Answer:
3.11
Explanation:
Any buffer system can be described with the reaction:
[tex]HA~->~H^+~+~A^-[/tex]
Where is the acid and is the base. Additionally, the calculation of the pH of any buffer system can be made with the Henderson-Hasselbach equation:
[tex]pH~=~pKa~+~Log(\frac{ [A^-]}{[HA]})[/tex]
With all this in mind, we can write the reaction for our buffer system:
-) Nitrous acid: [tex]HNO_2[/tex]
-) Sodium nitrate: [tex]NaNO_2[/tex]
[tex]HNO_2~->~H^+~+~NO_2^-[/tex]
In this case, the acid is [tex]HNO_2[/tex] with a concentration of 0.150 M and a volume of 45.0 mL (0.045 L). The base is [tex]NO_2^-[/tex] with a concentration of 0.175 M and a volume of 20.0 mL (0.020 L).
We can calculate the moles of each compound is we take into account the molarity equation ([tex]M=\frac{mol}{L}[/tex]). So:
-) moles of [tex]HNO_2[/tex]:
[tex]mol=0.150~M*0.045~L=0.00657[/tex]
-) moles of [tex]NO_2^-[/tex]:
[tex]mol=0.175~M*0.020~L=0.0035[/tex]
The total volume would be:
0.020 L + 0.045 L = 0.065 L
With this in mind, we can calculate the molarity of each compound:
-) Concentration of [tex]HNO_2[/tex]
[tex]M=\frac{0.00657~mol}{0.065~L}=0.101~M[/tex]
-) Concentration of [tex]NO_2^-[/tex]
[tex]M=\frac{0.0035~mol}{0.065~L}=0.0538~M[/tex]
The pKa reported is 3.39, therefore we can plug the values into the Henderson-Hasselbach equation:
[tex]pH~=~3.39~+~Log(\frac{[0.0538~M]}{[0.101~M]})~=~3.11[/tex]
The final pH value would be 3.11
I hope it helps!
The pH of a buffer made by combining 45.0 mL of 0.150M nitrous acid and 20.0mL of 0.175M sodium nitrate is 2.87.
We have a buffer made by combining 45.0mL of 0.150 M nitrous acid and 20.0mL of 0.175M sodium nitrate.
Nitrous acid is a weak acid and nitrate ion is its conjugate base.
What is a buffer?It is a solution used to resist abrupt changes in pH when acids or bases are added.
Step 1: Calculate the moles of each species.We do so by multiplying the molar concentration by the volume in liters.
HNO₂: 0.150 mol/L × 0.0450 L = 6.75 × 10⁻³ mol
NaNO₂: 0.175 mol/L × 0.0200 L = 3.50 × 10⁻³ mol
Step 2: Calculate the total volume of the mixture.The total volume will be the sum of the volumes of each solution.
V = 45.0 mL + 20.0 mL = 65.0 mL = 0.0650 L
Step 3: Calculate the molar concentration of each species in the mixture.HNO₂: 6.75 × 10⁻³ mol/0.0650 L = 0.104 M
NaNO₂: 3.50 × 10⁻³ mol/0.0650 L = 0.0538 M
Step 4: Calculate the pH of the buffer.We can calculate the pH of a buffer system using Henderson-Hasselbach's equation.
pH = pKa + log [NaNO₂]/[HNO₂]
pH = 3.16 + log 0.0538/0.104 = 2.87
The pH of a buffer made by combining 45.0 mL of 0.150M nitrous acid and 20.0mL of 0.175M sodium nitrate is 2.87.
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The second-order decomposition of NO2 has a rate constant of 0.255 M-1s-1. How much NO2 decomposes in 8.00 s if the initial concentration of NO2 (1.00 L volume) is 1.33 M
Answer:
0.9718M
Explanation:
Rate constant, k = 0.255 M-1s-1
time, t = 8.00 s
Initial concentration, [A]o = 1.33 M
Final concentration, [A] = ?
