultures
concerns and interests of white males
Genes, Chromosomes, and DNA Quick Check
If one half of a DNA molecule has 8 thymine bases, what else is also true about the DNA molecule? ( point)
There will be 16 total bases.
There will be 32 total bases.
There will be 8 adenine bases.
There will be 8 cytosine bases.
Answer:
There will be 8 adenine bases.
Explanation:
There are total of 4 nitrogenous bases present in a DNA that includes Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and Cytosine. These nitrogenous bases form complementary base pair in which, adenine form two hydrogen bonds with thymine and cytosine form three hydrogen bond with guanine.
So, if there are 8 thymine bases in a DNA (irrespective of half or full) then there will be 8 adenine bases, forming two hydrogen bond with each other.
Hence, the correct answer is "There will be 8 adenine bases."
explain the scientific theory of evolution and the evidence scientist found that proves it to be valid ?
Answer:
There are many theories
But main evidences are
Fossils of Plants animals and other organisms who lived on this planet at sometime. Oprain And Halden theory which suggests the chemical and biological evolution.How does your body know when cells are missing
Answer:
Receptors provide information to nervous system about missing cells.
Explanation:
Your body know when cells are missing due to nervous system. The network of nervous system spreads throughout human body which provide information about what is going on in the body. If the cells are missing due to injury, the nervous system gives instruction to the body to produce more cells and transported that cells to the region where these cell are required. So receptors are responsible to provide information to nervous system about missing cells.
The body knows cells are missing as a result of the receptors sending
to the central nervous system.
The human body consists of cells which have neurons. These neurons are
responsible for the passage of messages and information to other parts of
the body.
When a cell is missing from the body, signals are passed to the central
nervous system which consists of the brain and spinal cord and they then
relay impulses which helps to fix the issue so as to ensure optimal
functioning of the body.
Read more on https://brainly.com/question/17150388
HELPPPPP Which of the following pieces of evidence supports that species change due to certain genetic variations? Darwin's theory of evolution was incorrect, as it did not account for variation in a species. Natural selection causes variation but cannot cause the evolution of a new species. Mutation and natural selection both cause changes in a population. Changes in a population abruptly occur as a direct response to the environment.
Answer:
D. Mutation and natural selection both cause changes in a population
Explanation:
I just took the test. Good luck! :)
The two evidences that supports the fact that species change due to certain genetic variations are that mutation and natural selection both cause changes in a population.
What is natural selection?Natural selection is the postulation by Charles Darwin that organisms that are more adapted to their environment live longer and reproduce hence pass on their favorable traits to their offspring.
The two evidences that supports the fact that species change due to certain genetic variations are that mutation and natural selection both cause changes in a population.
Learn more about natural selection: https://brainly.com/question/1657375
Describe how protein functional groups can act as acid and base catalysts. How is it possible for a single amino acid side chain to function as both?
Answer:
By changing the transition state and pH of the medium
Explanation:
Enzymes are proteins that bind to their corresponding substrates at their active sites in order to form complexes that catalyze specific chemical reactions. A key feature of this process is the fact that both acid and base catalytic activities may be combined in the same reaction. The acceleration in the velocity of the enzymatic reaction due to the addition of acids and bases is known as acid–base catalysis, where the acid or base is not consumed during the reaction. For example, enzymes can partially transfer a proton to the medium, thus changing the transition state of the chemical reaction and also decreasing its pH.
Protein that accounts for why water can cross a membrane more quickly than expected is Group of answer choices
Answer:
The correct answer is "Aquaporin".
Explanation:
The missing options of this question are:
A. ATP synthetase
B. Aquaporin
C. The sodium-potassium pump
D. Integrin
The correct answer is option B. "Aquaporin".
Aquaporins are microscopic channels that belong to a family of proteins that form pores. Aquaporins are also known as water channels for its specific biological role of allowing water to cross the cell membrane. The presence of aquaporins explains why water can cross cell membrane more quickly than expected, since they function as regulators of water transference.
You are observing a sample of cells in the lab to determine why they did not
divide properly. You notice that the chromosomes are lined up in the middle
of the cell, and the spindle fibers have extended towards them, but have not
attached. What could be damaged?
Most adults should consume no more than 30 percent of their daily calories from fat. A person on a daily diet of 2,500 calories should get no more than how many calories from fat each day.
Answer:
750
Explanation:
30% of 2,500 is 750, therefore 750 calories is the maximum number one should get from fat each day.
