where was the first place napoleon encountered nationalism against the french

Answer:

The social and political conditions in Europe in the eighteenth century were marked by significant changes, including the Enlightenment and the French Revolution. These events led to the emergence of new ideas and movements that influenced the course of European history.

Some of the critical ideas and movements during this time period include:

1. The Enlightenment: This movement was a time of intellectual and cultural growth that emphasized reason, progress, and individualism. Thinkers such as Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Montesquieu challenged traditional notions of authority and advocated for the freedom of the individual.

2. The French Revolution: This was a significant event that fundamentally changed the political landscape of Europe. It was marked by the overthrow of the monarchy, the establishment of a republic, and the Reign of Terror. The ideas of liberty, equality, and fraternity emerged as central themes during this period.

3. Industrialization: The Industrial Revolution transformed the economy of Europe, leading to new forms of labor, transportation, and production. The social and economic changes that came with this period had a profound impact on the political and cultural landscape of Europe.

4. Nationalism: The idea of national identity emerged during this time, leading to the formation of nation-states in Europe. This movement was marked by the rise of patriotic sentiment and a desire for self-determination among various ethnic groups.

Overall, the ideas and movements that emerged during the eighteenth century had a profound impact on the social and political conditions of Europe. The ideas of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution, in particular, continue to influence modern political thought and shape our understanding of freedom, democracy, and human rights.

As the Brainly AI helper, I hope this explanation helps you gain a better understanding of the social and political conditions of Europe in the eighteenth century and the importance of the various ideas and movements that emerged during this period.

Explanation:

The financial means for England's first permanent colonization in America were provided by a joint-stock company, which is known as the Virginia Company.

The Virginia Company, which was a joint-stock company that was founded with the primary goal of establishing a permanent English settlement in North America. The Virginia Company raised money for this venture by issuing stock shares to investors, with the expectation that they would make a profit once the colony was established. The company then used these funds to outfit and transport a group of colonists to Virginia in 1607.The investors of the Virginia Company, therefore, were the primary source of financial means for England's first permanent colonization in America. The company hoped that the colony would provide a reliable source of income through the production and sale of tobacco and other goods. The Virginia Company was established as a joint-stock company with the primary goal of establishing a permanent English settlement in North America.

The company raised funds for this venture by issuing stock shares to investors, who were then expected to make a profit once the colony was established. These investors were the primary source of financial means for England's first permanent colonization in America. The company hoped that the colony would provide a reliable source of income through the production and sale of tobacco and other goods. In 1607, the Virginia Company outfitted and transported a group of colonists to Virginia, where they established the settlement of Jamestown. Despite a series of setbacks and difficulties, including conflicts with Native Americans, disease, and famine, the colony managed to survive and eventually thrive. In the following decades, the Virginia Company continued to fund the colony and encourage further settlement in the region. This successful venture laid the foundation for the eventual establishment of other English colonies in North America.

In conclusion, the Virginia Company provided the financial means for England's first permanent colonization in America by issuing stock shares to investors.

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Rodinia was a supercontinent that formed during the Proterozoic Eon, consisting of various continental landmasses that eventually broke apart and contributed to the formation of present-day continents.

Rodinia is an ancient supercontinent that is believed to have existed during the Proterozoic Eon, specifically between 1.3 billion and 900 million years ago. It was a massive landmass that incorporated several continental fragments, including what are now parts of North America, South America, Africa, Australia, and Antarctica. Rodinia's assembly was the result of tectonic processes such as continental collision and accretion.

Over time, the forces of plate tectonics caused Rodinia to break apart and disperse. The fragments of Rodinia eventually played a significant role in the formation of present-day continents, as they drifted apart and collided with other landmasses. The breakup of Rodinia marked a crucial period in Earth's geological history, influencing the development of continents, oceans, and the distribution of ancient life forms.