These quantities are represented by the equation;
1 / [A] = 1 / [A]o + kt
1 / [A] = 1 /1.33 + (0.255 * 8)
1 / [A] = 0.7519 + 2.04
[A] = 1 / 2.7919 = 0.3582 M
How much of NO2 decomposed is obtained from the change in concentration;
Change in concentration = Initial - Final
Change = 1.33 - 0.3582 = 0.9718M
What are periodic trends if ionic radii
Answer:
Explan ionization energy, atomic radius, and electron affinityation:
This question most likely has answer choices. The possible answer choices are as followed:
Ionic radii tend to increase down a group.Ionic radii tend to decrease across a period.Anionic radii tend to increase across a period.Cationic radii tend to decrease across a period.Ionic radii increase when switching from cations to anions in a period.The answers are Ionic radii tend to increase down a group, Cationic radii tend to decrease across a period, and Ionic radii increase when switching from cations to anions in a period (1st, 4th, and 5th options).
Describe how you would prepare 500ml of 40% (w/v) aqueous iodine solution.
[Atomic mass of iodine =127g/mol].
Answer:
- Weight 333.3 grams of iodine.
- Measure 500 mL of water.
- Vigorously mix the resulting solution.
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, since 500 mL of a 40% (w/v) aqueous solution iodine is required, we can compute the required mass of iodine by defining the given mass-volume percent:
[tex]\% w/v=\frac{m_{iodine}}{m_{solution}} *100%=\frac{m_{iodine}}{m_{water}+m_{iodine}} *100%[/tex]
In such a way, we need to find mass of iodine, which is computed as:
[tex]m_{iodine}=\frac{\%w/v*m_{water}}{100w/v-\%} \\\\m_{iodine}=\frac{40*500}{100-40}\\ \\m_{iodine}=333.3g\\[/tex]
Thereby, the procedure will be:
- Weight 333.3 grams of iodine.
- Measure 500 mL of water.
- Vigorously mix the resulting solution.
Best regards.
Which of the following pairs of chemical reactions are inverses of each other? Answer options: a. Hydrogenation and alkylation b.Halogenation and hydrolysis c. Ammoniation and alkylation d. Oxidation and reduction
Answer:
d. Oxidation and reduction
Explanation:
For this question we have to remember the definition of each type of reaction:
-) Hydrogenation
In this reaction, we have the addition of hydrogen to a molecule. Usually, an alkene or alkyne. In the example, molecular hydrogen is added to a double bond to produce an alkane.
-) Alkylation
In this reaction, we have the addition of a chain of carbon to another molecule. In the example, an ethyl group is added to a benzene ring.
-) Hydrolysis
In this reaction, we have the breaking of a bond by the action of water. In the example, a water molecule can break the C-O bond in the ester molecule.
-) Halogenation
In this reaction, we have the addition of a halogen (atoms on the VIIIA group). In the example, "Cl" is added to the butene.
-) Ammoniation
In this reaction, we have the addition of the ammonium ion ([tex]NH_4^+[/tex]). In the example, the ammonium ion is added to an acid.
-) Oxidation and reduction
In this reaction, we have opposite reactions. The oxidation is the loss of electrons and the reduction is the gain of electrons. For example:
[tex]Ag^+~+~e^-~->~Ag[/tex] Reduction
[tex]Al~->~Al^+^3~+~3e^-[/tex] Oxidation
An electrolysis cell has two electrodes. Which statement is correct? A. Reduction takes place at the anode, which is positively charged. B. Reduction takes place at the cathode, which is positively charged. C. Reduction takes place at the dynode, which is uncharged. D. Reduction takes place at the cathode, which is negatively charged. E. Reduction takes place at the anode, which is negatively charged.
Answer:
D. Reduction takes place at the cathode, which is negatively charged.
Explanation:
In an electrolytic cell there are two electrodes; the cathode and the anode. The anode is the positive electrode while the cathode is the negative electrode. Oxidation occurs at the anode while reduction occurs at the cathode.
At the anode, species give up electrons and become positively charged ions while at the cathode species accept electrons and become reduced.
For each bond, show the direction of polarity by selecting the correct partial charges. _________ Si-P _________ _________ Si-Cl _________ _________ Cl-P _________ The most polar bond is _______
Answer:
Siδ⁺ -- Pδ⁻⁻
Clδ⁻⁻ -- Pδ⁺
Siδ⁺ -- Clδ⁻⁻
Of the mentioned bonds the most polar bond is Si -- Cl
The polarity of the bond primarily relies upon the electronegativity difference between the two atoms that forms the bond. Therefore, if the electronegativity difference between the two atoms that forms the bond is more the bond will be more polar, and if it is less then the bond will be less polar. The electronegativity of the atoms mentioned is Si = 1.8 , P = 2.1 and Cl = 3.00.