Answer:
750 marry christmas break
Diatoms are mostly asexual members of the phytoplankton. Diatoms lack any organelles that might have the 9 + 2 pattern. They obtain their nutrition from functional chloroplasts, and each diatom is encased within two porous, glasslike valves. Which question would be most important for one interested in the day-to-day survival of individual diatoms?A) How does carbon dioxide get into these protists with their glasslike valves?B) How do diatoms get transported from one location on the water's surface layers to another location on the surface?C) How do diatoms with their glasslike valves keep from sinking into poorly lit waters?D) How do diatoms with their glasslike valves avoid being shattered by the action of waves?E) How do diatom sperm cells locate diatom egg cells?
Answer:
Diatoms are mostly asexual members of the phytoplankton. Diatoms lack any organelles that might have the 9 + 2 pattern. They obtain their nutrition from functional chloroplasts, and each diatom is encased within two porous, glasslike valves. Which question would be most important for one interested in the day-to-day survival of individual diatoms?
C) How do diatoms with their glasslike valves keep from sinking into poorly lit waters?
Explanation:
Diatoms are some of the most important organisms living on earth because of its role on the oxygen production in the planet earth. The question "how do diatoms with their glasslike valves keep from sinking into poorly lit waters?" Because of the way their nutrition is obtained from functional chloroplasts and the way them encased within two porous, glasslike valves.
Foodborne illness outbreaks can be caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites. Determine whether each outbreak was caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites.
a. A foodservice worker who doesn't wash his hands after handling contaminated seafood causes highly contagious tulike symptoms for passengers on a cruise ship
b. Raw oysters contaminated with Vibrio vulnicus.
c. An infected foodservice handler touches raw vegetables for a salad and transfers the condition that causes jaundice and liver damage to the customer who ordered the salad
d. A broken water main in a port town contaminates a boat's entre water supply with Cryptosporidium.
e. Prepackaged lettuce contaminated with Salmonella.
f. A broken meat thermometer ends up causing dinner guests to eat an undercooked pork roast infected with Thichinella spiralis.
Answer:
a. Undefined
b. Bacteria
c. Viruses
d. Parasite
e. Bacteria
f. Parasite
Explanation:
In the first case is imperative to obtain more information in order to determine the causes of this contagious disease (contaminated seafood may be associated with different types of infections).
Vibrio vulnificus is a Gram-negative pathogenic bacterium associated with the consumption of contaminated oysters. V. vulnificus causes gastroenteritis, necrotizing infections and invasive sepsis.
Jaundice is a condition caused by hepatitis A, B and E viruses, it is a disease associated with poor liver function and the destruction of red blood cells.
Cryptosporidium parvum is a protist parasite (Phylum Apicomplexa) that causes the diarrheal disease cryptosporidiosis. C. parvum parasite is present in contaminated foods and water.
Salmonella enterica is a Gram-negative bacterium transmitted by eating contaminated foods, which causes severe diarrhea, fever and abdominal pain. Salmonella infection may also cause inflammatory diseases and dehydration.
Thichinella spiralis is a parasitic nematode that causes the trichinosis, a disease where larvae migrate to muscle, thereby producing muscle pains and serious pathologies. Trichinosis is caused by eating undercooked meat from contaminated animals.
HELP!!! Plato Biology closed out and all I had left was Final. Anyone have examples of the 50 questions so I can study
Answer:
Explanation:
Are gender traits completely a result of societal expectations?
Are there any parts of the human body that get oxygen directly from the air and not from the blood?
Are there nuclear reactions going on in our bodies?
Can humans ever directly see a photon?
Can I turn my cat into a diamond?
Do blind people dream in visual images?
Do Kirlian photographs show the soul of an organism?
Do koalas eat honey like other bears?
Do poppy seeds contain narcotics?
Does the human body contain minerals?
How can the heart be strong enough to pump blood up your legs against gravity?
How can we differentiate so many different foods if we can only taste four flavors on our tongue: sweet, bitter, sour, and salty?
How can we unlock the 90% of our brain that we never use?
How did doctors create my belly button?
How did evolution ever lead ostriches to hide their head in the sand when an enemy approaches?
How do I turn on more parts of my brain and get smarter?
How do nerves control every organ and function in the body?
How do trees give earth all its oxygen?
How does the outer layer of skin cells on my finger detect when I am touching an object?
How long before genetic sequencing is able to tell us exactly how our children will look and act?
How long does it take our eyes to fully adapt to darkness?
How much water can a camel store in its hump?
How strong does a non-toxic odor have to be before it damages your sense of smell?
Is human blood ever any color other than red?
Is ionizing radiation always harmful?
Is it completely random whether a baby is a boy or a girl?
What are the five senses of the human body?
What chemicals can make human tissue regenerate in seconds?
What is it about a full moon that makes people do crazy things and commit crimes?
What is it about red that makes bulls so angry?
When did humans stop evolving?
When do birds use their teeth?
Where in my body is the original cell from which I was formed?