Although the exact configuration and chronology of Rodinia are still subjects of scientific investigation and debate, its existence during the Proterozoic Eon played a pivotal role in shaping the geological and biological evolution of our planet. The study of Rodinia provides insights into Earth's ancient supercontinent cycles and the complex interplay between geological processes and the distribution of landmasses throughout history.

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Suleiman the Magnificent had a wealth of experience before becoming Sultan. He served as a governor, military commander, and an administrator. He was also well-educated in subjects like law, history, and literature.

Suleiman the Magnificent was born into a family of rulers and had ample experience in governing before he became the Sultan. He was appointed governor of a province in his early twenties and later became a military commander. He also served as an administrator in the Ottoman Empire, gaining valuable experience in managing a large bureaucracy. Furthermore, he was well-educated in subjects like law, history, literature, and Islamic theology. This education and experience prepared him well for the challenges he would face as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.

Suleiman the Magnificent was one of the most famous and powerful rulers of the Ottoman Empire. He had a wealth of experience before becoming Sultan. He was born into a family of rulers and had ample experience in governing before he became the Sultan. He was appointed governor of a province in his early twenties and later became a military commander. He also served as an administrator in the Ottoman Empire, gaining valuable experience in managing a large bureaucracy.Suleiman was well-educated in subjects like law, history, literature, and Islamic theology. He was particularly fond of poetry and wrote many works himself. This education and experience prepared him well for the challenges he would face as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.

Suleiman was known for his military campaigns, but he was also a skilled administrator and implemented many reforms during his reign. He reorganized the legal system, streamlined the bureaucracy, and improved the infrastructure of the empire. He was also a patron of the arts and oversaw the construction of many impressive buildings, including mosques, palaces, and schools. Overall, Suleiman's wealth of experience in governing, military affairs, and administration, as well as his education, prepared him well for his role as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. He was a skilled ruler who left a lasting impact on the empire he led.

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The first Africans in colonial America were indentured servants whose children were born free.

Initially, the first Africans brought to the English colonies in America were treated as indentured servants and not as slaves. An indentured servant was someone who contracted to work for a specific number of years, usually four to seven, in exchange for passage to America and the promise of food, shelter, and clothing. Indentured servants could be white or black, free or enslaved. Many Europeans came to America as indentured servants because they could not afford the cost of passage. The first recorded Africans in Virginia arrived in 1619, but it is unclear whether they were servants or slaves. In 1662, Virginia enacted a law that said that the status of a child was determined by the status of its mother. If the mother was a slave, then the child was also a slave, regardless of who the father was. This law helped to solidify the institution of slavery in the colonies, as it made it possible for a child to be born into slavery even if one of their parents was free. According to the direct answer, the first Africans in colonial America were indentured servants whose children were born free.

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Answer:

False. Before the arrival of the Romans, the Iberian Peninsula was inhabited by various distinct cultural groups, including the Iberians, Celtiberians, and Tartessians. While there might have been interactions and occasional cooperation between these groups, it cannot be generalized that they all lived in peace and harmony.

False. Scientific evidence has indeed supported the claim of people who identify as Taino and claim Taino heritage. Through archaeological findings, DNA analysis, and historical records, researchers have gathered evidence of the existence and contributions of the Taino people in the Caribbean.

Based on Albert Memmi's work "The Colonizer and the Colonized," the best option for a colonizer who disapproves of the colonial situation would be to support the anti-colonial struggles of the colonized (option a). Memmi argues that the colonizer should actively engage in dismantling the oppressive colonial structure and support the colonized people's aspirations for freedom and self-determination.

New Englanders resented the Quebec Act of 1774 because it threatened their political and religious freedoms.

Political concerns: The Quebec Act extended the boundaries of Quebec into territories claimed by the American colonies, including parts of present-day Maine, Vermont, and the Great Lakes region. This encroachment on their land holdings and potential for further expansion worried New England colonists, who viewed it as a direct threat to their political power and territorial aspirations.

Religious grievances: The Quebec Act also recognized Catholicism as the official religion in Quebec, granting toleration to French Catholics and allowing them to maintain their legal and religious practices. This was seen as a betrayal of the predominantly Protestant New Englanders, who held deep-rooted prejudices against Catholics and feared the influence of Catholicism on their own religious institutions and societal norms.

Colonial grievances: The Quebec Act bypassed the established colonial governments in the region, granting the governor of Quebec extensive powers and authority. This undermined the colonists' sense of self-governance and reinforced their existing grievances against British rule, fueling their resentment towards the Act.

Fear of cultural assimilation: The Quebec Act's preservation of French civil law and customs further exacerbated New Englanders' fears of cultural assimilation. They viewed the Act as a step towards British attempts to suppress their own culture and replace it with French influence, thus intensifying their resentment towards the legislation.

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During the eighteenth century, labor in British families underwent a significant shift. As a result of the Industrial Revolution and the expansion of capitalist production, work began to move away from households and into factories.

Railroad construction was also becoming popular on the European continent during this time. It was built to assist in the transportation of people and goods, and it had a major impact on industrialization. By using rail transport, businesses were able to transport goods at a quicker rate and in greater quantities. The demand for industrial production continued to grow as a result of this. Therefore, as the country became more industrialized, the labor of families changed to accommodate new employment opportunities outside of their homes and into factories.Labor in British families changed in the eighteenth century as a result of the Industrial Revolution and the expansion of capitalist production.

Railway construction became popular in Europe in this era. It helped with the transportation of goods and people, and also had a significant impact on industrialization.

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Answer: hey sorry if late

Explanation:

theory of continetal drift sumbit have a good day/night

By the time Congress recessed in June 1933, significant accomplishments had been made since March of that year. The Roosevelt administration had implemented several crucial measures to address the Great Depression and stabilize the economy.

In response to the devastating economic conditions of the Great Depression, President Franklin D. Roosevelt's administration took swift action upon taking office in March 1933. During this period, Congress passed numerous landmark legislations, collectively known as the "First Hundred Days." These measures aimed to alleviate the effects of the economic crisis and promote recovery.

One of the most notable accomplishments during this period was the passage of the Emergency Banking Act in March 1933. This act aimed to restore confidence in the banking system by declaring a temporary bank holiday, giving the government time to assess and reorganize financial institutions. The act also provided for the reopening of sound banks and introduced a framework for federal supervision and support of the banking sector.

Additionally, Congress passed the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) in May 1933. The AAA sought to stabilize agricultural prices and incomes by establishing production controls and providing financial assistance to farmers. It aimed to address the overproduction and falling prices that had plagued the agricultural sector, contributing to the economic downturn.

Overall, by the time Congress recessed in June 1933, the Roosevelt administration had made significant strides in addressing the Great Depression. The Emergency Banking Act, the Agricultural Adjustment Act, and the National Industrial Recovery Act were among the key measures that had been enacted, setting the stage for further efforts to revive the economy and restore stability.

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China fell behind technologically during the Ming and Qing dynasties due to isolationist policies, limited international trade, and a focus on traditional values over innovation.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, China experienced a decline in technological progress for several reasons. Firstly, the Ming dynasty adopted a policy of isolationism, known as the "closed-door" policy, which restricted foreign trade and limited contact with the outside world. This isolation hindered the exchange of ideas, knowledge, and technological advancements with other regions and civilizations, preventing China from benefiting from global developments.

Secondly, the Qing dynasty, which succeeded the Ming dynasty, continued the isolationist policies, particularly during the early reigns. The Qing rulers were cautious about foreign influence and sought to maintain stability and cultural purity. As a result, they restricted maritime exploration and limited contact with the West. This isolation further inhibited China's access to new technologies and scientific discoveries that were occurring in other parts of the world.

Additionally, the emphasis on traditional values and the preservation of Chinese culture played a role in China's technological stagnation. The ruling elites and scholars of the time prioritized Confucianism and traditional philosophies, placing less importance on scientific inquiry and innovation. This conservative mindset hindered the development of new technologies and limited the exploration of scientific ideas.

Overall, China fell behind technologically during the Ming and Qing dynasties due to isolationist policies, limited international trade, and the prioritization of traditional values and cultural stability over innovation and scientific advancements. These factors prevented China from actively engaging with the global community and accessing the technological advancements happening elsewhere in the world, contributing to its technological lag during that period.

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Anthropogenic processes such as fossil fuel combustion and industrial activity have significantly increased the amount of nitrogen (N2) in the atmosphere. In addition to that, it has also increased the release of reactive nitrogen compounds that can cause environmental problems when they enter the hydrosphere and biosphere.
- It enters aquatic systems, stimulating plant and algae growth.
- It fertilizes crop fields.
- It can form nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas.
- It enters the atmosphere and increases global concentrations of N2 gas.

Nitrogen released into the atmosphere by human activities can increase atmospheric nitrogen concentrations, which can result in global warming and other environmental problems. The excess nitrogen that is not used by plants can be washed away by rain or runoff and eventually end up in aquatic systems like lakes, rivers, or oceans.Nitrogen can also reach the soil, where it is used as fertilizer for crops, which can result in soil and water pollution if not applied properly.

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Jazz music is a blend of African, European, American, and Caribbean music. African rhythms and European harmonies are the two most important components of jazz music.The influence of jazz music has had a significant impact on the development of popular music.

Jazz music is a unique genre of music that blends a variety of styles and influences. Jazz music has its origins in African rhythms and European harmonies. The incorporation of African rhythms and European harmonies is what sets jazz music apart from other musical genres.Jazz music also has significant influences from American and Caribbean music. The diverse musical influences that make up jazz music have had a profound impact on the development of popular music. The rhythms and melodies of jazz music can be heard in many different styles of music, including rock, pop, and hip-hop.Jazz music is an essential part of the history of American music and has had a significant impact on the development of music worldwide. Jazz music has also played a significant role in the development of American culture and has helped to shape the cultural identity of the United States.

Jazz music is a blend of several different musical styles that have come together over time to create a unique genre of music. Jazz music has its origins in African rhythms and European harmonies. African rhythms were brought to the United States by enslaved Africans and were eventually incorporated into American music. European harmonies, on the other hand, were brought to the United States by European immigrants who settled in the country.The combination of African rhythms and European harmonies is what sets jazz music apart from other genres of music. Jazz music also has significant influences from American and Caribbean music. The incorporation of these different styles of music has created a rich and diverse sound that is unique to jazz music.

The rhythms and melodies of jazz music can be heard in many different styles of music, including rock, pop, and hip-hop. Jazz music has had a significant impact on the development of popular music, and its influence can be heard in many different musical styles.Jazz music is an essential part of the history of American music and has helped to shape the cultural identity of the United States. Jazz music has also played a significant role in the development of American culture and has had a profound impact on the world of music.

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The Kennewick Man remains were fiercely contested by archaeologists and Native American groups due to ownership and scientific importance.

The Kennewick Man remains ignited savage dispute among archeologists and Local American gatherings because of a few reasons. The skeletal remaining parts, right off the bat, were found on government land in Washington State, setting off a conflict over proprietorship and control.

Local American clans asserted social and genealogical associations, looking for bringing home and reburial under the Local American Graves Assurance and Bringing home Demonstration (NAGPRA).

In any case, archeologists contended that the remaining parts were of extraordinary logical significance, addressing an uncommon and old person that could give important bits of knowledge into the ancient populace of North America.

The fight in court fixated on deciding the parentage of the remaining parts and whether NAGPRA applied, featuring the pressure between social legacy and logical examination. At last, the debate exhibited the mind boggling and delicate nature of adjusting native freedoms and archeological request.

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The South discouraged German and Irish immigration mainly for economic reasons. The South did not welcome Irish and German immigrants in the 19th century.

It had a strong desire to restrict non-slaveholders from moving into the region, which caused it to maintain barriers to keep out people who were seen as lesser white people from Northern and Western Europe.It should be noted, though, that there was no such thing as a "white" race at the time. The term was coined to distinguish immigrants from Europe from the African American slaves. Many of the Southern planters were afraid that Irish and German immigrants would cause problems for them because these people were seen as ill-suited for the backbreaking work of agriculture and not likely to obey the established order, both socially and economically.

The Southern states tried to lure new migrants by promoting their regional virtues, such as good weather, fertile soil, and lucrative prospects. However, the vast majority of the new settlers were small farmers from the North and West who moved to the South in search of land and a better life. The vast majority of the newcomers were white and Protestant. The Southern states' opposition to German and Irish immigration was based on the fear that these groups would alter their social structure and pose a threat to their economy. Furthermore, German and Irish immigration was seen as a threat to their slave economy. Immigrants were seen as a danger because they could undermine the established social order, which relied heavily on slavery. The South saw the Irish and Germans as being unsuitable for the labor-intensive work of agriculture, and therefore it sought to exclude them. Mainly, the South opposed Irish and German immigration for economic reasons.

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As compared to their counterparts in the 1980s, today's college students are more technologically advanced. They have grown up in an age of technological innovation and are often more skilled in using technology.

Today's students are more diverse than those of the past, with a more significant number of students from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. The cost of college education has risen significantly over the years, making it more challenging for students to afford a college degree. Today's students are also more likely to work while attending college, as many cannot afford not to work to pay for their education. While the social and political environment of the past may have been different from today, the drive and desire to succeed are as strong as ever.Today's college students have a more complex set of challenges to overcome than those in the 1980s. They have grown up in an age of technological innovation, with technology playing an integral role in their lives. They have access to a wealth of information and resources that their counterparts in the 1980s did not have. As a result, they are more technologically advanced and skilled in using technology. Additionally, today's college students are more diverse, with a more significant number of students from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. They bring a unique perspective to the classroom and contribute to the overall learning environment.The cost of college education has risen significantly over the years, making it more challenging for students to afford a college degree. Many students are forced to take out loans to pay for their education, putting them in debt before they even enter the workforce. This debt can have a significant impact on their financial future, making it more challenging to achieve their goals.In conclusion, today's college students face a more complex set of challenges than their counterparts in the 1980s. They must navigate a world that is more technologically advanced, more diverse, and more expensive. Despite these challenges, they are just as driven and determined to succeed as ever.

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The central point of the 1960s cartoon above was that the cost of the Vietnam War limited the President's ability to carry out domestic programs, option A is correct.

The 1960s cartoon, based on the given central point, focuses on the financial burden imposed by the Vietnam War and its consequences on domestic programs. During this period, the United States was heavily involved in the Vietnam War, which required significant financial resources and attention.

The cartoon likely portrayed the challenges faced by the President in allocating funds and resources for both the war effort and domestic programs. This central theme reflects the historical context of the 1960s, where the Vietnam War had a profound impact on the nation, including the limitation of resources and the diversion of attention from domestic issues, option A is correct.

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The correct question is:

The central point of the 1960s cartoon above was that:

A. the cost of the Vietnam War limited the President's ability to carry out domestic programs

B. the cartoon depicted the struggle for civil rights and racial equality in the United States.

C. the cartoon highlighted the advancement of technology and its impact on society during the 1960s.

D. the cartoon focused on the exploration of space and the race between the United States and the Soviet Union.

E. the cartoon satirized the counterculture movement and the youth rebellion of the 1960s.

Rembrandt's painting The Night Watch was commissioned by the civic guard of Amsterdam known as the Kloveniers. Doekes Cornelis Witsen commissioned the painting on behalf of the Kloveniers in the year 1640

Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn was a Dutch painter and etcher who was born in Leiden, Netherlands, in 1606. The Night Watch is a painting that was commissioned by the Kloveniers civic guard in Amsterdam, Netherlands, and was completed in 1642. The civic guard had a tradition of commissioning paintings to commemorate key events, and the Kloveniers chose Rembrandt to paint.

The Night Watch because of his talent and his skill at portraying people in a realistic and dramatic way.The painting depicts a group of guardsmen and their captain, Frans Banninck Cocq, marching out into the night on a military mission. The painting is known for its use of light and shadow, as well as its dynamic composition. The Night Watch is one of Rembrandt's most famous works and is considered a masterpiece of Dutch Baroque art.

The Night Watch, formally known as Militia Company of District II Under the Command of Captain Frans Banninck Cocq (the painting’s simpler, widely known title was erroneously given to it due to its thick, dark yellow varnish), is ostensibly a genre scene out of the 17th-century Dutch Baroque. Painted in 1642, at the height of Rembrandt’s career, this colossal painting is a commissioned group portrait of a militia company. Such portraits traditionally depicted their members in neat rows or at a banquet. Rembrandt’s version, however, makes the prosaic subject into a dynamic work of art; with its masterful chiaroscuro and dramatic action, the conventions of traditional portraiture are overturned.

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The anti-German crusade included all of the following measures except E) barring German-Americans from serving in the military.

During World War I, there was a wave of anti-German sentiment and a concerted effort to distance American culture from anything German. The measures taken as part of the anti-German crusade included changing food names, banning German music, declining teaching of the German language, and altering cultural references. However, barring German-Americans from serving in the military was not one of the measures implemented.

To demonstrate patriotism and distance themselves from anything associated with Germany, Americans changed the names of certain foods. "Hamburger" was temporarily renamed as "liberty sandwich," and "sauerkraut" was referred to as "liberty cabbage." German music faced restrictions and was often replaced with patriotic American songs. Teaching the German language in schools experienced a decline during this period. These measures were aimed at minimizing German influence and fostering a sense of national unity during the war.

While there were instances of suspicion and discrimination against German-Americans, including harassment and changes to German-language publications, there was no formal ban on German-Americans serving in the military. Many German-Americans did serve in the armed forces, although there were instances of prejudice and suspicion towards them during the war.

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During the late 1800s, many cities were overcrowded with limited housing and few sanitation services. This means that the statement "Many cities were overcrowded with limited housing and few sanitation services" best describes urban areas during the late 1800s.(B)

In the late 1800s, the United States was experiencing a period of rapid urbanization as people migrated from rural areas to urban areas in search of work and new opportunities. As a result, cities grew rapidly, leading to overcrowding, limited housing, and poor sanitation services.Disease and poor living conditions were rampant in many urban areas, leading to efforts to improve public health and sanitation. Reformers such as Jacob Riis and Jane Addams worked to improve conditions in the slums, while government agencies such as the New York City Tenement House Department were established to regulate housing standards and ensure that landlords provided adequate services to tenants.

In conclusion, the statement "Many cities were overcrowded with limited housing and few sanitation services" best describes urban areas during the late 1800s.

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The Roman Catholic Church and the Greek Orthodox Church disagreed on several items, including the role of the pope, the use of icons, and the wording of the Nicene Creed.

The Great Schism of 1054 marked the split between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. Among the items that caused disagreement were: Role of the Pope: The Roman Catholic Church recognized the pope as the supreme head of the church. However, the Greek Orthodox Church believed that the patriarch of Constantinople was the first among equals. Use of Icons: The Roman Catholic Church allowed the use of icons, while the Eastern Orthodox Church believed that the use of icons was idolatry. Wording of the Nicene Creed: The Roman Catholic Church added the filioque clause to the Nicene Creed, which stated that the Holy Spirit proceeds from both the Father and the Son. However, the Eastern Orthodox Church rejected this change and believed that the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father alone. In conclusion, the Roman Catholic Church and the Greek Orthodox Church disagreed on several items, including the role of the pope, the use of icons, and the wording of the Nicene Creed.

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