Therefore, the Si - Cl atoms exhibit more electronegativity difference, thus, the Si - Cl bond will be the most polar bond.
How many moles of gold are equivalent to 1.204 × 1024 atoms? 0.2 0.5 2 5
Answer:
c
Explanation:
How many moles of gold are equivalent to 1.204 × 1024 atoms?
0.2
0.5
2
5
C) 2 Is the correct answer, I took the test and it was correct.
According to the concept of Avogadro's number, there are 2 moles of gold which are equivalent to 1.204×10²⁴ atoms.
What is Avogadro's number?
Avogadro's number is defined as a proportionality factor which relates number of constituent particles with the amount of substance which is present in the sample.
It has a SI unit of reciprocal mole whose numeric value is expressed in reciprocal mole which is a dimensionless number and is called as Avogadro's constant.It relates the volume of a substance with it's average volume occupied by one of it's particles .
According to the definitions, Avogadro's number depend on determined value of mass of one atom of those elements.It bridges the gap between macroscopic and microscopic world by relating amount of substance with number of particles.
Number of atoms can be calculated using Avogadro's number as follows: mass/molar mass×Avogadro's number.Number of moles=number of atoms/Avogadro's number=1.204×10²⁴ /6.023×10²³=1.999≅2
Thus, there are 2 moles of gold which are equivalent to 1.204×10²⁴ atoms.
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1. Explain what the police siren sounds like to Jane:
2. Explain what the police siren sounds like to John:
3. Explain why the police siren sounds different between Jane and John:
Answer:
1. the siren has a lower pitch to Jane
2. the siren has a higher pitch to John
3. sound different due to moving away from Jane making the sound wave lengths longer and moving toward John making the wave lengths shorter
Explanation:
The Doppler effect expresses that sound is comparative with the spectator or observer. This is demonstrated valid by the model given with Jane and John. To one individual it could sound low and to someone else it could sound high, in light of where they are tuning in from. To John, the police alarm playing is a higher pitch. Be that as it may, to Jane this equivalent alarm is a totally extraordinary pitch and is heard lower than in comparison to the john.
This is a prime case of the Doppler Effect. They sound distinctive on the grounds that the sound is moving far from Jane making the sound frequencies longer and it is advancing toward John making the frequencies shorter. This impacts how the sound is heard by the human ear.
A 100.0-mL sample of 1.00 M NaOH is mixed with 50.0 mL of 1.00 M H2SO4 in a large Styrofoam coffee cup calorimeter fitted with a lid through which a thermometer passes. The acid-base reaction is as follows:
2 NaOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
The temperature of each solution before mixing is 22.3 °C. After mixing, the temperature of the solution mixture reaches a maximum temperature of 31.4 °C. Assume the density of the solution mixture is 1.00 g/mL, its specific heat is 4.18 J/g.°C, and no heat is lost to the surroundings. Calculate the enthalpy change, in kj, per mole of H2SO4 in the reaction.
a. +85.6 kJ/mol.
b. -85.6 kJ/mol.
c. +5.71 kJ/mol.
d. -5.71 kJ/mol.
e. -114 kJ/mol.
Answer:
THE ENTHALPY CHANGE IN KJ/MOLE IS +114 KJ/MOLE.
Explanation:
Heat = mass * specific heat capacity * temperature rise
Total volume = 100 + 50 = 150 mL
Total mass = density * volume
Total mass = 1 * 150 mL = 150 g
So therefore, the heat evolved during the reaction is:
Heat = 150 * 4.18 * ( 31.4 - 22.3)
Heat = 150 * 4.18 * 9.1
Heat = 5705.7 J
Equation for the reaction:
2 NaOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + 2 H2O(l)
From the equation, 2 moles of NaOH reacts with 1 mole of H2SO4 to produce 1 mole of Na2SO4 and 2 moles of water
50 mL of 1 M of H2SO4 contains
50 * 1 / 1000 mole of acid
= 0.05 mole of acid
The production of 1 mole of water evolved 5705.7 J of heat and hence the enthalpy changein kJ per mole will be:
0.05 mole of H2SO4 produces 5705.7 J of heat
1 mole of H2SO4 will produce 5705.7 / 0.05 J
= 114,114 J / mole
In kj/mole = 114 kJ/mole.