Why are bats blind?
Why are human brains the biggest?
Why are red, yellow, and blue the primary colors in painting but computer screens use red, green, and blue?
Why are veins blue?
Why can only certain parts of the tongue taste sweet flavors? Is there an evolutionary benefit to this?
Why can you boil a frog without it jumping out to safety if you raise the temperature slowly?
Why can't color blind people see any colors?
Why did evolution create a chicken that lays so many unfertilized eggs when that is so wasteful?
Why do camera flashes make your eyes turn red?
Why do humans have an appendix even though it is unnecessary?
Why do my fingers absorb water and become wrinkled?
Why does chewing gum take seven years to digest?
Why does every cell in our body contain DNA?
Why does evolution always lead to more advanced species?
Why don't dogs sweat?
Why don't I burst cells in my rear when I sit down?
Why don't our eyeballs fill up with water when we swim?
Why don't trees freeze and burst in the winter like cold pipes?
Why have humans evolved to be taller over the last three hundred years?
Why will a mother bird abandon its chick if touched by a human?
Which macromolecule forms a double layer as the primary structure of cell membranes?
fats
oils
phospholipids
steroids
Answer:
phospholipids
Explanation:
Answer:
C. phospholipids
Explanation:
The other person said it
When a liquid becomes a gas, _____
The molecules move closer together
The molecules move farther apart
The molecules are unchanged
There are no molecules
Answer:
The molecules move farther apart.
The idea that chromosomes orient themeselves randomly during metaphase I is ________________________. This leads to ___________________ combinations of genes.
Answer:
The idea that chromosomes orient themselves randomly during metaphase I is Independent Assortment. This leads to more combinations of genes.
Explanation:
During metaphase I, the pair of chromosomes align in the plate of the cell. In this step, the independent assortment takes place.
The independent assortment is the distribution of different genes into two gametes, is independent, because the distribution of the different genes, does not influence the distribution of the other genes. The independent assortment leads to new combinations of genes from the parental and maternal side, resulting in offsprings that do not look exactly like their parents.
Provide one example of quantitative data that can be collected when using a microscope?
Answer: there 3 ducks by the pond
Explanation:
Quantitative is numbers. how many.
what is magnetic induction
Answer:
The process of gaining or obtaining temporary magnetism in magnetic material due to the effect of magnet is called magnetic induction.
Answer:
Hey buddy here is your answer:-Magnetic Induction is the process by which an object or material is magnitized by an external field...PLS HELP ME OUT WITH THIS ANSWER........ WHAT IS DINOFLAGELLATES ?
Answer:
These are single-celled MESOKARYOTES constituting the phylum DINOFLAGELLATA
Explanation:
Their populations are distributed depending on sea surface temperature,e.t.c.
Hope it helps.
• They are basically unicellular, motile, biflagellate and photosynthetic protists. Predominate colour is golden brown but yellow, green, red and even blue also exists.Some Dinoflagellates like Gymnodinium and Gonyaulax grow in large number in the sea and make the water look red and cause the so called “red tide”.
In humans, a type of blindness is due to a dominant allele (B). Normal vision is the result of a
recessive allele (b). Migraine headaches are due to a dominant allele (M), and normal (no migraines)
is recessive (m).
A male who is heterozygous for blindness and does not suffer from migraines marries a woman who
has normal vision and does not suffer from migraines.
Could they produce a child with normal vision who does not suffer from headaches? If yes, can the
probability of such a child be determined?
You must draw a Punnett square within the space provided to receive any credit for your answer!
Answer:
Yes, a child with normal vision who does not suffer from headaches can be produced.
The probability of producing such child from this cross is 1/2 or 50%
Explanation:
This question involves two distinct genes in humans. One coding for blindness and the other for Migraine headaches. The alleles for blindness (B) and Migraine (M) are dominant over the alleles for normal vision (b) and no Migraine (m).
According to the question, a male who is heterozygous for blindness and does not suffer from migraines will have the genotype; Bbmm while a female who
has normal vision and does not suffer from migraines will have genotype; bbmm. If these two parents are crossed, the following genotypes of gametes will be produced by each parent:
Bbmm- Bm, Bm, bm and bm
bbmm- bm, bm, bm, and bm
Using these gametes to construct a punnet square (see attached image), the following offsprings with genotypes; Bbmm and bbmm in the ratio 1:1 will be produced.
Bbmm (8/16) are offsprings with blindness and have no Migraine headache
bbmm (8/16) are offsprings with normal vision and have no migraine headache
Hence, this cross can produce a child with normal vision who does not suffer from headaches (bbmm). Also, the probability of producing such child is 8/16 or 1/2.
