A characteristic that is produced by wave erosion is A. sea stacks.
What is wave erosion ?Sediments from cliffs and shorelines are eroded by waves. Ocean water's sediment functions as sandpaper. They degrade the shoreline over time. More erosion is brought on by larger waves and more sediment carried by them.
The main factor causing erosion along the coast is waves. By eroding rock and shifting sand and other debris, waves sculpt the coastline.
As a result, we see that sea stacks will be caused by wave erosion from repeated contact by waves to the coast.
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Underground coal mining is more dangerous and labor extensive compared to _____ mining, so it is also more expensive
Underground coal mining is more dangerous and labor extensive compared to strip mining, so it is also more expensive.
The process of removing coal from the earth is known as mining. Because of its high energy content, coal has been utilized extensively to produce electricity since the 1880s. Coal is used as a fuel in the steel and cement industries to extract iron from iron ore and to make cement.
Environmental concerns have become more significant since 1970, including the health of workers, the degradation of the environment caused by strip mining and mountaintop removal, air pollution, and the impact of coal burning on global warming. By removing the ground above each coal seam, strip mining exposes the coal. The earth that has to be removed is known as "overburden" and is taken out in broad strips.
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Which of the following accurately describes ^18 O / ^16 O ratios of the oceans? Because ^18O evaporates more readily than ^16O. the oceans have a higher relative abundance of ^16O during the summer. The ^18O/^16O ratio in the ocean is low during the winter because temperatures are too low for ^16O to evaporate During the winter. ^16O is high in the ocean; during warmer periods the isotope ratio is lower The ratio of oceanic ^18O/^16O in the late summer is high, because the most of the ^16O has evaporated by then.
The option that accurately describes ^18 O / ^16 O ratios of the oceans is option D) During periods of colder temperature 16O is locked up in snow and ice and the oceans have a higher preponderance of 18O; during warmer periods the isotope ratio of 16O to 18O is higher.
What does the Redfield ratio tell us?The Redfield ratio measures the proportions of several chemical components found in typical phytoplankton biomass. It specifies how photosynthesis and remineralization reactions stoichiometry.
In global circulation models, the Redfield ratio is essential for calculating the fluxes of carbon and nutrients. If there is a limiting nutrient in a localized system, they also aid in identifying which nutrients are it.
Therefore, one can say that High oceanic delta-O-18 values correspond to cold climates, while low values correspond to warm climates. The results of precipitation and evaporation result in this trend. In warm, tropical regions, the ocean is high in 18O because 16O evaporates earlier due to its lesser weight than 18O.
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Which of the following accurately describes 18O/16O ratios of the world's oceans?
A) Because 18O evaporates more readily than 16O, the oceans have a higher relative abundance of 16O during warm periods and a more balanced ratio when evaporation is less.
B) The higher the ratio of oceanic 16O to 18O, the colder the temperatures because the 18O will have been mostly evaporated from ocean waters.
C) The 16O/18O ratio is low during colder temperatures because temperatures are too low for
evaporation to be effective and both isotopes remain in the ocean.
D) During periods of colder temperature 16O is locked up in snow and ice and the oceans have a
higher preponderance of 18O; during warmer periods the isotope ratio of 16O to 18Ois
higher.
E) Neither the 16O or 18O isotopes are common in water, so when either is present, it shows a
disequilibrium in normal climatic conditions.
which of the following occurs when the sun, moon, and earth are in alignment (i.e., in opposition or conjunction)?
Whenever the sun, moonlight, and earth are lined up, the tidal ranges are at their greatest.
How do tidal ranges work?The term "tidal range" refers to the height difference between high tide and low tide. The rising and lowering of the tide is frequently accompanied by a horizontal water movement. The values after Morgat correction are: 1.50 - 0.10 Equals 1.40 m of low water. 7.10 - 0.40 ≈ 6.70 m is the high tide.
The significance of tidal range.The seashore is more affected by this phenomenon as the tide range increases. However, the slope of the a beach or even other coastal landform is equally significant since, even in a macro-tidal setting, a steep cliff only offers a minimal difference in the region over which the waves and currents can operate.
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