Hence, the enthalpy change of the reaction in kJ /mole is +114 kJ/mole.
Write a balanced nuclear equation for the following: The nuclide thorium-234 undergoes beta decay to form protactinium-234 .
Answer:
²³⁴₉₀Th --> ²³⁴₉₁Pa + ⁰₋₁e
Explanation:
thorium-234 = ²³⁴₉₀Th
beta decay = ⁰₋₁e
protactinium-234 = ²³⁴₉₁Pa
The balanced nuclear equation is given as;
²³⁴₉₀Th --> ²³⁴₉₁Pa + ⁰₋₁e
A student mixed 50 ml of 1.0 M HCl and 50 ml of 1.0 M NaOH in a coffee cup calorimeter and calculate the molar enthalpy change of the acid-base neutralization reaction to be –54 kJ/mol. He next tried the same experiment with 100 ml of 1.0 M HCl and 100 ml of 1.0 M NaOH. The calculated molar enthalpy change of reaction for his second trial was:
Answer: The calculated molar enthalpy change of reaction for his second trial was -108 kJ.
Explanation:-
Molarity of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved per Liter of the solution.
[tex]\text{no of moles}={\text{Molarity}\times {\text{Volume in L}}[/tex]
Thus [tex]\text{no of moles}of HCl={1.0M}\times {0.05L}=0.05moles[/tex]
Thus [tex]\text{no of moles}of NaOH={1.0M}\times {0.05L}=0.05moles[/tex]
[tex]HCl(aq)+NaOH(aq)\rightarrow NaCl(aq)+H_2O(l)[/tex]
Given for second trial:
[tex]\text{no of moles}of HCl={1.0M}\times {0.1L}=0.1moles[/tex]
[tex]\text{no of moles}of NaOH={1.0M}\times {0.1L}=0.1moles[/tex]
0.05 moles of [tex]HCl[/tex] reacts with 0.05 moles of [tex]NaOH[/tex] to release heat = 54 kJ
0.1 moles of [tex]HCl[/tex] reacts with 0.05 moles of [tex]NaOH[/tex] to release heat =[tex]\frac{54}{0.05}\times 0.1=108kJ[/tex]
Thus calculated molar enthalpy change of reaction for his second trial was -108 kJ.
Most of the costs associated with using renewable resources are due to
а. overuse of resources
b. atmospheric pollution
C.lack of availability
d.global warming
Answer:
The answer is a.
Explanation:
Most of the costs associated with using renewable resources are due to overuse of the resources.
Most of the costs associated with using renewable resources are due to overuse of resources.
What are renewable resources?Renewable resources are those resources which will be generated naturally and continously from the nature and these are also inexhaustible means non ended.
As from the definition it is clear that we can reuse or will use again and again these types of resources, that's why cost associated with these renewable resources are high.
Atmospheric pollution and global warming causes hazardous effect on the environment, so it will not be the reason with the associated cost.Lack of availability makes its important, not costly and in our daily life we used many kinds of renewable resorces so it is not possible to use costly resources daily.Hence, overuse of resouces is one of the reason.
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16. The concentration of a solution of potassium hydroxide is determined by titration with nitric
acid. A 30.0 mL sample of KOH is neutralized by 42.7 mL of 0.498 M HNO3. What is the
concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution?
Answer:
[tex]M_{base}=0.709M[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, since the reaction between potassium hydroxide and nitric acid is:
[tex]KOH+HNO_3\rightarrow KNO_3+H_2O[/tex]
We can see a 1:1 mole ratio between the acid and base, therefore, for the titration analysis, we find the following equality at the equivalence point:
[tex]n_{acid}=n_{base}[/tex]
That in terms of molarities and volumes is:
[tex]M_{acid}V_{acid}=M_{base}V_{base}[/tex]
Thus, solving the molarity of the base (KOH), we obtain:
[tex]M_{base}=\frac{M_{acid}V_{acid}}{V_{base}} =\frac{0.498M*42.7mL}{30.0mL}\\ \\M_{base}=0.709M[/tex]
Regards.
If the lead concentration in water is 1 ppm, then we should be able to recover 1 mg of lead from _____ L of water.
Answer:
1 L
Explanation:
ppm means parts per million. Generally the relationship between mass and litre is given as;
1 ppm = 1 mg/L
This means that 1 ppm is equivalent to 1 mg of a substance dissolved in 1 L of water.
The pH of an acid solution is 5.82. Calculate the Ka for the monoprotic acid. The initial acid concentration is 0.010 M.
Answer:
The answer is
[tex]Ka = 2.29 \times {10}^{ - 14} moldm^{ - 3} [/tex]Explanation:
The Ka of an acid when given the pH and concentration can be found by
[tex]pH = - \frac{1}{2} log(Ka) - \frac{1}{2} log(c) [/tex]where
c is the concentration of the acid
From the question
pH = 5.82
c = 0.010 M
Substitute the values into the above formula and solve for Ka
We have
[tex]5.82 = - \frac{1}{2} log(Ka) - \frac{1}{2} log(0.010) [/tex][tex] - \frac{1}{2} log(Ka) = 5.82 + 1[/tex][tex] - \frac{1}{2} log(Ka) = 6.82[/tex]Multiply through by - 2
[tex] log(Ka) = - 13.64[/tex]Find antilog of both sides
We have the final answer as
[tex]Ka = 2.29 \times {10}^{ - 14} moldm^{ - 3} [/tex]Hope this helps you
1. The manufacturer of the vinegar used in the experiment stated that the vinegar contained 5.0% acetic acid. What is the percent error between your result and the manufacturer statement
Answer:
72.8 % (But verify explanation).
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, with the following obtained results, the percent error is computed as follows:
Volume of vinegar= 7.0 mL
Volume of NaOH= (7+6.6+6.4)/3= 6.7 mL
Used concentration of NaOH= 1.5M
Concentration of acetic acid= (concentration of NaOH*volume of NaOH)/volume of vinegar= (6.7mL*1.5M)/7.0M= 1.44M
Assuming we have 100 mL (0.100L) of vinegar, moles of acetic acid in vinegar = 1.44M x 0.100 L= 0.144 mol
Mass of acetic acid in 100g of vinegar = 0.144 mol x 60.0g/mol= 8.64 g
% of acetic acid in vinegar=8.64 %
% error in percentage of acetic acid = [(8.64% - 5.0%)/5.0] x 100=72.8 %
Clearly, this result depend on your own measurements, anyway, you can change any value wherever you need it.
Regards.
How many atoms are in 65.0g of zinc?
from
1moles=iatom
Mole=mass÷avogardos
Where
Avogadro's= 6.02×10²³
So moles = 65.0÷6.02×10²³
Atoms of zinc = 391.6 ×10²³
The number of atoms present in the given mass of Zinc that is 65.0gm is [tex]5.99\times10^{ 23}[/tex].
Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter. They are the smallest units of an element that retain the chemical properties of that element.
Now, to determine the number of atoms in a given number of moles, we can use Avogadro's number, which is approximately [tex]6.022 \times10^{23}[/tex]atoms per mole.
First, we calculate the number of moles of zinc in 65.0g by dividing the given mass by the molar mass of zinc. The molar mass of zinc (Zn) is 65.38 g/mol.
Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass
Number of moles = 65.0g / 65.38 g/mol ≈ 0.9942 mol
Next, multiply the number of moles by Avogadro's number to find the number of atoms.
Number of atoms =[tex]Number of moles \times Avogadro's number[/tex]
Number of atoms = [tex]0.9942[/tex]mol × [tex]6.022 \times10^{23}[/tex] atoms/mol
Therefore, approximately [tex]5.99\times10^{ 23}[/tex] atoms are present in 65.0g of zinc.
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what volume in liters of carbon monoxide will be required to produce 18.9 L of nitrogen in the reaction below
2co(g) + 2no(g) -> n2(g) + 2co2(g)
Answer:
37.8 L OF CARBON MONOXIDE IS REQUIRED TO PRODUCE 18.9 L OF NITROGEN.
Explanation:
Equation for the reaction:
2 CO + 2 NO ------> N2 + 2 CO2
2 moles of carbon monoxide reacts with 2 moles of NO to form 1 mole of nitrogen
At standard temperature and pressure, 1 mole of a gas contains 22.4 dm3 volume.
So therefore, we can say:
2 * 22.4 L of CO produces 22.4 L of N2
44.8 L of CO produces 22.4 L of N2
Since, 18.9 L of Nitrogen is produced, the volume of CO needed is:
44.8 L of CO = 22.4 L of N
x L = 18.9 L
x L = 18.9 * 44.8 / 22.4
x L = 18.9 * 2
x = 37.8 L
The volume of Carbon monoxide required to produce 18.9 L of N2 is 37.8 L
Answer:
37.8
Explanation:
How many moles of oxygen are in 49.2 grams of carbon dioxide?
Answer:
Number of mole in Oxygen = 2.24 mol
Explanation:
Given:
Amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) = 49.2 gram
Find:
Number of moles in Oxygen
Computation:
Molecular weight of CO₂ = 44 gram (Approx)
Number of mole in CO₂ = 49.2 / 44
Number of mole in CO₂ = 1.11818182 mol
CO₂ has 2 mole of Oxygen,
So,
Number of mole in Oxygen = 2 × 1.11818182
Number of mole in Oxygen = 2.23636364
Number of mole in Oxygen = 2.24 mol
Consider the reaction for the dissolution of solid magnesium hydroxide.
Mg(OH)2(s)g2 (a) +2OH (ag)
If the concentration of hydroxide ion in a saturated solution of magnesium hydroxide is 2.24 x 104 M.
what is the molar solubility of magnesium hydroxide? Report your answer in scientific notation with three significant figures.
Answer:
Molar solubility is 1.12x10⁻⁴M
Explanation:
The dissolution of magnesium hydroxide is:
Mg(OH)₂(s) ⇄ Mg²⁺ + 2OH⁻
The molar solubility represents the moles of the solid that the solution can dissolve, that could be written as:
Mg(OH)₂(s) ⇄ X + 2X
Where X is solubility.
If you obtained a [OH⁻] = 2.24x10⁻⁴M and you know [OH⁻] = 2X:
2X = 2.24x10⁻⁴M
X = 2.24x10⁻⁴M/2
X =1.12x10⁻⁴M
Molar solubility is 1.12x10⁻⁴M
At 25 °C, only 0.0990 mol of the generic salt AB3 is soluble in 1.00 L of water. What is the Ksp of the salt at 25 °C? AB3(s)↽−−⇀A3+(aq)+3B−(aq)
Answer:
[tex]Ksp=2.59x10^{-3}[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, given the 0.0990 moles of the salt are soluble in 1.00 L of water only, we can infer that the molar solubility is 0.099 M. Next, since the dissociation of the salt is:
[tex]AB_3\rightleftharpoons A^{3+}+3B^-[/tex]
The concentrations of the A and B ions in the solution are:
[tex][A]=0.099 \frac{molAB_3}{L}*\frac{1molA}{1molAB_3} =0.0099M[/tex]
[tex][B]=0.099 \frac{molAB_3}{L}*\frac{3molB}{1molAB_3} =0.000.297M[/tex]
Then, as the solubility product is defined as:
[tex]Ksp=[A][B]^3[/tex]
Due to the given dissociation, it turns out:
[tex]Ksp=[0.099M][0.297M]^3\\\\Ksp=2.59x10^{-3}[/tex]
Regards.
?
Which statement about energy transfer in a wave is ture
Which of the following is a covalent bond? A NaCl B K2O C H2O D MgO
Answer:
[tex]H_2O[/tex]
Explanation: Research has proven that ;
Water is a Polar Covalent Molecule
It consists of 2 Hydrogen molecules bonded to one Oxygen molecule and the two hydrogen atoms are not evenly distributed around the oxygen atom.
A. Rank the following substances in order of decreasing standard molar entropy (S∘).
Rank the gases from largest to smallest standard molar entropy. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
Br(g)
Cl2(g)
I2(g)
F2(g)
B. Rank the following substances in order of decreasing standard molar entropy (S∘).
Rank the gases from largest to smallest standard molar entropy. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
H2S(g)
H2O(g)
H2O2(g)
C. Rank the following substances in order of decreasing standard molar entropy (S∘).
Rank the gases from largest to smallest standard molar entropy. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
C(s, amorphous)
C(s, diamond)
C(s, graphite)
Answer:
A. Rank the following substances in order of decreasing standard molar entropy (S∘).
Rank the gases from largest to smallest standard molar entropy
I2(g)>Br2(g)>Cl2(g)>F2(g)
B. Rank the gases from largest to smallest standard molar entropy. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
H2O2(g)>H2S(g) >H2O(g)
C. Rank the gases from largest to smallest standard molar entropy. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
C(s, amorphous) >C(s, graphite)>C(s, diamond)
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, we can apply the following principles to explain the order:
- The greater the molar mass, the larger the standard molar entropy.
- The greater the molar mass and the structural complexity, the larger the standard molar entropy.
- The greater the structural complexity, the larger the standard molar entropy.
A. Rank the following substances in order of decreasing standard molar entropy (S∘).
Rank the gases from largest to smallest standard molar entropy
I2(g)>Br2(g)>Cl2(g)>F2(g)
This is due to the fact that the greater the molar mass, the larger the standard molar entropy.
B. Rank the gases from largest to smallest standard molar entropy. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
H2O2(g)>H2S(g) >H2O(g)
This is due to the fact that the greater the molar mass and the structural complexity, the larger the standard molar entropy as the hydrogen peroxide has four bonds and weights 34 g/mol as well as hydrogen sulfide that has two bonds only.
C. Rank the gases from largest to smallest standard molar entropy. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
C(s, amorphous) >C(s, graphite)>C(s, diamond)
Since the molecular complexity is greater in the amorphous carbon (messy arrangement), mid in the graphite and lower in the diamond (well organized).
Regards.
Why do prices increase when demand for a product is high? Companies know they can make more money by selling fewer products at higher prices. Companies know that people will be willing to spend more to get an in-demand product. Companies take advantage of the demand to make people spend more money on excess products. Companies know they can stop production and still make money on sales.
Answer:
Companies know that people will be willing to spend more to get an in-demand product.
Explanation:
When a product is really in demand, many customers are willing to part with more money order to purchase the product, as a result of that, many companies may take advantage of the increasing demand for the product to hike it's price.
Hence, the increase in price may not really have a negative impact on the quantity demanded because the demand for the product is high and customers are willing to spend more money in order to purchase an in-demand product, hence the answer above.
Prices increase when demand is high because companies know that people will be willing to spend more to get in-demand products.
Prices generally increase with higher demand for goods because the higher demand creates pressure for the supply to meet up.
Manufacturing companies can either increase their production to meet up with demand at the same price or capitalize on the situation to make more money by increasing the price without increasing the supply.
Since there is a buying pressure on the product in the market already, people would still be open to buying even at higher prices.
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What is the concentration of A after 50.7 minutes for the second order reaction A → Products when the initial concentration of A is 0.250 M? (k = 0.117 M⁻¹min⁻¹)
Answer:
0.101 M
Explanation:
Step 1: Given data
Initial concentration of A ([A]₀): 0.250 MFinal concentration of A ([A]): ?Time (t): 50.7 minRate constant (k): 0.117 M⁻¹.min⁻¹Step 2: Calculate [A]
For a second-order reaction, we can calculate [A] using the following expression.
1/[A] = 1/[A]₀ + k × t
1/[A] = 1/0.250 M + 0.117 M⁻¹.min⁻¹ × 50.7 min
[A] = 0.101 M
The following reactions all have K < 1. 1) a. C6H5COO- (aq) + C6H5OH (aq) → C6H5COOH (aq) + C6H5O- (aq) b. F- (aq) + C6H5OH (aq) → C6H5O- (aq) + HF (aq) c. C6H5COOH (aq) + F- (aq) → HF (aq) + C6H5COO- (aq) Arrange the substances based on their relative acid strength.
Answer:
the acid strength is the order of [tex]\mathsf{HF _{(aq)} }[/tex] > [tex]\mathsf{C_6H_5COOH _{(aq)} }[/tex] > [tex]\mathsf{C_6H_5OH _{(aq)} }[/tex]
Explanation:
Given that :
a . [tex]\mathsf{C_6H_5COO^- _{(aq)} + C_6H_5OH _{(aq)} \to C_6H_5COOH _{(aq)} + C_6H_5O^- _{(aq)}}[/tex]
b. [tex]\mathsf{ F^- _{(aq)} + C_6H_5OH _{(aq)} \to C_6H_5O^- _{(aq)} + HF _{(aq)} }[/tex]
c. [tex]\mathsf{C_6H_5COOH _{(aq)} + F^- _{(aq)} \to HF _{(aq)} + C_6H_5COO^- _{(aq)} }[/tex]
Acid strength is the ability of an acid to dissociate into a proton and an anion. Take for instance.
HA ↔ H⁺ + A⁻
The acid strength of the following compounds above are:
[tex]\mathsf{C_6H_5OH _{(aq)} }[/tex] = 1.00 × 10⁻¹⁰
[tex]\mathsf{HF _{(aq)} }[/tex] = 6.6 × 10⁻⁴
[tex]\mathsf{C_6H_5COOH _{(aq)} }[/tex] = 6.3 × 10⁻⁵
As the acid dissociation constant increases the relative acid strength also increases.
From above, the acid strength is the order of [tex]\mathsf{HF _{(aq)} }[/tex] > [tex]\mathsf{C_6H_5COOH _{(aq)} }[/tex] > [tex]\mathsf{C_6H_5OH _{(aq)} }[/tex]
[tex]\mathsf{C_6H_5COO^- }[/tex], [tex]\mathsf{C_6H_5O^- _{(aq)}}[/tex] and F⁻ are Bronsted- Lowry acid
Bronsted- Lowry acid are molecule or ion that have the ability to donate a proton.
Predict the order of acid strengths in the following series of cationic species: CH3CH2NH3 +, CH3CH=NH2
Answer:
CH3CH=NH2+>CH3CH2NH3 +
Explanation:
There are certain structural features that determine the stability of cationic species. These features that lead to the stability and higher acid strength of cations are those features that stabilize the cation.
CH3CH=NH2+ is more acidic than CH3CH2NH3 + owing to the fact that CH3CH=NH2+ contains a double bond in close proximity with the hydrogen that can be lost as a proton. Electron withdrawal by the double bond (greater s character) makes it easier for this hydrogen to be lost as a proton compared to CH3CH2NH3 +.
What type of bond would form between two atoms of phosphorus? A. Single covalent bond B. Single ionic bond C. Triple covalent bond D. Double covalent bond
Answer:
A double bond is formed when two pairs of electrons are shared between the two participating atoms. It is represented by two dashes (=). It is represented by two dashes (=). Double covalent bonds are much stronger than a single bond, but they are less stable
Explanation:
If 75.4 J of energy is absorbed by 0.25 mol of CCl4 at constant pressure, what is the change in temperature? The specific heat of CCl4 is 0.861 J/g·°C.
Answer:
ΔT = 2.28°C
Explanation:
Heat, H = 75.4J
Number of moles = 0.25 mol
Specific heat capacity, c = 0.861 J/g·°C
Change in temperature, ΔT = ?
These quantities are related by the following equation;
H = mc ΔT
Mass, m = Number of moles * Molar mass
m = 0.25mol * 153.82 g/mol
m = 38.455g
S back to the equation;
H = mc ΔT
Substituting the values;
75.4 = 38.455 * 0.861 * ΔT
ΔT = 75.4 / 33.11
ΔT = 2.28°C
The change in temperature is 2.28 °C
First, we will determine the mass of CCl₄ absorbed
From the given information,
Number of moles of CCl₄ absorbed = 0.25 mol
Using the formula
Mass = Number of moles × Molar mass
Molar mass of CCl₄ = 153.82 g/mol
∴ Mass of CCl₄ absorbed = 0.25 × 153.82
Mass of CCl₄ absorbed = 38.455 g
Now, using the formula
Q = mcΔT
Where Q is the quantity of heat
m is the mass
c is the specific heat of substance
and ΔT is the change in temperature
From the given information
Q = 75.4 J
c = 0.861 J/g.°C
Putting the parameters into the formula, we get
75.4 = 38.455 × 0.861 ×ΔT
75.4 = 33.109755 × ΔT
∴ ΔT = 75.4 ÷ 33.109755
ΔT = 2.28 °C
Hence, the change in temperature is 2.28 °C
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