On April 26, 1986, Reactor 4 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station in Ukraine exploded, releasing radioactive isotopes into the air. The majority of the isotopes that were released and spreading thousands of miles were of the element iodine. As a class, discuss what endocrine glands would be most affected and how it would become apparent in the nearby population.
Answer:
In the given case, the thyroid gland will be affected the most due to the exposure of the element iodine. For the synthesis of thyroid gland hormone, T3 and T4 iodine is required. As the exposure of the radioactive iodine element is taking place, therefore, it will result in the deterioration of the thyroid gland. Radioactive iodine is generally used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.
However, in normal individuals, the exposure of the radioactive iodine element results in a decrease in the level of thyroid hormones below the normal level due to the destruction of the thyroid cells. The symptoms seen can be neck tenderness, swollen salivary gland, and loss in body weight.
The thyroid gland will be mostly affected in this case. The element Iodine is
the major precursor which is involved in the formation of two hormones.
Thyroid hormonesTriiodothyronine (T3)Thyroxine (T4).When an individual is exposed to radioactive iodine , it alters the production
of the hormones which leads to series of effects such as:
Decreased metabolismLow body weightGoitre etc.Read more about Thyroid hormones here https://brainly.com/question/2469666
define factors affecting enzyme action:temperature
Answer:
I am secondary level student and this doesn't belongs to my coure till yet however..i have written this through google.....you may search there as well..
Explanation:
Enzyme activity occurs within a narrow range of temperatures compared to ordinary chemical reactions. As you have seen, each enzyme has a certain temperature at which it is more active. This point is called the optimal temperature, which ranges between 37 to 40C°...
Place the following materials in the order in which they are likely to fossilize. Begin with the material that is most likely to fossilize, and finish with the material least likely to fossilize.
1. mammal teeth
2. bones of an adult mammal quickly buried
3. bones of an adult mammal left on the surface
4. soft body parts of any animal
Answer: correct order--->
1)mammal teeth
2.)bones of an adult mammal quickly buried
3.) bones of an adult mammal left on the surface
4.)soft body parts of any animals
Explanation:
Fossilization is the ability of an organism to be preserved and remain unaltered for a very long time. Through research , it has been found out that Harder parts of the body tend to remain preserved for a long time because they naturally have minerals deposited in them and may only be reduced, but the softer part or tissues do not get preserved for a long time because being made up of polymer can be disintegrated easily by natural biological and physical processes.
The order of which material will likely fossilize is
1.)mammal teeth
2.)bones of an adult mammal quickly buried
3.) bones of an adult mammal left on the surface
4.)soft body parts of any animals
Reason,
--Teeth and bones biologically contain calcium but the teeth is more tougher and durable than the bone, Even when a body is decomposed, the teeth most times are not affected at all.
Bones of an adult mammal left on the surface will decompose faster than the one buried because of the biological (natural decomposing ) and physical processes(temperature, wind, sunglight, rainfall ) which will both act on it at the same time because of its exposure.
- soft body parts of any animals will decompose fastest as bacteria will feed on it immediately since it lacks minerals that can elongate preservation.
Which are the 3 major areas of society affected by science?
Answer:
Explanation:
the three major areas of society affected by science are economic democratic and cultural
mark me brainlist if my answer is right
Each of two parents has the genotype brown/red, which consists of the pair of alleles that determine hair color, and each parent contributes one of those alleles to a child. Assume that if the child has at least one brown allele, that color will dominate and the child's hair color will be brown. a. List the different possible outcomes. Assume that these outcomes are equally likely. b. What is the probability that a child of these parents will have the red/red genotype? c. What is the probability that the child will have brown hair color? a. List the possible outcomes.
Answer:
a. In image attached.
b. 25% or a 1 in 4 chance.
c. 75% or a 3 in 4 chance.
Explanation:
B = Dominant (brown gene)
r = Recessive (red gene)
If two parents both have Br genes, they will both have brown hair.
The Punnet square will look like the image attached.
identify a probable reason that the dark moths survived while the light moths did not during the industrial revolution
Answer:
directional selection
Explanation:
The directional selection is a type of Darwinian selection where a particular phenotype is favored in the population, thereby modifying the allelic frequencies to increase the proportion of the favored phenotype. Biston betularia, also known as peppered moth, is a species that was influenced by directional selection in its recent past. Before the industrial revolution, the frequency of light-colored moths was predominant compared to the darker-colored phenotypes, because this color has higher adaptive fitness in a clean, no pollution environment, thereby light-colored moths were able to avoid predatory birds. However, during the industrial revolution, the frequency of dark-colored moths increased in response to pollution (i.e. darker environment), thereby conferring a higher adaptive fitness to darker phenotypes.
Answer:
Dark wings
Explanation:
